manner in which the nrega functions in your panchayat · pdf filemukhiya questionnaire hello,...

MUKHIYA QUESTIONNAIRE

Hello, my name is __________________

Purpose

We have come from J-PAL South Asia at IFMR in Patna. We are conducting a survey to collect

information on the manner in which the NREGA functions in your Panchayat. We are conducting

similar surveys across 12 districts in the State. You are being invited to participate in our survey.

Procedures

We would like to speak to the person who is performing the role of the Mukhiya for this Panchayat.

The interview will take about 30 minutes.

Risks and Benefits

You will not receive any direct benefit from the interview, nor will you be penalized in any way for

refusing. We hope to use this information to understand the way the NREGA functions in Bihar.

Voluntary Participation & Confidentiality

Everything you say to us will be kept secret—at no point will we compromise your identity to

anyone. We are not from the government. We are not auditors and we hold no powers of

investigation. We want to interview you only to understand the NREGA better: honest and frank

answers on your behalf will allow us to have a much clearer view of how the NREGA functions in

your Panchayat. To reiterate, we are a research organization and not associated with the

government in any way.

This interview is completely voluntary. You can choose not to answer any question and to stop the

interview at any point. The information you share with us will be kept confidential. Only those

involved in conducting this study will have access to the information you provide and data will be

stored securely.

Questions

Please ask questions about anything you don’t understand before you decide to participate. If you

have questions later, you may contact: Abhishek Anand, cell phone number .

MUHIYA QUESTIONNAIRE

MUKHIYA QUESTIONS

1. District

2. Block 3. Panchayat

4. Village

5. Surveyor Name

6. Surveyor Code

7. GPS Location of the Mukhiya’s house

Surveyor, please use the phone given to you to find out GPS location

8. Name of the Mukhiya

9. Who is actually performing the role of the Mukhiya in this GP?

1. Mukhiya himself 2. Mukhiya’s husband 3. Mukhiya’s father 4. Mukhiya’s son -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

Surveyor, please proceed with the interview of the person performing the Mukhiya’s role (as mentioned in the answer above).

10. Name (Mention the same name as in 6 if the Mukhiya himself is performing the role of the Mukhiya)

11. Phone Number

12. Age __________ Years -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

13. Sex 1. Male 2. Female -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

14. What is the highest level of education you attained?

1. No schooling or anganwadi 2. Standard (please specify) ............... 3. University but not Graduate 4. Graduate 5. Postgraduate (specify area of specialisation).................... 6. Other postgraduate professional degree -97.Refuse to answer

-98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

15. What is your main occupation?

1. Self-employed on the farm 2. Self-employed in non-farm activities 3. Casual labourer 4. Government employee 5. Domestic servant 6. Contractor 7. Unemployed 8. Retired 9. Housewife -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

16. Religion 1. Hindu 2. Muslim 3. Christian -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

17. What is the broad social category of your household?

1. SC 2. ST 3. OBC or EBC 4. General -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

18. To which caste category does this household belong?

Select appropriate category _____________ -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

19. How many ration cards and/or coupons have you had in your household since last year? Can you specify the category? Read each category and ask number of people. Ask for card colour to verify category. Ask to see card or coupons if need be. Only count current members of the HH.

Category # Cards

1. BPL (red) 2. APL (green) 3. Antyodyaya (yellow) 4. Annapurna 5. No one…………………… -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

………………

20. INTERVIEWER: What type of construction is the house (consider the roof, walls and flooring)?

1. Kuchaa 2. Pukka 3. Mixed kuchaa and pukka -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other

-99. Don’t Know

21. How many rooms does your house have? (if kitchen is in separate room, count it as a room)

Rooms

-97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

22. Does your house have a toilet?

1. Yes 2. No -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

23. Please tell me whether the household owns the following items:

Item

If yes, how many?

1. TV

2. Two wheeler: Motorcycle/Moped/ Scooter 3. CD / DVD / Radio / stereo 4. Gas/kerosene stove

5. Bicycle 6. Chair Cot / bed 7. Mobile Phone 8. Four-wheeler 9. Fridge

24. If you do have at least one four-wheeler, what kind of four-wheeler?

1. Hatchback 2. Saloon 3. Jeep 4. SUV 5. Van 6. Truck 7. Tractor -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

25. Does your family own any animals?

1. Yes 2. No…………………………… 27

26. Please tell me whether this household owns the following animals:

CIRCLE ALL THAT APPLY (include animal young)

Item If yes, how many?

1. Cows………………… 2. Buffalo …….…….… 3. Goats .…….…….

4. Chickens …………… 5. Pigs …….…….

27. Does your household own any land besides that on which your house is, such as other rooms, farmland, cow shed etc.?(If the land is shared, count only the household’s share)

1. Yes 2. No………………………… Go to 29 -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

28. How much land do you own besides that on which your house is? Probe – encourage respondent to estimate. If different units are used, please calculate and convert into one type of unit.

. 1. Dhoor 2. Bigha 3. Kattha 4. Acres 5. Hectares -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

29. Whom do you borrow money on interest from?

1. We do not borrow money C14 2. Money-lender 3. Friend/Relative 4. SHG 5. MFI 6. Bank 7. Post Office 8. Farmer Association -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

30. What is the rate of interest per 100 rupees?

Rs _____ per day Rs. _____ per month Rs. _____ per year -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other -99. Don’t Know

31. Have you hired casual labor in the past one year?

1. Yes 2. No ( go to 34)

A casual labourer is one who is paid on a per-day basis (even if the payments are made in a matter of two-three days)

32. How much do you give them per day in cash?

______________ Rs per day -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______

-99. Don’t Know

33. How much do you give them per day in kind?

______________ Rs per day -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

Write the Rs equivalent

Questions related to politics

POLITICAL QUESTIONS

34. Were you the Mukhiya in 2006? ?

0 No 1 Self 2 Family member -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

skip to 29

35. Did you run for Mukhiya in the 2006 elections?

1. Yes 2. No -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

36. What was the caste reservation status of the GP in 2006?

1- Open 2- OBC 3- SC 4- ST

-97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

37. What was the gender reservation status of the GP in 2006?

1. Open 2. Women -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

38. Were you the Mukhiya in 2001? ?

0 No 1 Self 2 Family member -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

Skip to 40

39. Did you run for Mukhiya in the 2001 elections?

1. Yes 2. No -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

40. What was the caste reservation status of the GP in 2001?

1- Open 2- OBC 3- SC 4- ST


41. What was the gender reservation status of the GP in 2001?

1. Open 2. Women -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

42. Do you have any other previous political experience?

0. None 1. Ward member 2. Party Member 3. Farmer Association Leader

4. Member of Zilla Parishad -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

43. Has any member of your family had political experience?

0. None 1. Ward member 2. Party Member 3. Farmer Association Leader -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

NREGA Questions

44. What is the kind of works that you prefer to provide under NREGA?

1. Tree Plantation 2. Road Construction 3. Water Harvesting 4. Water Conservation 5. Irrigation Canal


Multiple Select

45. How many households did you provide work to since September 2012?

_________________Households -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

46. What are the main problems you face in implementing NREGA?

1. Lack of demand for NREGA work 2. Cost of material higher than

mandated price 3. Lack of funds from the government 4. Corruption from the administration 5. CPSMS fund-flow mechanism

creates delays 98: Others: 1

2

3_______________________________ 4______________________________

-97.Refuse to answer -99. Don’t Know

Write details here:

47. Some of the Mukhiya we talked to mentioned the following problems with respect to implementation of NREGA works. Do you also face them?

1. Lack of demand for NREGA work 2. Cost of material higher than

mandated price 3. Lack of funds from the government 4. Corruption from the administration 5. CPSMS fund-flow mechanism

creates delays -97.Refuse to answer -98. Other (Specify)_______ -99. Don’t Know

Ask only if the respondent has NOT mentioned them before. Circle the ones the Mukhiya faces problems with.

48. Some of the Mukhiya we talked to mentioned that they were making payments in advance to NREGA laborers. Have you done it yourself?

1. Yes 2. No Skip to Vignette


49. How much do you give (the NREGA workers you pay in advance) to them on average?

________________ Rs per day

50. How do you collect your money back?

1. The beneficiaries collect the money and return it to me

2. I collect it from the Bank/Post Office

3. The Mate/PRS collects it from the Bank/Post Office and gives it to me


VIGNETTE: (Investigator: Please write down detailed notes on everything the Mukhiya mentions in the space provided below. After the survey is completed, circle the options based on your notes.) Recently, when our organization was looking at data from two neighboring Panchayats (from the same block) in Buxar, we found contrasting outcomes with respect to NREGA spending. While one Panchayat spent 1.5 Lakhs in the past financial year (2012-13) on NREGA, the other was spending 18.5 Lakhs in the same time-period. What do you think could be a possible reason(s) behind these numbers?

1. Mukhiya is not capable/competent 2. Mukhiyais not influential-- he does not have enough people from his own caste to give NREGA

work to. 3. Mukhiya is poor, does not have enough money to pay contractor/material vendor/laborers in

advance 4. There is too much monitoring from the administration. (Surveyor Response: But, both

Panchayats are in the same block, so it is unlikely that one is monitored more than the other) 5. Mukhiya and PRS do not get along 6. NREGA workers do not want to work at all 7. Mukhiya and PRS do not get along 8. There is too much paper-work to do, too many records to keep. (This is true for both

Panchayats, so there must be some other reason) 9. PRS does not reside in the same Panchayat 10. NREGA workers want pay without working enough 11. NREGA wages (144/day) are too low. The private sector wage rates are higher. (Surveyor

Response: Both Panchayats are nearby, so the private market must be paying the same wages for labourers from both Panchayats. It cannot explain difference in spending)

12. Infrastructure constraints—internet connectivity is poor, computers are not available (Surveyor Response: Both Panchayats are in the same block, they must be facing same infrastructure constraints)

13. Cost of material higher than mandated price (Surveyor Response: Both Panchayats are in the same block, they must be facing same material prices)

14. Funds from the government take too long to come (Surveyor Response: Both Panchayats are in the same block, so fund-flow delays are almost the same in both Panchayats)

15. Funds from the government are not enough (Surveyor Response: Both Panchayats are in the same block, so how is it that one Panchayat manages to spend so much more?)

16. Everyone takes a cut (commission)—the block-level functionaries, the Engineers, the PRS and the mate

17. CPSMS fund-flow mechanism creates delays 18. There is no scope to do NREGA work—the Panchayat is small 19. Mukhiya is dabangg: he may not want to give NREGA work to anyone


Write Notes here:

LOTTERY

Mukhiyaji, you have been extremely cooperative with us so far. We are very grateful to you for this.

We only ask of you another five minutes or so. During this last section, we wish to conduct an

experiment with you. You could even call it a game. This will involve small sums of money, but this

does not amount to gambling. We are researchers and we do not endorse gambling in any way.

We have played this game with other Mukhiyas—in Panchayats from Nalanda to Maner. And, as we

speak, surveys of Mukhiyas across 12 districts are going on. This Game is purely for our

understanding of your manner of thinking through the choices you make in the game.

1/ We give him 50Rs (real money and tell him that we will say yes or no to lotteries.

3/ We use the following grid, the first offer is determined randomly. If a lottery is accepted we go

down (i.e. to a more risky lottery). If it is refused we go up (i.e. to less risky lotteries).

The probabilities are always 50/50, a lottery (-X;Y) means 50% chance of losing X and 50% chance

of gaining Y.

Offer 1 Offer 2 Offer 2 Offer 3 Offer 4

0. (-5;10)

1. (-10;20)

2. (-15;30)

3. (-20;40)

4. (-25;50)

5. (-30;60) 6. (-35;70)

7. (-40;80)

8. (-45;90)

9. (-50;100)

-97.Refuse to answer

-98. Other (Specify)_______

manner in which the nrega functions in your panchayat · pdf filemukhiya questionnaire hello,...

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