mapping the author gender distribution of disease-specific medical research
TRANSCRIPT
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
MAPPING THE AUTHOR GENDER-DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE-SPECIFIC MEDICAL RESEARCH
Jens Peter Andersen, Jesper Wiborg Schneider & Mathias Wullum NielsenDanish Centre for Studies on Research and Research Policy, Aarhus University & History Department, Stanford University
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
Call for Diversity: Underrepresentation of women in biomedical research (PNAS)
NIH, EU, LERU: Diversity => enhance knowledge outcomes
Is there a ghettoisation of female-dominated health research?
Underrepresentation of female patients in clinical evidence base, e.g. for cardiovascular health
PREMISE
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
xkcd.com/385/
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
Gender shapes cognition, experience and perspective.
Gender diversity => conglomeration of worldviews, orientations and interests that women, men and other genders bring into the scientific enterprise
BRIEF PRIMER ON GENDER
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
PubMed Medline records matched to Web of Science
PubMed: Medical subject headings (MeSH) => disease categorisation
MATERIAL
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
• All MeSH Categories• Diseases Category
• Animal Diseases• Abortion, Veterinary +• Actinobacillosis• …
• Bacterial Infections and Mycoses• Bacterial Infections +• Central Nervous System Infections +• …
• Cardiovascular Diseases• Cardiovascular Abnormalities +• Cardiovascular Infections +• Heart Diseases +
MESH
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
DATA
All documents
(2008-2015)n = 2,512,37
n = 2,124,498 n = 1,754,188
Docs matched to Wos, gender
determined for all authors
n = 1,542,050Gender not determined
for 1+ author(s)
n = 212,138
Group authors, first name length
= 1n = 370,310
Unable to match to
WoSn =
387,873
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
DETERMING GENDER
KIM?KIMDenmark
2% 98%South Korea
68% 32%USA
68% 32%
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
Each author of a paper is assigned a probability of being female, f, extracted from gender-api.com
Each paper is assigned a weighted probability, fw = sum(f)/n
Other options: binary f, f(first author), f(last author)
GENDER INDICATOR
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
N mesh disease terms = 4,709fw for all mesh = 0.35 (~ Gaussian)
OVERALL FINDINGS
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All MeSH…
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Neurobehavioral manifestations
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Female urogenital diseases
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Male urogenital diseases
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
GENDER PER DISEASE
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DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCHER 15 SEPTEMBER 2016JENS PETER ANDERSEN2 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
INDICATORS CONFERENCE 2016
DISCUSSION Female-dominated research:
› Female body-specific diseases› “softer” approaches, communication
Further research:› Variation in and among medical specialties› Accounting for country› Connection between funding for diseases and gender diversity› Impact
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2 DANISH CENTRE FOR STUDIES INRESEARCH AND RESEARCH POLICY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCEAARHUS UNIVERSITY
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