University of Eastern Finland and FinCEAL

Creating Transformational Partnerships for Food and

Nutrition Security

4 June 2014

Market-driven Approaches to Nutrition Security in

Southern Africa

Anna Rosengren and Lesley-Anne van Wyk

European Centre for Development Policy

Management (ECDPM)

● Who is ECDPM? ● Market-based approaches to Nutrition Security

● Linking agriculture and nutrition in regional policy

frameworks in SADC ● Key issues and questions for discussion

Overview

•Independent and non-partisan foundation

•Main goal: broker effective development partnerships between the EU and the Global South, particularly Africa

•Areas of work: EU external action, security & resilience, economic transformation and trade, Africa’s change dynamics, food security

•Methods: dialogue facilitation, tailored advice, policy-oriented research with partners from the South, institutional capacity building

● www.ecdpm.org

European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM)

Page * ECDPM

Focus on regional dimensions of agricultural

development and food security

More specifically, e.g.:

•Support regions to formulate & implement regional

investment plans

•Promote development partners’ alignment &

harmonisation to support regional initiatives

•Involvement of farmers’ organisations in regional

processes

•Strengthen synergies between sectors (e,g. agriculture,

trade, infrastructure,…)

ECDPM food security programme

Two parallel policy movements:

● The role of the private sector in development

● Nutrition as a part of food security agenda

Characteristics

● Complex and multi-sectoral agenda

- Immediate, underlying and basic causes

Approaches to tackle undernutrition

● Direct, indirect and enabling

Drivers

● Public and private sector

Market-based approaches to nutrition

•Nutrition: Availability, Access, Awareness, Supporting Environment

•Base of Pyramid: Availability, Access, Awareness, Affordability

•Similar principles but what about:

- Objectives?

- Approaches?

- Targets?

- Impacts?

- Sustainability?

Alignment of agendas

1. Farmer development services 2. Secured sourcing schemes 3. BoP intermediaries 4. Food production adaptation 5. Hybrid market creation

5 BoP Business Interventions

Regional approaches to Nutrition Security

● CAADP (2002) agricultural component of NEPAD

(2001)

● AU Declaration of Maputo on agriculture and food

security (2003) to emphasize importance of CAADP

agenda and fast-track implementation

● Key elements: Famous 10% of public spending and

6% annual agricultural growth

● But goes far beyond: broader agricultural

transformation agenda - address root causes of

agricultural crisis and food insecurity in Africa

Maputo Declaration & Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP)

Pillars:

1.Sustainable Land and Water Management

2.Market Access

3.Food Supply and Hunger (Nutrition)

4.Agricultural Research

Some key CAADP Principles

-Multi-sectoral approach

-Multi-stakeholder involvement

-Evidence-based policy making

-Implementation guided by national and regional

compacts & investment plans

CAADP pillars & principles

Policy frameworks ● The Comprehensive Africa Agriculture

Development Programme (CAADP) (especially Pillar III)

● SADC Regional Agricultural Policy (RAP)

● Draft SADC Food and Nutrition Security

Strategy 2014-2020 Initiatives ● Women Informal Cross-Border Traders

(WICBT)

Key Examples of Regional approaches to nutrition security in SADC

● Combination of food security/agricultural approach and health/human centred approach

● process to date - borne from the RAP development process - anchored in the RISDP, national policy processes

and actions - takes a ‘life-circle/life-course’ approach for

strengthening the health sectors with nutrition-specific interventions while also strengthening the nutrition-sensitive interventions in agriculture, education, social protection, trade

- key stakeholders for review and implementation include: public sector (agriculture, health, gender) farmers organisation, youth, regional organisations, labour unions, and others

Draft SADC Food and Nutrition Security Strategy 2014-2020

Goal: To ensure food and nutrition security for all segments of SADC populations for socio-economic growth and development and overall well-being

Intermediate outcomes: 1. Improved food availability 2. Improved access to food 3. Improved food utilisation

Private sector and agri-business is key stakeholder for FNSS implementation

Draft SADC Food and Nutrition Security Strategy 2014-2020

Nutrition sensitive value chains – Zambian experience with Vitamin A Maize

● Maize accounts for 57% of daily caloric intake in Zambia

● Approx. 10% of the population are smallholder farmers

● Biofortification is one aspect of many in Zambia’s FNS approach (incl. dietary diversity, supplementation and commercial fortification)

● Work with smallholder farmers, government offices, agri-processors, research institutions

● Areas of collaboration included: ● Advocacy and promotional campaigns for scaling up

nutrition Policy analysis and formulation ● Delivery of services, e.g. linking farmers to markets,

post harvest handling etc ● Knowledge and information sharing and dissemination ● Mobilization of resources to address/resolve

malnutrition.

Nutrition sensitive value chains – Zambian experience with Vitamin A Maize

● Consumption patterns and attitudes for new crops

are a difficult to change. Using diverse information sources (NGOs, Public, Private, CBOs etc) works better.

● Multi-stakeholder collaboration across private, public

and NGO sectors is crucial to drive adoption of nutritious crops.

● For PPPs to work, need to put clear operational

processes in place, developed jointly

Nutrition sensitive value chains in Zambia - lessons for partnerships

● Approaches able to deal with nutrition complexity?

● Commercial viability vs coverage

● Awareness is key – information/marketing

● Regulation also – institutional challenges

● BoP needs scale - little on regional approaches

● Business environment an overriding constraint

● Need for CSOs to share risks, ensure local linkages,

benefits?

● Motivation – does it matter if it is CSR?

● How can local development benefit?

● Need to address inflexible institutional arrangements

for implementing cross-sectoral initiatives at national

and regional scales

Some key issues

Thank you www.ecdpm.org

www.slideshare.net/ecdpm

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Availability

● Consumption

● Fostering consumer demand for fortified food

● Government regulations of fortification standards

● Local production?

● Own consumption: bio-fortification of seeds

Access

● P: local and intra-household distribution

● p: price levels (which product)

● C: local markets not major consumer markets -

viability?

Awareness

● Behavioural choices

● Consumer and producer awareness

● Marketing versus independent information

Enabling/supporting

● Working with local PS: Risk and aware sharing,

Voice and ownership

● Overarching business environment

● Strong institutional set-up

● Government champions

● Regional initiatives: ● Global Hunger Index (GHI) ● SUN Movement ● Global Nutrition for Growth Compact ● Maternal, Infant and Young Child

Nutrition (MIYCN) ● National policies, strategies and action

plans

On-going efforts to address Food and Nutrition Insecurity in SADC

•Challenges & lessons

•More on roles of partnerships and different

partners?

•How to create more trust and credibility?

•Drivers, obstacles and opportunities for greater

private sector participation?

Discussion topics