maury goodman, anl now 2008 september 2008 1 long-baseline experiments in north america maury...
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Maury Goodman, ANLNOW 2008 September 2008
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Long-Baseline Experiments in North America
Maury Goodman ANL
NOW 2008 September 2008
Maury Goodman, ANLNOW 2008 September 2008
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Preface: “Long-Baseline” Definition
Dictionary definition of long - “having considerable linear extent in space”
Longer than before / Off the site of the accelerator
Beam -- L >> length of beam pipe YES
Which implies the far detector sees a point source of neutrinos
Physics – L >> E/(2.54 m322 ) ~ 1500km NO
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Preface:[Factors in North America/US]
• National Planning in the US is done by a panel called HEPAP (High Energy Physics Advisory Panel)
• Long-Term Planning is done every few years by subpanels
• A recent innovation is to have a panel called P5 (Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel) maintain a roadmap.
• The highest priority project in a 2001 report was the ILC (Bagger-Barish Panel)
• The ILC Central Design Group Reference Design Report reported an ILC cost in August 2007. The advertised cost was $6.6B. The estimated US project cost is $21.9B. [These are the same number!]
• Too much ->-> Therefore new study
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P5 report May 29 08 report aka Baltay panel
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Outline
• MINOS a few results
• MINOS+ speculation & opinions
• NOA
• LB DUSEL– Water– Liquid Argon
Thanks to M. Sanchez, H. Gallagher, G. Feldman, M. Diwan, N. Saoulidou, M. Messier, M. Bishai, G. Rameika, R. Svoboda, Y.K. Kim, K. Lesko, B. Fleming, L. Pinella,
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Plusmore baselines…
• To have some more facts in this talk, I’ll mention several things having to do with baseball*.
Fully realizing a large fraction of my audience doesn’t care in the least about baseball
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MINOS
• 484 planes of 4cm strips
SEE DETAILS FROM JUSTIN EVANS THIS AFTERNOON
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NuMI Beam Performance
8
Tot
al P
roto
ns (
E20
)
12 May 2008
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MINOS - m232
Energy Spectrum
Best Fit:|m2| = 2.43x10-3 eV2
sin2(2) =1.00
Eve
nts
/ G
eV
|m2| =(2.43±0.13) x 10-3 eV2 (68% C.L.)
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MINOSOther Analyses
• NC• Atmospheric s• Alternative fits to
oscillations• Time of flight• Search for Lorentz
Violation• Cosmic
• Cosmic shadows, seasonal variations,…
e for 13
Antineutinos for m232
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Cosmic RaysCharge Ratio
• Previously
flat• First rise in Charge Ratio
• Relevant variable is not E by Ecos
• Can be used to measure K+/K- & +/-
• Related to TeV associated production
• Relevant for Neutrino Telescope backgrounds ()
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e Sensitivity for 13
At CHOOZ limit expect 12 νe signal events and 42 background events with 3.25x1020 protons. Use sidebands to study predicted far detector backgrounds.
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MINOS plans
Þ Running on FNAL schedule through 2010 ~10e20 pot
Þ We want to continue running s beyond 2010Þ We want to run sÞ A “scenarios” group is devising a plan/proposalÞ Running beyond 2010 seems obvious, but you
never know.
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Baseball
They play almost every day (162-182/year) Many fans appreciate statistics You can understand about 70% of the game in
30 minutes Much that remains is fairly subtle Huge influence - metaphors on English language(MVP, double play, off base, hit it out of the park, pinch
hitter, foul ball, all-star, big league, rain check, …) Most common questions when I take a European to a
baseball game (~40,000)– Why are there no policeman?– What is light beer?
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NOA-Where?Ash River
Minneapolis
Duluth
International Falls
Fermilab
Ash River
Minneapolis
Duluth
International Falls
FermilabAsh River
VoyageursNational Park(shaded brown)
Ash River
VoyageursNational Park(shaded brown)
The Ash River site is the furthestavailable site from Fermilab alongthe NuMI beamline. This maximizesNOA’s sensitivity to the mass ordering.
Off-axis
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NOA designplastic filled with scintillator
An admirer
32-cell extrusions.
The planes alternate horizontal and vertical.
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NOAA significant Issue
• It takes a long time to build & fill• It is desirable to take data before it is complete
Gluing & Structural Engineering challenges
“The problem with plastic is that it is plastic”
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Signal & Background
x-z y-z2.2 GeVe QE CC
1.4 GeV QE CC
12.3 GeV NC
with a 1.2 GeV 0
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NOA – nonzero 13 ?
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NOA – mass hierarchy ?
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NOA – CP ?
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NOA oscillations
• NOA was approved at Fermilab and construction funds were included in the DOE 07-08 proposed budget ($12M first year of $260M)
• Funds also in Congressional budgets, but retroactively zero’d in a December 07 compromise
• P5 report recommended NOA, but not in all funding scenarios.
• A supplemental funding bill in July 08 included $9.2 M for NOA
• It recently passed its (second) CD2 review – not yet signed.
• Hardware & Civil projects that had been delayed are gearing back up.
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Chicago Cubs
• Haven’t won “World Series” since 1908
• 1630 teams• Cubs 4 wins -0 losses
on days that Italy has won the world cup
• 2008- This is the year
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Eamus CatuliiAnno Catulli 00 62 99
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Project X
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Protons at Fermilab
Now
ANU/NOA
Project X
SNuMI
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LHC including Upgrades, Particle Astrophysics (including Dark Matter and Dark Energy)
ILC R&D, EDR, Engineering, Decision, Industrialization, Construction, Running
Proj. X R&DILC cavities &Cryomodules,Overall Design
SNuMI
small
13
NOvA (0.7 MW) (1.2 MW)
larg
e 13
+2 yrs
base
line
+5 yrs
ILC
tiny 13
Precision Phase I Precision Phase II
Sketch of Integrated Plan (Sept. 18, 2007) [Y.K. Kim]
MuoncolliderR&D for future energy frontier colliders
DUSEL
+ Factory
4D cooling + …works
6D cooling + …works
extremely tiny 13
Project X
A Large Detectorat DUSEL
for Neutrinos
andProton Decay
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P5
DUSEL
Project X
ANU
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DUSEL
Long-Baseline
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3 100kt detectors?
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LB-DUSELA significant Issue
• It will take a long time to build & fill
• It will be desirable to take data before it is complete One of the arguments for Modular H2O
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Water or Liquid Argon?
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On-Axis or Off-Axis?
• On-Axis More flux
• Off-Axis Less Background
• Design a Flexible Beam?
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One (unofficial) notion of a LB-DUSEL schedule
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DUSEL long-baselineis a vision
The vision requires: (all cost figures MCG rumor quality)– DUSEL ($500M+)– A new beamline at Fermilab ($250M)– Project X ($1B)– A new huge detector ($500M-1B)
None of these currently exist or are “approved”
It is not clear that this fits the funding assumptions of P5, or that it is a community consensus.
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Other ideas
5 kt Ar at SoudanUse Brookhaven’s AGSDetector at 2nd maximum in NuMI beam
◙ Neutrino Factory/Muon Collider
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NOW 2020Intercontinental Long-Baseline
ETC…
JPARC-INO
CERN-INO
FNAL-INO
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Advertisement(s)
• Free monthly neutrino rumor newsletter --~100 lines, send “subscribe” to [email protected] or see http://www.hep.anl.gov/ndk/longbnews/Join ~1600 subscribers.
• Neutrino Oscillation Industry Web Page http://www.neutrinooscillation.org/
Maury Goodman, ANLNOW 2008 September 2008
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Conclusions
• MINOS is taking data– Results at 4e20, m2
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– Expected ~ 10e20, 13
• NOA is coming• LB-DUSEL may be next• With regard to planning, (in my humble opinion) we
are overdue for an effective international context• Neutrino fans are in for exciting times• Chicago Cubs fans are looking forward to the 2008
baseball World Series
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Backup
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