maximus the confessor on freedom

7/23/2019 Maximus the Confessor on Freedom

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S blagoslovom Wegove svetostiPatrijarha srpskog gospodina Irineja

[tampawe ~asopisa Crkvene studijeomogu}ilo jeMinistarstvo vera Republike Srbije


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CHURCH STUDIES

Annual Journal of the Centre of Church Studies

Year VII Number 7

The Centre of Church Studies

Ni{, 2010.


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Godi{wak Centra za crkvene studije

Godina VII Broj 7

Centar za crkvene studijeNi{, 2!"


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C#$%&N& '()*+&-CHURCH STUDIES

ISSN 1820-2446

+zdava~Centar za crkvene studije, Ni{

Redakcija

rAngeliki Delikari .'olun/, drVera Georgieva .'kop0e/,drIvan Hristov ./, dr Rostislav Stankov .'o1ija/,dr Aleksandar Nauov.%enecija/, dr !lga "oseva.oskva/,

dr #ranislav $odi%.Beograd/, dr #oris #rajovi%.Nik{i}/,dr&redrag Mateji%.$olum3us/, dr Sla'ana Risti%(Gorgiev .Ni{/,Darko )rsti% .Ni{/, dr Diitrios &antos.4tina/,

dr Vladiir Cvetkovi% .Ni{/, sekretar

*rednikDr Dragi{a Bojovi} (Ni{)

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SADR+A,

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............................................................................... 11Zdravko PenoThe Christianity and the Challenges of Globalization ....................................................... 22

- ........................................................................... 23Rodoljub Kubat

Die angelologioshe vorsellungen des sptjudaismus als ausdruck eines spezifischentheologischen diskurses - Eine Theologie des Bildes ......................................................... 40

!!"#$$%&!"' ................................................................. 41Darko KrstiUsing of the Book of Exodus in the Prologue of the Gospel of John as the frame

for proving the superiority of Jesus Christ over Moses ..................................................... 53

!"#$%Mission completed?()*+*,-./.+.0123*45/+5670/+10839:210+;,5=)9 .......................... 55&&

Mission completed? !?@...................... 65

Mitroulis Ioannis(/=AB*)*1


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,-J.KLK ................................. 109Svilen TutekovThe Theology of Charismata in the Thought of St Basil the Great .................................. 126

./0?K! ....................................................................... 127Boban Dimitrijevi

Leo the Great and the Question of the Primacy of the Pope .................. .......................... 135

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! ........................................................................................... 137Ivica ivkoviThe conscience about sin and the education .................................................................... 151

3/34MNO 47 ............................................................. 153Vladimir VukainoviThe Cathechisis of Kirilo Zivkovic Krka Pc ..................................................................... 176

5. 5N: ' ................................................................................... 177Goran Z. Golubovi

Religion and Neurophilosophy: A review on the cerebral cosmology andanthropology of Ante Matkovic ........................................................................................ 188

II

Aleksander NaumowLa figura di S. Pietro lAthonita nei testi liturgici ......................................................... .. 19167/

?# ........................................ 200

1P ................................................................. 201Danica PetroviChurch Musicians - Spiritual Guides and Artists ............................................................. 218

3,Q@!R

#IXIV .................................. 2193,8QSTL, TUU#ISUMSTVSSIUXIV ............................. 238


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(14. ) ............................................................... 239Zoran RankoviThe Extract from the Nish Menaion for October (14th) ................................................... 244

).9, +9:-KWSWS ... 245Ivan Biliarsky, Mariyana Tsibranska-KostovaVerbal formuilae and images for glorification of the ruler in mediaeval Bulgaria ......... 266

08

-I!.......................... 267988

SWST-UWUS ........... 283

,;,. .48N!I" ............................................. 285Sneana S. Ba?1Y%XIII .............................. 307Aleksandar UzelacEurope as Seen Through the Eyes of a Late Thirteenth Century Nestorian Traveller ..... 321

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@/+#!:& ................. 375Ema Miljkovi

A contribution to the research of Islamizing in the Serbian ethnic territories:The history of Islamizing in rural areas in the first century of the Rule of Turks ............ 385

6A.PI!IPVXIX ....... 387AnBelka BulatoviThe church and the influence of religion on the status and education of women

Montenegro in the nineteenth century ........................................... ................................... 396

)6@e. (I) 1931. ................................................................................... 397Irena Arsi

Niko Djivanovic, citizen of Dubrovnik, as defender of the name|of the Gruska Street of the Holy Cross in 1931 ................................................................ 403

Q/ Notes on authors ............................................................ .......................... 405

f! ......................................... 417

Manuscript preparation instructions for authors .......................................................... ... 418


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!(*. 3,1).

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603, Q !?, ((. &8&,. *4), 7

,2003.Veber Max,Protestantska etika i duh kapitalizma, Sarajevo 1989.5&0 .&, # , (( &8& (. 60

*), -=3=8.=2001.Grhgori,ou Nu,sshj(Peri.kataskeuh/j avnqrw,pou(PG 44, 123256)Lo,goj kathchtiko,j o`e,gaj(PG 45, 9106)Peri.parqeni,aj(PG 46, 317416)Grhgori,ouPalaa/(!"ili,a eivj th.n Penthkosth.n(E 10,Qessaloni,kh 1985.*60,V#&, .&2002.#$wa,nnou %aaskhnou/(&i,oj &arlaa, kai.#$wa,sa'(EE 10,Qessaloni,kh 1991./ +D, # , ((. &8& . ),

+E1996.King Hans, Projekt svjetski etos, Velika Gorica 2003.

, #=?+. +, "!, +,12002.

a)i,ou !"ologhtou/(Pro.j Qala,ssion(EE 14 ,Qessaloni,kh 1992.

*uew.n o Ne,oj Qeolo,goj(+e'alai,a qeologika. kai. praktika.(EE 19 A,

Qessaloni,kh 1983.-GIA, !I, .&1994.http://www.dadalos.org/globalisierung_sr/grundkurs_5.htm. ?25. 3. 2010.


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Zdravko Peno

THE CHRISTIANITY AND THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION

Emphasizing the affiliation to the Church, Christianity did not suppress awarenessof believers their historical existence in this world, especially not to the extant thatChristians can not belong to a family, state (as broader family) or nation (as even broadercommunity). Nevertheless, each of the Christs followers should always remember Hiswords that we are in this world, but not of this world. Family, state and nation givetemporary special-temporal identity, but only the Church is capable of giving eternalidentity. Although these categories have lost their original meaning and significance in the

globalization vision of the world, the reason for that should not be found in Christianity.That may be only exterior impression of those people who are not familiar with the interiorcontents of Christian life. Globalization, as the world order, tends to include all major worldreligions under his religious concept. Relativism should be a measure of everything in thatsyncretistic religious system which means that Christianity would be humiliated because itwould be of the same value, as every other religion. However, as original Christianity,Orthodoxy is not only one in a series of the world religions, but a faith of Revelation whichgives the only and authentic testimony of God and life in communion with Him.

The Orthodoxy and the globalization are different not only in their initialassumptions, but in their aims, as well. Christs wordsyou cannot serve God and mammon(Mathew 6:24) are a criterion of Christian attitude towards the globalization. Globalizationis all immersed in the mundane, it exists according to the logic of mammon the spirit ofthis world and its aim is to make the world new Babylon, as property of multinational

companies. Christianity is directed toward the liturgical creation of the new man and theworld i.e. towards the life of the future age, towards the living in heavens from which weexpect arrival of the Lord of all Jesus Christ. Instead of the economy as the onlymotivation of the existence and instead of the unfair distribution of goods and the newworld order, the Church offers divine love and economy of reaching the measure of thegrowth of Christs fullness. Instead of the market as a destination and understanding of theworld as a marketplace, the Church calls on the liturgy as the ultimate goal of human life,since, according to the words of St Nicolas Cabasilas, we have nowhere else to go, furtherfrom the Eucharist. Instead of the global village, the Church calls the faithful ones to theCity of eternal foundations, whose builder and maker is God(Heb. 11:10).

Key words: Christianity, Globalization, Babylon, Pentecost, Global village,Eucharist.


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1 [email protected] Johann Michl, Engel, BThW, 230.3 >(. Larry W. Hurtado, One God, One Lord: Early Christian Devotion and Ancient Jewish


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8 Johann Michl, Engel V (Engelnamen), RAC V, 64.9 Johann Michl, Engel, BThW, 230.10 6321 6 8.11 Hans Bietenhard, Die himmelische Welt im Urchristentum und Sptjudentum, Tbingen, 1951,101.12 Jalkut Chadasch 147, Eisenmenger II, 377.13 Hans Bietenhard, op. cit., 102.14 >(. '60,De sacrificiis Abelis et Caini5: KLM$NO"MN%P!Q".15 Johann Michl, op. cit., 232.


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16 Wilchelm Bousset, Die Religion des judentums im spthellenistischen Zeitalter, hg. von HugoGremann, Tbingen 1926, 321.17 Johann Michl, op. cit., 231.18 Volkmar Hirth, Gottes Boten im Alten Testaments. Die alttestamentliche Malak-Vorstellung unterbesonderer Bercksichtigung des Malak-Jahwe-Problems, Berlin, 1975, 101.


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19 A/8?(. CA00*D&, ?80%a'l.m;, &rf; ?((40: 6. Rhling, brdn *hvngl ds 6ltn Tstmnts, ThQ 48, 1866, 537).20 ,(/,(&;3&,/. +A/, / 32 8 & laer'f.yI ynEB. /)?/. C/ /D(((4), 4?&00&, &00lae ynEB. .;0.21 Volkmar Hirth, op. cit., 106.22 Otto Plger, Das Buch Daniel, 149.23 EVII, 6; H. Brdtk, Di Hndshriftnfundm Ttn Mr, Brlin, 1958,231.24 Eduard Lose, Michael, RGG3, 4, Tbingen, 1960, 932.25 0/0//(=, ,/?A/(3@26 12; (. W.Lueken, Michael, eine Darstellung und Vergleichung der jdischen und der morgenlndisch-christliche Tradition vom Erzengel Michael, Gttingen, 1898, 13). 0A?.26 Volkmar Hirth, op. cit., 107.27 >(/4=?(Wilchelm Bousset, op. cit., 324.


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34 3 &V!K$ ?A@G1 21; 1 16; 1 3 22; (&, ?041 15 24; @G3 10; 6 12; 2 10, 15.35 >(.041, 6b 22, 2h. A(, E/,G/000421 1, 6+032. )8, 8CG//8(19 6; 22 2; 29 3; 1 @61 10; 71 7).0(00((3 @1 8; 6 1, 3).36 T$ (((007 9. A(/=04H3, 8; 1 16.37 +&(G//, G/4/((. 21, 1)38 Hans Bitnhrd, op. cit., 106.39 1) (&. 17 8; 1922; 25 28 6; 2) (&. 17 17; 3) (&. 18; 4) (&. 28 748; 5) (&. 316;48bcd, ?(&23: Hans Bitnhrd, op. cit., 106.40 ,hristian Bttrih,Ds slvishHnhbuh, Gtrslh, 1996, 881.41 /4= , 0 / DA&0-0(8


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/ (D & / 3. *8=/ /?/ 00, 0;&A. Gunkel-//4=, &Bousset-Gremann (op. cit., 325), 304(D&, 0/ /&( 7. '//A(), 4(0(?*?9 211.42 /4=,hristian-a Bttrih-(op. cit., 881), 88;*?1 5((A/1 ((. *2 2; 31 14; H3 5; I QSb 4 25; I QH 6 13), (0 / ?D= 8 A5(= 1 @ 40 2. - 08DA/&D?((. 1 @9 1; 10; 2136; 40 2-10; 54 6; 71 8, 9, 13;87 2; 88 1-3; 6@?6 2; I QM 9 15), (0?0/D=/((. 1 @20 1-7; 815; 90 21; - 12 15; H 8 2; 6+0 40). @( (1) @ 82 7 /& (40/= D 10. > D 19 1 @D / = A, /;((DA/=D0(=((. 20 1).43 Hans Bitnhrd, op. cit., 106.44 Ibidem, 107.45 >(. Wilchelm Bousset, op. cit., 327.46 Eduard Lose, op. cit., 932.


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47 J. Michl, Engel V (Engelnamen), RAC V, 244.48 Wilchelm Bousset, op. cit., 327.49 J. Michl, op. cit., 244.50 August Wnsche, Aus Israels Lehrhallen I: Kleine Midraschim zur spteren legendarischenLiteratur des Alten Testaments, Hildesheim ND, 1967, 271.51 Wilhelm Lueken, op. cit., 22.52 )?&0?(&&?@o(((. J. Leroy, RevHistRel138, 1950, 240).53 Eduard Lose, op. cit., 932.54 Johann Michl, op. cit., 245.55 Ibidem, 246.56 Wilhem Lueken, op. cit., 17.57 Johann Michl, op. cit., 246.


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58 Wilchelm Bousset, op. cit., 327.59 Die israelische Personennamen im Rahmen der gemein-semitischen Namengebung, Stuttgart,1928, 190.60 C. H. Hunzinger, Gabriel, RGG3, 2, Tbingen, 1958, 1185.61 Ibidem.62 Johann Michl, op. cit., 240.63 C&,#, 6, 30.64 / 0 5 / 0/ D4/ (/ (0 (&?/E/, 0H&/. > 80 DA 5E 0+0, 0((. )&@(G0(: >6A0&E. 5(, 00?80&, /(/(=, +0,(/48?/4, ?; /8.;08(, ?4( (Ancoratus66, 6).65Die israelische Personennamen, 179.


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66 C&, Q14, 2.67 Wilchelm Bousset, op. cit., 328.68 Johann Michl, op. cit., 255.69 Ibidem.70 H. Junker /+?8metator 80(0, ;/A0/?&(Untersuchungen ber literarische undexegetische Probleme des Buches Dan, 60). )&/4=0Wilhelm Bousset, op. cit., 354, /4&/=&0G10?. R. Bechai ;8+? mhnu,twr & (Auslegung der Thora, 98, col. 4). C?8/4=/(40Hugo Odeberg, 3 Enoch or the Hebrew book of Enoch, Cambridge, 1928, 125142.71 Johann Michl, op. cit., 221.72 Hans Bietenhard, op. cit., 149.73 Ibidem, 151.74 Hugo Odeberg, op. cit., 82.


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)?182. J (?0 ? &; ( ( A ( 6 1-4),+?00((83. 7&0(00* (28 12): H/+, 000D&(/(&D;0/...84-?8(?00/.

75 6lan F. Segal, Two Powers in Heaven, Leiden, 1978, 168.76 Hans Bietenhard, op. cit., 149.77 Johann Michl, op. cit., 223.78 Hugo Odeberg, op. cit., 95.79 @4600?12. , /68+,00D(?1?, &00(. &&0(? 6D (rxea;) &, (. C??/ =&& = (0 4(=. 74(40Jdisches Lexikon II, Berlin, 1928, 365367.80 Hans Bietenhard, op. cit., 150.81 7(/+00: /4Tanchum waethchannan5a.82Jalqut chadasch, 115, 1; 116, 2f.83 August Wnsche, op. cit., 8.84 /4HVY!: August Wnsche,Aus IsraelsLehrhallen III, Kleine Midraschim zur spteren legendarischen Literatur des Alten Testaments,Hildesheim ND, 1967, 63.


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(?(48 4). 8, (.;0?/(48 10).,&(, &4// (3@ 1728) +(/= 0 A0 D0D0. D/ 30 2 38 3, + 0?&. >/0//1/(10 3; 16) 0010/=+0. -?=&;10 3: >8/&?/&(//;//&1/1//,?? / D ;, 0 ; (4, 0 ?,'JD', (/=D&187. >&16 ?4(/06D0(8?E&& 15. +0;=/&=D100(( &. C +, 0, 4(.

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+ 0 6A /8 (angelus interpres), 0 *4/ @4 0 /& (46). )(, @D-+0? A. .& &?;??&(A(4 5), ((01;DA,>?, 6?6? (4 6). 40(8 =D A, &?0/ (4 10). &/6 48c, W??/((D40, ?(6 1; 48 1,; (. 47 6)88.@D0, ?0W/, ?89. ?&@D&?4=0=& (, 4 . = @D +/,D/ A/, (8 0 @D-+ (?/(0) 4=G10&4, 004DA+D90.

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(6610 10; 18 10). -/08G, 1D, &, 1&/0&, ((; 1;?;?(11 2). * *

85 Johann Michl, op. cit., 222.86 Ibidem.87 Hugo Odeberg ((&8/(/ ovgdoa,j (op. cit.,85).88 Hans Bietenhard, op. cit., 152.89 //(,/1, @D0;((. +A/, (,/ (/0/(), &80?0&;(((D(1; (/0=, ED0;((. CD&0(1 @.90 Hans Bietenhard, op. cit., 156.


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91 C(40: E. Peterson, Engel und Dmonennamen, Nomina barbara, RhMus 75, 1928,404c.92 )(/,#!5, 14, 5.93 Martin Noth, op. cit., 153.94 Johann Michl, op. cit., 228.95 Eric Peterson, op. cit., 393.


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; (3@18 22); A& ((; 3@14 4), 0/(A0(//(3@17 1); .&(;. A 0; (6*? 6 1); @ .;0 G .;04/, 8&, ;&(613);@ A01(3@26 12);V ?.;0, (@8/(1@69 6);V 8.;0, A1(3@14 4);V 0-(3@18 16);V ?, (.;0(3@18 13); H A0;(6*?6 1); H ?0+D/5/(.& ( / +000 (/? 11); H ?, ( .;0(3@18 12); H A=(3@14 4);" A/14/&, (=(1@10 1); .&, ?(/

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; ? G/ (3@ 26 18); (.;0,04(A/(3@18 25); A/140, 8=/97; 0D;(3@185); .&0 8, ? (/ / (/ (D 39); A0/00(1@69 2); A(; g(=?.&, A(4*?5 16); P A08/, (/&50/(.-', .. . 61 5);i0/A008/(3@17 3)... J0(=A/(=D//.

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96 Ibidem, 341.97 )(/,#!5, 14, 8.98 Karl Rahner, Angelologie, LThK 1, Freiburg in B, 1957, 533537.


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(0 /& (?00D D4D 0/ (0 ? ?/A .;& A&. > (?00/ / (0A 0 8 (0/& *D, / *D0 ( / A. > D4/ / (0 /&G10EA.

+A/, ( &, (0040 ?/G/. 7/, A ?0D D /; (/ ? ((&0 . - 0 0 (1G8 4 , 0 /G0?-/&0/. -&0?;? G/ 8 8 ? ? /. )(, A 84, ?(GG0.&, 0,

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99 >(.@, 62, 2 (167 Goodspeed).100 >(.7, PG 91, 1068-1101.101 >(. , .&W2008, 61.


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!

BrdtkHans,DiHndshriftnfundm Ttn Mr, Brlin 1958.Bietenhard Hans, Die himmelische Welt im Urchristentum und Sptjudentum,

Tbingen 1951.Bttrih ,hristian,Ds slvishHnhbuh, Gtrslh 1996.Bousset Wilchelm, Die Religion des judentums im spthellenistischen Zeitalter,

hg. von Hugo Gremann, Tbingen 1926.Hirth Volkmar, Gottes Boten im Alten Testaments. Die alttestamentliche Malak-

Vorstellung unter besonderer Bercksichtigung des Malak-Jahwe-Problems, Berlin 1975.Hunzinger C. H, Gabriel, RGG3, 2, Tbingen 1958.

Hurtado Larry W, One God, One Lord: Early Christian Devotion and AncientJewish Monotheism, Eerdmans 21998.

Junker H, Untersuchungen ber literarische und exegetische Probleme des BuchesDan, Bonn 1932.

Kraus Hans-Joakim, Psalmen, Neukirchen 21961.Lose Eduard, Michael, RGG3, 4, Tbingen 1960.Lueken Wilhelm, Michael, eine Darstellung und Vergleichung der jdischen und

der morgenlndisch-christliche Tradition vom Erzengel Michael, Gttingen 1898.Michl Johann, Engel, BthW I, Graz Wien Kln 1959.Michl Johann, Engel, RAC V,Stuttgart 1962, 53258.Noth Martin, Die israelische Personennamen im Rahmen der gemein-semitischen

Namengebung, Stuttgart 1928.

Odeberg Hugo, 3 Enoch or the Hebrew book of Enoch, Cambridge 1928.Peterson Eric, Engel und Dmonennamen, Nomina barbara, RhMus 75, 1928,393421.

Peterson Eric,Das Buch von den Engeln, Mnchen 21955.Plger Otto,Das buch Daniel, Berlin 1969.Rahner Karl, Angelologie, LThK 1, Freiburg in B, 1957, 533537.Rohling August, ber den Jehovaengel des Alten Testaments, ThQ 48, 1866.Seeba Horst, Engel, TRE IX, BerlinNew York 1982, 583586.Segal 6lan F, Two Powers in Heaven, Leiden 1978.Westermann Claus, Gottes Engel brauchen keine Flgel, Stuttgart 21978.Wnsche August, Aus Israels LehrhallenI: Kleine Midraschim zur spteren

legendarischen Literatur des Alten Testaments, Hildesheim ND 1967.


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Rodoljub Kubat

DIE ANGELOLOGIOSHE VORSELLUNGEN DES SPTJUDAISMUS ALSAUSDRUCK EINES SPEZIFISCHEN THEOLOGISCHEN DISKURSES

Eine Theologie des Bildes

Im vorliegenden Beitag wird die Vorstellung der himmlischen Welt desSptjudaismus in Grundzgen dagelegt. Es wurde darauf hingewisen, dass es um einkomplexes Phnomenon handelt das eine mehrfache und verschiedenartige Entfaltungdurchegamacht hat. Ausser einer allgemeinen Einsicht in die angelologischeVorstellungswelt des Sptjudaismus werden auch die Phnomene wie die Klasifizierung

der Engel angesichts ihres Dienstes analysiert: ein Engel als der Ausleger des WillenGottes, ein Engel als Stellvertreter, ein Engel als Nichtschlafende und die Engel der Ehre.Eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird der Engelorden geschenkt. Das ist ein Thema beidem die Entwicklung der jdischen berlieferung besonders bercksichtigt werden muss.Die Arhengeln werden als ein spezifischer, selbstndiger Orden betrachtet. Dann werdendie Engelnnamen errtet: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Metatron u. a. Nach denarcheologischen Ausghrungen der Schwerpunkt des Beitrages wird in die Sphre dertheologisch-hermeneutischen brelegungen verlagert. In diesem Fall die theologischeAussage findet ihr Ausdruck in einer Theologie der Bilder und Visionen. Auf diese Weisewird das Thema der Ausdruksmglichkieten des theologischen Diskurses erffnert, wobeiseine Bedingungen und Poliphonie deutlich zum Vorschein kommen.

Schlsselworte: Angelologie, Angelologische Vorstellungen, Engel,Monotheismus, Transzedenz, Gott, Vermitller, Sptjudaismus, Engeldienste, himmlische

Welt, Natur, Hierarchie.


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Crkvene studije, Ni{ 5 Church Studies, Nis &2010, %[email protected]

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(( 0 , (A0 8 (=0(?)E*. 1,17. .&, (?)E (*. 1,17), (0D *. 1,14, &0H& ()E)( ( & . 4 0 0 ?? 0A *(?0/?=&? ()?. 34,6), & &.& ?(=,(+00/, /;/ ?8/ , 8/ 0G/4 ??/A+00)E *. 1,17, 0A * (0 0 4&/?(?/=&?.

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4/, D*. 1,17(0=+00 &,0, 4 (0 )?. 19-40. > / D&/ ( ?(1=&?0A01, 0D8; (& )?. 32-34, & (0 &D )?1 ?/ /,+00(4(.&/ ?)?1=D 1.>(/08(*D+00, &.&?,;0(&. //, 0)?. 34,6 )?. 19-40, &(0=+00.&, 000)?. 19-40 0??/A+00)E*. 1,17, *. 1,14.

0 4(1 (A=+00)E 08 *. 1,17? C&0*. 1,17 ?/?(?/)?.34,6. )?? & ( ), 0/ *. 1,17 ?8 / ? (4 ) E, ( /

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8 &/ &8/5. - 8=1, =&?, 0/?(/0(/&8??(00&??. C00&/?80(A,(&, 084 . 0, /A/, 10 D8/0?/,?;0/(/0(,(&(*. 2,9; ,D7,33; 40,17), 00??(,6. -08 8=)?. 34,6 0A * *. 1,17, 0 (0 ?8 0 0A ( 00 &/ 00&, (/,(&7. 80&08=1080A**. 1,17 ?0?,(&, &(()?. 34,6 ?? !, 0 / 08/;

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60A * 00& ( &/ ? )?.34,6, 1=(;=)?. 34,6 0?/=*. 1,17, =& / ? 4 (0 8&. C(0 )E 1 /&0/ 0/ )?. 34,6 (+) (0 / .& +00 ?D, 0A * / G G0)E *D/ ?D = +008. C/ ((/ 0A *0=D&1??/A+00)E9. )E0 (0 +00 (*. 1,17) 0 .& +00 (F&/0= )?. 34,6. *A * (A0 +00 /&/ 8/, // .&/ )/ E/, 0 0 ?/8/,&?((. *. 12,41).

5 3: C. H. Dodd, The Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel, Cambridge University Press,Cambridge 1970, 175.6 C10004(0&/(/,&?&8/, 4,/D-(. 3(400/: A. Hanson, John I,14-18 andExodus XXXIV,New Testament Studies23 (1977), 92-93.7 3: R. E. Brown, The Gospel according to John (I-XII), The Anchor Bible 29A, Doubleday,Garden City, New York 1966, 14; B. Lindars, The Fourth Gospel, Marshall, Morgan & Scott, London1972, 95.8 3: L. Kuyper, Grace and Truth, Interpretation 18 (1964), 14; [. \ZSU%, Jesus asYahwe of the Old Testament Epiphanies: Aspects of Jesus Divinity in the Fourth Gospel, `26+B5c1j61)d,k262+d,21-22 (2002-2003), 56-57.9 C ( 0 (& /0/ ;8/ & *&0A, 0*. 1,17 , 8(?/. /4=/=8: R. Schnackenburg,Das Johannesevangelium (1-4), Freiburg 1965, 253; B.Lindars, , 97-98; D. A. Carson, The Gospel according to John, Eerdmans, GrandRapids, Michigan 1991, 133-134; S. Ringe, Wisdoms Friends, Westminster John Knox Press,Louisville, Kentucky 1999, 52. C D =D, 0?/0 /8= *. 1,17, 0 &(0=4?(=?/A+00)E, ??(/8&Daniel- Boyarin-. C, /, /0 = (-) +00(D, (4 (40 (& H& 4 /A / .;0. 400((40((, 0((/H&, /4&/88)E. 340?.0: D.Boyarin, The Gospel of Memra: Jewish Binitarianism and the Prologue of John, HarvardTheological Revue94 (2001), 280.


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=??/A+00)ED)?.34,6, ?(=0/FD/(4/,/ ?(1 ??/A+00)E D??/A & ( ). C, /A/, ( 8 (4 / ((. /. 6,14-15; @G. 2,7-8). 8 ? 8& 0 0A*?/0?(=??/A+00 ) E D )?. 34,6 , ? & &8&, ?(??/A(-) &10.

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10 3: . ]K$SN$^OU%, 8*l650: \5GE0 /+. D2565FB* +5=, ]$#S$_ ]$#S$T_U 31, !^,`NKKS"U 2004, 310. /4=(/(?0(1*. 1,17: W. Meeks, Prophet-King, Leiden 1967, 288.11 )D*. 1,18 (/;=&8, ;/(////0(08=.& &, *. 1,18. 34/ / (/ : B. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek NewTestament, United Bible Societies, London-New York 1971, 198; R. E. Brown, , 17.>/80, 0(8=.&, 0?/lectio difficilior, =0H&()E) .&0(&*&jA, =&///(8(*. 1,1-2).12 3: E. Haenchen, A Commentary on the Gospel of John: Chapters 1-6, Hermeneia, FortressPress, Philadelphia 1984, 121-122; W. G. Kuemmel, Theology of the New Testament, SCM Press,London 1976, 270.


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13 3: E. Haenchen, Probleme des johanneischen Prologs,Zeitschrift fuer Theologie und Kirche60 (1963), 324.


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0D1010G1=&?, 8/(08&00 D G10 & *&0A(10=& ? &4 ( H& ) E +00/. H&0 & ( / *D, 0 =? ?0+000=,0)?1/. //, (H& ) E +00/ & D, ( &, (*D+00/, /0=??, 00&)E(*D=&?.


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!

Barrett C. K.,The Gospel of John and Judaism, SPCK, London 1975.Boyarin D., The Gospel of Memra: Jewish Binitarianism and the Prologue of

John,Harvard Theological Revue94 (2001), 243-284.Brown R. E., The Gospel according to John (I-XII), The Anchor Bible 29A,

Doubleday, Garden City, New York 1966.Bultmann R.,Das Evangelium nach Johannes, Goettingen 1953.]K$SN$^OU% ., 8*l650: \5GE0 /+. D2565FB* +5=, ]$#S$_ ]$#S$T_U 31,

!^, `NKKS"U2004.Dodd C. H.,The Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel, Cambridge University Press,

Cambridge 1970.\ZSU%[., Jesus as Yahwe of the Old Testament Epiphanies: Aspects ofJesus Divinity in the Fourth Gospel,`26+B5c1j61)d,k262+d,21-22 (2002-2003), 55-66.

Carson D. A., The Gospel according to John, Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Michigan1991.

Keil C. F.Delitzsch F., Commentary on the Old Testament in 10 Volumes: ThePentateuch (Volume One), Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Michigan 1988.

Coffman J. B., Commentary on Exodus, Abilene Christian University Press,Abilene, Texas 1985.

Kuemmel W. G.,Theology of the New Testament, SCM Press, London 1976.Kuyper L., Grace and Truth,Interpretation18 (1964), 3-19.Lindars B, The Fourth Gospel, Marshall, Morgan & Scott, London 1972.Meeks W., Prophet-King, Leiden 1967.

Metzger B., A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, United BibleSocieties, LondonNew York 1971.Mueller C. G., Der Zeuge und das Licht: Joh. 1,1-4,3 und das Darstellungsprinzip

der sygkrisis,Biblica84 (2003), 479-509.(*.,!$%&$, .&1987.Rawlinson G.,Exodus, Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Michigan 1950.Ringe S., Wisdoms Friends, Westminster John Knox Press, Louisville, Kentucky

1999.-/+.,?, .&62000.-/)., , .&2006.Haenchen E., A Commentary on the Gospel of John: Chapters 1-6, Hermeneia,

Fortress Press, Philadelphia 1984.Haenchen E., Probleme des johanneischen Prologs, Zeitschrift fuer Theologie

und Kirche60 (1963), 305-334.Hanson A., John I,14-18 and Exodus XXXIV, New Testament Studies 23(1977), 90-101.

Hyatt J. P., Exodus, The New Century Bible Commentary, Eerdmans, GrandRapids, Michigan/ Marshall, Morgan & Scott, London 1983.

Childs B., The Book of Exodus, The Westminster Press, Philadelphia 1974.Schnackenburg R.,Das Johannesevangelium (1-4), Freiburg 1965.


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Darko Krsti:

USING OF THE BOOK OF EXODUS IN THE PROLOGUE OF THE GOSPEL OFJOHN AS THE FRAME FOR PROVING THE SUPERIORITY OF

JESUS CHRIST OVER MOSES

When speaking about theological or conceptual background of the Prologue of theFourth Gospel it is not enough to focus only on the origin of certain notions (for examplethe much disputed notion of Logos), but we are entitled to search for broader narrativeframe for the text, especially for a scriptural frame of the story. For any convincingtheological understanding of the Prologue we must take into consideration many

associations and extensive usage of the Book of Exodus narrative in Jn. 1,1-18, since thisintertextual reading of the Prologue in light of the Book of Exodus becomes a very efficientmeans for the Evangelist to present, in scriptural terms, the absolute superiority of JesusChrist as compared to Moses.

Key words: The Book of Exodus, The Prologue of the Gospel of John, Moses,antithesis, superiority, intertextuality, Logos, vision of God.


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5 #S. Walter Bauer, Griechisch-Deutsches Wrterbuch zu den Schriften des Neuen Testaments undder frhchristlichen Literatur, Kurt Aland - Barbara Aland (NO.), Berlin/New York 61988, 104.6 Leonel Casson,Reisen in der Alten Welt, Mnchen 1974, 217. #S. Martin Dibelius, The Acts ofthe Apostles as an Historical Source, Heinrich Greeven (NO.), Studies in the Acts of the Apostles,SCM London 1956, 104: It must certainly be assumed that Luke had available as a source for Paulsjourneys an intinerary of the stations on the journey, for he mentions even unimportant stations. sS$K"UaNSN"NV"NKU, $O$"NUmS$S", NLUqN!KS_Mr!^%R"lN$aShS^. t% a% TM !Z a#S. Martin Hengel, Der Historiker Lukas und die GeographiePalstinas in der Apg, ZDPV99 (1983), 147183.7 #S. Hans Conzelmann,Die Apostelgeschichte, HNT 7, Mohr Siebeck, Tbingen 21972, 26NV.8 #S. Gerd Theissen,Das Neue Testament, 77.9 f$N$KR_KUN!!TM%aKgN$Eckhard Plmacher,Apostolische Missionsreiseund statthalterliche Assisetour. Eine Interpretation von Acta Iohannis c. 37.45 und 55, ZNW 85(1994), 212. \SK$_N"$UâPU!Ernst Haenchen,Die Apostelgeschichte, KEK 3, Gttingen161977, 472NV., a"% NVUN" UMN"%-NO^g$ R%hg% ! r!^, als ein Stilmittel vongewaltiger Kraft. ]S. Na"KU% Ka!O" MNSU ! Jrgen Wehnert, Die Wir-Passagen derApostelgeschichte: ein lukanisches Stilmittel aus jdicher Tradition, Vandenoeck & Ruprecht,Gttingen 1989.10 #S. C. Kingsley Barrett, Paul Shipwrecked, Barry P. Thompson (NO.), Scripture: Meaning andMethod, FS A. T. Hanson, Hull 1987, 52-56 Stanley E. Porter, Excursus: The We Passages, DavidW. J. Gill Conrad Gempf (NO.), The Book of Acts in its First Century Setting II: Graeco-RomanSetting, Paternoster, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans and Carlisle 1994, 545574 Dietrich-Alex Koch,Kollektenbericht, Wir-Bericht und Itinerar. Neue berlegungen zu einem alten Problem, NTS 45(1999), 367390.11 #S. a. Q. Udo Schnelle, Einleitung, 311 (NN"KQN$_#$#S$g"): so bleibt unerklrlich,warum der auf die Seriositt seiner Tradition bedachte Lukas (vgl. Lk 1, 34), seineAugenzeugenschaft bei eher nebenschlichen Details, nicht aber bei den entscheidenden Stationen der


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avlla. lh,myesqe du,namin evpelqo,ntoj tou/ a`gi,ou pneu,matoj evfV u`ma/j kai.e;sesqe, mou ma,rturej e;n te VIerousalh.m kai. evn pa,sh| th/| VIoudai,a| kai. Samarei,a|kai. e[wj evsca,tou th/j gh/j

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eivj pa,nta ta. e;qnh avrxa,menoi avpo. VIerousalh.m u`mei/j ma,rturej tou,twn kai.ivdou. evgw. avposte,llw th.n evpaggeli,an tou/ patro,j mou evfV u`ma/j\ u`mei/j de.kaqi,sate evn th/| po,lei e[wj ou- evndu,shsqe evx u[youj du,namin

uU aNS" !_ gUN"$ r!^% K NZ% U% NUK_%(V2, 147), ZK!NLTUKUqN!KS_M$^TRa$aZaZ%T!%R!aZR!L $^!KK$%O$%!%SLKKN%_!MRaKZSR(2, 513). yK$ $ aZKS$ _!V N$% a^ TU KU qN!KS_M (r 24,47NV.).

urchristlichen Missionsgeschichte ins Spiel brachte. d"$ NZ% Z$ UMN"% NO^g$aN$^g!SNaMNL%â$KQN$^K_MK!M#^$ ON #"K!MN NN"Za!TaN$MMN, OUSO_KNâ$a$KUM$^KUMN"U%$K"%!r!^. \ÛLMUM!r!^%^gN$ UMN"% NO^g$ MZ NN"Za! "O$%a^M$_aL. e$#L%!ZON"QN$ U K#ZU $ U $N$MN$ZU^ !. oa U% !TN$ZU% R UMN"% NOgL a#S. Claus Jrgen Thornton, Der Zeuge des Zeugen. Lukas als Historiker derPaulusreisen, WUNT 56, Mohr Siebeck, Tbingen 1991, 341: Lukas, der Mitarbeiter des Paulus,kann an den drei Reisen, die er in WirForm erzhlt, durchaus teilgenommen haben; in c. 16, 20f undvielleicht auch in c. 27f konnte er mglicherweise Quellen bentzen, die er selbst oder ein andererReiseteilnehmer angefertigt hat.12 #S. K!MaN^KM!Arthur D. Nock, The Book of Acts, "O$%, Essays of Religion an theAncient World II, Oxford 1972, 823827.


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hS! KU kLMU aNSN" !QZR% $ U aMa"UKU U% $NaKS$_%NVNS"% aZ V 1, 8 ON MaN" NMU$RTN" NaL%. uU TKU !_!aKU"lN$a. Q. P. Pokorn a"%^gN$NV_%: Mit der Reise (KUkLMU, . i.)ist der Auftrag der Kirche in Erfllung gegangen, den sie nach Act. 1, 8 von demauferstandenen Herrn empfangen hat. Das Evangelium ist nach Rom und das Ende derErde, d. h. ins Zentrum des heidnischen Imperiums gelangt.14uZ$UTKU!_ ONKN$MaN"aON$QTN"aZO!aKN"KN$%U%g_UKU%:

) `1*A35,1)7 435/EFF1/.. iN_a O!ZUkLMUaNSN" $ r!^ KQU%U%. m$MgRM^TRa!Q"!ZKM!UaZSUkLMUMahKNN"$MZ+5)E,+35, KNM"aN"aRKUZMR%$S%U%U%.e!Z NZ%N"$S^M!UMKN"MN$ !%Q^N% RK!gR$RNa$KUMZRU%Q$ZU%, a. Q. KN"MNDe chronographia!PomponiusMela _Z1)5=GE,.042317F./10!i$!K"!eSNVO$h. b$a_N%U%NaQ_%NN"U%

M!h O$Mg$K#_U Z$ U aZSU kLMU ON aNShKN S% U% U%.15 b

13 b Z% gh/ N"$ auf die Gesamtheit des festen Landes eingeschrnkt, dass als einheitlicheLndermasse, vom Meere umgeben oder auf ihm ruhend (Hermann Sasse, F.)+6., ThWNT I, 677).#S. Na"KU%ZM$V17, 24 a! gh/kai.ouvrano,j N"$MUU%"KU%(ZKM%).14 Petr Pokorn,Die Romfahrt des Paulus und der antike Roman, ZNW 64 (1973), 233.c6. 24B/.05Bm150, bis an das Ende der Erde. Ein Beitrag zum Thema Sammlung Israels und christlicheMission bei Lukas, "O$%/Josef B. Sou


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2. s l_UKU U% aÛKU% K ONhN NLUM aSN" $KMN%O!KS"N% KN ^TN aKN$Z LKU R839:2;,. cU Q_ U% g_UKU% r!^% "lN$ U $NaKS_ K aSN$K$Z T_ R OLON (= ON)aKZSR (1, 4.8) aKT%KUK!QN$ $M$ O$N!"$KUR% a% l_UMa$%MaN"N"$aZKS% (1, 2122). br!^%ZMR%ONShTUKNaN$RUaTUKU!_, ghgN$Z$$$^SS$^! $NaKS$Z(a#S.a. Q. 8, 4NV.). d"$ ag% Z$ KU aN"aRKU !hS!!a^QN$ M$ O!KQN$:gNZ%, hS%ON_N$K!%OLON$K!NaL%ONQN$"SaZKS%,

OUSO_ ON a"N$ M% KU NVNS" 1, 816

, $ gN! "O$% r!^% a!K$^lN$ KU aN" U% g_UKU% K a$ Na$!Q_ $NaZKS KU Q"NSUK". b r!^% aRKO_aN ^N$ MN^SU aKa^TN$ M$Ma$_KN$ $V$LKN$hS: N$%g%O$UN"$US_KU!aZ`NZ, NLO!g% M^lN$ aZKS (14, 4.14), M$ NV_UKU "KR% N"$ U Q_KU aZ r!^â$RaUL(aZUe$ZQN$;) Za!hS%SN$aZKS%.17

bP. Pokorn Na$QN$N"aKgN$M$ShKUKaZ#SUM!ZNVUL%Z$hS%a"%ONK!MMNN"QNKUNVNS"V. 1, 8 S#NM$, aKRa$_

bekanntlich das geographisch vergleichsweise zentral gelegene Rom als urbs die Stadt schlechthin,andere Stdte hiessen oppidium, um den kategorialen Abstand deutlich zu machen. ]S. Na"KU%Willem-Cornelis van Unnik, Der Ausdruck E;0 2/A9+5= +.0 F.0 (Apostelgeschichte I 8) und seinalttestamentlicher Hintergrund, K: Sparsa Collecta1 (NT. S 29), Brill: Leiden 1973, 386401, a"%, NN!L%aS$O$TU$Z!aZ#TU%gKU%R%NKQ^!U%U% (sK5, 26;qN6, 22; sK46, 11 $49, 6) TNRN"Z$r!^%â^Ka$TZUONQN$!azZP$!UkLMU, $O$"NNaN$O_r24, 27 NVSSN$U$NaKS_$ZS!%!%Sh%.16 #S. Johannes Weiss,p31/+1*,1/G-0, 406.17 #S. Jrgen Roloff,Die Kirche im Neuen Testament, NTD Ergnzungsreihe 10, Vandenhoeck &Ruprecht, Gttingen 1993, 190 Christoph Burchard, Der dreizehnte Zeuge. Traditions- undkompositionsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen zu Lukas Darstellung der Frhzeit des Paulus , FRLANT103, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Gttingen 1970, 173NV. f$^SSUNV_UKUO"N$Gerd Theissen,Die Entstehung des Neuen Testaments als literatur-geschichtliches Problem, Philosophisch-historische Klasse der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Universittsverlag Winter,Heidelberg 2007, 152: Die beiden Ausnahmen lassen sich erklren: In Apg 14, 4 und 14, 14 werdenPaulus und Barnabas Apostel genannt wohl um gerade in dieser Erzhlung zu betonen, dass sienicht Gtter sind, wie das Volk von Lystra glaubt, sondern nur Abgesandte einer Gottheit.


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NS_KUQR"V. 13, 47: Paulus, der in Act 1, 8 nicht zu dem Apostelkreis gehrthat, bekommt in 13, 47 noch einmal den Auftrag, das Ende der Erde zu erreichen und amEnde des Buches (28, 16 31) muss die schon bestehende christliche Gemeinde in Rom in

den Hintergrund treten.18\$!_UTKU!Pokorny ONMaN"VN$KN$$_.e%OhMNaLA;31- )621mBKU83*:13, 47:

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) uNO^g$V13,47, ZaR%N"$RKZaaMaN$KsK49, 6:

kai. ei=pe,n moi me,ga soi, evstin tou/ klhqh/nai, se pai/da, mou tou/ sth/sai ta.jfula.j Iakwb kai. th.n diaspora.n tou/ Israhl evpistre,yai ivdou. te,qeika, se eivj diaqh,khnge,nouj eivj fw/j evqnw/n tou/ ei=nai, se eivj swthri,an e[wj evsca,tou th/j gh/j.

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18 Petr Pokorn,Romfahrt, 233.19 yK$ Jacob Kremer, Weltweites Zeugnis fr Christus in der Kraft des Geistes. Zur lukanischenSicht der Mission, \arl Kertelge (NO.), Mission im Neuen Testament, QD 93, Herder, FreiburgBaselWien 1982, 151. #S. Na"KU%!aKUMN"RKU14.20 #S. Ferdinand Hahn, Das Verstndnis der Mission im Neuen Testament, WMANT 13,Neukirchen-Vluyn 1963, 117: Mit einem khnen Griff hat Lukas den Heidenmissionar Paulus somitfr seine eigene Epoche in Anspruch genommen und in ihm das grosse Vorbild fr die missionarischeWirksamkeit der Kirche gesehen. Die Apostel haben zwar die Mission in Angriff genommen und ihrden entscheidenden Weg gewiesen, Paulus aber hat gezeigt, wie der Missionsauftrag vollstreckt undan sein Ziel gebracht werden kann.21 d^$ROtfried Hofius,Die Einzigartigkeit der Apostel Jesu Christi, K:`1*)5,B*.>21+5=3FB*.p931/G*. 8*+231)7 )*1 /lFA35,. 23G.,2B* +.0]*1,70`1*D7).0. \1G.+1)-0 +-G504350 +5,5G-+1G5)*D.F.+7+5=8*,241/+.GB5=


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!

Barrett, C. Kingsley Paul Shipwrecked, Barry P. Thompson (NO.), Scripture:Meaning and Method, FS A. T. Hanson, Hull 1987, 5256.

Bauer, Walter, Griechisch-Deutsches Wrterbuch zu den Schriften des NeuenTestaments und der frhchristlichen Literatur, Kurt Aland - Barbara Aland (NO.),Berlin/New York 61988.

Burchard, Christoph, Der dreizehnte Zeuge. Traditions- undkompositionsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen zu Lukas Darstellung der Frhzeit des Paulus ,FRLANT 103, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Gttingen 1970.

Casson, Leonel,Reisen in der Alten Welt, Mnchen 1974.

Conzelmann, Hans, Die Apostelgeschichte, HNT 7, Mohr Siebeck, Tbingen21972.Dibelius, Martin, The Acts of the Apostles as an Historical Source, Heinrich

Greeven (NO.), Studies in the Acts of the Apostles, SCM London 1956, 102108.Haenchen, Ernst,Die Apostelgeschichte, KEK 3, Gttingen 161977.Hahn, Ferdinand,Das Verstndnis der Mission im Neuen Testament, WMANT 13,

Neukirchen-Vluyn 1963.Hengel, Martin,Der Historiker Lukas und die Geographie Palstinas in der Apg,

ZDPV99 (1983), 147183.Hofius, Otfried, Die Einzigartigkeit der Apostel Jesu Christi, K: `1*)5,B*.

>21+5=3FB*. p931/G*. 8*+231)7 )*1 /lFA35,. 23G.,2B* +.0]*1,70`1*D7).0. \1G.+1)-0+-G504350+5,5G-+1G5)*D.F.+7+5=8*,241/+.GB5=


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Porter, Stanley E., Excursus: The We Passages, David W. J. Gill

maximus the confessor on freedom

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