may 1992 - arves · 1. the essential indication (of a com-puter source) c was omitted. 2. lewis...

No. 102 - (Vol. VI)Part 2

MAY 1992

NAMES AND NUMBERS

The question how many composersare represented in EG's pages iseasily asked but less easily answered.For example, are Komai and Comaytwo composers or one? Someaccount of EG's spelling of names,possible because one person has beenresponsible for a quarter of a century(a situation which may never recur)may therefore be useful. The princi-ple we consciously tried to follow isto repeat the native spelling wherepossible, and otherwise to approxi-mate in educated English to the pro-nunciation while bearing in mindboth traditional spellings and thepresence of a majority of non-English readers of EG. We have lear-ned 'on the job' and have tried to beconsistent. Of course we failed. Alp-habets, syllable stress patterns(including their absence), pseudo-similarities, strange diacritics, andlinguistic ignorance have all contri-buted to our failure. A challengewhich thankfully I never encounte-red was the spelling of the name of aChinese composer, because up tonow there have been none. My suc-cessors will, I hope, have to sort thatout!

Comay (preferred) = Komai,KomayCosteff (preferred) = KosteffGalushko = Goloshko, etc. (Volgo-grad composer)Garayazli supersedes earlier varia-tions

Janosi (now preferred) = IanosiJoitsa = JoitaKondratev (preferred) = Kondra-tiev, KondratyevOlympiev = OlimpievKozirev = KozyrevPogosyants (preferred) = Pogos-jantsSenkus is correct (Syankus, Sekusoccur in other sources)

MISCELLANY

Genrikh Kasparyan is the father ofSergei Kasparyan. Likewise there arefather and son Manyakhin. Theseveral Kuznetsov's and Ivanov/Iwanow's must be kept apart. Thereis a second contemporary Polishcomposer named Andrzej Lewan-dowski in addition to the well knownmaster from Torun. Gul(y)a(y)evand Grin are one and the same. Afekwas Kopelovich. Carvajal Aliaga(EG36.2040) is the Carvajal ofEG89.6586, while for similar Hispa-nic reasons Javier Rodriguez isJ.R.Ibran. Benko and Benko areinterchangeable, but Benno is not.Belyavsky and Gurgenidze the sovietcomposers are not the soviet otbIGMs. There are (or have been) seve-ral Kovalenko's, two Vlasenko's andNovikov's, while the New ZealanderEmil Melnichenko must not be con-fused with soviet namesakes. Gher-man Umnov is not the late EvgenyUmnov, while EG89.6580 is by athird Umnov.Quite apart from the foregoing are

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typos, that is, typographical orproof-correcting errors. On balancethe spelling in a solution is morereliable than that above a diagram.For example 'Blinka' (EG96.7279),'Plinka' (EG94 p452) and 'Mlinka'(EG92.6822) are all to be interpretedas Hlinka. These may be 'obvious'corrections, at least to regular rea-ders, but human history and com-mon experience attest that theobvious is often wrong.

Magazines may also confuse. FromSlovakia come PAT A MAT (Brati-slava) and MAT-PAT (Martin), bothof them composition magazines. Itdoes not help that the former's dis-tinguishing motif comprises a 5-let-ter monogram, namely a verticalMAT crossing a horizontal PAT. Ifpossible, one looks to see how amagazine refers to itself.

TWO RUSSIAN ENIGMASWhy did the Russians apparentlynever use their own alphabet todenote the chessboard files? Theirvery first chess books (by Ivan Butri-mov in 1821 and Alexander Petrov in1824) adopted the western a-h sys-tem. This is surely all the odder,given that the Russian alphabet hasno letter 'h' - whence Gitler, Gerb-stman, Giskot for Hitler, Herbstmanand Heathcote. Subsequently theusage was adopted by the first chessmagazine Shakhmatny listok (editedby Viktor Mikhailov from 1859 to1863, and by Mikhail Chigori n from1876 to 1891) and it has never wave-red. The chess historian Dr IsaacLinder of Moscow (in a letter of16iv90) has kindly traced the fore-going basic facts. So we know someof the who, what, where and when.We still want to know why! There iseven the question of the extent towhich the Russian alphabet was ever

used in print or in the hand recordingof positions and game scores. Thepractice is a great convenience forwesterners, but western ease of use isnot likely to have been the reason forits adoption! One reasonable possi-bility is that the impetus was techno-logical rather than caissic, a conse-quence, maybe, of the import ofready-made chess diagram printingtechniques from, say, Germany - onethinks of the very old tradition ofletters along the bottom and top ofthe board and numbers down thesides.Russian took over 'mittelspieF fromGerman, but 'debyut' from French.Now 'etyud' is French, and again wewant to know why - as well as thebasic facts.As one starting-point there is theremarkable fact that the Russian dic-tionary Dal' of the year 1902 includesthe chess meaning of'etyud', while even the largest wes-tern dictionaries we have consultedstill do not today. Dr Linder helpswith facts relating to the first Rus-sians who can be called study com-posers: A.Petrov, Karl A.Jaenischand Ilya Shuwmov. Decouvertes sur lecavalier (Jaenisch) appeared inFrench in St Petersburg in 1837, andthe same author published studies inhis chess column in Sankt Peter-burgskie vedemosti in 1856. Shumovcomposed studies in the 1860's, someof them published in La Strategie inFrance. It has yet to be shown, howe-ver, that the word etyud was appliedunambiguously in any of these ins-tances.Preliminary research has taken usjust this far. Clearly here is just thesubject for a thesis by some diligentresearcher with linguistic skills andthe funds to commute between theDutch Royal Library in the Hagueand the two major libraries of theUSSR (the Lenin Library in Moscowand the Saltykov-Schedrin Libraryin St. Petersburg). We are serious.

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ERRATA: a postscript toEG702./(pp933-935)EG 32.1851 composer is V.N.DolgovEG 93: the article by Arkady Khait(pp437-440)KH1 alc7 1036.11 c4c5a4g3.g43/5-=.KH10 bPe3 (not bPe2)KH12 2.bSd6KH15h8a6 3012 f5h5a2c8 4/2 = .KH201.cSe2+.KH21 G.A.Nadareishvilic6a8 3002 f4a6d6 3/2=.l.Sc7 + Ka7 2.cSb5 + /i Ka6 3.Sc7 +Ka5 4.Sb7 + Ka4 5.Sc5+ Ka36.Sb5 + Ka2 7.Sc3 + Kal 8.S5a4(Sb3 + ? Kb2;) Qe5 9.Kb6 Qd6 +10.Kb5 draw.i) 2.dSb5 + ? Kb8 3.Sa6 + Kc84.Sd6 + Kd8wins.KH29 hlal 0016.21 h2c2f3.b6g5b34/4+.KH30 5.fSd6.

EG 102.1 The GBR class 0116 end-game' (pp865-866)

1. The essential indication (of a com-puter source) *C* was omitted.2. Lewis B.Stiller, a 25-year-old gra-duate of Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore, was greatly assisted byNoam Elkies of the Department ofMathematics, Harvard University.Our apologies to both gentlemen forthis omission. The CM-2 Connec-tion Machine was located at LosAlamos and used remotely. Stillerand Elkies have not yet actually metface-to-face! [Thinking MachinesCorporation have recently announ-ced a CM-5!!]3. A short article in the November1991 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN hasled to spin-off newspaper publicityincluding a front-page item in theLonden TIMES (30x91) headed 'Atlast - white to win in 100 billionmoves'.

EG102.1p859 The Troitzky 3rd Prize diagram(d6/gl) should have wPe5 (notwPe6), and the applicable solutionsays 'second', despite being printedas third on the page.p874 col.l read: The book is inEnglish so the content is more acces-sible than the Russian ' A-Z' reviewedabove, though whether the volume ismore accessible is an interestingquestion: the Russian edition sizecontrasts with the few hundred of theDutch.p935 col.2 (top) read: EG97.9394 ....W also wins if dark wB can be exc-hanged with check, allowing g2-g3,when wK marches to h6 to win easily.

SNIPPETS1. A posthumous paper by Selmanon reciprocal stalemate has been edi-ted by Jan van Reek and published(in English) in the ARVES series.2. A long and wonderful collectionof Jan Marwitz' studies has appea-red in the ARVES series. They aredeeply commented and annotated bythe composer himself. In Dutch.3. Jan van Reek's comprehensiveHistory of Study Composition in theNetherlands has been completed,sponsors have been found, andpublication is imminent. This is inEnglish.

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4. The composer of EG 97.7391 is asenior Argentinian otb master.5. *C* Ken Thompson's BELLE (acomplex amalgam of computerhardware and software) succesfullysolved 9 out of 10 studies in the EG 63article (1981).6. For the record. Volume I of EG(EG 1-16) consisted of 524 pages.Volume VI (EG 83-102) has nearly athousand.7. A consolidated index to EG 1-102is not ruled out, but it is not a com-mitment, least of all by AJR.8. For the record, Volume I of EG (ie,EG1-16) consisted of 524 pages.Volume VI (EG83-102.2) has nearly athousand.9. A book 'A to Z of Studies' iscontracted for publication. As thepublisher is Maxwell Macmillan, wemust keep our fingers crossed.Author/compiler: AJR.10. EG 103 and EG 104 should bewith subscribers before EG 102.2.Most awards were prepared by AJR,diagrams prepared by Bas de Heer,and everything else done by Stakha-novite (if one may still use the wordas a comp. lent) stand-in editor Janvan Reek. Full steam ahead!11. Theo van Spijk. EG's printersince EG 3, had af four-fold heartbypass operation in Aug. '91, aftertwo heart attacks while on holidaywith his family in Spain. Aged 58,Theo is recovering well. Our sym-pathy and support reach out to him,to his wife Diny and his son Pascal.12. *C* All of Henri Rinck's claimsto have discovered new draws(not based on the Lolli position) inthe GBR class 1060 are erroneous.(See '1414' passim.)13. Judged by Gh.Umnov, the 10thindividual championship of 'Russia'(ie, the Russian Federation, orRSFSR) was won by A.Maksimovs-kikh with 38 points ahead of V.Kozi-rev, also 38. Next in order: Kopnin,Anufriev, Gromov, Rumyantsev,

Makletsov, Arestov, Osintsev, Rya-binin, Malyshev, Migunov, Seliva-nov and Sidorov. These placings inthe last-ever such soviet champion-ship are 'final'.14. Shakhmatny Bulletin is nowreplaced by Ekspress-Shakhmaty;Ceskoslovensky Sach has breathedits last, no doubt to be replaced.15. Computer specialist AlekseySochniev is now working in SouthAfrica, probably temporarily.16. The British Chess FederationYear Book 1991-92 (in general a uni-que mine of facts about the contem-porary British chess scene) reportson the 1990 Benidorm PCCC andWCSC meeting, but re-locates thewhole event to Basildon (a smalltown in the county of Essex)!!! In1992 Britain is supposed to knowabout Europe!

XXXIV PCCC Meeting (WCSC,etc.) Rotterdam 3-10.8 '91.- studies-related report -1. New holder of title of FIDE judge:Vladimir Kos (Czechoslovakia).2. A new applicant for the title ofFIDE judge must now submit sixawards, two made outside his home-land.3. Studies Sub-Committee3.1 Study EG92.6858 was chosen (by the abovesub-committee using a system of

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votes) as 'study of the year' for 1986,just as one of its composers, Maksi-movskikh (the other was Dolgov),won the soviet championship - as ithappens, the very last one! At thePCCC banquet the soviet solvingteam expressed shock at this award,alleging the study to be known to beunsound. [Comment: not only hadnobody told us , but the Georgiansclearly were unaware likewise. Typi-cal poor communication, which wemust work in this new world of theCommonwealth of IndependentStates to improve!] The study (1st Pr,Troitzky '120' MT) is not included inthe recent book selecting Maksi-movskikh's best studies.

a7al0440.12g2h6fla4.f6d6h7 4/5 + . I.f7 Rf62.Bc4 Bb5 (else Ra2 +) 3.Bb3/i Bd3/ii 4.Rg8 Bc2 5.Be6 Bf5 6.Rgl + Bbl(Kb2; Rfl) 7.Kb6/iii Kb2 8.Rg8 Bf59.Rg2 + /iv Bc2 10.Kc7 Kc3 ll.Rg8Bf5 12.Rg3 + Bd3 13.Kxd6 wins, i)3.Rgl + ? Kb2 4.Rfl Rxf7 + draws,ii) For Bg6. If d5 4.Bxd5 Bc65.Ra2 + and 6.Ra6. hi) See (iv). Asregards the alleged flaw, ColinCrouch (at the i92 CESC) proposed7.Bc4, threatening 8.Rfl, when d58.Bxd5, seems forced and the gran-diose artistic intention may well beno more than a mirage. But weremain unsure, iv) With wKb7, nowKc3 10.Rf2? Be4+. With wKb8,now Kc3 10.Rf2 Bxe6 ll.Rxf6 Bxf712.Rxf7d5, drawing.3.2 A procedure for voting for astudy for the year 1988 waw agreed.3.3 A set of guidelines for organisingformal international study tourneyswas adopted as a discussion docu-ment.4. Among the mini-lectures deliveredto an ARVES get-together held in acaf some distance from the InntelHotel (PCCC venue), and attendedby nearly 50 enthusiasts, IGM John

Nunn demonstrated how he hasextracted studies from 5-man data-bases (using a ChessBase interface).The very interesting questions are:who/what has composed them, howought they to be described, and howshould judges treat them if enteredfor a tourney (this is happening!)?5. The Match: USSR vs. Rot W stillhangs fire. The Moscow and Tbilisijudges have so far failed to submittheir ranking lists while the Londonjudges (Nunn and Roycroft) did so inJune 1991.6. WCSC. After the studies solvinground was complete it was foundthat all three studies were defective.The round was then cancelled andthe championship (convincingly wonby the USSR) decided on problem-solving alone.7. The FIDE Album 1983-85 shouldbe out 'any day now'. Just like EG.8. No one from ARVES was presentat Rotterdam to accept EG subscrip-tions for 1992, etc. We trust that thispublic relations disaster will not berepeated at any future PCCC mee-ting.9. The XXXV PCCC meeting will beheld in Bonn (Germany)22-29VIII92.

Roll of Honour

+ Norman LITTLEWOODEngeland 311 33-29v89 The versatilecomposer member of the Littlewoodchess clan, but also a formidablechallenger for the British Cham-pionship.+ Gia Anton NADAREISHVILIGeorgia 221X21-3x91. At least he hasbeen spared the sight of his landbeing torn apart.

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+ Gregor GRZEBAN (Bagdasarian)Poland 28 VIII02-21x91. Veteran ofPiran 1958 4- Osmo Ilmari KAILAFinland llvl6-3 VII91 + AlekseyGrigorevich KOPNIN Russia 17 XII18-17 VI 91 A remarkably prolific,tenacious and inventive sovietcomposer-analyst living in highlypolluted Chelyabinsk, Kopnin willbe sorely missed.EG's pages have seen many of hisstudies, and four significant articles.See EG 58 on Alternating Blockade;EG 70 on GBR class 0107; EG 74 onGBR class 0134; and EG 88 on GBRclass 0310.01.

OK: 22i92 AJRQN vs RR max win in 153 (per Elkiesxi91)

*C* GBR class 1601 - the longest win.

Another 6-man endgame, withclaims to being the strangest yet. Atseveral points both attacker anddefender indulge in what looks liketempo-play! This output is due yetagain to Lewis Stiller and NoamElkies working on aThe Connection Machine.

c6cl 1601 h2a6f4h7 3/3 WTM (incheck).

LKc6-d5 Ra6-a5+ 2.Kd5-e6 Rf4-e4+ 3.Ke6-f7 Ra5-a7+ 4.Kf7-g6Ra7-a6 + 5.Kg6-f5 Re4-c4 6.Qh2-gl + (Qh2-hl + ) Kcl-b2 (Kcl-c2)7.Qgl-f2 + (Qgl-g2 + ) Kb2-a3 (Kb2-b3) 8.Qf2-f3+ Ka3-b4 (Ka3-a4)9.Qf3-b7 + Kb4-a5 10.Qb7-d5 +Ka5-b4

ll.Qd5-d2 + Kb4-b5 12.Qd2-b2 +Rc4-b4 13.Qb2-e5 + Kb5-a4 14.Qe5-e8 + Ka4-a3 15.Qe8-e7 Ra6-a5 +16.Kf5-g6 (Kf5-f6) Ra5-a6 +17.Kg6-g7 Ka3-b3 18.Sh7-f8 Rb4-b619.Sf8-d7 Rb6-g6 + 2O.Kg7-f7 Rg6-h6

21.Qe7-e3 + Kb3-c2 22.Qe3-c5 +(Qe3-e4 + ) Kc2-b3 23.Qc5-d4 Kb3-c2 24.Kf7-e8 Ra6-e6 + 25.Ke8-d8Re6-d6 26.Qd4-e3 Rh6-g6 27.Kd8-c7(Kd8-c8 Qe3-f2 + Qe3-e4 + ) Rd6-c6 + 28.Kc7-b7 Rc6-e6 29.Qe3-f2 +Kc2-c3 30.Kb7-b8 (Qf2-f4) Rg6-h6

31.Qf2-f4 Kc3-c2 32.Qf4-c4+ Kc2-d2 33.Sd7-c5 Re6-b6+ 34.Kb8-a7Rb6-g6 35.Qc4-d3+ (Qc4-d4 + )Kd2-cl 36.Qd3-c3 + Kcl-dl 37.Ka7-b8 (Ka7-a8) Rg6-b6 + 38.Kb8-a8Rb6-g6 39.Qc3-b2 Rg6-f6 4O.Qb2-d4+ (Qb2-b3+ Qb2-bl + ) Kdl-e2(Kdl-c2)

41. Qd4-d3 + Ke2-el 42. Qd2-e3 +Kel-dl 43.Sc5-d7 Rf6-e6 44.Qe3-f2Re6-e8 + (Re6-c6 Rh6-h8 4-) 45.Ka8-b7 (Ka8-a7) Re8-e6 46.Kb7-b8 Re6-e8+ (Rh6-h8 + ) 47.Kb8-c7 Re8-e648.Qf2-g2 Re6-g6 49.Qg2-b2 Rg6-a650.Kc7-b8 (Kc7-c8) Ra6-g6

51.Kb8-b7 Kdl-el 52.Kb7-c8 Rg6-g8+ 53.Kc8-c7 Rg8-g6 54.Kc7-d8Rg6-a6 55.Qb2-c2 Ra6-d6 56.Qc2-cl+ Kel-e2 57.Qcl-f4 Ke2-dl58.Kd8-e8 Rd6-e6+ 59.Ke8-f8 Kdl-c2 60.Qf4-b4Rh6-h8 +

61.Kf8-g7 Rh8-h6 62.Sd7-e5 Re6-f663.Kg7-g8 Rf6-d6 64.Se5-g4 Rh6-g6+ 65.Kg8-f7 Kc2-cl 66.Qb4-b3Rd6-b6 67.Qb3-c3 + Kcl-bl 68.Sg4-e5 Rg6-h6 69.Qc3-el+ Kbl-a27O.Qel-f2+ Ka2-b3 (Ka2-bl Ka2-al)

71.Qf2-f3+ Kb3-a2 (Kb3-b4)72.Qf3-g2+ Ka2-b3 73.Qg2-d5 +Kb3-b4 74.Qd5-d4+ Kb4-b575.Qd4-c4+ Kb5-a5 76.Qc4-a2 +

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(Qc4-c3 +) Ka5-b5 77.Qa2-b3 +(Qa2-e2 + ) Kb5-a6 78.Qb3-a4 +Ka6-b7 79.Se5-d7 Rb6-c6 8O.Qa4-d4Kb7-c7

81.Sd7-c5 Rc6-g6 82.Qd4-d5 Kc7-b683.Qd5-c4Rg6-f6 + 84.Kf7-e8 Rf6-d6 85.Ke8-e7 Rd6-g6 86.Sc5-d7 +Kb6-a5 87.Qc4-a2 + Ka5-b488.Qa2-b2 + Kb4-a4 89.Sd7-c5 +Ka4-a5 9O.Qb2-e5 Ka5-b4

91.Sc5-d3 + Kb4-c4 92.Qe5-e4 +Kc4-b3 93 .Qe4-b4 + Kb3-c294.Qb4-c4 + Kc2-d2 95.Sd3-e5Rg6-a6 96.Qc4-c5 Rh6-e6 + 97.Ke7-f7Kd2-e2 98.Qc5-c4 + Ke2-e3 99.Qc4-h4 (Qc4-b4) Re6-f6 + 100.Kf7-g8Rf6-e6

101. Qh4-b4 Ra6-a8 + (Re6-e8 +)102.Kg8-f7 Ra8-e8 103.Qb4-c3 +Ke3-f2(Ke3-e2)104.Qc3-d2 + (Qc3-c2 + ) Kf2-fl 105.Qd2-dl + Kfl-f2106.Se5-g4 + Kf2-g2 107.Qdl-c2 +(Qdl-e2 + Qdl-d5 + Sg4-f6) Kg2-f3108.Sg4-f6Re8-e7 + 109.Kf7-g6Re6-e5 110.Qc2-d3 + Kf3-g2

Hl.Sf6-d5Re7-e6 + 112.Kg6-f7 Re6-e8 113.Sd5-f4+ Kg2-f2 114.Sf4-h3 +(Kf7-g6) Kf2-el 115.Sh3-g5 Re5-e2116.Qd3-c4 (Qd3-c3 + ) Re2-e3 (Re8-e3) 117.Qc4-d4 Kel-e2 118.Kf7-g7Re3-g3 119.Qd4-b2+ (Qd4-c4 + )Ke2-ell20.Qb2-b4 + Kel-f2

121.Kg7-f6 Rg3-d3 122.Sg5-e4 +Kf2-f3 123.Se4-d6 Re8-f8 + 124.Sd6-f7 Rd3-d8 125.Kf6-g5 Rf8-g8 +126.Kg5-h4 Rd8-a8 127.Qb4-d2(Qb4-el)Kf3-e4128.Sf7-g5+ Ke4-e5129.Qd2-e3+ (Qd2-c3 + ) Ke5-d513O.Qe3-d3 + Kd5-c5

131.Sg5-e4+ Kc5-b4 132.Qd3-c3 +Kb4-a4 133.Qc3-b2 Rg8-h8 +134.Kh4-g4 Ra8-b8 135.Se4-c3 +Ka4-a5 136.Qb2-a3 + Ka5-b6137.Sc3-d5+ Kb6-c6 138.Sd5-e7-fKc6-b7 (Kc6-b5 Kc6-b6) 139.Qa4-

b4+ Kb7-a6140.Qb4-a4+ Ka6-b6

141.Qa4-c4 Rh8-f8 (Rh8-d8)142.Qc4-c6+ Kb6-a7 (Kb6-a5)143.Qc6-c5+ Ka7-a6 144.Se7-d5Rf8-g8+ 145.Kg4-f5Rb8-f8+ (Rg8-f8 + ) 146.Kf5-e4 Rf8-b8 147.Qc5-a3+ Ka6-b7(Ka6-b5)148.Qa3-b4 +(Qa3-b3 +) Kb7-c6 (Kb7-a6)149.Qb4-c4+ Kc6-b7 15O.Qc4-b5 +Kb7-c8

151.Qb5-c6+ (Qb5-a6+ Qb5-c5 +Sd5-e7 + ) Kc8-d8 152.Qc6-c7 +(Qc6-d6 + ) Kd8-e8 153.Qe7 mate(Qxc8 + ). The accepted 'conversionmetric' algorithm allocates no prio-rity between a checkmating moveand a winning capture move wheneach is equi-optimal. If there is aforced mate in 3 but a forced win-ning capture in 2, the latter is prefer-red unless the alternative 'metric',the 'checkmate metric', is followed.Computers handle either metric,while human specialists prefer theconversion metric until they sensemate. In (won) endings against thelone king there is by definition no'conversion'. It surprises many peo-ple when they realise the logical con-sequence that chessplayers and com-puter programmers will never agreeon a generally applicable definitionof 'best move'.

TOURNEY ANNOUNCEMENTWouter MEES Jubilee Theme Tour-ney -formal and international

Entries to the director:Rene OlthofAchter het Schaapshoofd 7,5211 MC 's-HertogenboschNetherlands

Closing dat: 1VII92Judge: W.J.G.Mees, celebrating his70th birthdayTheme: The en passant capture in a

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study to win or draw. W makes criti-cal use of the rule of loss of the rightto capture if not exercised immedia-tely. In the try wP plays two squaresand the refutation is by en passantcapture. In the solution the en pas-sant capture is legal but fails.

Example No.l - thematic : PaulKeres, 1943 (end of a study)d2c4 0000.21 .e2f2f4 3/2+...., 6. e4/i Kd4 (fe Kxe3) 7. f3 Kc48.Ke2 Kd4 9.Kf2 Ke5 lO.Kfl, andKd4 ll.Kg2 Ke5 12.Kh3 Kf6 13.Kg4Ke5 14.Kg5, or Ke6 ll.Ke2 Kd612.Kd3 Kc5 13.Kc3, winning.i)6.f3?Kd4 7.e4fe drawn.

Example No.2 - thematicF.Simkhovich, H.M. SchweizerischeSchachzeitung, 1923hlh8 0011.68 h4 gl .b4 c3 d4 f4 g3 h2b3b5c4d5e7f5f6g4 9/9=.l.Bxf6+ ef 2.h4/i b2/ii 3.Kg2/iiiblQ 4.Kf2 Qb2 + 5.Se2 Qal 6.Ke3Qel 7.h5 Kh7 8.h6 Kxh6 stalemate.\)THE THEMATIC TRY! 2.Kg2?b23. Kf2 blQ 4. Se2 Qhl 5. Ke3 Qel6. h4 gh andBl wins! 2. h3? b2, for3...gh, winning.ii) gh 3.Sf3 and 4.Sd2 - and W wins,an acceptable thematic result.iii)3.Se2?blQ + and 4...Qel.

Example No.3 - non-thematic :W.J.G.Mees (schema)ala8 0010.31 gl.a5a6f2.e4 5/2 + .I.f4? ef draw, but I.a7 Kb7 2.a6 +Kxa7 3.f4+ Kxa6 4.f5 wins.This is a counter-exemple. The enpassant capture does not occur (isnot al legal move) in the main line.Example No. 3 is therfor unthematicand unacceptable for the tourney.

TOURNEY ANNOUNCEMENT10th Theme Tourney of DIA-GRAMMESEntries to director:

Louis Azemard5 res. R. Rollandrue FanourisF-13110 Port-de-BoucFrance

Judge: Alexander Hildebrand (Swe-den)Closing dat: 301V92Theme: "W minimal draw - wK +one other W man. Bl force unrestric-ted".

Tourney Announcements

1.Polish Chess Federation:GRZEBAN Memorial TourneyWladyslaw ROSOLAKSadowa 18/20 m. 4791-465 LODZPolandby:31x922.MITROFANOV-60 JT'Sport-Chelovek-Vremya'Fontanka59, ap.549,191023 ST. PETERSBURGRussia[Jury]: chief judge: IGM Yuri Aver-bakhjudges: L.A.Mitrofanov andV.I.Fyodorovsend: 2 copies - with a MOTTOdirector: V.I.Tolstovby: Iv92The award to be published on thecomposer's 60th birthday(2VII92,anoptimistic schedule)Mitrofanov gloriously wears themantle of Korolkov, of the city ofTroitzkyandKubbel.Sponsored by 'LPS Centre Limited*3.OSMO KAILA MTErkki PUHAKKA

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Miniatontie 1 B 1402360 ESPOOSuomi/Finlandtheme: two stipulations with nochange to the position. The two sti-pulations to be chosen from direct-mate, direct stalemate, helpmate,self mate, or a study,judge: P.Perkonojaby: 3VI924.Enrico PAOLI JT (80th birthday)Viale Piave 2542100 REGGIO EMILIAItalyby: 30IX 925.informal 1991-92PAT-A-MATPeter GVOZDJAKSilvanska 27841 04 BRATISLAVACzechoslovakiajudge: V.Neidze (Georgia)Other tourneys with closing dateslong past, but awards eagerly awai-ted (keeping our fingers crossed):6. AITMATOV-60 c.lv88 (EG 93p448)7. SERETIN DENZEN-60 c.lvi89(EG 94 p456)8. Alexander Hildebrand JT(Springren, Sweden) c.31X11 88

Roland LECOMTE's article received31VIII 91The following article (here transla-ted, condensed and edited by AJR)was prepared by the well knownjournalist Monsieur RolandLecomte expressly in connectionwith the Lyon World Championshipstage held in Lyon in 1990. It has notpreviously been published.

HENRI RINCK(1870-1952)

Chemical engineer, prodigious chessartist, record holder, and distinguis-hed son of Lyon

The supreme and inimitable work ofHenri Rinck, born 120 years ago inLyon, occupies an immense space inthe world of chess: no less than half acentury of research into opposingchess force scarcely studied previou-sly, of composition, of verificationwith meticulous care, ever faithful tohis motto 'with willpower, patienceand perseverance'. His 190 tourneyhonours include 60 first prizes car-ried off in 102 international competi-tions. Nicknamed 'the Victor Hugoof chess' for the fecundity and qua-lity of his artistic endgame studies,his life and work are hardly separa-ble.

The man. Henri Rinck was born inLyon 10il871 at the erstwhile Rinckbreweries located at the Cours duMidi (later Cours Verdun) of Frenchparents and a grandfather fromAlsace. Educated first as a pupil atthe Lyon lyce, and then at the Techni-sche Hochschule ('cole Polytechni-que') of Munich in Bavaria where heleft with a diploma in chemistry, heentered the Lyon Faculty of Sciencewhere he spent two years as assistantto Professor Philippe Barbier in thechemistry laboratory. Thereafter hecontributed much to the prestige andimage of the tablissements Rinck inthe heart and capital of the departe-mentoi Rohne.

In 1897 in the course of specialistwork on chlorophyll Rinck inventeda process for the purification ofgreen vegetable oil. He introducedthe process first into several plants inMarseille, and subsequently into alarge number of refineries for grig-non

945

and olive oil in Barcelona (Spain),where he moved in 1900, and wherehe stayed for the rest of his life.

Rinck's physiognomy expressedcalm energy and goodwill. His gazewas both frank and distant, that of aman of action who is at the sametime thinker and sensitive poet.From this presence (in both literaland figurative senses) a feeling emer-ged which compelled sympathy andrespect. He died at Badalona (Spain)on 1811 1952, aged 82, after a shortbut painful illness.

The passion. From the age of 16Rinck experienced an irresistible lea-ning towards chess, an inclinationand a passion which he was fortu-nate to be able to combine with hisprofessional career.

Already champion of the town ofLyon he played, and won prizes, incorrespondence tourneys organisedby the monthly chess magazine 'LaStratgie'. He also won a two-gamematch against the Algiers chess club,the players of the latter combining inconsultation. At 20 his analyses ofthe Muzio and Kieseritzky Gambits,and the French Defence, were publis-hed in 'La Stratgie'. Games played atthis time show Rinck's mastery.

Only later, in Spain, through contactwith his 'brother in arms' Jos Tolosay Carrera and with the great problemcomposer Valentin Marin (theybecame inseparable friends) didRinck enter the realm of chess com-position - with two-move problems.

The records. Rinck carried 190major honours in 102 competitions.Rinck was always a striver, nevercontent. He swept the board at Malm(Sweden) 1924 with the first threeprizes and first three honourablementions. And he did exactly the

same the following year, despite allopposition. At Florence in 1925Rinck took six prizes in another tour-ney. Enough to put the fear of Godinto other competitors!

The artist. Rinck's first studies datefrom 1902. In 1907 his '150 Fins dePartie' was published (there werethree editions). In 1919 '300 Fins dePartie', and in 1927 '700 Fins de Par-tie'.

In the space of 20 years Rinck hadscaled the peaks of his chosen art.His style was unmatched, characteri-sed above all by its form, which dis-plays absolute beauty and purity. Bythis time his name is celebrated in allthe countries of the world. 'Les sur-prises de la thorie' appeared in 1947in Madrid (in French and Spanish),bringing together 111 endings (and afurther dozen) dedicated to his nep-hew Jacques Rinck, printed in redand black.

The ultimate demanding task, one atwhich he laboured to his last breath,resulted in final victory (among somany others) over death, when hehad the joy, six days before his depar-ture from this world, to hold in hishands the first copy of '1414 Fins dePartie'. In accordance with hiswishes the volume accompanied himto his grave. The original edition,published at its author's expense,was made in an edition of 500 copieson 10U952 by the 'Tipografia LaAcadmica' at Barcelona for the aut-hor's 82nd birthday. It is a master-piece, from the standpoint of bothform and content. The type was enti-rely set by hand, the labour of aBenedictine monk, simply not possi-ble today due to the exorbitant cost.Monsieur J.Guisle, the former spe-cialist bookseller of 13 rue Saint-Jacques (Paris 5e) took charge ofhalf this edition, which was sold out

946

on the spot. The volume is 15cm x27cm, has 760 pages, 238 of themwith diagrams six to a page (at leastone masterpiece per page), and 530for the solutions. The work 'of awhole lifetime is dedicated to thehouse of Rinck and, in the firstplace, to its primary representative,Monsieur Jacques Rinck of Lyon'.1414 Fins de Partie (together with anappendix of a further 26) are asmany pearls of which each, polishedto the last degree, has the purity andsprakle of a diamond.An imperishable jewel - and magic,because what strikes us when we exa-mine a study by the Lyonnais masteris the improbability of the outcome.

The verdict of his contemporaries.Osip S.Bernstein (an internationalgrandmaster of practical play): 'theartistic study shows that the value ofa position, viewed under the lamp ofgenius, differs from its apparentvalue. No one has systematised stu-dies as Henri Rinck has. What anenormous task it is to systematise

exceptions to rules, some of whichare by their nature intangible! Spirittriumphs over matter, will over fate.'Vitaly Halberstadt (artist, masterand eclectic connoisseur of studycomposition): 'A unique model inthe history of the artistic endgame,Henri Rinck possessed in the highestdegree qualities which it is rare tomeet in one man: genial constructor,penetrating visual acuity, great tena-city, and a remarkable capacity forhard work. His clear methodicalmind gave him the tranquil assu-rance that he had worked well. Rus-sian folk-lore has it that the universeis borne on the backs of three greatwhales. We might say that the trio ofwhales supporting our little universeof the endgame are in chronologicalorder the Germans Kling & Horwitz,the Russian Troitzky, and theFrenchman Henri Rinck'.

Roland LecomteFIDE Judge for Chess CompositionParis, III 90

REVIEWS

REVIEW 'The Comprehension ofBeauty', by A.K. Kalinin, 160 pages,Moscow 1990, in Russian. Chess com-positions by the armed forces, and abook on it, would be unthinkable inany other country, let alone in an editi-on of 50.000. The study composers in-clude Kalinin himself (represented by33 studies and very unlucky in EG'sBent JT), Bondarenko (61, ma-ny jointly composed studies), Evreinov(30), (Kanonik, a problemist, but con-ductor of the newspaper ChervonyGirnik's tourneys for 30 years), (Fokin, also a problemist but also an influen-tial columnist, this time of Vecherny

Leningrad) Ulanov (5), Razumenko(19), Tolstoy (6), Asaba (32), NikolayFilippovich Vlasenko (2), Mazur (8).The figures are numbers, not ages!

REVIEW el arte del ESTUDIO de aje-drez, by Zoilo R. Caputto, Vol. 1, Bu-enos Aires, 1990. In Spanish, 318 pa-ges, with many diagrams and copiousillustrations. The is no price. The copyunder review is one of an edition of 50,numbered and signed. We trust that alarger edition will follow for wideravailability. For a private publicationthis work is of exceptionally high qua-lity, due to intensive and extensive re-

947

search over at least five years by Pro-fessor Caputto who has correspondedfar and wide. Academic thoroughnessis repeatedly in evidence, especially inthe footnotes. There are names andsources which are to be found neitherin Bondarenko's Stanovleniye nor inRoycroft's The Chess Endgame Study.Starting with the origins of chess itselfwe are taken in this first volumethrough the mansuba period, themiddle ages, the Spanish and Portugu-ese contribution, the Italian, then thegreat Italian School, the French andEnglish influence, with 1851 as theKling & Horwitz watershed. The selectionsfrom Stamma (18), del Rio (21), Pon-ziani (9 del Rio's), and Lolli (9) are ad-mirable. The numerous drawings andreproductions bringing together themajor nineteenth century personalitiesenable us to observe that the portraitsmight have be made expressly to inti-midate children! A knowledge of Spa-nish (which we do not have) is needed tofollow the text, but there is much plea-sure and gain even without. An appen-dix displays analyses and studies by aselection of 'the modern champions'.A fascinating inclusion here is a pieceof the score, not of a game, but of asoprano duet, from the opera Tom Jo-

nes by Philidor. The author finally gi-ves a tantalising foretaste of the con-tent of Vols 2 and 3, which will respec-tively cover modern composers andcomposing itself.

REVIEW 'The output of a genius', byV. Kirillov, Riga, 1990, in Russian.The introductory matter, including theP-ending win against Capablanca in asimul in Riga in 1913, is the only signi-ficant addition to what has alreadybeen published in Whitworth's book.The subject is German Mattison. True,Whitworth will envy the edition size of20,000. There are 53 studies, 5 supple-mentary positions, a game, 9 pro-blems, an article by Koblents and Mat-tion's tournament record.

REVIEW 'The Truth-seekers', 128 pa-ges, Kurgan 1991, in Russian, soft co-ver. Half of this book covers IGM Yu.Balashov's career, while the other halfdeals with A. Maksimovskikh. Bothare local heroes and each seems to ha-ve authored his part of the book - asi-de from the inevitable introductions byotb IGMs! The 64 Maksimovskikh stu-dies range from 1963 to 1987, of whichsome 15 won high prizes. There arealso a few problems and photos.

*c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c*Recent otb experience with

GBR class 0312

1.1 0312 occurred in Karpov vs. Kas-parov at Interpolis, x91, with Karpovhaving the upper hand. The gamewas drawn under the 50-move rule,but Karpov found an effective wayto drive Kasparov's king to the edge -and came close to winning. Kaspa-rov's defensive strategy of keepinghis rook out of harm's way andretreating his king towards the cor-ner not controlled by the bishop is

certainly correct, though his play hasa passive flavour. In fact, we learnfrom Stiller/Elkies, at no point in theplay did Karpov have a win.

g4f6 0312.01 d8c6d3f4.h4 4/3.WTM.

63.Kxh4 Rg8 64.Be4 Rgl 65.Sh5 +Ke666.Sg3 Kf6 67.Kg4 Ral 68.Bd5 Ra569.Bf3Ral70.Kf4Ke671.Sc5 + Kd6 72.Se4+ Ke7 73.Ke5

948

Rfl74.Bg4Rgl75.Be6Rel76.Bc8 Rcl 77.Kd4 Rdl + 78.Sd3Kf7 79.Ke3 Ral 8O.Kf4 Ke781.Sb4 Scl 82.Sd5 + Kf7 83.Bd7Rfl 4- 84.Ke5 Ral 85.Sg5 + Kg686.Sf3 Kg7 87.Bg4 Kg6 88.Sf4 +Kg7 89.Sd4 Rel + 9O.Kf5 Rcl91.Be2 Rel 92.Bh5 Ral 93.fSe6 +Kh6 94.Be8 Ra8 95.Bc6 Ral96.Kf6 Kh7 97.Sg5 + Kh8 98.dSe6Ra6 99.Be8 Ra8 100.Bh5 Ral101. Bg6 Rfl+ 102.Ke7 Ral103.Sf7 + Kg8 104.Sh6 + Kh8105.Sf5Ra7 +106.Kf6 Ral 107.Se3 Rel 108.Sd5 Rgl109.Bf5Rflll0.dSf4Rallll.Sg6+ Kg8112.Se7 + drawn, Kh8(forced, and if 113.Sg5 Ra6 +114.Kf7Rf6 + )..

1.2 There are 52 studies starting withthis material in Rinck's '1414'. Nosolution exceeds 7 moves in length.Mostly they are domination studies.All are meticulously analysed. Thefollowing two show the defendingking in the good defensive corner(which Rinck states to be a generaldraw, as opposed to the other corner,which he deems lost).

1.3 Rinck, Bohemia (Prague), 9x211 [648/'1414']

b6b8 0312 c8h2e5g5 4/2 + .

l.Sd7+ Ka8 2.Se6Rb8+ 3.Ka6Rb74.Sc7 + Rxc7 5.Sb6+ Kb8 6.Sd5Ka8 7.Sxc7 + .

1.4 Rinck, Basel tournament pro-gramme, 8iv28 [649/'1414']c6c8 0312! f3clc4c5 4/2 + .

l.Sd6+ Kb8 2.Sd7+ Ka8 (Ka7;Sb5 + ) 3.Sb5, and bR is squeezed,for example Rg3 4.Sb6+, or Rfl4.Sc7+.

1.5 The only argument for a general

win (we know now that there is nogeneral win) would be if the defen-der's king in the good corner cannevertheless be driven out and forcedinto a bad corner - a process thatmight take 150 moves. There is a pre-cedent with the 5-man endgame twobishops against knight, where theone consensus draw turned out notto be a draw. With six men we are innew territory as regards computerinvestigations.

1.6 *C* GBR class 0312

A max-length win follows. As usualthis totally new result in a 6-manpawnless ending is due to the Stiller/Elkies algorithm executed onThe Connection Machine. Allequioptimals are included.

d3al 0312 a6d8a3e4 4 /2+.

l.Sc4 Re6 2.Sf2 Re8 3.Bg5 Rf8 4.SdlRg8 5.Be7Re86.Bb4 Rb8 7.Ba5 Kbl 8.Sc3+ Kal9.Se4 Kbl 10.Bc7 Rc8ll.Bb6 Ka2 12.Kc3 Rb8 13.Bd4 Rd814.cSd6Rb815.Sc5Rg816.Sc4 Rg4 17.Be5 Rg5 18.Bd6 Rg619.Be7 Rg7 2O.Bh4 Rh7 (Rg4)21.Bel Rhl 22.Bd2 Rdl 23.Bf4 Rfl24.Bc7Rcl+ 25.Kd3Kbl26.Bf4 Rgl (Rhl) 27.Kc3 Rg4 28.Bc7Rg7 29.Ba5 Kcl 3O.Sb2 Kbl (Rg5)31.cSd3 Rg5 (Ra7) 32.Bb4 Rb533.Bd6 Rb6 (Rd5) 34.Bf4 Rf635.Bd2Rf7(Rf8,d6)PT11536.Sc4 Rd7 37.Be3 (Bf4,g5,h6) Re738.Bc5 (Bel) Rc7 39.Ba3 Rc8 40.Kb3(Sb4) Rb8 +41.Sb4 Rd8 42.Sb6 Rf8 (Rg8,h8,d2)43.S6d5 (Sa4) Rf2 44.Sc3 + Kal45.Sc6Rg2(Rh2,c2)PT1246.Sd4 Rd2 47.Bel Rf2 (Rg2,h2)

949

48.Ka3 (dSe2) and 49. wins.

Only 49 moves! FIDE will be relie-ved!

*c* *c* *c* *c* *c* *c**C* More maxi-length win info, on6-man pawnless endings

GBR class 0312 49 movesGBR class 032168GBR class 1601153GBR class 320182GBR class 3210101GBR class 4103 71

All due to the Stiller/Elkies duo exer-cising their powerful algorithm onThe Connection Machine in LosAlamos. We learn that all Zugwangsand WTM/BTM statistics have beenextracted, but details are still lac-king. What interesting times we livein and lie ahead!

*c* *c* *c* *c* *c*1.0 Data bases for all!1.1 In ix.90 the 0410 data base cameon sale from ChessBase, the com-pany based in (West) Germany.Distributed on a single high density(1.2 or 1.4 megabyte) diskette it issimple to install on a personal com-puter ( T C ) . Except that it makes noattempt to win any drawn position itperforms beautifully. The depths of

all moves (1-ply) from the displayedposition can be displayed or concea-led.1.2 Further data bases are promisedfrom ChessBase, but there are severedifficulties preventing the compres-sion of data bases (such as 1033 10601006 0023) where draws are theexception. This is because every wonposition has to have an associateddepth. However, we look forward to0014 and 1600/3200.1.3 Ken Thompson has privatelyindicated his interest in generating6-man pawnless databases 'to con-version' (good!), since he has accessto new hardware.AJR has proposed 0321 and 0332,but Ken always makes up his ownmind.1.4 Any 6-man data base needs to bedistributed using CD-ROM techno-logy. To attach CD-ROM to a PCcosts about £ 500 - at present.In 91 Ken Thompson distributedtwenty-two 5-man endgame databasesto friends, using CD-ROM and a Huff-man coding compression technique.The CD-ROM itself weighs just half anounce! The databases are, in GBRcode sequence: 0004.10 0005 0014 00230104 0400.10 0401 0410 0500 1004 10061033 1060 1303 1330 1400 1600 4000.1040014010 4100 5000.2. Zugzwangs identified by compu-ter.2.1 Erratum. EG93 p433, rightmostcolumn, item 184. Add bSf7, tomake the line read: 184 d7f8 f6f5f72.2 There are 17 true zugzwangs inthe GBR class 0410, identified for usby Lars RASMUSSEN of Tranberg,Denmark, who is the database pro-grammer of ChessBase. At ourrequest Lars has added the BTM Wwin depth. WTM draws only - bydefinition of true zugzwang.

wK wR wB bK bRb8 b7 b5 d8 a5 3b8 g2 b7 hi h3 2

950

Bianchetti, 1925 (EG20.1112)c8 f7 h5 e8 e6 2(Andrew Miller, 1966 EG8.262)c7 e7 d3 a7 f6 45A. Zytogorski, 1843(?) (Cheron I, 414)c7 h7 c4 a7 g6 26c7c7d7c6c6c6d6d6d6d6d5d5

c6e5b5c7e7g7b6fla6g6f7g7

g6e7g5d6d3h6c7nng8e5d4

a7a6a8a8b8f8c8c8d8e8a8d8

h6e8f2b8b4d8a8g7b8h8h5f4

131832834414917214116

3.0 Danger! Programmer at work!You have been warned! We givebelow unadulterated computer-generated data (from Ken Thomp-son, on dates as shown) which issometimes self-explanatory, some-times not. Figures within parent-heses are not, repeat not, to be takenliterally. (Evgeny Gik, prolific jour-nalist in Moscow, are you listening?)Some data is in idiosyncratic octal, andthe heading 'CHESS GAMES' simplyidentifies the computer stationery used 'by Ken Thompson - it has no othersiginificance.3.1 Fig. 1 shows the frequency distri-bution of ultimate depths in 4010.

d0/QB.012345

Q:

012345

8685838614224521352875216912239948266874447

B789101112131415IB1718192021222324252627282930313233

B7101112131415IB1720212223242526273031323334353637

' ! '

878473559446261884344773044381561201235128092860416002242738282871912913036773048593546249319571635139088252029619012814419133

3.2 Fig.2 shows the frequency distri-bution ultimate depths in 4001.

d l /QN.Q:0123456

0123456

88098330101031089751314114382810217483S3397064104

951

7891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041

7101112131415161720212223242526273031323334353637' '

' " '

'$''%''&'1 1 T

' ( '

' ) '

768120847863371513116436663167169106334764325041632073206011382092146301433836432804188016121185683358308295262211119956769533755217

Initial PositionB

I £b6t (22) e8 (22)

*c8(-17)(21)

(0)2 . . . £>f8(21)

#f7(0)iBre3(-17)!Bre6t(-18)3 ^e7t (20) £>g8 (20) 4(19)

4 ^d8t (+2)4. . . h7(19)

4. . . #g7( -12)5 &e4t (18)

(+2)5.. . £>g7(18)

(-11)

(17)

(+2)

g#h6(-16)

(-14) (-14)

e7t (+3)6.

(+4)

3.3 Fig.3 shows annotated ultimateplay in 4010.

Chess GamesNovember 14, 1985

10.

11

12.

7 #e7t (16) ^g6 (16) 8(15) *g5 (15)h7 (-9) cj>f5 (-9) £>h6 (-9)9 ^e3t (14) h4 (14)*i6(-5)iBrice3(-8)*g4(-12)10 &e7i (13)

(0) 10 &f2t (+2)10... «?g3(13)*g4( - l l )

11 igre5t (12) *g2 (12)*«3(-9)*g4(-10)

12 #b2t (11) *h l (11)«O(-6)*g3( -8 )

13 1&blt (10)

952

13 igralt (0) 13 # c l t (0)13... g2(10)

13... iBrfl(-8)14 #c2t (9)

14 # g l t (0) 14 #a2t (+2) 14 #b2t (+2)14... $>f3(9)

14... grb2t (5)

18 ^c4t (+2) 18 # d 2 t (+4)18... f3 (5)

18... &x

(-1)

(7)

(-1)

27 c6 (0) 27 ^Tg4t (0)(0) 27 ^ f l (0) 27 ^h4t (0) 27 ^h5 (0) 27^h6 (0) 27 ^rg3 (0) 27 ^Tc3 (0) 27 ^ra3 (0)27 igrhlt (0) 27 ^c7 (+1) 27 * e 7 (+1) 27

(+1) 27 £>e6 (+1) 27 ^rd7 (+1) 27(+1) 27 ^g2t (+1) 27 ^h7t (+1) 27

27... f4(6)27... * d 4 ( 0 ) * f 5 ( - l )

28 d5 (5)28 ^Td3 (0) 28 cj>e6 (+1) 28>grc4t (+1) 28 ^Td5 (+1) 28^c2 (+1) 28 * d l (+1) 28^b5 (+1) 28 # c 3 (+1) 28d7 (+2) 28 cj>c6 (+2) 28^ (+2) 28 ^a2 (+2) 28

(+2) 28 ^b8 ( + 2) 28(+2) 28 ^b2 (+2)28 ... e5 (0) 29 &>e6 (+1) 29^rc4 (+1) 29 ^b4 (+1) 29>grd3 (+1) 29 >gre3t (+1) 29&>e4 (+2) 29 ^d6 (+2) 29

(+2) 29 ^rc2 (+2) 29(+2) 29 #b6 (+2) 29(+2) 29 d4^rdl

c6

(+1) 28(+1) 28(+1) 28(+1) 28(+2) 28(+2) 28(+2) 28(+2) 28

(+1) 29(+1) 29(+1) 29(+2) 29(+2) 29(+2) 29(+2) 29(+3) 29

2 9 . . . *»h4 (0) e6 (0) 30 ^rg4 (0) 30 ^ g 3 (0) 30 &>d6(+1) 30 ^>e5 (+1) 30 # e 4 (+1) 30(+1) 30 ^ f 5 (+1) 30 ^ f 6 t (+1) 30(+1) 30 >gre3t (+1) 30 ^>c6 (+2) 30(+2) 30 grgl (+1) 31(+2) 31 £>c5 (+2) 31(+2) 31 ^h3t (+2) 31

(+2) 31 ^c2t (+2) 31

953

(+3) 31 >grhlt (+3) 31

igrf2

31 ... h6 (2)

31 ... h8(0)32 £>f6 (1)

32 £>e6 (+1) 32 &>f5 (+1) 32# g 4 (+1) 32 # g 8 (+1) 32d6 (+2) 32 $>d4 (+2) 32£>d5 (+2) 32 e4 (+2) 32ê4 (+3) 32 ^d5 (+3) 32W (+3) 32 â8 (+3) 32igrfl (+3) 32 ifirhlt (+3) 32^d2t (+3) 32 ^c2 (+3) 32â2 (+3) 32 ^h2t (+3) 32

32 ... g>h5 (1) 3333 «f5 (+1) 33 ê4 (+1) 33&>e7 (+2) 33 g7 (+2) 33f7 (+2) 33 e6 (+2) 33

(+2) 33 ^g7 (+2) 33(+2) 33 ĝrgl (+2) 33

(+3) 33 igrfl (+4) 33(+4) 33 #a2 (+4) 33(+5) 33 f4 (+2) 32igrf3 (+3) 32

(+3) 32(+3) 32(+3) 32(+3) 32

(+4)(0)

(+1) 33(+2) 33(+2) 33(+2) 33(+3) 33(+4) 33(+4) 33(+5) 33

f7 (29)

(-ll)(28) S

(-22)(27)

i (-21)

(30) 2

3 (28)(-25); (27)

5 >grf7t (26) e4 (26)5.. . »g4 ( -19 )

6 ^b7t (25)6 ^c5t (0)

6 ... £>d3 (25)6... *a(-6)*e3(-18)

7 #b3t (24) ̂ >d2 (24)7 ... *e2(-15)*e4(-16)

8 ̂ grb2t (23) f5 (19)12... e3(-12)

13 ^b5+ (18)13«rc2t(+12)

13... g6(18)13 ... £̂>e4 (-10) g4 (-11)*f6(-15)

14 ê8+ (17) ^h7 (17)14 ... f6 (-10)

19 ... #h6 (-5) # g 4 (-7) # g 6 (-8)# d l t (-8) «rf7 (-9) ^g5 (-10)(-10) #d5t (-10) ^rc5t (-10)

20 &d7 (11) ^d2t (11)20 ... &h6 (-4) &g3 (-6) ® g l (-6) ^ g(-6) @e5 (-8)d^b2 (-8) ^d6t (-9)e7t (7)24 ^f5 (0)

24... h8 (-3) ^xe7t (-4)

25 ^h4t (6)25 gre4t (5)26 # g 4 (+5)

26... h8(5)26... g7(-l)#g6t(-3)

27 ^Tg4 (4)27 >&e5t (0) 27 # d 5 (+2) 27 ^f5 (+2) 27

31

27... # g27 ... W (+3) ^Tg6t (0) >grg5 (-1)(-1) #c6t (-1) ^h5t (-1) > f̂8t (-2)

(3)(+2) 28 ^h3t (+2) 28 ^f4 (+2)

28 ... ^h7 (3) 29 >&f4 (2)29 ^g5 ( + 2) 29 ^rf6t (+2) 29 >grg3 (+2) 29^g4 (+2) 29 ^rd4t (+2)

29... ^g7(2)29 ... ^ g 8 t (+2) ^rg6t (+2) >grxe7t (+2)

(+1) ê4 (+1) ^d3 (+1) ^c2 (+1)(+1) ^h4 (+1) ^Th3 (+1) >^h2 (+1)(+I)^f7t (0)>grh5t (0)30 £g6 (+4) ^xe7t (+3) >grf8 (+2)(+2) >^d4t (+2) >grg8 (+2) ^f7 (+2)

31 ... ^h6 (0) 32 # c 2 t (9)(9)

32... $>g7 (-2) >&g6 (-7)33 ^c8t (8)

33 >^b2t (-6) 33 # g 2 (-5) 33 >grc3t (-2)33.. .

33... ^rf834 ftf5t (7)

(+4)34... f6(7)

34...35 4>h6 (6)

35 â6t (+2) 35 ^c6t (+2)35 ... e5 (6)

35... «>g5(-l)36 &c4 (5)

36 >̂ rc3t (0) 36 #b7 (+1) 36 T̂a6 (+1) 36>grb8t (+1) 36 >gra8 (+1) 36 ê8t (+1) 36

(+1) 36 ^h8t (+1) 36 ^c6 (+1) 36(+1) 36 # c 2 (+1) 36 ^ c l (+1) 36

(+1) 36 £ig4t (+1) 36 ^rd8 (+2) 36>grf8 (+2) 36 >grc7t (+2) 36 ê8 (+2) 36d8 (+2) 36 g8 (+2)

36... f6 (5) 37 # c 5 (4)37 &>e8 (0) 37 cj>d6 (0) 37 ftf7 (0) 37 ^b5(0) 37 ^d5 (0) 37 ^c7 (0) 37 ^d4t (0) 37

(0) 37 ^f4t (0) 37 ^g4 (0) 37 ^h4t37 >grc3t (0) 37 &>C6 (+1) 37 g4t (+1) 37 4^g8t (+1)^ra6t (+1) 37 ^re6t (+1) 37 ^b3 (+1)>grd3 (+1) 37 d8 (+2) 38 grb6t (+2) 38 >gra7 (+2) 38 ê7 (+2) 38

(0)373737

955

(+2) 38 #c6t (+2) 38 #c7 (+2) 38(+2) 38 #b5 (+2) 38 #a5 (+2) 38(+2) 38 #c2t (+2) 38 ̂ fcl (+2)38... #g7(3)

38... f7 (+1) 39 £>g8(+1) 39 ^ b 6 ( 1 ) 39 ^ 7 ( 1 ) 39 # d 6(+1) 39(+1) 39(+1) 39(+1) 39(+1) 39(+1) 39

(+1) 39(+1) 39(+1) 39(+1) 39

(+1) 39(+1) 39 ^(+1) 39 d6

(4-1) 39, (+1) 39

(4-1) 39(4-1) 39(4-1) 39(4-1) 39

, -, -- _ - (+1) 39 _ _ -, .. . . . .(4-2) 39 d7 (4-2) 39 £>f5t (4-2) 39 d8(+3)

3 9 . . . h7(2)

3 9 . . . xh6(0)

40 * £ 7 (1)

40 f6 (0) 40 £>f5 (0) 40 ^ g 5 (0) 40 f8(4-1) 40 £g2(4-1) 40 ^rg3 (+1) 40 ^ g 4 (4-1) 40 >grg8t(+1) 40 £>d6 (4-2) 40 e8 (4-2) 40 d7(4-2) 40 £>g4 (4-2) 40 ^rf2 (4-2) 40(4-2) 40 ^rd4 (4-2) 40 ^ c 5 (4-2) 40(4-2) 40 ^ra7 (4-2) 40 f5 (+1) 41

(+1) 41(4-1) 41

6 (+1) 41 £g4 (+1) 41(+1) 41 # d 4 t (4-1) 41(4-1) 41 # g 3 (4-1) 41

^g4 (41) 41 ^g5 (4-1) 41 ifiralt (+1) 41iBrhl (4-1) 41 *>e8 (+2) 41 *>e6 (4-2) 41e7 (4-2) 41 iHr!2 (+2) 41 # e 3 (4-2) 41^ 5 (4-2) 41 ^b6 (+2) 41

(+2) 41 ifirel (+2) 41(4-2)

igrdl

()(+2) 41(4-2) 41

3.5 Fig.5 gives 15 examples of unan-notated optimal play (to conversionthis time, not ultimate) in 1033. It isnoteworthy how some solutions skirtthe Karstedt draw, just as optimalplay in 1060 skirts the Lolli draw. Nrepresents knight.

=0b4

d7

=bb=bk1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31 .32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.

=0 i

=wq=wk=bn=bb=bk1.2.3.

e3c6Ka8QblQhl4-Qb7+Qc8Qh8QhlKb8Qh7Ka7Qhl4-

Ka6Qh8Kb50hS+Qf3+Kc4Qd54-Qe4Qc6Qb5+Qb2Qb4 +Kd4Ke4Qd2Qf2 +Qb6Qd8+Qd2Kf5Ke6Qd8Kf7Kg8Qd2 +Kh7Qdl +K : g6

alclb2c3b3KblQa2 +Kc2

Bc5Bb6Kc7Kd6Bc7Nc5Bb6Ne6Bd8KcBKdBNd4Ne6Kd5Bg5Ke5Bf4KfBBc7Ke5KdBNf4KeBBe5+Ng6Kf6KQ5

Bh8Kg4Kh5Ne7+Ng6Kh6Ne5+Ng6Kh5BalKh4

Nc4Kb4Be5

956

4. Qa75. Kd3G. Ke47. Qf78. Qd5+9. Qc4

10. Kd511. Ke612. Qb3+13. Kd514. Kc515. Kb516. Ka617. Qg8+18. Qf819. Qc5+20. Kb721. Q--c8+

=0 *=wq gl=wk e5=bn g3=bb h3=bk g41. Qdl+2. Qd4+3. QfZ4. Kf45. Kg56. Qe37. Kf48. Q"-g3+ +

= 0 *=wq a4=wk a8=bn a5=bb c5=bk aG1. Kb82. Kc83. Kd74. Qal5. Qc36. Qc47. Qe6 +8. QcG+9. Ke6

10. Qa8

KbBNa5Nc6Kc5KbBBb8Ne7+

Nc6Kc7Nd8Nb7 +Nd6 +Kc8Kc7Nc8Kd8Kd7

Kh4Bg4Kh3Ne2 +Ng3BdlBe2

KbGNc6Nb4Nd3Nb4NaGKb5Ka5Bd4Kb5

11.12.13.14.15.1G.17.18.19.20.21.

=0=wq=wk=bn=bb=bk1.2.3.4.5.B.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19,20,21

2324252627282930313233

Qb7+Qd7 +Qd5+Kd7Qdl +Qf 1 +Qf5+KcBQd3Kb7K = a7

*

gia8c6d6c7Qe3Qd3Qd7Qb7 +Qa6Qg6Qg5Kb8Kc7Qcl +Kd7QflQblQa2KdBQg8

, Kd5. Ke4. Qc4 +. Ke3. Kf2. Ke2. Kdl. Qe2 +. Qc2 +. Ke2. Qd3+. Qh3. Kd3. Qe6 +. Kc4. Qe3. Qf4

Bb6Kc5Kb4Ka4Kb5Ka5Kb4Bc5Nb8 +Ba7

Bf8KbGBb4Kc5Na5Kd4Kc3Nc6 +Nd4Kb3Bc3Bb2Kc3Nc2Nb4Nc2Nb4 +Kc2Bc3Kb2Bd2Bc3Na2Kb3Ka3Bb2Bc3Kb2Kb3Kb2NclBh8Kbl

957

34. Qe4+

35. Qb7+

36. Qh7+

37. Q:h8+

=0 *

=wq gl

=wk a8

=bn c6

=bb d5

=bk c7

1. Qg7+

2. Qb7+

3. Qc7

4. Kb7

5. Qc8

G. Qd7+

7. Kc7

8. Qg7

9. Qh7

10. Kd6

11. Qh3

12. Qh6

13. QeG

14. Qh3

15. Qfl

16. Qgl+

17. Ke5

18. Qc5+

19. Kf4

20. Kf3

Kg3

Qf2 +

Qh2

Kf3

25. Ke3

26. Kd4

27. K c 3

28. Kb4

29. Qf4+

30. Ka3

31. Qh2

32. Qd6

33. Qd2

34. Qb4

35. Q:b2++

=0 #

=wq el

=wk cl

=bn e3

Kb2Kc2Kb2

21.

22 .23.24.

KbG

Kc5

Bg2

Bf3

Kd4

Ke3

Ne5

Kf4

Ke3

Nd3

Ke4

Kd4

Be4

Nel

Nc2

Kc3

Bh7

Kd2

Bg6

Nel +

Bc2

Kdl

Nd3

Nb2

Kcl

Ba4

Ndl +

Bc2

Kbl

Bd3

Bf5

Bc2

Nb2

Bd3

=bb=bk1.2.3.4.5.G.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31 .JJ2. .

= 0 *= wq= wk=bn=bb=bk1 .

3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.

c3d3Qh4Qd8 +Qe8Qg6 +KdlQe6Ke2Qg4 +

QglQg2 +Qf2 +QglQdlQd2 +Qa5Qa3Qa6 +Qa5 +Qb6 +Kd2Qb5 +Qb7+Qb4 +Ke2Qc5+Qf5Kf3Kg4Qf7Qf8 +Qd6 +Q: d3

eldld4c3d3Qf 1 +

Qh6 +Kc2QdGQa6 +Qe6 +Kd3Qe2 +Ke4

Be5

Ke4

Nc4

Kd4

Ke3

Kd4

BdG

Kd5

Bc7

Kd4

Kc3

Be5

Nb2

Kc4

Bc3

Be5

Kc5

Kd4

Kc4

Kd5

Ke4

Kf4

Kg5

Bh8

KhB

Bg7

Bc3

Bh8

Nd3

Bg7

Kh7

Ke3Nf3Kf2Bd2Ke2Ke3Kf2Bf4Kg3Nh4

958

11. Qel+

12. Qdl+

13. Qb3+

14. QeB+

15. Qg8 +

16. Qd8+

17. Kf5

18. QfG

19. Q:gB++

=0 *

=wq al

=wk a2

=bn c3

=bb d2=bk c2

1. Ka3

2. Ka4

3. Kb4

4. Kb5

5. Qfl

6. Qe2+

7. Qf2

8. Qf7 +

9. KcG

10. Qf2 +

11. Qf5 +

12. Qc2

13. Qa4+

14. Kd5

15. Qe4 +

IB. Kc4

17. Qh7

18. Qd3+

19. Qbl+

20. Kd3

21. Kc2

22. Qal

23.'Kdl

24. QaG

25. Q^e2+

=0 *

= uiq d4=wk e5

=bn d5

=bb b7

*=bk c7

1. Qa7

2. Qa5

3. Qc3+

Kg4Kg3Kg4Kg5Ng6KhbBg3Bel

Nbl +

Nc3+

Ndl +

Nb2Bc3Kb3Be5Kc3Kd2Kd3Kd4Nd3Ke3Bb2Kd2NclNe2KelBelNf4 +

Ne2KflBf4Bc7

NbBKcGKd7

4. Qc5

5. Qc2

6. Qh7 +

7. Qf7

8. Qc4

9. Qcl

10. Qc3

11. Qc5

12. KfB

13. Qf8

14. Ke5

15. Qg7

16. QfB

17. KdB

18. Qf8++

=0 *

=wq h8

=wk a8

-bn e5

=bb c7

=bk bG

1. Qhl

2. Kb7

3. Qe4

4. Kc8

5. Kd8

6. Qc2+

7. Qdl+

8. Kd7

9. Qb3

10. Kc6

11. Kc5

12. Qb2+

13. Qd4+

14. KdG15. Qd5+

1G. Qe6+

17. Qf5

18. Ke6

19. KdS

20. Ke4

21. Qfl

22. KfB

23. KeG

24. Qc4

25. Kf7

26. Qe2+

27. Qg4

28. Qg7+

29. Qh8+

30. Q=d8

Nc8Bc6Kd8Ba4Nb6Be8Nc8Bd7Be8Kd7Ne7Kd8Bb5

Bd3

Kc5BdGNc4Nb6 +

Nd5Kd4Ke5Bb4Bd2Ne7+

Bg5Ke4KfBNgGKfBKg7Bf4+

Nf8+

NgGBe5BfBNh4 +

Bg5KhBKh5KhGBd8Kh5Kg4

959

=0*uq-uk-bn=bb=bk1.2.3.4.5.G.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.

#aBa7e4c6c5Qf8+Qg7+Qb2QclKbGQalQf 1 +Qf4 +Qe3Kc6KdGQd2Ke5Qa5Kd5QelKe4Kd4Ke3Qh4Kd4QelQc3 +Qd2Qb4Qa3Kc3Kd2Qb4Kc3Q:b2++

Kd4Kc4Nc3Bf3Kd4Kc4Be2Kd5Kc4Bd3Ne2Nc3Ne2Kb3Kc2Ba6Nc3+Ne2 +Nc3Ndl +Nb2Bd3KblBc2KclKblNdl +Nb2BdlKcl

4.0 Cheron, Lehr- und Hand-buch derEndspiele. Many 5-man positionswere tested against data bases inx-xi.85 during the fortnight of AJR'svisit to Ken Thompson in New Jer-sey.4.1 All 0401 examples have correctverdicts.4.2 In 0410 two verdicts are in error.409 (a5a8 0410 a5b7cl) is a drawBTM: l...Ra7+ 2.Kb6 Kb8! 3.RflRc7 4.Rf8+ Rc8 5.Rf7 Rc2(c4)6.Bb4 Kc8 7.Bc5 Kd8 (Re2) 8.Kc6

Re2 9.Bb4 Rc2 + (Re-) 10.Kd6 Ke8ll.Rfl Re2 (many!) 12.Kc6 Re6 (Rd8)13.Bd6 Kd8 14.Ral Ke8 15 .Ra7 Rh6(i.a.) 16.Re7 + Kd8 17.Rf7 Re618.Rf8-f Re8 19.Rf6 Rel (i.a.)2O.Bc5Re2 drawn.4.3 In 0410 412 (b6b8 0410 h3c7c6) isadrawWTM:l.Be4Rc3!5.0 Averbakh (Russian edition,1982). Every move in 4000.10 waschecked. Errors were to be expectedand if one includes departures fromoptimality many (far too many toenumerate) were found.5.1 Fig.6 shows the position after3.. .Qh8 in Fontana and Roycroft (1stPrize, British Chess Federation, 1957- see 309 in TTC), and the outputfrom the computer.

Chess GamesNovember 9, 1985

(+2) 1

Initial Position

(14)

(0) 1 £>c6 (+2) 1(+3) 1 &e7 (+6) 1 # d 7 (+6)

(+6) 1 ^ d 3 (+6) 1 ^ a 6 t (+12) 1(+13) 1 #c7 t (+15) 1 # h 2 (+16)

1 ... a4 (14)

1 ... b4 (-10)(13)

(+2) 2 &d7i (+6) 2 #f5 (+6) 2(+7) 2 ^f7 (+14) 2 # d 3 (+14) 2(+16) 2 ^c6 t (+18) 2 # d l t (+24)

2 ... a5 (13)

#a3(-10)3 ^ e 4 (12)

(+2) 3 ^c5t (+2) 3 #a2t (+3) 3

960

g (+7) 3 #h4 (+7) 3 #d3 (+8) 3(+8) 3 T̂f7 (+9) 3 ^ra6t (+14) 3 >grc7t(+17)

3 ... $b5 (12)

3 ... ^g7t (0) ^b2t (0) b6 (-4)(-4) ^rh6 (-4) # g 2 (-4)(-4) # h l (-4)

10 b8 (5)10 a4 (0) c4 (0) 4>c6 (-2) ^»a6 (-3)$b6 (-3) *a5 (-3) # h 6 (-3) ^ h 3 (-3)>grhl (-3)

11 #c7 (4)

11 a8 (+1) 11 c8 (+2) 11(+9)

11 ... &h5 (4)

.. -£rh3 (-1) ^rh4 (-1) #xc7t (-2)

(-2) ^rb2 (-2) # h l (-2)12 ^d7t (3)

12 $>a7 (+1) 12 # b 7 t (+2) 12 ̂ e 7 (+2) 12£>c8 (+3) 12 ^>a8 (+19) 12 £>b7 (+22) 12>grc2 (+29)

12... c5 (0) «>c4 (-1) £>b6 (-1)

13 ^ a 4 t (2)

13 >grc6t (0) 13 >grd3t (0) 13 ̂ d 6 t (+1) 13>grc8t (+2) 13 # e 6 t (+2) 13 ̂ a 7 t (+2) 13#b7 t (+3) 13 &e7 (+13) 13 a8 (+20) 13 c7 (+21)

13.. . $>b6 (2) 14 ^rd4+ (1)

14 #b3 t (+2) 14 # b 4 t (+2) 14 ̂ a 7 t (+3)

14... b5 (1) 15 h8^r (1)

Yuri Bazlov, from Vladivostok in theSoviet Far East.

(with acknowledgement to "64").

961

6. The 10 study positions of the com-puter micro test reported in EG63(ii81) were also solved, later, and withgreat success, by Ken Thompson'sBELLE - only one move gave trou-ble!7. The sixth conference in the seriesAdvances in Computer Chess tookplace in London in viii90. The papersare now published. They include Tomake dumb skill endgame data basesspeak', jointly authored by Don Bealand AJR.8. Lewis Stiller (see EG98) discardedhis 5-man data bases. And why?Well, why retain what can be regene-rated within a minute or two?! Whata world we live in, when all that weneed is for everyone to have access tothe Connection Machine and to bean ace programmer! In addition topawnless endings Stiller also genera-ted many data bases with a pawn.Bare statistics are in the ICCA Jour-nal.

c4c4c4d4c4d4d4d4c4d4d4

d5d5d3e5d3c5c5e5b5c3c5

e4e6e2f6c2b6d6d6a4b4b4

b7b3b5c3b5e3a3g3d7ele7

3345668891010

Our thanks go to Peter Jensen andHans Rasmussen, leading program-mers of DEEP THOUGHT in theUSA and ChessBase in Germany res-pectively, for supplying the identicalinformation independently.

ZUGZWANGS in GBR class 0014The left-hand column shows theBTM solution depth. The right-handcolumn is a serial number. This list is

*c*ZUGZWANG POSITIONS IN4-MAN PAWNLESS ENDGAMESGBR class 1300-GBR class 0130-GBR class 0103 -0130wK

a3c3c3c3c40103wK

c3c3c4c4c3c4c4

-RvswR

alalg6h5e6

-RvswR

d4d4c3c5c4d5d3

.BbK

c2b5a2a4a3

.SbK

c5e5a4a4a3c6e4

none518

bB

bla4f8clf2

bS

b2b2ala7a6b3bl

depth(BTM)22111314

depth(BTM)1122333

UI UCICU

square.

05030603030505030303070909045262183029595649

wKa2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3

vy v

wBc5d2d2d2d2d4d4elelele4f4b5f2a2a2b4c5c5flc2h5

wSe4d3e4hih3c2d3flf5g2a4b3blb3a7hic3e3f2b2a7g2

UcllC

bKa4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4c2c3alalalalalalalal

W1LI11I

bSdldldldldldldldldldlelflb8bla6c5c5c6c6c6d3d3

1 WIV

001002003004005006007008009010011012013014015016017018019020021022

962

501362131238111135155930302658054825523564283603030603030305050505040404612721453039383821214913400351

a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3a3

d5b4c2e3e3e3f4f4f4f4h5f4f4f4g4f2g4f4a2e3f3f4e3d3d3d3d3d3d3e2e2e2g2e3e3e3a4ele3b3b4dldldle3e3a4b2b3b2b3

c3e2b2flf5h3a6b7d3d7f8b8d8f8c7f3c7e6h3glh2f8h3d4ele5glh2h4f2f6g3d6flhih5dlb4d4b4e3b2c5f2d4d4a2d4a2d4a2

alalalalalalalalalalalalalalalalalalalalalalala5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5a5blblblblblblblblblblblblblblbl

d4e4e4e4e4e4e4e4e4e4e5e7e7e7e7flf4f5g3g3g3h4h5d2d2d2d2d2d2d2d2d2d2e2e2e2a2a5a6b2b6clclcld7e4e7e7f8glg7

023024025026027028029030031032033034035036037038039040041042043044045046047048049050051052053054055056057058059060061062063064065066067068069070071072073

410323494818601313020227201727123824102921211818182560152560090708115818060606040501020503060505030303

a3a3a3a3a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4a4b2b2b2b2b2b2b2b2b2b2

dlb2b2dlf5a3e2d8d4b4b4c5a3a3cld4g7cld4g6a3a3a3a3a3clc2f4d4e7e3d4e3c5b3a3b7b7b7d3b4c3c4d5e2e4e4e4flflfl

a2d4ela2dlc5f2b3h7dld3d3b5e2d4f8d4e2g6d2c7d6f4glg3d4d3d3d3d5d2g2f3d4d3ela3a5b3b5b5b7a3f4e3a3d2e3glg5h2

blblblblalala2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a2a6a6a6a6a6blblc3c3c4c5c6a4b4b4b4b4b4b4b4b4b4

h2h4h4h4d5f2a3a6a8blblc2c6c6c7c7c7d5d5d6d8d8d8d8d8e7f6g4h7b7cld3d3glc2f7a7a7a7alblb3clelelelelelelelel

074075076077078079080081082083084085086087088089090091092093094095096097098099100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124

963

070809090101010147103450396301010202590202013139290309332929341023052927192526272928580527172317232626

b2b2b2b2b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3b3

f4g4g4e3a2a2a2a2e2e2e2e2e2c2a2a2a2a2d5a2a2c4a4dla3e2e2e2b2b2dle3a3b4b2b2b2b2b2b2c5c5fla3a3a3a3b2b2a3a3

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DIAGRAMS AND SOLUTIONS

No. 8179Gerchen-Gubanov (iv-vi.79)1st Prize, Themes-64, 1978-179

award: x-xii.80

Draw 4 + 5

No.8179: Gerchen-Gubanov(USSR). Judge: Yohanan Afek(Israel). The composer is otherwiseunknown. We have been unable totrace a final award. l.Se4Bxe4 + 2.Kxe4 Sc5+ 3.Kd5 Sf4 +4.Kc4 Bal 5.h8Q/i Bxh8 6.Bd7 +Sxd7 stalemate.i) 5.Bd7 + ? Sxd7 6.h8Q Sb6 + wins.'A typical passage of arms withminor pieces leads to a charmingmodel stalemate. Charming!

Rxf2 4.Rxf2 Rel+ 5.Kd5 Rdl + /i6.Kc6 alQ 7.Rf8+ Ka7 8.Ra5 +Qxa5 9.Ra8 + Kxa8 stalemate,i) alQ 6.Rf8+ Kb7 7.Rf7 + Kb68.Rc6 + Kb5 9.Rb7+ draw.'In his endeavours to escape a net ofperpetual checks Bl delays promo-ting with the aim of making an inter-mediate check - and having done sofinds that he has constructed a sur-prising stalemate net for his oppo-nent!

No. 8181 G. Zakhodyakin (i-iii.79)3rd Prize, Themes-64, 1978-79

Draw

No. 8180 D. Gurgenidze andG.A. Nadareishvili (x-xii.79)

2nd Prize, Themes-64, 1978-79

4 + 5

No.8181: G.Zakhodyakin (USSR).l.Sa3+ Kd2 2.Rd5 + Ke2 3.Re5 +Kf2 4.Rf5 + Kg2 5.Rb5 hlQ 6.RblQh5 7.Rb2 + Kf3 8.Rb3 + Ke49.Rb4 + drawn.'This version of an idea ofKozlowski's (Swiat Szachowy, 1932)has a superior introduction and asto-nishing economy. It leads in the mostnatural way to the central idea!There is a Zakhodyakin versiondated 1947, but the present miniatureis perfect. See EG18 p45, K12.

No.8180: D.Gurgenidze and No.8182: Eduard Asaba (Moscow).G.A.Nadareishvili (Georgian SSR). I.c7/i Rh7 + 2.Kg6 (Kxh7?l.Rc5 + Kb8 2.Rxe2 Rf7+ 3.Ke4 Rxd7 + ;)Rg7 + 3.Kf6 Rf7 + 4.Kxe6

981

fRxd7 5.Bf6 + /ii Ke4 6.Sf2 + Kf47.Sh3 + /iii Ke4 8.Sg5 + Kf4 9.Be5 +Rxe5 + 10.Kxd7Rd5+ ll.Ke7wins.i) l.Bxb6 + ? Kxd3 2.c7 Rf6 + 3.Kg7Rxd7 + 4.Kxf6 Rxd7 5.Bxd7 Kc2draw. l.Sb4? R5xd7 2.cd Rxd73.Bxb6 + Kc4 4.Sc2 Kc3 draw,ii) 5.c8Q? Rxd8 6.Qc2 R8d6+, withperpetual check.iii) 7.Be5 + ? Rxe5 + 8.Kxd7 Rd5 +9.Ke6 Re5+ 10.Kd6 Re8. 7.Bg5 + ?Kxg5 8.c8Q R7d6+ 9.Ke7 Rd7 +10.Qxd7Rxd7-f- H.Kxd7Kf412.Kc6Ke3.'BPs heroic fight to stop promotioncomes up against a clever manoeuvreby the pair of W pieces having thetask of stopping the perpetual check!Or mate!

No. 8182 E. Asaba (x-xii.79)1. Hon. Mention,

Themes-64, 1978-79

No. 8183 A. Maksimovskikh andYu. Makletsov (iv-vi.79)

2 Hon. Mention, Themes-64,1978-79

No.8183: A.Maksimovskikh andYu.Shupletsov (USSR). l.a8Q + /iKxa8 2.Kc7 Qd6+ 3.Kxd6 Kb74.f8Q hlQ 5.Qa8 + Kxa8 6.Kc7Qh2 + 7.d6 Qxd6+ 8.Kxd6 Kb79.h7 b2 10.h8Q blQ ll.Qa8 + Kxa812.Kc7 wins.i) l.fSQ? Qg5 + draws, l.dc + ? Qxc6draws.'I have always liked it when bothsides sacrifice the same piece type -the effect of this splendid idea isenhanced when the piece is the Q.But there petition of the same criticalsquares is a little mechanical! Cf.Korolkov and Mitrofanov (1957),No.l2 82in'1357\

No. 8184 E. Pogosyants (i-iii.79)1 Comm., Themes-64,

1978-79

No.8184: Ernest Pogosyants. l.Kd8/i, with: Rb6 2.c8S/ii Rxb8 (Rb7;Bd6) 3.Bc6+ Rb7 4.Sd6 wins, orRg8+ 2.Be8 Rh8 3.Ba7/iii (c8Q?Rxe8 + ;) Kxa7 4.c8Q wins,i) l.Be6? Rxe6/iv 2.Kd7 Rc6 3.Kxc6stalemate.ii) 2.Ba7 + ? Kxa7 3.c8Q Rb8 draw,iii) 3.c8Q? Rxe8 + . 3.c8R? Kb64.Kd7 Rh7 + 5.Kd8 Rh8 6.Kd7Rh7+ draw.iv) Rg8 + ; is given a '? ' because of3.Kd7, but it draws too: Rxb84.Bd5 + Ka7.'Efficacious promotion in a minia-ture, whose main merit lies in thepositional draw after 3.c8R? Kb7!The 0410 data base (which the com-poser never experienced) confirmsthe draw after 4.R- Kxb8.

982

B5 M. Zinar(iv2 Comm.,

Themes-64, 1978-79

Draw 5 + 4

No.8185: M.Zinar (USSR). l.Kb7 d52.b4 + Kxb4 (Kxa4; Kc6) 3.Kb6 d44.a5 d3 5.a6 d2 6.a7 dlQ 7.a8QQd6 + /i 8.Qc6/ii Qxc6 + 9.Kxc6Kc4 10.Kd6(d7) Kd4, and the secondphase starts, ll.Ke6 Ke3 12.Kf5 g313.Kg4 Kf2 14.Kh3 h5 stalemate,i) Otherwise there is no forced Q-ec-xhange.ii) On other moves the subsequentQ-swap wins for Bl, for example:8.Ka7? Qc5 + ,and a8 becomes theexchanging-off square.'This is the best of the article's (inThemes-64 in 1979) interestingendeavours to synthesise classicthemes into P-studies!

No. 8186 P. .loit-lst Prize, Schwei/erischeSchachzeitung 1981-1982

award: vi.83

No.8186: P.Joitsa (Romania).Judge: A.J.Roycroft. l.Sh6 + /i

Kf4/ii 2.Bg3 + Kg5/iii 3.Sf5 Rd2 +4.Kh3Rxg6 5.Sh4,with:Rf6 6.Sf3 + Rxf3 pin stalemate, orRh6 6.Bf4 + Kxf4 pin stalemate,i) l.Se7? Rd2+ 2.Kgl Kxh4 3.Sf5 +Kg5 4.Sxg7 Kxg6 5.Se6 Kf5 6.Sc5Rd5 7.Sb3 Rd 38.Sc5 Rc3 9.Sa4 Rc2wins.ii) Kf3 2.Bh5 + Ke4 3.Sg4 draw,iii) Kf3 3.Sf5 Rd2 + 4.Kh3 Rxg65.Sh4 + draw.'The whole impact is in the finalecho, which happens so quickly thatit might even be overlooked: wBsacrifices for a stalemate where bS ispinned, and wS sacrifices for a stale-mate where wB is pinned. This logi-cal symmetry occurs in pure, paw-nless form, and all pieces move.True, to be a top class study so

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