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Wireless Control That Simply Works


Copyright © 2007 ZigBeeTM

Al liance. Al l Rights Reserved.


Wireless Sensors and Control Networks:

Enabling New Opportunities

Bob HeileChairman, ZigBee Alliance

April 3, 2007



Slide 2


ZigBeeTM Alliance | Wireless Control That Simply Works

From Popular Science Magazine



Slide 3



The IEEE 802 Wireless Space

Data Rate (Mbps)

R a

n g e

ZigBee

802.15.4 802.15.3

802.15.3cWPAN

WLAN

WMAN

WWAN

WiFi

802.11

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

Bluetooth

802.15.1

IEEE 802.22

WiMax

IEEE 802.16

IEEE 802.20


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/measures-of-fuzziness-classical-measures-of-uncertaintymeasures-of-fuzziness 4/44Slide 4



• Networks that can form by themselves, scale to

large sizes and operate very reliably for yearswithout any operator intervention

• Very long battery life (years off of a AA cell), very

low infrastructure cost (low device & setup costs)and very low complexity and small size

• Device data rate and QoS needs are low• Standardized protocols are necessary to allow

multiple vendors to interoperate

Sensor/Control Network

Requirements





ZigBee Alliance Overview-

• Organized as an independent, neutral, nonprofit

corporation in 2002• Open and global

• Anyone can join and participate

• Membership is from all over the world

• Activity includes

• Specification creation

• Certification and compliance programs

• Branding, market development, and user education





The ZigBee Alliance --

• Is a growing community of companies

• ~220 members vs. 35 Dec. ’02 (7+X Growth)

• Includes Chip Makers, Software Developers and End

Product Manufacturers– as well as Service Providers

• Has made its specification publicly available• ZigBee is open to all

• 42,000+ downloads to date

• Has announced its 34th compliant platform• ZigBee is all about multi-source with no dominating

elements or companies

• Watch for news at www.zigbee.org





ZigBee Promoter Companies

http://www.zigbee.org/en/about/profile_auto.asp?Memberid=1359











TELECOMSERVICES

m-commerceinfo services

object interaction(Internet of Things)

ZigBee Applications

ZigBeeWireless Control that

Simply Works

HOME

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TVVCR

DVD/CDremote

securityHVAClighting control

access controlirrigation

PC &

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgtprocesscontrol

environmentalenergy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

securityHVAC AMR

lighting controlaccess control

mousekeyboard joystick

patientmonitoringfitness

monitoring





• 65,536 network (client) nodes

• 27 channels over 2 bands

• 250Kbps data rate

• Optimized for timing-criticalapplications and power

management

• Full Mesh Networking Support

Network coordinator

ZigBee Router ZigBee End Device

Communications flow

Virtual links

Basic Network Characteristics



Slide 10



Slide Courtesy of

ZigBee Mesh Networking



Slide 11



Slide Courtesy of




Slide 12



Slide Courtesy of




Slide 13



Slide Courtesy of




Slide 14



Slide Courtesy of




Slide 15



ZigBee Compliant Platform [ZCP]

• Platform certification - ensures all parts of the stack other than theapplication are compliant with the ZigBee Standard

• Allows Network interoperability but does not imply interoperabilityat the application layer

• There are currently 34 Compliant Platforms to choose from

Physical Radio (PHY)Physical Radio (PHY)

Medium Access (MAC)Medium Access (MAC)

Application Application ZDO

NWKNWK

App Support (APS) App Support (APS)

SSPSSP

ZigBee CompliantPlatform



Slide 16



Application Profiles

• Application profiles define what messages are sent over the air for a givenapplication

• Devices with the same application profiles interoperate end to end

• ZigBee publishes a set of public profiles, but vendors may create manufacturerspecific ones as well




NWKNWK


SSPSSP

Clusters

0: off

1: on2: scene 1

3: scene 2

Clusters

0: fan off

1: fan on2: temp set

3: time set



Slide 17



Manufacturer Specific Profiles

• Allows a vendor to build specialized products with a ZigBee Compliant Platform• Certification testing ensures their product does not harm other ZigBee networks

• Manufacturer specific applications are not intended to interoperate at theapplication layer

• Allows product vendor to use ZigBee language and logos on their product




NWKNWK


SSPSSPCertification testingensures applicationdoes not interferewith other ZigBeenetworks



Slide 18



ZigBee Public Profiles

• Guarantees interoperability between products all running the same publicapplication profile

• Product vendors may add additional features to the public profiles

• Allows product vendor to use ZigBee language and logos on their product




NWKNWK


SSPSSPEnsures applicationconforms to aspecific publicapplication profile



Slide 19



Interoperability Summary

• Devices built on ZigBee interoperate on different levels

• Wide spectrum of interoperability choices

• It’s a designer choice on level of vendor interoperability to support

Interopcapable

starting point Network interop

Public application

interop

Manufacturer

Specificapplication interop

ZigBee Compliant

Platform [ZCP]

ZigBee Manufacturer Specific

Application ProfilesZigBee Public

Application Profiles



Slide 20



Some Application Profiles

• Home Automation [HA] – Defines set of devices used in home

automation

• Light switches

• Thermostats

• Window shade• Heating unit

• etc

• Industrial Plant Monitoring[IPM] – Consists of device definitions for

sensors used in industrial control

• Temperature

• Pressure sensors

• Infrared

• etc



Slide 21



More Application Profiles

• Multiple profiles are in development

– Commercial Building Automation• Building control, management, and monitoring

– Advance Metering Initiative

• Addresses utility meter reading/load control/demand response

– Telecom Services-Mcommerce

• Vendors may form new profile groups within ZigBee

and/or propose manufacturer specific profiles for

consideration



Slide 22



ZigBee – Highly Reliable

• Mesh networking protocol provides redundant paths

• Automatic retries and acknowledgements• Parents keep track of messages for sleeping children

• High intrinsic interference tolerance – Multiple channels

– Support for Frequency agility

– Robust modulation



Slide 23



ZigBee – Highly Secure

• Utilizes AES 128-bit encryption

• Concept of a “trust center”

• Link and network keys

• Authentication and encryption

• Security can be customized for the

application• Keys can be “hard-wired” into application



Slide 24



Application Examples



Slide 25



Home Awareness

Home Heartbeat



Slide 26



Home Entertainment & Control



Slide 27



In-Home Patient Monitoring

• Patients receive better care at reducedcost with more freedom and comfort--- – Patients can remain in their own home

• Monitors vital statistics and sends via internet

• Doctors can adjust medication levels

– Allows monitoring of elderly family member • Sense movement or usage patterns in a home

• Turns lights on when they get out of bed

• Notify via mobile phone when anomalies occur

• Wireless panic buttons for falls or other problems

– Can also be used in hospital care

• Patients are allowed greater movement

• Reduced staff to patient ratio

graphic

graphic



Slide 28



Commercial Lighting Control

• Wireless lighting control

– Quantifiable Energy savings – Light switches/sensors anywhere

– Customizable lighting schemes

– Dimmable intelligent ballasts

– Opportunities in residential, light

commercial and commercial

• Extendable networks

– Lighting network can be integratedwith and/or be used by other

building control solutions



Slide 29



Reduced cost and complexity of system installation

Simplicity of Commissioning

Wireless Lighting Control-key value drivers

Simplify Lighting Control System design in both

new construction and retrofi t applications



Slide 30



Easy and intuitive to use facilitating improved

worker productivity

Operating cost and complexity reductions

Improved energy management and control

Wireless Lighting Control-key value drivers

HVAC E M



Slide 31



HVAC Energy Management

• Hotel energy management

– Centralized HVAC

management allow hotel

operator to make sure

empty rooms are not cooled

– Easy to Retrofit – Battery operated

thermostats, occupancy

detectors, humidistats can

be placed for convenience – Personalized room settings

at check-in



Slide 32



AMR network example



Slide 33



• Rapid method to help manage global

electric generation shortage and meet

existing and pending legislation forenergy control

• Can network with other ZigBee devices

in the home for load control – e.g.

Heating/AC, Security, Lighting, White

Goods

• Worldwide Standard ZigBee allowscommunications between various meter

types from different manufacturers.

Advanced Metering Platform with ZigBee

Water

Meter

Gas

Meter

AC

AMRON

Client 1

ZigBee®

In-premise Networks



Slide 34



ZigBee In premise Networks

Interface Consumer’s Devices



Slide 35



ZigBee Enables the “Smart Grid”

Sources: Itron website[http://www.itron.com/pages/openway.asp/];

DCSI presentation

ZigBee empowers in-home communication for:

• customer communication

• data presentation

• load control

• demand response

ZigBee enables utilities to meet their business needs,to support the ongoing development of the “smartgrid” and to empower customers



Slide 36



SCE’s Vision for Advanced Metering

SCE envisions a potential advanced metering system as one that could bring customer usage and meter datainto the digital “central nervous system” of its power operations. An advanced metering system could be theinformation backbone for technologies that measure usage and power quality, and enable dynamic pr icing anddemand response. The advanced system may enable customer-premise information and automation.

The scope of SCE’s metering solution is to replace approximately 5 million electric meters for SCE’sresidential, commercial and industrial customers (below 200kW in demand)…While SCE is an electric utility, we

anticipate that the preferred solution would provide a communications network that could be leveraged bygas and water utili ties in our service territory. Source: SCE website

[http://www.sce.com/PowerandEnvironment/ami/vision/]

SCE’s AMI Program was recognized as

the 2005/2006 Best AMR Init iative in aNorth American Investor-Owned Utility

in August 2006 by the Utility Planning

Network.

Beyond the Home



Slide 37



from a Telecom perspective

Service

Center DistributionNetwork

Digital Smart City Access Control

Parking payment system

Infomobil ity services (e.g. traffic

control)

Environmental Monitoring

Localization

M-Commerce Services m-payments (bar, shops,

supermarkets)

m-ticketing (cinema, train, bus)

Home

Automation&Control Lights, HVAC, Domestic

appliances Entertainment (e.g. DTT)

Healthcare, Tele-assis tance

Monitoring & Security (e.g.

temperature, gas)

Mobile

Terminal

ZZ--SIM is theSIM is the hub of the interaction between user and objectshub of the interaction between user and objects

ZigBee

Smart Home

bil d i

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Slide 38



Mobile Handset as ZigBee Gateway

• Use mobile handset as a gateway to collect and display

information

• In a mobile phone a ZigBee enabled SIM, the personal token,can play the Gateway role

Service

Center NETWORK

OPERATOR

INFRASTRUCTURE1.

Confirmation

for buying

“Il fuggiasco”.

Push Ok.ZigBee Network

The Telecom operator does more than transport data: Trust-Center : security, user authentication, reliability

Service Provider of new value-added services

Service management, configuration and

personalization

C (1) S



Slide 39



Use Case (1) : DTT STB

CustomersDatabase

& Billing

Pay-TV

DB

Encrypted Signal

DTT with ZigBee node

STEP 1:

The event (e.g. a film) is selected

SIM Card

ZigBee Node

STEP 2: Data Exchange via ZigBee

The decoder sends the code event to

the Z-SIM, asking to buy the selected

event

STEP 3:Transaction with SMS

The mobi le phone with

SIMTOOLKIT application

init iates the transactionStep 4: Unblock decoder

The Pay TV provider unblocks theuser smart-card and releases the

event

1.Confirmation

for buying

“Il fuggiasco”.

Push Ok.

U C (2) Ci E l



Slide 40



Use Case (2): Cinema Example

DB

Do you

confirm the

purchase of

“ La fabbrica di

cioccolato”?

STEP 2:

User having Z-SIM

is recognized by

the environment

and is invited to

buy a cinema ticket

GPRS/UMTS

Encrypted

SMS

Step 3:

The users with SIMTOOLKIT appl ication buy the

content. The operator manages the bil l

transaction and downloads the token to the SIM

for enabling the access to the cinema

STEP 1:

Environment with ZigBee node

Cinema

Step 4:

The token is received

and sent to the printer

via ZigBee

The ticket is

automatically printed

ZigBee Enables Enhanced Value



Slide 41



ZigBee Enables Enhanced Value

Safety

Security

Location

Maintenance

Why ZigBee and 802 15 4 ?



Slide 42



Why ZigBee and 802.15.4 ?

• Vibrant industry support with thirty or more vendorssupplying products and services

• Open Standards protocol with no or negligible licensing fees

• Chipsets available from multiple sources

• Remotely upgradeable firmware

• No new wires

• Low power (ability to operate on batteries measured in years)

• Reliable

• Low maintenance (meshing, self organizing)

• Ability to scale to hundreds (thousands) of devices

• Standards based security [AES128]

• Ability to read gas meters

Source: SCE website

Closing Thought



Slide 43



“Just as the personal computer was a symbol of

the '80s, and the symbol of the '90s is the World Wide Web, the next nonlinear shift, is going to be

the advent of cheap sensors.”

-Paul Saffo

Institute for the Future

Closing Thought

More Information



Slide 44



More Information

ZigBee Alliance Web Site

http://www.ZigBee.org

Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance Chairman, [email protected]

Be a part of the future-Join the ZigBee Alliance

Visit the ZigBee Pavilian

http://www.zigbee.org/

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.zigbee.org/

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