mechanical commissioning and report guidelines

Mechanical commissioning & Report Guidlines

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HNG DN CHY TH NGHIM BO CO H THNG C MECHANICAL COMMISSIONING & REPORT GUIDELINES

1. Tng qut......................................................................................................................... 3

General ............................................................................................................................ 3

1.1. M t ....................................................................................................................... 3 Functional description ............................................................................................. 3

1.2. Tham chiu cho ..................................................................................................... 3 Cross references ..................................................................................................... 3

1.3. Tiu chun .............................................................................................................. 4 Standards ................................................................................................................ 4

1.4. K hoch hon tt ................................................................................................... 4 Completion program ................................................................................................ 4

1.5. Nhng th nghim lin quan ................................................................................... 5 Related tests ........................................................................................................... 5

2. Trnh duyt ...................................................................................................................... 5 Submissions .................................................................................................................... 5

3. Hon tt ........................................................................................................................... 6 Completion ...................................................................................................................... 6

3.1. Tin nghim thu ...................................................................................................... 6 Pre-commissioning .................................................................................................. 6

3.2. Chy th v nghim thu .......................................................................................... 7 Commissioning ........................................................................................................ 7

3.3. Ti chy th v nghim thu ................................................................................... 10 Recommissioning .................................................................................................. 10

3.4. Thit b o ............................................................................................................. 11 Instrumentation ..................................................................................................... 11

3.5. o n ................................................................................................................ 16 Sound pressure level measurements .................................................................... 16

4. H thng khng kh ...................................................................................................... 16 Air Systems ................................................................................................................... 16

4.1. Cn bng gi ......................................................................................................... 16 Air Balancing ......................................................................................................... 16

4.2. Ch vn hnh khi c chy ................................................................................ 21 Fire mode operation .............................................................................................. 21


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4.3. R bn ngoi van gi iu khin ng c ............................................................. 22 Motorised outside air damper leakage .................................................................. 22

4.4. Bo co cn bng gi............................................................................................ 23 Air balance reports ................................................................................................ 23

4.5. Chnh lch p sut khng kh trong phng ........................................................... 26 Room air pressure differentials ............................................................................. 26

5. H thng nc .............................................................................................................. 28 Water systems ............................................................................................................... 28

5.1. Cn bng nc ..................................................................................................... 28 Water balancing .................................................................................................... 28

5.2. Bo co cn bng nc ........................................................................................ 32 Water balance reports ........................................................................................... 32

6. iu khin ...................................................................................................................... 35 Controls ......................................................................................................................... 35

6.1. iu khin t ng ................................................................................................ 35 Automatic controls ................................................................................................. 35

6.2. Kim sot an ton ................................................................................................. 35 Safety controls ...................................................................................................... 35

7. Hon tt ......................................................................................................................... 36 Completion .................................................................................................................... 36

7.1. Th nghim hon tt ............................................................................................. 36 Completion tests ................................................................................................... 36

7.2. Hng dn vn hnh ............................................................................................ 37 Operator instruction ............................................................................................... 37

7.3. Chng nhn .......................................................................................................... 37 Certification ........................................................................................................... 37


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1. Tng qut General

1.1. M t Functional description

Mt nhm cc chuyn vin c s dng thc hin chy th v nghim thu cc h thng c kh. Nhm ny c kinh nghim v nng lc p ng c yu cu ca Nh t vn. Chy th v nghim thu cc trang thit b c kh l mt giai on ht sc quan trng v nhm chuyn vin cn tham gia vo d n ngay t giai on u tin. Khong 1 thng trc ngy c in thng trc cp n cng trng. Mt h thng c nghim thu y v lp thnh h s cn c vo cui d n, v chng ny ca b qui nh k thut ch m t cc hot ng ti thiu cn thit. A specialist team is to be engaged to carry out the commissioning of the mechanical

services. Their experience and aptitude meets the approval of the Engineer.

The commissioning of the mechanical plant is a critical stage and the specialist team

need to be involved with the project from an early stage. This should be

approximately 1 month prior to the availability of permament electrical power to the

site.

A fully commissioned and documented system is required at the end of the project,

and this section of the specification describes the minimum activities required.

1.2. Tham chiu cho Cross references

Tng qut / General Tham chiu n chng Nhng yu cu chung cho thi cng. Refer to the General specification Chapter.

Cc chng lin quan / Related Chapters Nhng yu cu chung cho thi cng, Lc gi, My lnh trung tm, my lnh cc b, Bm, Qut, Cch nhit c kh. General specification for construction, Air Filters, Chiller, Pakaged air conditioner,

Pums, Fans, Mechanical insulation


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1.3. Tiu chun Standards

Tng qut / General o lu lng khng kh qut v ng gi > 1000 L/s: theo ISO 5802. Th nghim, cn bng, chy th v nghim thu ngoi tr o lu lng khng kh qut v ng gi: theo ASHRAE Standard111 hoc CIBSE Commissioning Codes A, B, C, R v W.

Phn tch thng k: theo ASHRAE Guideline 2 (RA 96) Engineering Analysis of Experimental Data.

Tm tit lu v ng h ng khuch tn: theo BS 1042. Measurement of fan and duct air quantity > 1000 L/s: To ISO 5802.

Testing, balancing and commissioning except fan and duct air quantity

measurement: To ASHRAE Standard 111 or CIBSE Commissioning Codes A, B, C,

R and W.

Statistical analysis: To ASHRAE Guideline 2 (RA 96) Engineering Analysis of

Experimental Data.

Orifice plates and venturi meters: To BS 1042.

1.4. K hoch hon tt Completion program

Tng qut / General Trnh duyt: cung cp mt k hoch bm st vi, v to thnh mt phn ca tin thi cng. Lp tin ngh hon tt, chy th v nghim thu, th nghim v hng dn. Xc nh cc cng tc lin quan v thi im ca cc cng tc c yu cu trc hon tt thnh cng v ng hn cc cng tc. Submissions: Provide a program consistent with, and forming part of, the

construction program. Set out the proposed program for completion, commissioning,

testing and instruction. Identify related works and timing of the works pre-requisite to

successful and timely completion of the works.

An ton phng chy cha chy: hon tt mi th nghim v chng nhn tt c cc bin php an ton phng chy cha chy trc khi chim dng to nh.


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Fire safety: Complete testing and certification of all fire safety measures before

occupation of the building.

Xt duyt: Chnh sa tin theo nh d n tin trin. Thi gian chy ti thiu: 1 thng cho mi h thng c chp nhn cng thm 2 tun cho ton b tt c cc h thng. Revisions: Revise the program as the project proceeds.

Minimum running in period: 1 month for each accepted system plus two weeks for

the system as a whole.

1.5. Nhng th nghim lin quan Related tests

Ti th nghim / Retesting Nu khng t cc c tnh ch nh khi th nghim: xc nh v sa cha nguyn nhn gy sai li v lp li th nghim. Failure to meet specified performance under test: Identify and correct cause of failure

and repeat test.

C quan nh nc thm quyn / Statutory authorities Thc hin cc th nghim v thuyt minh v h thng cho c quan nh nc thm quyn chng kin. Hon tt th nghim cc h thng trc khi mi c quan nh nc thm quyn chng kin. Provide demonstrations and tests for witnessing by the statutory authorities.

Complete testing of systems before witness testing by the statutory authorities.

Cc cng ty khc / Other trades

H tr cc cng ty khc th nghim cc h thng khng thuc v c kh c lin quan.

Provide assistance to other trades for testing related non-mechanical systems.

2. Trnh duyt Submissions

Thi im / Timing


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Trnh duyt cc ni dung sau 2 thng trc ngy c tnh c in thng trc trn cng trng. Submit the following two months prior to the estimated permament power on date.

Nhm chuyn vin / Specialist Team

Trnh duyt kinh nghim, nng lc ca cc thnh vin nhm chy th v nghim thu. Submit the experience, qualifications of the commissioning team members.

Trang thit b / Equipment Trnh duyt ti liu thit b v giy chng nhn hiu chun cho thit b th nghim c s dng. Submit the product data and up-to-date calibration certificates for the testing

equipment to be used.

Th tc v biu mu chy th v nghim thu / Test & Commissioning Procedures and Forms

Trnh duyt th tc v biu mu c s dng thc hin cc hot ng th nghim, chy th v nghim thu. Submit the procedures and forms that will be used to carry out the T&C activities.

Tin / Schedule Trnh duyt tin thc hin th nghim & chy th v nghim thu. Submit the testing & commissioning schedule.

3. Hon tt Completion

3.1. Tin nghim thu Pre-commissioning

Bm v ng c phi cng trn mt mt phng v ng trc trn chn v mng my.

Pumps and motors to be levelled and aligned on bases and foundation pads.

Khi tt c cc s cn chnh hon tt, ng c v bm phi c bt cht bng bulon v gn cng.


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When all adjustments are completed, motor and pump shall be tightly bolted and

grouted.

Thit b lnh, ng c, my nn v cc tm m gim rung phi cn phng v ng trc trn chn v mng my. Tt c cc dung sai phi c kim tra trng thi nng v ngui. Refrigeration units, motors, condensers and associated vibrator eliminator pads to be

levelled and aligned on bases and foundation. All tolerances to be checked hot and

cold.

Bnh ai ca qut v ng c phi canh ng trc cn thn v sc cng ai phi c chnh cho ph hp vi hng dn ca nh sn xut. Fan and motor pulleys to be carefully aligned and belt tension to be properly adjusted

in accordance with manufacturers instructions.

Tt c cc thng s hot ng ca qut phi c ghi chp. All fan operating data to be recorded.

Bm c cc m c kh khng c chy th nghim cho n khi h thng c sc ra v y nc sch. Pumps with mechanical seals must not be operated for testing purposes until

systems are flushed and filled with clean water.

Cc m kn m b h hng trong qu trnh lp t v th nghim phi c thay th m khng c tnh pht sinh cho Ch u t. Tt c cc thng s hot ng ca bm phi c ghi chp, ng tp v bn giao cho nhn vin vn hnh. Seals damaged during setup and testing shall be replaced at no extra cost to the

Owner. All pump operating data to be recorded, bound and handed over to operating

personnel.

Kim tra chiu quay. Check rotations.

3.2. Chy th v nghim thu Commissioning

Tng qut / General


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Tng qut: khi hon tt lp t, nghim thu s lp t bng cch cho chy th ti thiu trong mt khong thi gian ch nh. Thc hin cc iu chnh cn thit t c cc c tnh ch nh ch hot ng lin tc, bao gm cn bng, iu chnh cc gi tr iu khin, kim tra cc hot ng ca thit b bo v an ton v qu ti, v sa ng cc hot ng sai chc nng. General: When the installation is complete, commission the installation by putting it

into working order and operating it for at least the designated running period. Make

the adjustments necessary to achieve the designated performance under continuous

operating service conditions, including balancing, setting the controls, checking the

operation of overload and safety devices, and correcting malfunctions.

Phng php chy th v nghim thu: trnh duyt cc phng php thc hin cn bng gi v cn bng nc. Commissioning methods: Submit proposed methods for air balancing and water

balancing.

Bo co / Reports

Trnh duyt bo co ch ra cc nhn xt v kt qu th nghim v s ph hp hoc khng ph hp vi cc yu cu. Submit reports indicating observations and results of tests and compliance or non-

compliance with requirements.

Thng bo / Notice

Thng bo trc kim tra c th c thc hin khi chy th v nghim thu cng tc lp t. Give sufficient notice for inspection to be made of the commissioning of the

installation.

Khi ng / Starting up Tng qut: phi hp cc k hoch khi ng cc h thng v trang thit b khc nhau. Thng bo trc 05 ngy khi khi ng mi h thng. General: Coordinate schedules for starting up of various systems and equipment.

Give 5 working days notice before starting up each item.


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Kim tra: trc khi khi ng, thm tra li rng mi phn/ b phn ca trang thit b c kim tra bi trn y , chiu quay, sc cng ai, trnh t iu khin, mch bo v hoc nhng iu kin khc c th gy ra h hng. Checks: Before starting, verify that each piece of equipment has been checked for

proper lubrication, drive rotation, belt tension, control sequence, circuit protection or

for other conditions which may cause damage.

Th nghim: Thm tra li rng cc th nghim, kt qu ch s v cc c tnh ring v in ph hp vi cc yu cu ca nh sn xut. Tests: Verify that tests, meter readings, and specified electrical characteristics agree

with those required by the manufacturer.

u dy: Thm tra rng u dy v h thng trang thit b hon tt v th nghim. Wiring: Verify wiring and support components for equipment are complete and

tested.

i din nh sn xut: Phi c mt i din nh sn xut trn cng trng kim tra, kim tra v ph duyt trang thit b hay h thng c lp t trc khi khi ng, v gim st thit b giao cho v khi ng. Manufacturers representatives: Have authorised manufacturers representatives

present on site to inspect, check, and approve equipment or system installation

before starting up, and to supervise placing equipment and operation.

- Khi ng: Thc hin khi ng di s gim st ca i din nh sn xut v nhng nhn s tng thch ca nh thu, tun theo ch dn ca nh sn xut. Starting up: Execute starting up under supervision of manufacturers representative

and appropriate contractors personnel, in accordance with manufacturers

instructions.

Bo co: trnh duyt bo co minh ho c rng trang thit b c lp t ng n v vn hnh ng tnh nng. Report: Submit a report demonstrating that equipment has been properly installed

and is functioning correctly.


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3.3. Ti chy th v nghim thu Recommissioning

Tng qut / General Ti chy th v nghim thu: lp li mt phn hoc ton b cc cng tc c ch nh nh chy th v nghim thu nhng c thc hin sau khi h thng hon tt trong hoc sau thi hn bo tr. Recommissioning: The partial or full repeat of the work specified as commissioning

but conducted after the system has been completed during or after the maintenance

period.

Phm vi / Scope Thc hin cc ni dung sau khi ti chy th v nghim thu: Ti cn bng h thng nc Ti cn bng h thng gi Provide the following as recommissioning:

Rebalance the water system.

Rebalance the air systems.

Tn sut ti chy th / Recommissioning frequency Hng nm / Annual. Hng dn ti chy th v nghim thu / Recommissioning instructions Cung cp cc ni dung sau trong cc s tay bo tr c kh thm vo vi nhng yu cu trong chng Nhng yu cu chung: - Hng dn ti chy th v nghim thu h thng. - Nhng mc tiu yu cu khi thc hin ti chy th v nghim thu. - Nhng biu mu s dng ghi chp cc thng s ti chy th v nghim thu cho nhng thay i trong h thng theo thi gian c th xc nh c. Provide the following in the mechanical maintenance manuals in addition to that

specified in the General specification Chapter:

- Instructions for recommissioning the system.


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- Recommended tasks to be conducted when recommissioning.

- Schedules to be used for recording recommissioning data so that changes in the

system over time can be identified.

3.4. Thit b o Instrumentation

Hiu chun v chng nhn / Calibration and certification Ch s dng nhng kh c c hiu chun bi cc c quan chc nng hoc cc c quan thm quyn c Nh t vn ph duyt. Cung cp giy chng nhn nu c yu cu. Use only instruments that have been calibrated by a appropriate authority or other

approved authority. Provide copies of certification if requested.

Lu lng gi ti ming thi, ming khuch tn v ming gi / Air quantity at diffusers, outlets and grilles

H s iu chnh phu hng gi: Xc nh h s iu chnh cho mi phu v mi ng h p sut bng mt trong cc phng php sau: Hood adjustment factors: Determine adjustment factor for each hood and associated

anemometer by one of the following methods:

- Kiu ming khuch tn hoc ming gi v chiu ca dng khng kh o c chng thc bi c quan chc nng. Certified by appropriate authority for the type of diffuser or grille and direction of air

flow being measured.

- Xc nh bi ng trch gi nh a ngang cho kiu ring bit ca ming khuch tn hoc ming gi v chiu ca dng khng kh s dng trong cng trnh. Determined by duct pitot traverse for the particular type of diffuser or grille and

direction of air flow being used on the project.

Kh c: Instruments:

- n v o c: tt hn 5% ca gi tr o. Accuracy: Better than 5% of measured value.


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- n v o nh nht: tt hn 1% ca gi tr o. Resolution: Better than 1% of measured value.

- Khong o: Tc o ti thiu ca kh c khng vt qu 50% ca tc cn o. Range: Minimum measured velocity for instrument not more than 50% of measured

velocity.

- Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 12 thng.

Maximum period between calibration: As recommended by manufacturer but not

more than 12 months.

Lu lng khng kh tng cng / Total system air flow i vi h thng c lu lng hn 100L/s th o tng lu lng khng kh theo ISO 5802

For systems handling over 1000 L/s measure total system air quantity to ISO 5802.

Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 12 thng.



p sut gi v p sut chnh lch / Air pressures and differential pressures Tnh nng k thut ca kh c: Instrument specifications:

- p sut 50 Pa: ng h in t hoc ng h kiu ng nghing inclined, chnh xc tt hn 5% ca ton mc. Pressures 50 Pa: Electronic meter or inclined manometer with 50 Pa full scale, accuracy better than 5% full scale.

- p sut > 50 Pa: ng h in t, c kh hoc ng nghing inclined vi mc o khng vt qu 400% gi tr o, chnh xc hn 2,5% ton mc. Pressures > 50 Pa: Electronic meter, mechanical meter or inclined manometer with

full scale not more than 400% measured value, accuracy better than 2.5% full scale.


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- Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 12 thng.



p sut nc v p sut chnh lch / Water pressure and differential pressures

Tnh nng k thut kh c: - chnh xc: hn 1% ca ton mc. - Mc o: khng vt qu 400% ca gi tr o. - Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 12 thng.

Instrument specifications:

- Accuracy: Better than 1% of full scale.

- Scale: Not more than 400% measured value.

- Maximum period between calibration: As recommended by manufacturer but not


Nhit / Temperature Tnh nng k thut ca kh c o nhit gi, nc lnh: Chilled water and air temperature instruments specifications:

- chnh xc: 2 K hoc tt hn ti gi tr o. - Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 12 thng.

Tnh nng k thut ca kh c s dng cho cc nhit khc: - chnh xc: hn 5K hoc tt hn ti gi tr o. - Chia mc o (thu ngn trong thy tinh): 1.0K hoc tt hn. - Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 12 thng.

- Accuracy: 0.2 K or better at measured value.


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Instrument specifications for other temperature applications:

- Accuracy: 0.5 K or better at measured value.

- Scale divisions (mercury-in-glass): 1.0 K or better.



Lu lng nc / Water flow Tnh nng kh c: - chnh xc: hn 5% bao gm chnh xc ca kh c o p sut chnh lch. - Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 12 thng.

- Cc thit b c chp thun: cm bin lu lng kiu ng trch gi nh. Instrument specifications:

- Accuracy: 5% including accuracy of differential pressure instrument (if used).



- Acceptable devices: Pitot tube type flow.

o in / Electrical Tnh nng kh c: - in p < 600 VAC: 3% ton mc. - in p < 30 VDC: 3% ton mc. - Dng in < 100 A: 3% ton mc. - Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 6 thng.


- Voltage < 600 VAC: 3% of full scale.


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- Voltage < 30 VDC: 3% of full scale.

- Current < 100 A: 3% of full scale.


more than 6 months.

Tc quay / Rotational speed Tnh nng kh c: - chnh xc: 5% gi tr o. - Chu k ti a gia hai ln hiu chun: ty theo nh sn xut nhng khng vt qu 24 thng.


- Accuracy: 5% of measured value.



Thit b ghi chp / Recording instruments Tnh nng kh c thu thp gi tr o theo thi gian: - chnh xc: ti thiu bng gi tr ch nh cho cc thng s vt l lin quan nu trn.

- Loi: my ghi d liu in t vi cc cm bin tng thch hoc my ghi biu nhit. My ghi biu nhit: Sc cc chi tit cm bin trc khi s dng nh yu cu ca nh sn xut. Specifications for instruments collecting measured values over time.

- Accuracy: At least equal to that specified for the corresponding physical parameter

above.

- Type: Electronic data logger with appropriate sensors or thermohydrograph.

Thermohydrographs: Charge sensing element before use as recommended by the

manufacturer.


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3.5. o n Sound pressure level measurements

Tng qut / General o n: Ghi cc mc n trong mi mt phng hp v cc phng tng t, khu vc hc/ c m, vn phng v bn ngoi tt c cc phng my. Sound pressure level measurements: Record sound pressure levels in each and

every Conference room or the like, open study/reading areas, offices and external to

all plantrooms.

Lit k tt c cc s liu v n theo nt, dBA v NC cho mi khu vc. List all acoustic data by octave, dBA and NC level for each area.

4. H thng khng kh Air Systems

4.1. Cn bng gi Air Balancing

Tng qut / General Cn bng mi h thng gi. Balance each air handling system.

Cn bng gi hon tt khi Balancing is complete when

- Tt c lu lng gi c dung sai nm trong bng dung sai lu lng gi. All air quantities are within the tolerances in Air quantity tolerance table;

- Mi lu lng gi c o trong phm vi sai s kh c ca ln c trc trn cng cu kin vi cng kh c; Each air quantity measured is within the instrument tolerance of the previous reading

on the same component with the same instrument;

- Tr lc i ngang cc coil lnh (nu c) l bng vi tr lc ca cc coil t; Resistance across the cooling coil bank (if present) is equal to the wetted coil

resistance;


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- Tr lc ti cc lc gi (nu c) l bng vi tr lc khi lc b d hon ton; Resistance of the filter bank (if present) is equal to that of the filter when fully loaded

with dirt;

- Ti thiu mt ming gi ca mi nhnh c van gi v tr st p nh nht; At least one outlet on each branch has its damper at the minimum pressure drop

position;

- Ti thiu mt van gi trn ng nhnh ph v tr st p nh nht ; At least one sub-branch damper is at the minimum pressure drop position;

- Ti thiu mt van gi trn ng nhnh v tr st p nh nht ; At least one branch damper is at the minimum pressure drop position;

- i vi qut c b iu tc, tn s ng c 50 Hz; v For fans with variable speed drives the frequency to the motor is 50 Hz; and - Tc qut hoc khong cch gc tc c gi tr b nht vi cc ni dung trn. The fan speed or pitch angle is at the lowest value consistent with the above.

Gii hn r r / Air leakage limits Gii hn gi r r tham chiu tiu chun DW 144, mc 6. Air leakage limits to DW 144, section 6.

Sai s lu lng gi / Air quantity tolerances Cn bng gi cho h thng n gi tr lu lng ch nh trong phm vi +10%. Balance air handling systems to the designated air quantities within +10%.

Tnh khng ng thi / Diversity i vi VAV v cc h thng khc ni m tng lu lng gi ca cc ca ra t hn lu lng gi ca qut, cn chnh h thng sao cho For variable air volume (VAV) and other systems where here the sum of the terminal

air quantities is less than the fan air quantity, adjust the system so that

- Lu lng gi ti mi ca ra thuc phm vi bng sai s lu lng gi mi ch ti; v


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The flow rate at the terminals is within tolerance for all possible load situations; and

- Lu lng qut thuc phm vi gii hn sai s ca tng lu lng gi trong bng sai s lu lng gi. The fan flow is within the tolerance limits for total air quantity in Air quantity tolerance

table.

Phng php o / Measurement methods Tng v lu lng gi ng nhnh hn 1000 L/s: theo ISO 5802 Total and branch air quantities over 1000 L/s: Measure to ISO 5802.

Cc lu lng gi khc: S dng phng php o v cn bng yu cu bi ASHRAE hoc CIBSE. Other air quantities: Use balancing and measurement methods recommended by

ASHRAE or CIBSE.

Khng s dng cc phng php sau o lu lng gi: - Ti gn cc coil bng bt k kh c no. - Ti gn cc van gi bng bt k kh c no. - Ti gn cc lc gi bng bt k kh c no. - S dng thit b o hot ng vi dng khng kh theo chiu ngc li vi chiu c chng nhn. - Ly lu lng gi t gin c tnh qut hoc bng c tnh qut. Do not use the following methods for air quantity measurement:

- Coil traverse using any type of instrument.

- Damper traverse using any type of instrument.

- Filter traverse using any type of instrument.

- Measurement using an instrument operating with air flow in the reverse direction to

that for which it has been certified.

- Air quantity measurement derived from fan curves or fan performance tables.

Chun b cn bng gi / Preparation for air balancing Trc khi bt u cn bng gi, phi chc chn rng:


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Before starting air balancing make sure that:

- Tt c cc cng tc xy dng c nh hng n vic cn bng gi phi c hon tt. Chc chn rng: All building work that may affect the air balance is complete. Make sure that:

D liu thi tit Weather data

Tt c cc tm trn c lp t All ceiling tiles in place.

Tt c cc ca c gn vo v ming gi gn ca (nu c) c lp t. All doors hung and door grilles (if applicable) installed.

Tt c cc ca v ca s c ng hoc m theo trng thi hot ng bnh thng ca n.

All doors and windows are open or shut phsistent with their normal state. Ta nh kn gi.

Building is airtight.

ng gi, trc thang, khng gian trn c lm kn gi. Builders work ducts, shafts and ceiling plenums are sealed airtight.

- Tt c cc ng gi hon tt v sch. All ductwork complete and clean.

- Khng c s r kh no c th c cm nhn. Kim tra cc r kh qua ca, ca thm l m v mi ni trong cc dn lnh bng bt ch khi. There are no air leaks that can be felt. Check for leaks through doors, access panels,

penetrations and joints in air handling units using a smoke pencil.

- ng gi mm c lp t nh thit k v khng b h hng. Flexible duct is installed as specified and has not been damaged.

- Tt c cc van gi ngn chy v chnh lu lng v tr m. All fire and balancing dampers are open.


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- Tt c cc dn lnh lin quan nhau hon tt v hot ng ng thi. All interrelated air handling systems are complete and operating concurrently.

- Qut, lc coil v cc cu kin c kh khc hon tt v hot ng tt. Fans, coils filters and other mechanical components are complete and operating

correctly.

- Tt c cc cu kin in bao gm cc thit b an ton v bo v qu ti hon tt v hot ng tt. All electrical components including overloads and safety devices are complete and

operating correctly.

Cn chnh b sung cho lu lng gi / Additional adjustment of air quantities Tuy rng lu lng gi c o v trong gii hn sai s. Nu c yu cu, cn chnh lu lng gi cho phng li : Notwithstanding that air quantities may have been measured and are within

tolerance. If so directed, adjust space air quantities to:

- Gim thiu cm gic gi thi trong phng. Minimise drafts.

- t c nhit trong nhng phng ring hoc tng phn ca phng thuc cc iu kin thit k nu. Achieve temperatures in individual rooms or parts of rooms that are within the stated

design conditions.

Trnh li bo co: nu lu lng gi thay i sau khi trnh bo co cn bng gi, trnh li cc bo co th hin cc gi tr mi. Resubmit reports: If air quantities are altered after submission of air balance reports,

resubmit reports showing new values.

Hon tt cn bng gi / On completion of air balancing Khi cn bng gi hon tt: - nh du v tr cui cng ca van gi - Nim kn l th nghim trn ng gi


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Phn lp ng gi 500: nt cao su hoc plastic. Phn lp ng gi > 500: tm che cng loi vt liu vi ng gi. - t h thng v ch hot ng bnh thng. - Trnh bo co cn bng gi. When air balancing is complete:

- Mark final position of dampers.

- Seal test holes in ductwork.

Duct pressure class 500: Rubber or plastic plugs. Duct pressure class > 500: Cover plates of same material as the duct.

- Set system into normal operation.

- Submit air balance reports.

4.2. Ch vn hnh khi c chy Fire mode operation

Tng qut / General Th nghim tt c h thng i hi phi hot ng khi c chy. Test all systems required to operate in fire mode.

Nhng h thng lin quan: Th nghim cc h thng gi vn hnh tt cng vi cc h thng phng chy cha chy v cc h thng lin quan khc. Related systems: Test air handling systems for correct operation in conjunction with

fire protection and other related systems.

Reset: Thm tra li tt c cc h thng phi tr v ch hot ng bnh thng sau khi hot ng ch c chy. Reset: Verify that all systems return to normal operating mode after fire mode

operation.

Van gi ngn khi v ngn chy: Th nghim rng cc van gi ngn khi v ngn chy ng hon ton vi cc qut hot ng. Fire and smoke dampers: Test that fire and/or smoke dampers close fully with fans

operating.


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Thi im: Hon tt cc th nghim trc ngy hon tt thc t. Timing: Complete testing before practical completion.

4.3. R bn ngoi van gi iu khin ng c Motorised outside air damper leakage

Th nghim / Testing Th nghim r bn ngoi mi van gi iu khin ng c. Test each motorised outside air damper for leakage.

Tiu chun r: thp hn gii hn r cho php ca van gi. Leakage criterion: Less than the stated damper leakage rate.

Th tc / Procedure: - Chnh van gi ng v m hon ton. Kim tra xem c dch chuyn bt thng v tt. Drive damper fully open and closed. Check for uneven motion and correct.

- Chnh van gi ng hon ton v kim tra r. Drive damper fully closed and test for leakage.

Phng php th nghim r trn cng trng: Hoc Site leakage test methods: Either

- R theo cc cnh gi xem c r gi khng bng bt ch khi vi gi s rng tip cn van gi khng nh hng n kt qu th nghim; hoc scan blade edges for leaks with smoke pencil provided that gaining access to the

damper will not affect the test results; or

- o lu lng gi r bng cch ng van gi hi v o lu lng r bng ng trch gi nh a ngang. So snh vi biu r/ p sut ca nh sn xut van gi. measure leakage air quantity by shutting return air damper and measuring leakage

air quantity by pitot traverse. Correlate to damper manufacturers published

pressure/leakage charts.


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4.4. Bo co cn bng gi Air balance reports

Bao gm cc ni dung sau trong bo co cn bng gi: Include the following on the air balance reports:

- Ngy, gi v v tr th nghim. Date, time and place of test.

- Thit b o s dng v ngy hiu chun. Instrumentation used and its date of calibration.

- Tn, chc danh v ch k ca ngi chu trch nhim th nghim. Name, position and signature of person responsible for test.

- Nhit mi trng bn ngoi v / hoc cc h s lin quan khc. Ambient temperature and/or other relevant factors.

- nh du mt bng & s ca h thng c chy th v nghim thu. Marked up floor plan & schematic of work commissioned.

- i vi mi ming gi: For each terminal grille and diffuser:

S tham chiu ca ming gi th hin trn bn v thi cng. Lit k cc cc ming gi theo tng ng gi nhnh.

Grille or diffuser reference number as shown on the shop drawings. List outlets on

a branch by branch basis.

Lu lng gi thit k. Design air quantity.

n v o (L/s; m/s) Measured value (e.g. L/s, m/s).

H s thit b o hoc phu hng gi Hood or instrument factor.

H s din tch ca nh sn xut ming gi nu p dng.


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Grille or diffuser manufacturers area factor if applicable.

Lu lng gi o c ti ch tnh bng L/s tnh t cc s trn. Site measured air quantity in L/s calculated from the above.

Lu lng gi o c theo phn trm lu lng gi thit k. Measured air quantity as a percentage of design air quantity.

Tng lu lng gi ng gi nhnh o c v ca c h thng v t l phn trm so vi thit k.

Sum of measured branch and system air quantities and percentage of designed

air flow rate.

- i vi mi qut: For each fan:

Tn qut v v tr Fan designation and location.

Phng php o tng lu lng gi Total air quantity measurement method.

V tr o Location of measurement point.

st p coil lnh t v st p lc gi d ti to Simulated wet cooling coil pressure drop and dirty filter pressure drop.

Nhit gi ra Air off temperature.

Nhit gi vo Air on temperature.

Lu lng gi thit k Design air quantity.

Gi tr o bng ng trch gi nh (nu s dng) hoc cc gi tr o khc c s dng xc nh c lp tng lu lng gi.


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Pitot readings (if used) or other measured values used to independently determine

total fan air quantity.

Lu lng gi o c ti ch tnh bng L/s tnh t cc s trn. Site measured air quantity in L/s calculated from the above.

Lu lng gi o c theo phn trm lu lng gi thit k. Measured air quantity as a percentage of design air quantity.

Tng lu lng gi ng gi nhnh o c v ca c h thng v t l phn trm so vi thit k.

Measured air quantity as a percentage of the sum of the individual diffuser and

grille air quantities.

Bc cnh v/hoc tc qut p dng. Blade pitch and/or fan speed as applicable.

Tn s ca b iu tc (nu c lp t) Variable speed drive frequency (if V.S.D. is installed).

Dng in ng c o c v dng y ti trn bng tn ng c. Measured motor current and name plate full load current.

Th hin im hot ng cui cng trn ng cong c tnh qut. Show the final operating point on the fan characteristic curve.

- Chnh lch p sut tnh qua: Static pressure differentials across:

Mi b lc gi khi sch Each filter bank when clean.

Mi coil lnh v nng Each cooling and heating coil.

Mi qut Each fan.

- p sut tnh ng gi ti:


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Duct static pressure at:

Trc khi qua lc gi Entry to filters.

Trc khi vo qut Entry to each fan.

ng gi ra ca dn lnh ln At duct discharge from air handling unit.

Mi ng ng ca h thng ng gi cp v hi phc v cho nhiu tng. At each riser connection for supply and return systems serving multiple floors.

4.5. Chnh lch p sut khng kh trong phng Room air pressure differentials

Tng qut / General iu chnh lu lng gi v cc chi tit iu khin t c p sut chnh lch ch nh gia cc khu vc hoc i hi ph hp vi cc cc lut v tiu chun p dng. Cn chnh h thng t c dy p sut chnh lch yu cu gia cc phng k nhau. Adjust air flows and controls (where available) to achieve designated differential

pressures between spaces or required to meet applicable codes and standards.

Adjust systems to achieve the required sequence of differential pressures between

successive rooms.

Chnh lch p sut qu nh: cn chnh h thng sao cho lu lng yu cu hoc chnh lch p sut gia cc phng c th pht hin. Pressure differentials without numerical value: Adjust the systems so that the

required air flows or pressure differential between the rooms is detectable.

Trng thi th nghim: iu chnh h thng vi cc phng trng thi hot ng bnh thng v cc ca ng li tr khi cc ca m ra ch hot ng bnh thng.


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Test conditions: Adjust systems with the rooms in normal operating condition and

doors closed except where the normal operating condition requires that the doors be

open.

Lu : bo co cc v tr ca to nh c r vt qu chng c lm kn li. Notification: Report locations of excessive building air leakage so they can be sealed.

Th tc / Procedure Chnh h thng theo trnh t sau: - Cn bng gi cp n gi tr v dung sai thit k. - Cn bng gi hi v thi n gi tr v dung sai thit k. - Cn chnh cc thit b iu khin (nu c) n cc gi tr thit k. - o chnh lch p sut. - iu chnh li lu lng gi hi v ht t c p sut chnh lch thit k nu vn cha t c. Khng c thay i lu lng gi cp khc vi gi tr thit k. Adjust systems in the following sequence:

- Balance supply air to designated values and tolerances.

- Balance return and exhaust air to designated values and tolerances.

- Adjust controls (if applicable) to designated functions.

- Measure differential pressures.

- Re-adjust return and exhaust air quantities to achieve designated differential

pressures if not achieved through the above. Do not alter supply air from designated

values.

Bo co / Reports

Cung cp cc bo co lu lng gi nh ch nh trong Bo co cn bng gi. Th hin trn bo co nhng ch lu lng gi hi v ht thay i so vi thit k t c p sut chnh lch. Provide reports on air flow rates as specified in Air balance reports. Show on the

reports where return and exhaust air quantities has been varied from design values

to achieve differential pressures.


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Bo co b sung: cung cp bo co b sung ch ra chnh lch p sut phng o c hoc pht hin c. Additional reports: Provide additional reports giving the measured or detected room

pressure differentials.

5. H thng nc Water systems

5.1. Cn bng nc Water balancing

Tng qut / General Cn bng mi h thng nc. Balance each water system.

Cn bng nc hon tt khi Balancing is complete when

- Tt c cc lu lng nc c dung sai nm trong gii hn dung sai cho php. All water quantities are within specified tolerances;

- Mi lu lng nc c o trong phm vi sai s kh c ca ln c trc trn cng cu kin; Water quantities measured are within the instrument tolerance of previous readings

on the same component;

- C ti thiu mt van cn bng trn mi ng nhnh m hon ton; At least one balancing valve on each branch is fully open;

- C ti thiu mt van cn bng trn ng nhnh m hon ton; At least one branch balancing valve is fully open;

- i vi cc bm c b iu tc, tn s n ng c 50 Hz; For pumps with variable speed drives, the frequency to the motor is 50 Hz; - Cc van cn bng ca bm (nu c lp t) m hon ton; The pump balancing valves (if fitted) are fully open;


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- ng knh cnh bm khng ln hn 5% t c nhng ni dung trn; v The pump impeller diameter is not more than 5% greater than that to achieve the

above; and

- Bt k bc no i hi t c in nng tiu th ca bm thc t thp nht c thc hin. Any other steps required to achieve lowest practicable pump power consumption

have been taken.

Sai s lu lng nc / Water quantity tolerances Cn bng h thng nc n lu lng thit k trong khong sai s sau: Balance water systems to the designated water quantities within the following

tolerances:

- Chiller, thp lm lnh, b trao i nhit (hoc ni hi): 5% lu lng nh mc. Chillers, cooling towers, heat exchangers (or boilers): 5% designated flow rate.

- Coil v thit b cng loi: 10% lu lng nh mc. Coils and terminals: 10% designated flow rate.

- ng chy vng qua coil bng van ba ng: 10% lu lng nh mc. Bypass on coils with three way valves: 10 designated flow rate.

- Tng lu lng h thng: 5% lu lng nh mc. Total system flow: 5% designated flow rate.

Tnh khng ng thi / Diversity i vi h thng c tng lu lng nc ti coil t hn lu lng nc bm, cn chnh h thng sao cho - Lu lng ti coil thuc phm vi sai s lu lng mi ch ti; v - Tng lu lng thuc phm vi 5% lu lng nh mc bm thit k. For systems where the sum of the coil water quantities is less than the pump water

quantity, adjust the system so that

- the flow rate at the coils is within tolerance for all possible load situations; and

- the total flow is within 5% designated pump flow rate.


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Chun b cn bng nc / Preparation for water balancing Trc khi bt u cn bng nc, chc chn rng: Before starting water balancing ensure that:

- H thng hon tt. The system is complete.

- Th nghim p sut hon tt v khng c s r kh. Pressure testing is complete and no leaks exist.

- Tt c cng tc v sinh h thng hon tt v h thng c y nc x l cui cng.

All system cleaning is complete and system is filled with final treated water if used.

- Kh c x ra khi ton b cc phn ca h thng. Air has been thoroughly vented from all parts of the system.

- Tt c cc van iu khin t ng m hon ton. All automatic control valves are fully open.

- Tt c cc lc Y v lc nc sch. All strainers and water filters are clean.

- Nhit nc gn bng vi nhit hot ng thit k. Water temperatures are close to specified operating temperatures.

- Tt c cc h thng lin quan ln nhau c hon tt v hot ng ng thi. All inter-related systems are complete and operating concurrently.

- Tt c cc cu kin in bao gm cc thit b an ton v bo v qu ti hon tt v hot ng tt. All electrical components including overloads and safety devices are complete and

operating correctly.

Phng php o lu lng nc / Water flow measurement methods S dng phng php o v cn bng yu cu bi ASHRAE hoc CIBSE.


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H thng nhiu bm: th nghim lu lng tng ca mi bm ring bit nu bm chy thng trc v bm d phng cng c lp t. Use balancing and measurement methods recommended by ASHRAE or CIBSE.

Multiple pump systems: Test total flow of each pump individually if duty and stand-by

pumps are installed.

Cng vi cc yu cu ca ASHRAE v CIBSE, cc phng php sau c chp nhn: In addition to the recommendations of ASHRAE and CIBSE, the following

measurement methods are acceptable:

- Van cn bng c hiu chun: ng h in t microprocessor c cung cp bi nh sn xut van, c thit k ring bit cho vic o v th hin cc n v lu lng (khng o chnh lch p sut). Calibrated balancing valves: Microprocessor based electronic meter supplied by the

valve manufacturer, designed specifically for the purpose and displaying results in

units of flow rate (not differential pressures).

- Bt k kiu lu lng no: thit b o lu lng kiu ng trch nh c chng nhn bi nh sn xut chnh xc n 5% trn khong lu lng nc mong i. Any type of flow: Pitot type flow measuring device certified by the manufacturer to be

accurate to within 5% over the range of water flow anticipated.

Khng s dng cc phng php sau o lu lng nc: Do not use the following methods for water flow rate measurement:

- Ly lu lng nc v lch p t gin c tnh bm ca nh sn xut hoc bng c tnh bm. Water flow rate derived from pump manufacturers curves or tables for pump flow

rate and pressure differential.

- Ly lu lng nc tng ng vi st p t thng s ca nh sn xut khng c chng nhn. Water flow rate derived from uncertified manufacturers data on flow rate equivalent

to pressure drops.


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Hon tt / Completion Khi cn bng nc hon tt: - nh du v tr cui cng ca van cn bng nc hiu chun. - nh du v tr cn bng ca tay van trn van s dng tay. - Ghi chp s vng m cho van vn hnh ren. - Tho b cc chi tit tm. - t h thng v ch hot ng bnh thng. - Trnh bo co cn bng nc. When water balancing is complete:

- Lock final balancing position of calibrated balancing valves.

- Mark balanced position of lever on lever operated valves.

- Record turns open for screw operated valves.

- Remove any temporary provisions.

- Set system into normal operation.

- Submit water balance reports.

5.2. Bo co cn bng nc Water balance reports

Tng qut / General Bao gm cc ni dung sau trong bo co cn bng nc: Include the following on water balance reports:

- Ngy, gi v v tr th nghim. Date time and place of test.

- Thit b o s dng v ngy hiu chun. Instrumentation used and its date of calibration.

- Tn, chc danh v ch k ca ngi chu trch nhim th nghim. Name, position and signature of person responsible for test.

- Nhit mi trng bn ngoi v / hoc cc h s lin quan khc.


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Ambient temperature and/or other relevant factors.

- nh du mt bng & s ca h thng c chy th v nghim thu. Marked up floor plan & schematic of work commissioned.

- i vi mi coil hoc thit b: For each coil or terminal:

Tn gi v v tr coil Coil designation and location.

Phng php o Measurement method.

Lu lng nc thit k. Design water quantity.

Nhit nc vo v ra Temperature in/ out.

Cc gi tr o xc nh khi lng nc. Measured values used to determine water quantity.

H s nh sn xut (nu p dng) Manufacturers factor (if applicable).

Lu lng nc o c ti ch tnh t cc gi tr o trn. Site measured water quantity calculated from the above measured values.

Lu lng nc o theo phn trm lu lng nc thit k. Measured water quantity as a percentage of design water quantity.

Lu lng nc o theo t l phn trm so vi tng lu lng nc mi coil. Measured water quantity as a percentage of sum of individual coil water quantities.

V tr ci t tay van trn ca van cn bng hiu chun (nu p dng). Handwheel setting of calibrated balancing valves (where applicable).

- i vi mi bm:


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For each pump:

Tn bm v v tr Pump designation and location.

ng knh cch cng tc Impeller diameter.

Lu lng nc Water quantity.

Ct p Head.

Tn s ra ca b iu tc (nu c lp t) If variable speed drive (VSD) is installed: VSD output frequency.

Dng in ng c o c v dng y ti trn bng tn ng c. Measured motor current and name plate full load current.

Th hin im hot ng cui cng trn ng cong c tnh bm. Show the final operating point on the pump characteristic curve.

- i vi mi b trao i nhit: For each heat exchanger

Tn gi v v tr ca b trao i nhit. Heat exchanger designation & location.

St p trong mi mch. Pressure drop in each circuit.

Lu lng thit k trn mi mch. Design flow in each circuit.

Lu lng o c trn mi mch. Measured flow in each circuit.

Nhit di iu kin thit k y ti.


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Temperatures under maximum design conditions.

Nhit nc o ch thit k y ti. Measured water temperatures under maximum design conditions.

- Nhit nc tng thch vi h thng v thit b lp t. Water temperatures appropriate to the system and plant installed.

- V tr ca van cn bng (s vng m) Setting of balancing valves (e.g. number of turns open).

6. iu khin Controls

6.1. iu khin t ng Automatic controls

Tng qut / General Th nghim tt c cc phn cng v phn mm h thng thit b iu khin v tnh hot ng tt. Test all controls hardware and software for correct operation.

Hiu chun cc cm bin / Sensor calibration Hiu chun tt c cc cm bin v phm vi sai s ch nh ca cm bin. Calibrate all sensors to within the specified accuracy of the sensor.

6.2. Kim sot an ton Safety controls

Th nghim / Testing Th nghim mi thit b an ton bng cch to ra cc ch khng an ton m b iu khin c mc ch bo v. Gim st: m bo rng cc gim st ph hp v cc bin php an ton c thc hin khi th nghim. Test each safety control and facility by simulating the unsafe condition that the

control is intended to protect against.


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Monitoring: Ensure that adequate monitoring and safety measures are in place for

the test.

7. Hon tt Completion

7.1. Th nghim hon tt Completion tests

Tng qut / General Thc hin cc th nghim chp thun v th nghim cui cng. Carry out acceptance tests and final tests.

Th nghim c tnh iu ho v c tnh nhit / Heating and airconditioning performance tests

Tng qut: Ngoi vic cn bng, chy th v nghim thu, th nghim hiu sut ca h thng iu ho trong qu trnh bo tr. General: In addition to balancing and commissioning, test performance of air

conditioning systems during the maintenance period.

Thit b o: my ghi d liu in t vi cc cm bin nhit v m hoc my ghi biu nhit. Instrumentation: Electronic data logger with temperature and humidity sensors or

thermohydrograph.

H thng iu khin t ng: Nu h thng iu khin t ng c ch nh tr gip ghi cc gi tr o c, cung cp cc gi tr d liu nh hng ca gi tr o c trong cng mt chu k thi gian. Automatic control system: If the automatic control system has been specified to have

facilities for logging sensed values, provide trend logs of sensor values over the

same periods.

c tnh: Ghi nhit bu kh v m tng i mi v tr lin tc hai chu k khc nhau ti thiu 24 gi. Performance: Record dry-bulb and relative humidity at each location continuously for

2 separate periods of at least 24 hours.


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Bo co: cung cp kt qu th ca cc gi tr ghi li bi thit b o cng vi th ghi li h thng iu khin ti nhng ni c h thng ny. Reports: Provide graphical printout of values recorded by instrument together with

control system log graphs where this facility is provided.

ng c / Motors Th nghim hiu sut thit b dn ng ng c: th nghim c tnh. Cn chnh thit b bo v qu ti bng nhit cho gi tr dng in thc t v ghi nhn dng in o c v gi tr qu ti ci t. Motor-driven equipment performance tests: Test for performance. Adjust thermal

overloads for actual current and record measured current and overload settings.

7.2. Hng dn vn hnh Operator instruction

Tng qut / General Thi gian: Hng dn phi c sn trong sut thi gian chy th v nghim thu v chy r. bao gm 12 ln x 4 gi cho cc phn chnh thc. nh dng: thc hin hng dn ti ch lm quen vi ton b cc trang thit b. Cng phi thc hin o to dng hi tho bao gm ht cc cu kin chnh yu. Duration: Instruction to be available for the whole of the commissioning and running-

in periods. Allow for 12 off x 4 hour formal sessions.

Format: Provide on site instruction to give familiarity with the whole plant. Also

provide seminar instruction to cover all major components.

7.3. Chng nhn Certification

Ti liu hp ng: cung cp giy chng nhn rng s lp t tun th tt c cc kha cnh ca ti liu hp ng. Nhng yu cu ca c quan nh nc: cung cp chng nhn ph hp vi cc yu cu ca c quan nh nc lin quan. Contract documents: Provide certification that the installation complies in all respects

with the contract documents.


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Statutory requirements: Provide certification of compliance with the relevant statutory

requirements.

mechanical commissioning and report guidelines

Documents