med sessional work pptet past future

7/26/2019 MED sessional work pptEt Past Future

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OBSERVATION

SUBMITTED TO

GOVT. COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

SUBMITTED BY

SABIA NAZ

ROLL NO 11


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MEANING

Observation is a method that employs vision as its mainObservation is a method that employs vision as its main

means of data collection.means of data collection.

It is accurate watching and noting of phenomena as theyIt is accurate watching and noting of phenomena as they

occur.occur.

It is watching other persons behaviour as it actually happensIt is watching other persons behaviour as it actually happens

without controlling itwithout controlling it

Marshall and Rossman !O"s#r$a%&on &s %h# s's%#ma%&(

o"s#r$a%&on o) #$#n%s "#ha$&ors and ar%&)a(%s &n %h#

so(&al s#%%&n* (hos#n )or s%+d',


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6 kinds of contents6 kinds of contents

Physical Actions Verbal Behavior

Expressive Behavior

patial !elations "emporal Patterns

Verbal !ecords


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#$A!A#"E!I"I##$A!A#"E!I"I#

Observation is always direct

%ield observation ta&es place in natural settings

Observations tend to be less structured

Enables the understanding of significant eventsaffecting social relations of participants.


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PURPOSESPURPOSES

"o capture human conduct as it actually happens

"o provide more graphic description of social life

"o explore important events and situations


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TYPESTYPES

Participant'(on participant

ystematic' )nsystematic

(a*ve' scientific

tructured' )nstructured (atural ' laboratory

+irect 'Indirect

#overt' Overt

Open'$idden


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"A,E"A,E

electing a topic #hoosing research site

,aining access in setting

"a&ing roles -otting down field notes

%ormulating analysis

riting report


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ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

It is inexpensive.

It is flexible techni/ue.

It allows collection of wide range of information.

It is less complicated .

It is less time consuming.

It is effective for studying social processes.


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med sessional work pptet past future

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