Rob Edgecock on behalf of the IIAA,

University of Huddersfield

Medical Applications at the University of Huddersfield

• Who we are

• Accelerator applications network

• Radioisotope production studies

• Therapy

• Conclusions

IIAA

Physics Department has existed for 3-4 years: - International Institute of Accelerator Applications - Advanced materials group

IIAA: - 4.5 staff - 2 postdocs - 13 PhD students

Work on: - Medical applications - Thorium and waste transmutation - Meta materials, particularly for RF - MEIS - FETS - Target studies for neutrons and neutrinos - Collimators in HI-LUMI - Neutrons for security screening - Cyclotron studies at PSI - etc

IIAA

IIAA

Physics Department has existed for 3-4 years: - International Institute of Accelerator Applications - Advanced materials group

IIAA: - 4.5 staff - 2 postdocs - 13 PhD students

Work on: - Medical applications - Thorium and waste transmutation - Meta materials, particularly for RF - MEIS - FETS - Target studies for neutrons and neutrinos - Collimators in HI-LUMI - Neutrons for security screening - Cyclotron studies at PSI - etc

EuCARD2 Accelerator Applications Network

EuCARD2: 3rd in series of Accelerator R&D FP6/7 projects Coordinate the Accelerator Applications Network Task leaders:

- Rob Edgecock (Huddersfield) - Marco Cavenago (LNL) - Marco Schippers & David Meer (PSI) - Giulia Bellodi (CERN) - Hywel Owen (Manchester)

Website at: http://eucardapplications.hud.ac.uk/

>53 partners 5 workshops so far, another 5 in preparation

EuCARD2 Accelerator Applications Network

Modern hadron therapy gantry developments – UMAN & PSI - 16th-17th January 2014 - Cockcroft, UK - https://eventbooking.stfc.ac.uk/news-events/modern-hadron-therapy-gantry-developments-187

Accelerator based neutron production (ABNP2014) - INFN - 14th-15th April 2014 - Legnaro - BNCT, radioisotope production, security, etc - https://agenda.infn.it/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=7214

Compact accelerators for radioisotope production - UMAN - 26th-27th March 2015 - Daresbury, UK - https://eventbooking.stfc.ac.uk/news-events/compact-accelerators-for-isotope-production-254

Compact gantries for charged particle therapy - September 2015 - PSI

EuCARD2 Accelerator Applications Network

Plan to do an EU version: Updated European focus For policy makers Applications where we can

make a difference Organising committee: Roy Aleksan Oliver Boine-Frankenheim Phil Burrows Angeles Faus-Golfe (Chair) Steve Myers Andrea Pisent Kick-off meeting: 18th-19th June RAEng

Radioisotope Production

• Well-known 99mTc problems due to (old) reactor production

Moly crisis in 2008/9

Potential shortage in ≥2016 due NRU closure & LEU

Various alternative production methods proposed, including

accelerators

BNMS & STFC Report, December 2014

Therapeutic Radioisotopes

• All reactor produced

• None in the UK, some in the US

• Supply has been a problem

• Some isotopes need α beams, difficult with cyclotrons: 211At, 67Cu, 47Sc

FFAG for Radioisotopes

FFAG/strong focussing cyclotron

Injection energy: 75 keV

Extraction: 10 MeV – 102cm 14 MeV – 120cm 28 MeV – 170cm

Isochronous to 0.3%

Very flexible: protons, alphas, variable energy

Huge beam acceptance

Unique features: 20mA internal target

Hud: Roger Barlow, David Bruton, RE STFC: Jim Clarke, Rob Clarke Glasgow: Sally Pimlott PAC: Carol Johnstone

FFAG for Radioisotopes

FFAG/strong focussing cyclotron

Injection energy: 75 keV

Extraction: 10 MeV – 102cm 14 MeV – 120cm 28 MeV – 170cm

Isochronous to 0.3%

Very flexible: protons, alphas, variable energy

Huge beam acceptance

Unique features: 20mA internal target

Hud: Roger Barlow, David Bruton, RE STFC: Jim Clarke, Rob Clarke Glasgow: Sally Pimlott PAC: Carol Johnstone

Basil Gonsalves working at CERN with Thierry Stora on the MEDICIS target

Target cooling studies: radioisotopes & BNCT

G4 Simulations

Naomi Ratcliffe

Therapy

Becky Seviour: Working with Alceli Accelerator Technology Designing a proton & carbon linac for

therapy: - 800MHz RF - 100 Hz operation - 1mm to 10mm FWHM - 0.1mm beam accuracy - 8000 voxel scan in ~1 min - 4% dose homogeneity - <2% dose at 2mm outside target

Aim is a significant cost reduction cf CNAO Huddersfield developing solid state RF Also work with Best Medical

OpenMed

Modify LEIR for biomedical applications

Accelerate protons up to neon

Vertical beam line

Horizontal beam line

Beam transport lines to two end stations: • Vertical beamline for up to 75 MeV/u • Horizontal beamline for up to 430 MeV/u

Two contributions: Neutron production & shielding

calculations - Roxana Rata

Transport line re-design – Tanjilul Amin

Clatterbridge

Neutron dose from proton beam – Roxana Rata

CNAO

Cezarina Chirvase: Studied the motion of the pancreas Using 4D MRI Aim to optimise CNAO treatment using

respiratory gating Moving onto pCT studies in Nice

-5

-3

-1

1

3

5

1 2 3 4 5 6

ph3-

phi [

mm

]

Pancreas AP - PRONE 2

abdominalcompressor APmask AP

free breathing AP

-5

-3

-1

1

3

5

1 2 3 4 5 6

ph3-

phi [

mm

]

Pancreas CC - PRONE 2

abdominalcompressor CC

mask CC

free breathing CC

Conclusions

• IIAA has only existed for a few years

• Small number of staff – but many students!

• Main funding source: grants

• Making important contributions to accelerator applications

• Many in the medical area: - Networking - Radioisotope production - Therapy