medical histology - non membrane organelle - cytoskeleton cilia

8/6/2019 Medical Histology - Non Membrane Organelle - Cytoskeleton Cilia

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Spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein that lines the intracellular side of the plasmamembrane. hexagonal arrangements are formed by tetramers of spectrin

associating with short actin filaments


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Lamins are phosphorylated at the end of prophase & this

causes them to disassemble as the nuclear envelope also

breaks down.

Then, the phosphate is removed just before the nuclei of the

daughter cell forms and the lamin filaments reassemblearound each set of chomosomes, under each daughter cell's

inner nuclear membrane.


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Types I and II intermediate filaments are acidic and basic keratins,respectively. Their monomers are found in the same cells and the

dimers must contain one of each type (a heterodimer). Keratins alsohave subtypes that are unique to different epithelial cells (bladder, skin,

etc) or even different subsets of one cell type (like basal epidermal cells).

This is useful in detection of the origin of cells in a tumor, especiallycells that have metastasized.


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Neurofilaments are found attached to the microtubules and have cross bridgeswith plectins. GFAP are smooth with no cross bridges.


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Type I (MAP IA, IB) Projects from microtubules and the other end bindsto Intermediate filaments, microtubules, or plasma membrane. Controls

spacing of microtubules in the cell. Found in dendrites or axons.


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Type II (MAP 2, 4, tau) also found in axons or dendrites. It cross linksmicrotubules with intermediate filaments, plasma membrane or other

microtubules. It stabilizes microtubules during growth, function, and celldivision. tau organizes microtubules into bundles. MAP4 important for

cell division.


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Cilia are hair like appendages with a core of mictotubules and bend in acoordinated manner.


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medical histology - non membrane organelle - cytoskeleton cilia

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