Bull. Ind. Inst. Hist Med. Vol. XXII pp. 41 to 51

MEDICAL MANUSCRIPTS OF QUTUB SHAHI PERIODIN THE LIBRARIES OF HYDERABAD

ABSTRACT

MOMIN ALP~ & S. A. HUSSAIN"''''

PART IV

In the previous articles under the above tit!e a brief introduction of six rare

and most valuable medical manuscripts of the Outub Shahi period was presented.

Now introduction to thlee more such manuscripts is being presented in this article.The names of these rnanuscr ip ts are LAZZAT-UN-NISA, MAGZAN-E-TIBB-E-QUTUB

SHAHI and MAJMU-E-HAKIMUL MULK NIZAMlJDDIN A'~MED GILANI, which areon sexoloqv. medicine and drlf er ent subjects includinq medicine respectively.

7. LAZZAT-UN-NISA

This manuscript is a Persian trans-lation of a poetical work in Sanskritcalled Ko ke Shestre, which deals withsexology. The name of the translatoras rnent.one d i,l the manuscript isMohammed Ouli with poetical nameas Jami. Rehber Farooqui has givenMohammed Shah Jami as the correctname of the translator and he is alsoof the opinion that the original workwas translated by different persons incifferent languages at different peri-ods I. Though there is no mention ofthe title Lez z et-unNiss anywhere inthe text cf this manuscript, manyscholars have referred it by this name.This work has been dedicated to

Abdullah Outub Shah, the 7th kingof Golkonda (1626-1672 A. D ).

It is preserved in the State Muse-um. Public Garden, Hyderabad withaccession number 1728. Its size is4.5" X 8". It contains 26 folios with11 to 13 lines on each page, writtenin ordinary Shikista script. The dateof compilation of this work as men-tioned in its preface is 1056 A.H. Atthe end of this manuscript 5 morepages containing lata s eme, havealso been annexed. The Zafer Namawas compiled by Bezer Charnhar bythe order of the king Nausherwan-e-Adil.

------~~--.--~"'Officer in-chaue , tridian I~:ti'ute of History of Medicine. H,,1er3bad,

"'*'R"~Lal(i1 As si st ant (U). Indian tnstuure of Histor v of Medcine . Hyderabad.

1 I:;!,-n~; TIUb, P.NJ. 150.

42

It begins with "I start this workin the name of God by whose omni-potence both the worlds were created(fig. 1) and ends with "Otherwise theeye sight would be weakened andwithin or short period he will be help-less" (fig. 2). Before starting theoriginal work the poet cum translatorhas composed a pref ace in poetryunder ten different chapters. Thefirst one contains 13 verses in thepraise of God, the second one is inthe praise of Abdullah Qutub Shah.Theil there is a chapter as a self intro-duction of the author namely Moha-mmed Quli with poetical name Jami.Koka has been described here as aMinister of a King. Hereafter actualpreface of this work begins with theheading "Compilation of Koka Shastraby Koka". The main text starts fromthe folio no. 8, details of which areas follows:chapter I : contains 5 couplets regar-ding the genus of the males.chapter II: contains 12 couplets regar-ding the qualities of males and females.chapter III : contains 30 coupletsregarding the Padmini woman, themost excellent of the four classesinto which women are divided by theHindus. The names of the other threeare Chetani, Sankhini and Hastini.chapter IV: contains 13 coupletsregarding the way of copulation .vithPadmini, the first type of woman.chapter V : contains 18 coupletsregarding recognition of Chetani, thesecond type of woman.chapter VI : contains 6 couplets regar-dir.g the way of copulation with

Bull. Ind. tnst. Hist, Med. Vol. XXII

the Chetani.chapter Vii : contains 22 coupletsregarding recognition of Sankhini, theth ird type of woman.chapter VIII: contains 5 coupletsregarding the way of copulation withthe Sankhini.chapter IX : contains 22 coupletsregarding the recognition of Hastini,the fourth type of woman.chapter X : contains 8 couplets regar-ding the way of copulation with theHastini.chapter XI : contains 13 coupletsregarding the concupiscent spot in theleft side of the body of a woman.chapter XII : contains 26 coupletsregarding the concupiscent spot in theright side of the body of a woman.chapter XIII: contains 11 coupletsregarding way of copulation with ayoung woman.chapter XIV: contains 13 coupletsregarding way of copulation with allthe four types of women.chapter XV: contains 13 coupletsdescribing the nerves having sexualstimulation in women.chapter XVI: contains 8 couplets des-cribing analogy of males and females.chapter XVII: contains 14 coupletsdescribing the habits of a stupid man.chapter XVIII: contains 7 couplets onmaking a woman concupiscent.chapter XIX: contains 5 coupletsdenoting the part of the body to bekissed to give pleasure to a woman.chapter XX : contains 5 couplets deno-ting the part of the body to be touchedwith nails to give pleasure to a woman.chapter XXI: contains 7 coupletsdenoting the part of the body of a

Medical Manuscripts of Outub Sbeb! Period-Momin Ali & Hussain 43

woman, which should be marked atthe time of going on a journey so thatshe remembers him in his absence.

chapter XXII: contains 11 coupletsdenoting the tumultuous age of awoman and the way of copulationwith her.

chapter XXIII: contains 8 coupletsregarding the recognition of a preg-nant woman on the basis of differentsigns and symptoms.

chapter XXIV: contains 5 coupletsregarding easy delivery.chapter XXV: contains 3 coupletsregarding the recognition of male orfema Ie foetus in the womb of a preg-nant woman.chapter XXVI: contains 10 coupletsregarding face reading of a conceivedwoman.chapter XXVII: contains 5 coupletsregarding concupiscent resistance bya woman to show particular parts ofher body.

chapter XXVIII: contains 51 coupletsregarding sterility in women and itscauses.chapter XXIX: It is an ending chapterwith apology containing 17 couplets.Though the heading of 29th chaptershows that the book ends there only,again the numbering of chapters isgiven from 1 to 20 as under:chapter I : contains 3 couplets dealingwith colours of semen.chapter II : contains 3 couplet: dea-ling with recognition of young womanand her secretions.chapter ill: contains 5 couplets prohi-biting coitus during menstruation.chapter IV : contains 6 couplets dea-ling with uneasiness and tiredness etc.

chapter V : contains 3 couplets dea-ling about bleeding from one nostrilduring coitus.chapter VI : contains 6 couplets deno-ting three concupiscent spots in thebody of a man.

chapter VII: contains 8 couplets dea-ling with weakness of brain, heart,and male genital organs and drugs.chapter VIII: contains 18 coupletsdealing with fatness and height ofmen and women.chapter IX : contains 9 couplets regar-ding having a child of good or badconduct.chapter X : contains 5 couplets regar-ding prohibition of drinking water atfour ocassions i.e. soon after awake-ning from sleep, coitus, and bath andduring attending natural calls.chapter XI : contains 5 couplets regar-ding easy delivery.chapter XII: contains 3 couplets regar-ding principles of usage of drugsinternally and externally.chapter XIII: contains 4 coupletsregarding reasons of the birth ofchildren of delicate nature.chapter XIV: contains 4 coupletsprohibiting coitus with minor girls.chapter XV : contains 7 coupletsregarding odour of males duringadolescence.chapter XVI: contains 3 coupletsregarding ejaculation of males duringcoitus.chapter XVII: contains 4 coupletsregarding fatness of men and womenduring different periods.chapter XVIII: contains 7 coupletsregarding the qualities of men andwomen of black and red complexion.

44chapter XIX: contains 5 coupletsregarding recognition of a diseasedwoman.chapter XX : regarding prohbition ofcopulation soon after cupping orshavir.g.

Thus, this manuscript contains ilall 49 chapters. Though according tothe translator, the original work byKoka was containinq 34 chapters he

Bu/I. Ind Inst. Hrst, iVled. Vol. X )<./1

composed it into 41 chapters. In themanuscript the words written for 41are Siva p sri jo she sh but the totalnumber of the chapters are 29 . 20 = 49.So, instead of Slya p sn] : she sh theremay be che h I se h W J she sh thatmeans 49, The SIV,} manjo sheshmight have been given by mistake, bythe scribe.

8. MAKHZAN-E-TIBB-E-OUTUB SHAHI

This manuscript in Persian language,is available in 'IDARA- E-ADEBIAT- E-URDU', at Punjagutta, Hvderabad,w.t: Ace, No 379. It was compiledby the order of Abdullah Outub Shah.The name of its author and the datec. f compilation are not available,thouqh the date of its copying is givenas 1050 A H. This manuscript isincomplete. since the folios from 1 to112, 303 to 342 and 402 to 416 aremissing. It starts with prodromal sym-ptoms of leprosy from folio no. 113(Fig. No.3) and ends with the descri-ption of kidney diseases on the foliono. 464 (Fig. 4). It is 11" x 6.5" insize and contains 21 lines on eachpage written in ordinary script. Almostall types of diseases hcve been des-cribed with their signs and symptomsin this manuscript. Amulets andcharms have also been given in it atsome places. The topics have beengiven at margins in red ink Thestarting folios i.e 113 to 120 of thiswork are on sk:n dise at es and seemsto be beionging to 4th chapter. The

details of other available chapters areas follows:chapter V : regarding various types ofdiseases.chapter VI : regarding fevers.chapter VII: regarding measles andsmallpox.chapter VIII: regarding brain diseases.ch+pter IX : regarding eye diseases.

Hereafter X, XI. and XII chaptersare missing along with some portionc. f chapter XIII.chapter XIV: regarding heart diseases.chapter XV : re:;arding the dise asesof oesophagus, stomach, peritoneumand diaphragm.chapter XVI: regarding the diseases,not concerned with particular organsas believed by the local physicians.chapter XVII: regarding diseases ofliver and gall bladder.chapter XVIII: regarding the diseasesof spleen.chapter XIX: regarding blood vessels,chapter XX : regarding ano- rectaldiseases.chapter XXI: regarding kidr.ey diseases

Medical Manuscripts of Qutub Shshi Period-Momin A'i &Hussain 45

9. MAJMOO-E-HAI<IMUL MULK NIZAMUDDIN AHMED GILANI

As the title indicates, it is acollection of different articles, lettersand poetical works of Hakim Nizam-uddin Ahmed Gilani, who was a courtphysician of Abdullah Qutub Shah.With regard to its date of compilationit can be said that it belongs to 11thcentury A.H. as three dates i.e. 1028,1053 and 1056 A.H. have been men-tioned in three different articles.

--

It is preserved in Andhra PradeshOriental Manuscript Library & ResearchInstitute, Abids, Hyderabad withAcc. No. Tibb Unani 306 It contains336 pages as numb ared but actually335, since page 99 is numbered 100.Its size is 9" X 5.4", with 15 lines oneach page, written in ordinary script.It is bound and in good condition,but few pages are worm eaten hereand there. On title page, a nameMoizuddin Mohammed Imam is foundalong with the date as 1169 A.H,indicating that it may have been copiedprior to 1169 A. H. It starts with manymany thanks and submission to thecreator (Fig. 5) and ends with expre-ssing his astonishment on creation ofboth the worlds. (Fig. 6).

t1

There ore in all 41 articles in thismanuscript, excluding the letters andthe poetical work. Out of thesearticles 24 are on Unani medicineand the remaining 17 are on non-medical topics. Most of the articlesarc in Persi..n and a few in Arabic.

The arrangement of the articles dea-ling with Unani medicine are asfollows:article I : Regarding tested remedies.article \I : On honey bee and Bombvx(Silk-worm). The author says, hewrote this article by the order of theking and submitted it to him withinone day.article III : On semen.article IV : On Soul.article V : Non medical.article VI : Non medical.article VII : Non medical.article VIII: On alchemy.article IX : Non medical.article X : On treatment and signs ofdeath. This article seems to be incom-plete since starting portion is missing.article XI : On Hippocrates, Galen andHunein etc.article XII : Speciality of man.article XIII: Non medical.article XIV: Single drug tonics.article XV: Abstract of 'Barus-Saa"a book of Rhazes.article XVI: On headache.article XVII: Non medical.article XVIII: Non medical.article XIX: regarding aims of thiswork. While referring the famousauthoritative works, the author hasnamed this collection as 'Auraque-Danish' .article XX : Non medical.article XXI: Non medical.

46

article XXII: On different kinds ofpoisons with their effects.

article XXIII: On Tiryaque-Farooq(a famous compound antidote). Here,he has claimed to be at the age of60 years.

article XXIV: On single and compounddrugs, kept by the king and his noblesfor their use. Hereafter there areverses on two pages.

article XXV: On his teachers and theirteachings.

BUll. Ind. Inst. Hist. Med. Vol. XXI!

article XXVI: Non medical.article XXVII: Non medical.article XXVIIf : Non medical.article XXIX: Non medical.Hereafter two letters have been givencovering nine pages.article XXX: Non medical.article XXXI: Non medical.article XXXII: On wisdom.

article. XXXI~I : Non medicalto article xli :

Medical Manuscripts of Outub Shahi Period-Momin Ali & Hussain 47

1. Chopra, P.N. et. al. 1979

REFERENCES

2. Najma Siddiqua 1973

3. Pasha, M.A. 1971

4. Raza Ali Khan 1986

5. Reddy D.V.S. 1962

6. Zahuri, A.W. 1960

7. Zahuri, A.W. 1961

"History of South India", Vol. II(Medieval period) S. Chand & Co. Ltd.Ramnagar, New Delhi-55 (India).

"Persi an La nguage and LiteratureDurinq the Outub Shahi Reign 1518-1687 A.D." (Thesis submitted fordoctorate degree). Deptt. of Persian,Osrnania University, Hyderabad pp.160-179.

"Meezan-ul- Teba - e - Outub Shahi",Bulletin of the Institute of Historyof Medicine, Hyderabad, Vol. I,Nos. 1 & 2, 1971, pp. 29-30.

"Hyderabad A City in History", 1stedn; View Point, Masab Tank,Hyderabad-28 (India).

"Medicine under the Outub ShahiKings of Golconda", Proceedings ofthe Academy of Medical Sciences",Spl. No. on Medical History, Vol. tll,No.4, Oct. 1961, pp. 23-36. Pub. byThe Academy of Medical Sciences,Hyderabad-A.P. (India).

"Medical Aid, Medical Men andMedical Writings of the Outub ShahiPeriod", Indian Journal of the Historyof Medicine, Vol. V No.1, June 1960,pp. 4349. Published for the IndianAssociation of the History of Medicine,497, Pconamallee High Road, Madras-7(India) .

"Outub Shahi Daur Ke Atibba AurUnke Tibbi Karname-1 st & 2nd Part",Hamdard-e-Sehat. Vol. 30, Nos. 9 &, 0, Oct. & Nov. 1961. pp. 3-5.

48

Fig. 2: last page of the manuscript'Lazzat un-nisa' (Ace No. 1728}

(Courtesy: State Museum,Public Garden, Hyderabad}

Bull. Ind. tnst. Hist. Med, Vol. XXII

Fig. 1: First page of the manuscript"Lazzat-un-riisa' (Acc.No. 1728)

(Courtesy: State Museum,Public Gardens, Hvderabad)

Medical Manuscripts of Outub Sbehi Period-s Mornin Ali & Hussain 49

Fig. 4: Ending page No. 464 of themanuscript'Makhzan-e-Tibb-e-Outub Shahi' (Acc.No. 464)

(Courtesy: Idara-e-Adebiat-e- Urdu,Punjagutta, Hyderabad)

Fig. 3: Starting page No. 113 of themunuscript 'Makhzan-e- Tibb-e-Outub Shahi' (Acc.No. 379)

(Cou rtesy: Idara-e-Adebiat- e- Urdu,Pur.jaqutta. Hyderabad)

50 Bull. Ind. lnst. Hist. Med. Vol. XXft

Fig. 5: First page of the manuscript 'Majmoo-e-Hakimul MurkNizamuddin Ahmed Gilani' (Acc.No. Tibb Unani 306)

(Courtesy: Andhra Pradesh Oriental Manuscript Library &Research Institute, Abids, Hyderabad)

Fig. 6: Last page of the manuscript 'Majmoo-e-Hakimul MLJl'cNizamuddin Ahmed Gilani' (Ace, No. Tibb Unani 306)

(Courtesy: Andhra Pradesh Oriental Manuscript Library &Research Institute, Abids, Hyderabad)

Medical Manuscripts of Qutub Shshi Period-Momin Ali & Hussain 51

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