Meeting of the OECD Councilat Ministerial LevelParis, 6-7 May 2014

Réunion du Conseil de l’OCDE au niveau des Ministres

Paris, 6-7 mai 2014

www.oecd.org

OECD Paris2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16

Tel.: +33 (0) 1 45 24 82 00

Heads of Delegation Chefs de délégation

JAPON / JAPAN

Shinzo Abe Prime Minister

Date of Birth: September 21, 1954 Place of Birth: Tokyo Member of the House of Representatives (Elected seven times) Constituency: Yamaguchi 4th district (Shimonoseki and Nagato cities)

Education 1977 Graduated from the Department of Political Science, the Faculty of Law, Seikei University

Career 2012 President of Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)

Prime Minister

2007 Resigned Prime Minister

2006 President of LDP Prime Minister

2005 Chief Cabinet Secretary (Third Koizumi Cabinet (Reshuffled))

2004 Acting Secretary-General and Chairman of Reform Promotion Headquarters, LDP

2003 Secretary-General, LDP

2002 Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary (First Koizumi Cabinet (1st Reshuffled))

2001 Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary (First Koizumi Cabinet) (Second Mori Cabinet (Reshuffled))

2000 Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary (Second Mori Cabinet (Reshuffled)) (Second Mori Cabinet)

1999 Trustee, Committee on Health and Welfare Director, Social Affairs Division, Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)

1993 Elected as Member of the House of Representatives (thereafter re-elected in seven consecutive elections)

1982 Executive Assistant to the Minister for Foreign Affairs

1979 Joined Kobe Steel, Ltd

Source of photo: Cabinet Public Relations Office of the Government of Japan 3

JAPON / JAPAN

Fumio Kishida Minister for Foreign Affairs

Liberal Democratic Party of Japan (LDP) Member of the House of Representatives Hiroshima Prefecture, 1st Electoral District (elected seven times) Date of Birth: July 29, 1957

1982 Graduated from the School of Law, Waseda University Joined Long-Term Credit Bank of Japan, Ltd.

1987 Secretary to a member of the House of Representatives 1993 Elected to the House of Representatives for the first time (40th General Election) (Elected

seven times as of present) 1999 Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Construction (2nd Obuchi Cabinet) 2000 Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Construction (Mori Cabinet) 2001 Parliamentary Senior Vice-Minister for Education, Culture, Sports, Science and

Technology (Koizumi Cabinet) 2005 Chairman of the Committee on Health, Labour and Welfare of the House of

Representatives 2007 Minister of State for Special Missions (1st Abe Cabinet)

(Okinawa and Northern Territories Affairs, Quality-of-Life Policy, "Challenge Again" Initiative, Science and Technology Policy, and Regulatory Reform) Minister of State for Special Missions (Fukuda Cabinet) (Okinawa and Northern Territories Affairs, Science and Technology Policy, Quality-of-Life Policy and Regulatory Reform)

2008 Minister for Consumer Affairs (Fukuda Cabinet) Minister for Space Policy (Fukuda Cabinet)

2011 Chairman of the LDP’s Diet Affairs Committee December 2012 Minister for Foreign Affairs (2nd Abe Cabinet)

Family: Wife and three children (sons)

Source of photo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan 4

JAPON / JAPAN

Akira Amari Minister of State for Economic and Fiscal Policy; Minister in charge of Economic Revitalisation

Date of Birth: August 27, 1949 Member of the House of Representatives

Responsibilities Economic Revitalisation, Economic and Fiscal Policy, the Total Reform of Social Security and Tax, and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)

Education 1972 Graduated from Keio University, Department of Law, Major in Politics

Career 1983 Member, House of Representatives (HR), elected ten times 1989 Vice-Minister, International Trade and Industry 1993 Director, International Trade and Industry Division, Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) 1995 Chairman, Commerce and Industry Committee, HR 1998 Minister of Labour 2000 Chairman, Finance Committee, LDP 2000 Chairman, Research Commission on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, LDP 2004 Chairman, Committee on Budget, HR 2005 Acting Chairman, Policy Research Council, LDP 2006 Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry 2008 Minister for Regulatory Reform, Administrative Reform and Civil Service Reform 2012 Chairman, Policy Research Council (LDP)

Source of photo: Cabinet Office, Government of Japan 5

JAPON / JAPAN

Yoshimasa Hayashi Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Date of Birth: January 19, 1961

Place of Birth: Yamaguchi Prefecture

Education: Tokyo University, Faculty of Law, 1984 Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 1994

April 1984 - May 1989 Joined Mitsui & Co., Ltd. June 1989 - June 1990 Joined Sanden Kotsu Co., Ltd July 1990 - January 1993 Joined Yamaguchi Gohdoh Gas Co., Ltd. December 1992 - February 199 Secretary to Mr.Yoshiro HAYASHI, Member of the House of

Representatives (HR) February 1993 - August 1993 Secretary to the Minister of Finance January 1994 - June 1995 Policy Secretary to Mr. Yoshiro HAYASHI, Member of the HR July 1995 Elected to the House of Councillors (HC) (17th Regular Election) October 1999 - July 2000 Parliamentary Vice Minister for Finance July 2001 Elected to the HC (19th Regular Election) October 2004 - November 2005 Chairman of the HC Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and

Defense September 2006 - August 2007 Senior Vice Minister of the Cabinet Office July 2007 Elected to the HC (21st Regular Election) August 2008 - September 2008 Minister of Defense March 2009 - July 2009 Chairman of the HC Special Committee on Official Development

Assistance and Related Matters July 2009 - September 2009 Minister of State for Economic and Fiscal Policy December 2012 Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Source of photo: Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan 6

JAPON / JAPAN

Toshimitsu Motegi Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry

Date of Birth: October 7, 1955 Place of Birth: Ashikaga City, Tochigi Prefecture

Educational background March 1978 Graduated from Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo

1983 Completed Master's Degree at John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University

Career 1978-1992 Marubeni Corporation Political Journalist of the Yomiuri Shimbun Management Consultant, Mckinsey&Company July 1993 Elected to the House of Representatives (Tochigi Prefecture 5th district)(elected 7 times consecutively) October 1999 Vice-Minister for International Trade and Industry October 2002 Senior Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs September 2003 Minister of State for Okinawa and Northern Territories Affairs, Science and Technology Policy, and Information Technology September 2007 Chairman, Committee on Health, Labour and Welfare House of Representatives August 2008 Minister of State for Financial Services and Administrative Reform September 2010 Chairman, Public Relations Headquarters, Liberal Democratic Party September 2011 Chairman, Policy Research Council, Liberal Democratic Party December 2012 Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry

Source of photo: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan 7

AFRIQUE DU SUD / SOUTH AFRICA

Dolana Mismang South African Ambassador to France

Date of Birth: 17 January 1957

Qualifications: B Com (Economics and Accounting), University of Swaziland

Career June 2010 South African Ambassador to France January 2006 – June 2010 South African Ambassador to Denmark and Non-Resident Ambassador to Lithuania, Copenhagen, Denmark 2005 - 2006 Deputy Director-General in the Presidency, Responsible for Strategy and Operations 1999 - 2005 Deputy Director-General Responsible for the Office of the Deputy President 1996 – 1999 Business Development Manager Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Durban 1992 - 1996 Eskom, Natal Distributor and from 1995 Planning and Intelligence Manager 1987 - 1992 Shell SA, Retail Analyst, Cape Town

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ALLEMAGNE / GERMANY

Stefan Kapferer State Secretary, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy

Stefan Kapferer was born in Karlsruhe in 1965. He studied administrative science at Konstanz University and, after graduation, worked on a research project at the Treuhandanstalt, the agency charged with the privatisation of former East German state property.

From 1993, he worked for the Lower Saxony branch of the FDP (Free Democratic Party), serving as manager and press spokesman from 1994-98. In 1999, he moved to the FDP Parliamentary Group in the national Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany (Deutscher Bundestag), heading the strategy and campaigns department at the FDP’s federal headquarters from 1999-2003. He was subsequently Director General at Lower Saxony’s State Chancellery until 2008 and, as such, head of the representation of the Land of Lower Saxony to the Federation.

From 2008-09 he was State Secretary in the Ministry of Economics, Labour and Transport of Lower Saxony, and State Secretary to the Federal Minister of Health from 2009-11.

From June 2011 to November 2013 he was State Secretary in the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology and since December 2013 he is State Secretary in the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy.

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ARGENTINE / ARGENTINA

Carlos Bianco Secretary of International Economic Relations

Date of Birth: 21 April 1976 Place of Birth: Quilmes, Argentina Marital status: unmarried

Education Degree in International Trade (Licenciado en Comercio Internacional) granted by the National University of Quilmes (UNQ). Postgraduate studies pursued at ECLAC (Chile) and Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil). Ph.D. candidate at UNQ, Social and Human Sciences Mention. Public Office Presently serving as Secretary of International Economic Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Worship of the Argentine Republic. Served in December 2011-October 2013 as Undersecretary for Investment Development and Trade Promotion and subsequently as Undersecretary for International Economic Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Worship of the Argentine Republic. Served in 2011 as Head of the Directorate for Competitive Development and Investment Environment and of the Directorate for Development of Investment Projects. Academic Administration Served as Deputy Director of the Department of Economics and Administration, as Director of the Diploma Course in Economics and Administration of the Department of Social Sciences, and as Coordinator of the Economics Division of UNQ. Teaching and Research Tenured Adjunct Professor-Researcher at the Department of Economics of UNQ (currently on leave). Non-Tenured Assistant Lecturer at the School of Economic Sciences of the University of Buenos Aires and Professor at the University of Buenos Aires for the Master’s Degree in Politics and Management of Science and Technology. Has served as researcher for the REDES Centre and the Institute of Social Studies for Science and Technology of the National University of Quilmes. Has delivered several undergraduate and postgraduate courses related to the theory of technological change and international economics at UNQ, UBA and the National University of General Sarmiento (UNGS). Other Professional Activities Advisor to several international, regional and Argentine organisations on matters related to international economics, technical change and industrial development. Languages Spanish (mother tongue), English, Portuguese

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AUSTRALIE / AUSTRALIA

Andrew Robb Minister for Trade and Investment

Mr. Robb has qualifications in Agricultural Science and a first class Honours Degree in Economics.

In the 70s Mr. Robb worked as an animal health officer and then as agricultural economist. In the 80s he was Executive Director of the Cattle Council of Australia, and later, Executive Director of the National Farmers' Federation. From 1990 to 1997 Mr. Robb was the Federal Director and Campaign Director of the Liberal Party. The highlight of that time was directing the successful 1996 federal election campaign. From 1997 to 2004 Mr. Robb worked for Mr Kerry and James Packer, as well as advising major companies around Australia and overseas. During this time he also built an Australia-wide direct marketing technology company, was on the investment team for the Gorgan Gas Project, and was a Board Member of Sinclair Knight Merz, Australia’s largest consulting engineering company. Mr. Robb has also been a Board Member of the Garvan Medical Research Foundation, the Menzies Research Centre, the Big Brother Big Sister mentoring organisation, a member of the YWCA Leadership group and was honorary Treasurer of the Liberal Party in NSW. He also served as Chairman of the Australian Direct Marketing Association. In 2003 Mr. Robb was awarded the Office of the Order of Australia for his service to agriculture, politics and the community. Mr. Robb was elected to the Federal seat of Goldstein in October 2004, holding positions as Chairman of the Government’s Workplace Relations Taskforce, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs and then Minister for Vocational and Further Education. In Opposition, he held positions as Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs, Shadow Minister for Infrastructure and Climate Change, Chairman of the Coalition Policy Development Committee and Shadow Minister for Finance, Deregulation and Debt Reduction. Following the Coalition victory at the 2013 election, Mr. Andrew Robb was appointed to the Cabinet as Minister for Trade and Investment.

Mr. Robb lives in Brighton with his wife Maureen, and has three adult children Tom, Joe and Pip. Andrew is the author of “Black Dog Daze: Public Life, Private Demons” (Melbourne University Publishing).

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AUTRICHE / AUSTRIA

Rudolf Hundstorfer Minister for Labour, Social Affairs and Consumer Protection

Rudolf Hundstorfer was born on 19 September 1951 in Vienna and started his trade union activities as youth spokesman in the administration of the City of Vienna. As from 1975, Mr. Hundstorfer was responsible for youth affairs in the Union of Municipal Employees (Gewerkschaft der Gemeindebediensteten - GdG) where he became expert on organisational questions in 1983 before being elected Secretary General and, in 1998, chairman of the „Landesgruppe Wien“ (Vienna‘s faction at the GdG).

In 2001, he was elected executive chairman of the GdG. Mr. Hundstorfer served as chairman of the Social Democratic Trade Unionists (Fraktion Sozialdemokratischer GewerkschafterInnen - FSG) from 2003 to 2006 and was elected chairman of the GdG until May 2007. Rudolf Hundstorfer was member of Vienna‘s Provincial Diet and City Council from 1990 to 2007 and first chairman of Vienna‘s City Council from 1995 to 2007.

In 2003, Rudolf Hundstorfer was elected vice president of the Austrian Trade Union Federation (Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund - ÖGB). In 2006, he followed Fritz Verzetnitsch as executive president of the ÖGB and became its president as well as member of the executive committee in 2007 with a key responsibility for social affairs.

On 2 December 2008, Rudolf Hundstorfer was sworn in as Minister of Social Affairs and Consumer Protection of the Republic of Austria. Since 1 February 2009 he has also been responsible for Labour Affairs.

Rudolf Hundstorfer is married and has three children.

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AUTRICHE / AUSTRIA

Sonja Stessl Vice Minister, Ministry of Finance

Sonja Stessl took up her duties as Vice Minister in the Federal Ministry of Finance on 16 December 2013.

Ms. Stessl was born on 25 March 1981 in Austria. She holds a Master’s degree in Law from the University of Graz (2005). From 22 September 2009 until 16 December 2013 she was a Member of the Austrian Parliament for the Social Democratic Party of Austria and held the position of a speaker of her party for the Court of Auditors. She was deputy chairperson of the Court of Auditors’ Commission and the Constitutional Commission as well as a member of the Budget Commission, Justice Commission and the Commission for Internal Affairs.

Since 2010 Ms. Stessl has been a Member of the local council and deputy chairperson of the Social Democratic Party of the municipality of Feldbach, Styria. She holds several other positions in her party. She is a member of the Presidium and Executive Committee of her party and the “Young Generation” of her party in the province of Styria, president of the district women’s association, President of Volkshilfe (charity organisation), district group Feldbach, and a Member of the Women’s Social Democratic Association of Academics, Intellectuals and Artists (BSA). She is also Deputy President of the Institute for Women and Family (IFF Graz).

Prior to her governmental experience, Ms. Stessl started her professional career in 2005 at the Higher Regional Court Graz as a court trainee, changed as an assistant to the management in 2006 to Joanneum Research, Graz, and in 2008 to the legal department of EFKON AG, Graz. She was a lecturer from April 2012 to September 2013 at KMU-Akademie & Management AG, Linz. From 2009 to 2013 she worked for the NanoTecCenter, Weiz.

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BELGIQUE / BELGIUM

Yves Haesendonck Ambassadeur auprès de l’OCDE

Monsieur l’Ambassadeur Yves Haesendonck a pris ses fonctions en qualité de Représentant permanent de la Belgique auprès de l´OCDE le 5 septembre 2011.

Né le 9 janvier 1956 à Leuven, en Belgique, M. Haesendonck est titulaire d’une maîtrise en traduction.

M. Haesendonck est entré au Ministère des Affaires étrangères en 1979 en qualité d’Attaché à la Direction générale de la chancellerie. De 1980 à 1981, il a occupé les fonctions d’Attaché au Cabinet du ministre du commerce extérieur. De 1981 à 1985, il a été en poste à Bagdad (Irak) en tant que Secrétaire d’ambassade, puis de 1985 à 1988, à Prague (Tchécoslovaquie) où il a occupé les fonctions de Premier Secrétaire d’ambassade. Ensuite, il a été Conseiller d’ambassade à Pretoria (Afrique du Sud) de 1988 à 1991. Nommé au poste d’Ambassadeur de la Belgique à Addis-Abeba (Éthiopie) en 1991, il y est resté jusqu’en 1994. En 1995, il a été Directeur de cabinet adjoint du ministre du Commerce extérieur et des Affaires européennes. Puis, de 1995 à 1999, il a occupé le poste de Directeur de cabinet du ministre des Affaires étrangères.

En 1999, M. Haesendonck a été nommé Ambassadeur, Représentant permanent auprès de l’Union de l’Europe Occidentale. Ensuite, de 2001 à 2005, il a été Ambassadeur, Représentant permanent auprès de l’Unesco. Promu Ambassadeur de première classe en 2005, il a été nommé Adjoint du Secrétaire général du Ministère des Affaires étrangères.

De 2007 jusqu’à sa nomination en qualité de Représentant permanent de la Belgique auprès de l’OCDE, M. Haesendonck était Ambassadeur, Représentant permanent auprès des Institutions internationales à La Haye.

Depuis 1999, M. Haesendonck est Président du Conseil d’administration de la Coopération technique belge (CTB) et depuis 2006, Administrateur de la Société belge pour les investissements dans les pays en développement (BIO).

M. Haesendonck est marié.

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BRESIL / BRAZIL

Paulo Estivallet de Mesquita Director General of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Born on 17 December 1959 in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Education B.Sc. in Agriculture, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 1983 Instituto Rio-Branco (Brazilian diplomatic academy), 1984-1985 Ecole Nationale d’Administration (Paris), 1986-1987

Professional experience Joined the Ministry for External Relations in 1984 Trade Policy Division, 1987-1989 Brazilian Embassy in Rome, 1989-1993 Brazilian Embassy in Santiago, 1993-1995 Diplomatic Planning Secretariat, 1995-1996 Trade Policy Division, 1997-2000 Head of Asia and Oceania Division-II, 2000Advisor (economic affairs) to the Minister for External Relations, 2001-2002 Deputy Permanent Representative to the WTO, Geneva, 2003-2010 Director of the Economic Department, 2011 to the present day. Ambassador, 2013

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CANADA

Ed Fast Minister of International Trade

The Honourable Ed Fast was first elected to the House of Commons in 2006 and was re-elected in 2008 and 2011. He had previously served for two terms as an Abbotsford school trustee and for three terms as a member of Abbotsford City Council.

A graduate of the University of British Columbia, Minister Fast practised corporate and commercial law for 24 years.

On May 18, 2011, Prime Minister Stephen Harper appointed Ed Fast to Cabinet to serve as Minister of International Trade.

Minister Fast assumed responsibility for the Government of Canada’s Global Markets Action Plan, the most ambitious pro-trade and pro-investment plan in Canada’s history. The Plan focuses on Canada’s core strengths in priority markets through bold trade policy and vigorous trade promotion.

Minister Fast recently released Canada’s first International Education Strategy and oversees free trade negotiations with Japan, India and the Trans-Pacific Partnership countries, among others. Canada recently concluded a historic agreement-in-principle with the European Union, and a free trade agreement with South Korea, Canada’s first in the Asia-Pacific region.

Prior to his appointment to Cabinet, Minister Fast chaired the Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights. In 2011, he was appointed Queen’s Counsel for British Columbia and more recently he was awarded the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal for service to his community and country.

Minister Fast and his wife, Annette, have lived in Abbotsford, British Columbia, for 32 years. They have four daughters and two grandsons.

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CANADA

Andrew Saxton Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Finance

Andrew Saxton was first elected to the House of Commons in 2008 and was re-elected in 2011. Mr. Saxton was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Finance in September 2013.

Previously, he was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the President of the Treasury Board in November 2008, and, concurrently, Parliamentary Secretary for Western Economic Diversification following his re-election in May 2011.

Prior to entering federal politics, Mr. Saxton was Chief Executive Officer of King George Financial Corp., a real estate investment firm, and was on the Board of Directors of Canaco Resources, a gold exploration company. Mr. Saxton has worked for Credit Suisse at their Switzerland, New York and Vancouver offices, and for HSBC at their Hong Kong and Singapore offices. He is a former member of the board of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of British Columbia and Yukon.

Mr. Saxton graduated from the University of Western Ontario with a degree in administrative and commercial studies.

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CHILI / CHILE

Alejandro Micco Aguayo Vice Minister of Finance

Mr. Alejandro Micco Aguayo is Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard University (2000) and Master (1998) from the same university. He obtained his degree in Industrial Engineering (1993) and Master of Science in Engineering from Universidad de Chile (1995).

As he has been member of the Christian Democratic Party, he has had the opportunity to participate in politics since he was young. During 1992 he was also elected President of the Student Committee of Industrial Engineering at Universidad de Chile.

Between 1994 and 1996 he worked as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Chile, and he also served as advisor to the Minister of Finances. After that, between 2001 and 2005 he worked at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in Washington DC. In 2005 and 2006 he worked as a Senior Economist at the Central Bank of Chile, specialising in the analysis of macroeconomic and financial environment in Chile and abroad.

In 2006 he became Senior Economist at the Minister of Finances. He participated in processing important bills such as the Retirement Reform, Bonds Tax Reform, and also in creating Negative Tax on hiring young workers, among others. Mr. Micco worked on the development of economic plans which objective was dealing with the international financial crisis of 2008.

During 2009 and 2010 he served as Chief Economist at the Minister of Finances, engaging in its development and processing projects in the finances and labour area, fiscal stimulus and the negotiation of agreements with trade and union organisations.

He is co-author of several books and he has published in various international journals such as Journal of Banking & Finance, The World Bank Economic Review, Journal of International Economics, Journal of Policy Reform, Economics Letters, among others. His research has been used in policy debates in Latin America and in Europe. It includes Financial Macroeconomics and Labour Market. Lately, he has served as Academic Director of the Master in Economic Analysis and Researcher of the Microdata Center at the Faculty of Economics and Business at Universidad de Chile.

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CHILI / CHILE

Andrés Rebolledo Vice Minister of Trade

Mr. Andrés Rebolledo holds a degree in Economy from Universidad de Chile and has extensive experience in international trade.

In 1991 Andrés Rebolledo joined the Directorate General for International Economic Relations (DIRECON) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He was in charge of Mexico, Central America and ALADI at the Latin America & Integration Department. Later, Mr. Rebolledo became Head of the Latin America & Integration Department where he was responsible for preparing, negotiating and managing the Free Trade Agreements signed with the Latin American countries.

In the mid-nineties Andrés Rebolledo earned a graduate degree in International Economics and Economic Development at Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

After his degree Mr. Rebolledo returned to DIRECON and became Head of the Market Access Department. From 2005 to 2008 Mr. Rebolledo was Director of Bilateral Economic Affairs and in 2009 he was appointed Chilean Ambassador to Uruguay and Chile´s Permanent Representative to ALADI.

From 2010 to early 2014 Mr. Rebolledo worked as a consultant in Integration and Trade at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in Washington DC, United States.

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COLOMBIE / COLOMBIA

Mauricio Cardenas Santamaría Minister of Finance

Mauricio Cárdenas has been the Minister of Finance and Public Credit of the Republic of Colombia since September 2012.

Minister Cárdenas has held numerous important positions in the public and private sectors in Colombia, as well as in international organisations and academia.

He has been Minister of Mines and Energy, Minister of Economic Development, Minister of Transport and Director of the National Planning Department.

Moreover, he was the Director of the Latin American Initiative of the Brookings Institution between 2008 and 2011. Previously, he served as President of the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA) and as the Executive Director of Fedesarrollo, a Colombian think-tank.

Also, he has been General Manager of Bogotá’s Energy Company (Empresa de Energía de Bogotá) and president of Titularizadora Colombiana.

Minister Cárdenas has been a columnist of the newspaper El Tiempo. In 1999, CNN and Time Magazine selected him as a Latin American leader for the new millennium.

He has published numerous books and academic articles on subjects related to the Colombian economy. His research has focused on macroeconomic management, economic growth, financial markets, labour issues, inequality, poverty and the impact of institutions on the economy. Since 1992, he has taught undergraduate and graduate courses at Universidad de los Andes and has been a visiting professor and researcher at several universities, including Harvard University.

Minister Cárdenas is an economist. He holds a Masters degree in economics from Universidad del los Andes and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of California at Berkeley.

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COREE / KOREA

Sang-jick Yoon Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy

Appointed as Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy of the Republic of Korea in 2013, Mr. Yoon Sang-Jick has been with the Ministry since 1982. Prior to his current position, he oversaw Korea’s industry and technology policy as vice minister of the Ministry of Knowledge and Economy (2011-2013) and served at the presidential office as Secretary to the President for Knowledge Economy (2010-2011) under the Lee Myung-bak administration.

Given his lifetime career in the public sector that covers trade, energy, commerce and industry, Mr. Yoon is in a unique position to spearhead Korea’s trade, industry and energy policy in a coherent manner.

Minister Yoon has a BA in International Economics (1981) and MA in Political Science (1984) from Seoul National University; SJD (2007) from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is a Certified Delaware CPA and attorney-at-law in the State of New York.

Minister Yoon is married with two children, and resides in Seoul, Korea.

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COREE / KOREA

Kyung-ho Choo First Vice Minister of Strategy and Finance

Mr. Choo Kyung-ho is First Vice Minister of Strategy and Finance of the Republic of Korea. Before assuming his current post, he served as Vice Chairman of Financial Services Commission. He has been in charge of financial policy of the Republic of Korea from the early years of his career at the Ministry of Finance and Economy to his former position at the Financial Services Commission.

Well-known for his expertise in financial policy, he also acquired international experiences by working as a dispatched officer to the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) (1999-2002) and serving as a Counsellor to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2006-2009).

Mr. Choo earned his B.A. in Business from Korea University (1983) and M.A. in Economics from The University of Oregon.

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COREE / KOREA

Tae-yul Cho Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs

Mr. Cho Tae-yul is Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea. His distinguished diplomatic career includes postings in Bangkok, Washington D.C., Riyadh and Geneva. During his time in the Foreign Ministry, he has been responsible for a whole range of issues, in particular relating to trade, serving in such posts as Director-General for Bilateral Trade in 2003-2004 and Deputy Minister for Trade in 2007-2008.

Before assuming his current post, he served as Ambassador to the UN office and WTO in Geneva (2005-2006) and Ambassador to Spain (2008-2011). He also served as Ambassador for Development Cooperation and member of Advisory Group for the UN Development Cooperation Forum (2011-2012) as well as Advisor to the Governor of Gyeonggi Province in 2012.

Mr. Cho graduated from the College of Law of Seoul National University in 1979 and studied at Oxford University in 1982-1983.

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COSTA RICA

Anabel González Minister of Foreign Trade

Ms. González is Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica since May 2010, with lead responsibility for the country's trade and foreign direct investment portfolios. She is a trade policy-maker and practitioner with extensive experience - at the national and international levels - in the formulation and advocacy of trade and investment policies, the negotiation and implementation of agreements, building trade-related institutional capacity, enhancing competitiveness, and promoting foreign investment.

Prior to her position as Minister, Ms. Gonzalez was Senior Adviser on trade and integration at the Inter-American Development Bank in, Washington DC; Director of the WTO Agriculture Division, in Geneva; and Director of Costa Rica's investment promotion agency, among other positions. She has also served as Chair of the Global Agenda Council on Trade & Foreign Direct Investment of the World Economic Forum, for the past two consecutive periods.

Ms. González has a degree in Law from the University of Costa Rica and an LLM from Georgetown University. She has lectured in over 30 countries and published extensively on trade and investment issues.

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COSTA RICA

Alexander Mora Minister-Elect of Foreign Trade

Alexander Mora was born in San José, Costa Rica in 1963. President-Elect, Mr. Luis Guillermo Solís appointed him as Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica. The new Administration will take office on 8 May 2014. As Foreign Trade Minister, Mr. Mora will lead Costa Rica´s foreign trade and investment portfolios, and the relationship with the OECD.

Mr. Mora has extensive experience in trade, banking and information technologies. Before his appointment as Trade Minister, he served as Vice President of the Costa Rican Chamber of Exporters, and President of the Chamber of Information and Communication Technologies. He was Executive Vice President of the Latin American and Caribbean Association of Information Technology Entities (ALETI), Vice President of the Executive Committee of the International Federation of Multimedia Associations, and Coordinator for Central America and the Caribbean for the Global Trade Committee on Information Technologies of the World Information Technology and Services Alliance (WITSA).

Mr. Mora has also served as advisor on digital technologies and knowledge society to the Ministry of Science and Technology. He has also been member of the National Council on Innovation, representative of Costa Rica before the United Nations Commission on Science and Technology Development, member of the Advisory Council on Competitiveness, President of the Trade Promotion Institute of the Chamber of Exporters, Director and Vice chair of the Governing Board of the Bank of Costa Rica, Director and Vice Chair of the International Bank of Costa Rica (BICSA), and President of the Insurance agency and Investment Funds manager of the Bank of Costa Rica.

Mr. Mora is an economist and holds an MBA from the University of Costa Rica.

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DANEMARK / DENMARK

Ulrik Vestergaard Knudsen Permanent Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs

Born 14 February 1969 in Frederiksberg, Denmark Married to Anne Louise Terreni, 3 daughters

Career

2013 Permanent Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, MFA DK 2013 Group Director for International Policy, Vodaphone Group, London 2011-2012 Elected Chair of the OECD Global Strategy Group (formerly ECSS) 2010-2013 Permanent Under-Secretary of State in Prime Minister’s office, Chief Diplomatic Adviser on

EU and Foreign Affairs to the Prime Minister 2009-2010 State Secretary for Strategic Development, Political Director 2008-2009 Denmark’s Ambassador to the OECD and UNESCO 2006-2008 Ambassador, Head of Foreign Minister, Per Stig Møller’s office 2004-2006 Head of Department, Press Officer, Foreign Minister, Per Stig Møller’s office 2003-2004 Counsellor, Economic and European Policy, Danish Embassy, London 2001-2003 Press Adviser, Foreign Minister, Per Stig Møller’s office 2001 Principal Private Secretary to Foreign Minister, Mogens Lykketoft 2000 Private Secretary to Foreign Minister, Niels Helveg Petersen 1998-2000 Embassy Secretary, Danish Embassy, Washington 1997-1998 External Lecturer, University of Copenhagen 1997 Embassy Secretary, Danish Embassy, Moscow 1994-1996 Head of Section, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Copenhagen

Education

1994 Master of Economics, University of Copenhagen

Publications

2003 ASEAN-paper (DIIS) following studies in South-East Asia funded by Annemarie and Erling Kristiansens memorial Fund 1999 WTO and the New Trade Policy (DJØF) (in Danish)

1994-1998 Various working papers and research articles on trade policy and globalisation

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DANEMARK / DENMARK

Klavs Arnoldi Holm Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the OECD

Ambassador Klavs Arnoldi Holm took up his duties as Permanent Representative of Denmark to the OECD on 30 August 2013.

Mr. Holm was born on 21 November 1953 in Copenhagen, Denmark. He holds an M.A. in Political Science from Aarhus University.

Mr. Holm entered the Danish Foreign Service in 1980. He began his career at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, from 1981 to 1986, as Head of section for EC Development Policies. In 1986, he was appointed First Secretary at the Royal Danish Embassy in Paris where he was in charge of the EC’s Sector Policies. In 1989, Mr. Holm returned to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs where he became Head of section on the EC’s Economic Matters (ECOFIN). From 1993 to 1996, he served as Counsellor at the Danish Permanent Representation to the EU in Brussels (“Antici”), before being appointed Head of the Department responsible for the WTO, OECD, Globalisation, USA, Canada, Japan, Australia and New Zealand at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs until 2001. From 2001 to 2005, Mr. Holm served as Minister and Deputy Ambassador for the Royal Danish Embassy in London where he was in charge of Security Policy, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Transatlantic Relations, British Internal Politics and the Embassy’s Administration. On 1 September 2005, he was appointed Ambassador of Denmark to Singapore; he was also accredited to Australia, New Zealand and Brunei. From 2007 to 2012, he was Under-Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Ambassador at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

From 2012 until his nomination as Permanent Representative of Denmark to the OECD, Ambassador Klavs Arnoldi Holm was Under-Secretary for Arctic Affairs and Ambassador at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Mr. Holm is married to Ms. Tove Dindler Holm and they have one son and two daughters.

27

ESPAGNE / SPAIN

Fernando Jimenez Latorre Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs

Personal Data

Born 5 August 1957 Married, two children.

Education

State Economist and Trade Expert Bachelor of Economics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Professional Experience

December 2011: Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs, Ministry for Economic Affairs and Competitiveness 2004-2011: Associate Director at NERA Economic Consulting (Marsh & McLennan Companies), and leads NERA’s Competition Policy Group in Madrid with expertise in the following areas: Antitrust and Competition; Survey Research, Design, and Analysis; and Valuation 2002-2004: Director General of the Spanish Competition Policy Authority 2000-2002: Deputy Director of International Economy 1998-2000: Deputy Director of Economic Policy and International Economy 1993-1998: Economic Counsellor in Spain's Permanent Representation to the European Union in Brussels 1989-1993: Advisor to the Minister of Economy and Finance 1986-1989: Head of Studies at The Economic and Commercial Studies Center

28

ESPAGNE / SPAIN

Gonzalo de Benito Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs

Date of Birth: 15 November 1951

Place of Birth: Madrid

Civil status: married (Esther de Benito), three daughters (Ester, Beatriz and Patricia)

Bachelor in Law by the Complutense University in Madrid. Diploma in International Studies by the Madrid

Diplomatic School

Languages: English, French, German and Italian

Joined the Diplomatic Services in June 1979

He has held the following posts:

Since January 2012, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Ministry for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation).

2009: Ambassador of Spain to the United Arab Emirates

2008: Ambassador at large

2003: Ambassador of Spain to Switzerland

2000: Chief of Cabinet of the Minister of Foreign Affairs

1996: Ambassador of Spain to Peru

1992: Consul General in Houston, USA

1990: Assistant Director General of Personnel at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1988: Assistant Director General of Immigration at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1984: Consul General in Lille, France

1979: First Secretary at the Embassy of Spain in Luxemburg

29

ESPAGNE / SPAIN

Antonio Fernández-Martos General Director of International Trade and Investment, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness

Mr. Antonio Fernández-Martos was appointed on 4 May 2012 as Director General for International Trade and Investment at the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain, where he is responsible for the formulation and execution of trade policy. Before joining the Ministry, he was Deputy Head of the Unit dealing with Investment at the Directorate General for Trade of the European Commission.

He had previously occupied several posts in the trade policy field at the European Commission, dealing with legal aspects of trade policy including WTO dispute settlement, trade in services and trade-related intellectual property rights.

Before joining the Commission in October 2003 he was advisor on international economic matters at the Economic Department of the Spanish Prime Minister’s Office. He had previously worked at the Directorate General for International Trade at the Ministry of Economy in Madrid on EU trade policy issues.

30

ESTONIE / ESTONIA

Urmas Paet Minister of Foreign Affairs

Born: 20 April 1974, in Tallinn, Estonia Marital status: Married, three children Party affiliation: Estonian Reform Party, liberals

Education 1996 University of Tartu, political science 1996 University of Tartu, Master studies in political science

Complimentary courses 1996 University of Oslo, Masters course in International Relations

Career Since 13.04.2005 Minister of Foreign Affairs April 2003 - April 2005 Minister of Culture November 1999 - April 2003 Tallinn City Government, Head of Nõmme District Administration September 1999 - November 1999 Estonian Reform Party, Adviser October 1998 - August 1999 AS Postimees, News Editorial Office, senior editor and political

journalist September 1994 - September 1998 AS Postimees, News Editorial Office, reporter March 1993 - September 1994 Estonian Radio, News Editorial Office, editor May 1991 - May 1992 Estonian Radio, Chief Editorial Office of Foreign News, editor

Working languages Estonian, Russian, English, German

Other interests Cycling, skiing, theater, cinema, literature

31

ETATS-UNIS / UNITED STATES

Michael Froman United States Trade Representative

Michael Froman was sworn in as the 11th United States Trade Representative (USTR) on June 21, 2013. As USTR, he is President Obama’s principal advisor, negotiator and spokesperson on international trade and investment issues. Ambassador Froman leads the Office of the United States Trade Representative in its work to open global markets for U.S. goods and services, enforce America’s rights in the global trading system, and foster development through trade. Key initiatives ongoing under his leadership are negotiations of the Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement in the Asia Pacific; the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership with the European Union; negotiation of agreements on services, information technology and trade facilitation at the World Trade Organization; and monitoring and enforcement U.S. trade rights, including through the Interagency Trade and Enforcement Center (ITEC).

Prior to becoming USTR, Ambassador Froman served at the White House as Assistant to the President and Deputy National Security Advisor for International Economic Affairs, where he was responsible for coordinating policy on international trade and finance, energy security and climate change, and development and democracy issues. He served as the U.S. Sherpa for the G20 and G8 Summits, and staffed the President for the APEC Leaders Meetings. In addition, he chaired or co-chaired the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate, the Transatlantic Economic Council, the U.S.-India CEO Forum and the U.S.-Brazil CEO Forum.

Prior to joining the Obama Administration, Ambassador Froman served in a number of roles at Citigroup and as a Senior Fellow at the Council of Foreign Relations and a Resident Fellow at the German Marshall Fund.

In the 1990’s, Ambassador Froman spent seven years in the U.S. Government. He served as Chief of Staff and as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Eurasia and the Middle East at the U.S. Department of Treasury. He also worked at the White House, where he served as a Director for International Economic Affairs at the National Security Council and National Economic Council.

Ambassador Froman received a bachelor’s degree in Public and International Affairs from Princeton University, a doctorate in International Relations from Oxford University and law degree from Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the Harvard Law Review. He was born in California. He, his wife, Nancy Goodman, and their two living children, Benjamin and Sarah, reside in Washington, D.C.

32

ETATS-UNIS / UNITED STATES

Jason Furman Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers

Jason Furman is the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers. Prior to this role, he served as Assistant to the President for Economic Policy and the Principal Deputy Director of the National Economic Council. From 2007 to 2008 Mr. Furman was a Senior Fellow in Economic Studies and Director of the Hamilton Project at the Brookings Institute. Previously, he served as a Staff Economist at the Council of Economic Advisers, a Special Assistant to the President for Economic Policy at the National Economic Council under President Clinton and Senior Adviser to the Chief Economist and Senior Vice President of the World Bank. Mr. Furman was the Economic Policy Director for Obama for America.

Mr. Furman, who earned his Ph.D. in economics and a M.A. in government from Harvard University and a M.Sc. in economics from the London School of Economics, has also served as Visiting Scholar at NYU’s Wagner Graduate School of Public Service, a visiting lecturer at Yale and Columbia Universities, and a Senior Fellow at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. He has conducted research in a wide range of areas, including fiscal policy, tax policy, health economics, Social Security, and monetary policy. In addition to numerous articles in scholarly journals and periodicals, Mr. Furman is the editor of several books on economic policy, including Path to Prosperity and Who Has the Cure.

33

ETATS-UNIS / UNITED STATES

Catherine A. Novelli Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment

Catherine A. Novelli was sworn in as Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment on February 18, 2014. In this capacity, she leads the State Department’s efforts to develop and implement economic growth, energy, agricultural, oceans, environmental, and science and technology policies to promote economic prosperity and address global challenges in a transparent, rules-based, and sustainable system.

Prior to assuming her current duties, she was Vice President, Worldwide Government Affairs at Apple, Inc. In that role, Ms. Novelli headed a multinational international team responsible for Apple’s federal, international, and state and local government relations and public policy.

Prior to her tenure at Apple, Ms. Novelli was a partner in the Washington office of Mayer, Brown, Rowe & Maw LLP where she assisted Fortune 100 clients on issues involving international trade and investment.

Formerly Assistant U.S. Trade Representative for Europe & the Mediterranean, Ms. Novelli coordinated U.S. trade and investment policy for the over 65 countries of Western Europe, Central Europe, Russia, the NIS, the Middle East and Northern Africa. She has taken a leading role in many of the most important U.S. trade negotiations in Europe, Russia, the Middle East, and North Africa. As the point person for the $1 trillion economic relationship between the United States and Europe, Ms. Novelli led efforts to ensure access to the European market for U.S. manufactured and agricultural products.

Ms. Novelli was the lead strategist in creating the United States’ free trade agenda with the Middle East. She led free trade agreement negotiations with Jordan, Morocco and Bahrain, Oman and United Arab Emirates. She chaired the Trade and Investment Framework Councils with a number of countries in the region, including Turkey, Egypt, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Algeria, and worked on other broad-based, public-private initiatives in the region.

34

ETATS-UNIS / UNITED STATES

Alan D. Cohn Assistant Secretary for Strategy, Planning, Analysis & Risk, Department of Homeland Security

Alan D. Cohn is Assistant Secretary for Strategy, Planning, Analysis & Risk in the DHS Office of Policy. Cohn leads a diverse, multi-disciplinary team formed when the functions of the former Office of Risk Management and Analysis were integrated into DHS Policy’s Office of Strategic Plans. Mr. Cohn is responsible for work including strategy development, assessment, and evaluation, strategic environment assessment, risk modeling, assessment, and analysis, capability and vulnerability assessment, and economic and statistical analysis. Mr. Cohn also plays a key role in ensuring both substantive and structural linkage between strategy and the Department’s programming, budgeting, and major acquisition oversight processes.

As head of the Department’s strategic planning office, Mr. Cohn led the first Quadrennial Homeland Security Review (QHSR), a year-long strategic review of homeland security involving over 500 subject matter experts that resulted in the QHSR Report (2010) and the FY2012-2016 DHS Strategic Plan. Cohn has also managed strategic assessments in areas such as aviation and surface transportation security, nuclear smuggling, counternarcotics, domain awareness, global supply chain security, cyber security, and emergency preparedness and response. Cohn represents DHS on National Security Staff interagency policy committees and on major strategy reviews such as the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review, the Center for Strategic and International Studies’ Beyond Goldwater-Nichols 4, and the Project on National Security Reform. Cohn has been a member of the career Senior Executive Service since 2007. Cohn previously served as Director of Emergency Preparedness and Response Policy in the DHS Office of Policy Development from 2006-2008, and was awarded the Secretary’s Silver Medal, the Department’s second-highest award, in 2007.

Mr. Cohn is also an adjunct professor at Georgetown University Law Center, where he teaches classes on domestic preparedness law and national security crisis law. He authored a legal casebook, DOMESTIC PREPAREDNESS: LAW, POLICY, AND NATIONAL SECURITY (Carolina Academic Press 2012), and is a regular speaker and panelist. Prior to joining DHS, Cohn was an associate and counsel at Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP in Washington, D.C. from 2000-2006, and an associate at Littler Mendelson, P.C. from 1997-1999.

Mr. Cohn was an emergency medical technician in New York City and Colorado from 1990-1994, a FEMA Disaster Assistance Employee from 1995-2006, and a Planning Officer on the Fairfax County Urban Search & Rescue Task Force from 1998-2006. He responded to the 2005 hurricane season, the September 11, 2001 attacks, and the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.

Cohn holds a bachelor’s degree from Columbia University and a law degree from Georgetown University Law Center.

35

FINLANDE / FINLAND

Martti Hetemäki Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Finance

Prior to his current position, Mr. Hetemäki served as Permanent Under-Secretary of State of the Ministry of Finance from 2003 to 2013. Previously, he held several posts in the Ministry of Finance including Director General and Director of the Economics Department, Senior Officer, Junior Officer and Researcher.

Mr. Hetemäki's current affiliations include chairmanship of the Board of The Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra, membership of the Board of Technology Academy Finland and membership of the Finnish Economic Council. Mr. Hetemäki holds a Doctorate in Political Sciences.

36

FINLANDE / FINLAND

Matti Anttonen Under Secretary of State for External Economic Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Mr. Matti Anttonen is Under-Secretary of State for External Economic Affairs in the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.

Prior to his current position Mr. Anttonen served as Director General of the Department of External Economic Relations from 2012 to 2013.

Much of Mr. Anttonen’s career has been connected with Russia. From 2008 to 2012 he served as Finland’s Ambassador to Russia. From 1994 to 2002 he worked first as Director for Russia and later as Deputy Director General of the Division for Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs.

Mr. Anttonen has worked in Finnish diplomatic missions in Washington DC, as Minister and Deputy Head of Mission and at the Permanent Mission of Finland to the UN in Geneva. Matti Anttonen joined the Ministry in 1986. He holds Master degrees both in economics and in modern history.

37

FRANCE

Michel Sapin Ministre des Finances et des Comptes publics

Michel Sapin est né le 9 avril 1952, à Boulogne-Billancourt (Hauts-de-Seine). Fonctions ministérielles •Depuis avril 2014 : Ministre des Finances et des Comptes publics•2012 à 2014 : Ministre du Travail, de l'Emploi, de la Formation professionnelle et du Dialogue social•2000 à 2002 : Ministre de la Fonction Publique et de la Réforme de l'Etat•1992 à 1993 : Ministre de l'Economie et des Finances•1991 à 1992 : Ministre délégué à la JusticeFonctions électives •De 1995 à 2012 : Président de la Communauté de communes du Pays d'Argenton-sur-Creuse•De 2007 à 2012 : Maire d'Argenton-sur-Creuse (Indre) et député de l'Indre•2004 à 2007 : Président du Conseil régional du Centre•2002 à 2004 : Maire d'Argenton-sur-Creuse (Indre)•2000 à 2004 : Vice-président du Conseil régional du Centre•1998 à 2004 : Conseiller général de l'Indre•1998 à 2000 : Président du Conseil régional du Centre•1995 à 2001 : Maire d'Argenton-sur-Creuse (Indre)•1992 à 1994 : Conseiller régional d'Ile-de-France•1989 à 1994 : Conseiller municipal de Nanterre•1988 à 1991 : Président de la commission des lois à l'Assemblée Nationale•1986 à 1991 : Député des Hauts-de-Seine•1984 à 1985 : Vice-président de l'Assemblée Nationale•1981 à 1986 : Député de l'IndreFonctions politiques •Membre du bureau national du PS•De 2007 à 2012 : Secrétaire national du Parti socialiste (PS), chargé de l'économie et de la fiscalité•2003 à 2008 : Responsable national à la Trésorerie auprès du Premier secrétaire•1998 à 2000 : Secrétaire national à l'emploi•1997 à 1998 : Secrétaire national aux questions économiquesAutres fonctions •2004 à 2007 : Président d'Avenir rail•1998 à 2000 : Premier vice-président de l'Association des régions de France (ARF)•1994 à 1995 : Membre du Conseil de la politique monétaire de la Banque de FranceCarrière •Depuis 1980 : Conseiller du tribunal administratif de ParisCursus • Ancien élève de l'Ecole nationale d'administration (promotion Voltaire)• Ancien élève de l'Ecole normale supérieure (ENS) de la rue d'Ulm• Diplômé de l'Institut d'études politiques (IEP) de Paris• Diplômé d'études approfondies (DEA) de géographie• Licencié d'histoireOuvrages L'Etat en mouvement (Bruno Leprince Editeur, 2002)

La France peut s'en sortir, co-signé avec Jean Arthuis (Editions l'Archipel, 2012) L’écume et l’océan (Editions Flammarion, 2014)

38

FRANCE

Laurent Fabius Ministre des Affaires Etrangères

Eléments de biographie : Né à Paris (1946)

• Ancien Premier Ministre• Ancien élève de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure et de l’Ecole Nationale d’Administration• Agrégé de lettres• Ancien Maître des requêtes au Conseil d’Etat• Député de Seine-Maritime depuis 1978, constamment réélu depuis• Ministre chargé du budget (1981 - 1983)• Ministre de l’industrie et de la recherche (1983 - 1984)• Premier Ministre (1984 -1986)• Ministre de l’économie, des finances et de l’industrie (2000 - 2002)• Président de l’Assemblée Nationale (1988 – 1992 / 2000 – 2002)• Ministre des Affaires étrangères

Auteur de six ouvrages, il est spécialiste des questions économiques et financières, des affaires européennes, des relations internationales et également de peinture et de sculpture.

Dernier ouvrage : « Le Cabinet des Douze – Regards sur des tableaux qui font la France » Ed. Gallimard (2010), prix Montaigne.

39

FRANCE

Arnaud Montebourg Ministre de l’Economie, du Redressement Productif et du Numérique

Arnaud Montebourg est né le 30 octobre 1962, à Clamecy (Nièvre). Fonctions ministérielles Ministre de l’Économie, du Redressement productif et du Numérique, depuis avril 2014 Ministre du Redressement productif, de mai 2012 à avril 2014 Fonctions électives Député de Saône-et-Loire, en 1997, réélu en 2002 et 2007 ; Président du Conseil général de Saône-et-Loire de 2008 à 2012 ; Conseiller général de Saône-et-Loire depuis 2008, élu du canton de Montret Fonctions politiques Rapporteur de la commission d’enquête parlementaire sur l’activité et le fonctionnement de tribunaux de commerce présidée par François Colcombet en 1997 Rapporteur de la mission parlementaire d’information sur les obstacles à la lutte contre le blanchiment des capitaux en Europe présidée par Vincent Peillon en 1997 Co-fondateur de l’association « Convention pour la sixième République – C6R » en 2001 Premier Secrétaire fédéral de la fédération PS de Saône-et-Loire en 2002 Vice-président de la Commission des Lois de 2002 à 2007 Porte-parole de Ségolène Royal, candidate investie par le Parti Socialiste pour l’élection présidentielle en 2007 Premier vice-président du groupe Socialiste, Radical et Citoyen à l’Assemblée Nationale en 2007 Secrétaire national du parti Socialiste, chargé de la rénovation de 2008 à 2012 Candidat de 2010 à 2011 aux primaires citoyennes du Parti socialiste pour l’investiture à l’élection présidentielle de 2012 Représentant spécial du candidat à la présidence de la République François Hollande, de 2011 à 2012 Carrière Avocat à la Cour d’appel de Paris, depuis 1990 Premier Secrétaire de la conférence du stage des avocats de Paris en 1992 Cursus Diplôme de l’Institut d’études politiques de Paris Licence de droit de l’Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne Études de droit à l’Université de Dijon

40

FRANCE

Annick Girardin Secrétaire d'Etat au Développement et à la Francophonie, auprès du ministre des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international

Née le 3 août 1964 à Saint-Malo. Députée de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon (depuis 2007).

• Vice-Présidente de la commission des Affaires européennes• Membre de la commission des Finances• Rapporteur spécial du budget « Sécurité et affaires maritimes, pêche et aquaculture »• Secrétaire de la délégation aux Outremers• Vice-Présidente de la section française de l’Assemblée parlementaire de la francophonie

Membre de la Délégation française à l’Assemblée parlementaire du Conseil de l’Europe (2010 à 2012). Conseillère territoriale de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon (depuis 2000).

Conseillère d’éducation populaire et de jeunesse, en charge de la jeunesse, de la culture, de la communication et de la francophonie (à partir de 1999).

41

GRECE / GREECE

Yannis Stournaras Minister of Finance

Born in Athens December 10, 1956, he is Professor of Economics at the Department of Economics, University of Athens, which he joined in 1989.

He graduated from the Department of Economics, University of Athens in 1978. He obtained his post-graduate degrees (MPhil 1980, DPhil 1982) from Oxford University, where he also worked from 1982 to 1986 as a Research Fellow and Lecturer at St. Catherine’s College and as Research Fellow at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. Following his return to Greece he worked as a Special Advisor to the Ministry of Economy and Finance (1986-1989) on Public Enterprises and Incomes Policy issues, and to the Bank of Greece (1989-1994) on Monetary Policy issues.

From 1994 to July 2000 he was Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisors at the Ministry of Economy and Finance. In this capacity, he participated in the negotiations for the entry of Greece in the Economic and Monetary Union.

He was Vice Chairman of the Public Gas Corporation (1994-1997) and a member of the Board of Directors of the Public Debt Management Office (1998-July 2000). From 2000 to 2004 he was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Emporiki Bank and Vice Chairman of the Association of Greek Banks. From 2005 to August 2008 he was managing director of Kappa Securities. He served as Director General of the Foundation for Economic and Industrial Research (IOBE) (September 2009-June 2012) and as Minister of Development, Competitiveness and Shipping of the Interim Government (May-June 2012). Since July 2012, he is Minister of Finance.

42

GRECE / GREECE

Georges Prevelakis Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the OECD

Ambassador George Prevelakis took up his duties as Permanent Representative of Greece to the OECD on 16 September 2013.

Mr. Prevelakis was born in Athens in 1949. He studied Architecture and Engineering in Athens and Urban and Regional Planning in France. After obtaining his PhD at the Sorbonne, he participated in a major Urban Planning reform in Greece. Since 1984, he has pursued an international academic career. Since the end of the Cold War, the focus of his teaching has shifted from Physical Planning to Geopolitics and International Relations.

Mr. Prevelakis has served as Professor and Research Professor in Greece (Polytechneion, Panteion University), in France (Sorbonne, Sciences Politiques of Paris and INALCO), in the United States (Johns Hopkins University, Boston University, Tufts University) and in the United Kingdom (London School of Economics). Between 2003 and 2005, he served as chairholder of the Constantine G. Karamanlis Chair in Hellenic and European Studies at The Fletcher School. He has been a University Professor at Pantheon-Sorbonne (Paris 1) since 2000, and has been active in the French and international media and think-tanks on questions related to Balkan security and lately to the Greek economic crisis.

Mr. Prevelakis' academic and policy interests focus on the interplay between Culture, Politics and Economics. As a Geographer, he envisages those questions through a variety of scales, territorial or reticular. The Greek Diaspora and the Greek merchant marine attract as much of his attention as the Greek State.

Mr. Prevelakis is co-director of the French academic journal Anatoli (CNRS Editions) and bi-weekly op-ed contributor to the Athens daily Estia. He has published many books and academic articles. The most known are: Les Balkans, Cultures et géopolitique (Nathan, Paris), Les réseaux des diasporas (Harmattan, Paris), Géopolitique de la Grèce (Complexe, Brussels).

43

HONG KONG, CHINE / HONG KONG, CHINA

Gregory So Kam-leung Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Mr. So was appointed Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development of the fourth term Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) on 28 June 2012. The Commerce and Economic Development Bureau is responsible for various policy matters including Hong Kong's external commercial relations, inward investment promotion, intellectual property protection, industry and business support, tourism, consumer protection, competition, information technology, telecommunications, broadcasting, film-related issues, creative industries, and development of innovation and technology etc.

Mr. So joined the third term Government of the HKSAR on 1 June 2008 as Under Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development, and was appointed Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development on 28 June 2011.

Before joining the Government, Mr. So was a practicing solicitor. He previously served as the Vice-chairman of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong; Board Member of Hong Kong Hospital Authority; Council Member of Lingnan University; Member of Commission on Strategic Development; and member of the District Council of Wong Tai Sin District.

44

HONGRIE / HUNGARY

Zoltán Cséfalvay Minister of State for Economic Strategy, Ministry for National Economy

Born: 1958 (Hungary)

Career Profile: Minister of State for Economic Strategy, Ministry for National Economy, Budapest, Hungary (2010-) Professor of Economic Geography, Andrássy Gyula German University of Budapest, Hungary (2002-) Deputy Secretary of State, Department for Regional Economic Development, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Budapest, Hungary (2000-2002) Senior Lecturer, Kodolányi János College, Székesfehérvár, Hungary (1998-2008) Research Fellow, Institute for Urban and Regional Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences,Vienna, Austria (1997-1999) Research Fellow, Humboldt Fellowship, Department of Geography, University Heidelberg (1995-1997) Managing Director, Hungarian Centre of Trend Research, Budapest, Hungary (1995-1998) Advisor to the President, Hungarian National Bank, Budapest, Hungary (1991-1995) Head of the Ministerial Cabinet Office, Ministry for Industry, Budapest, Hungary (1990-1991) Research Fellow, Institute for Geography of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (1983-1990)

45

INDE / INDIA

Indra Mani Pandey Deputy Ambassador at the Embassy of India to France

Mr. Indra Mani Pandey assumed the post of Deputy Ambassador at the Embassy of India, Paris on 14 January, 2013.

Earlier, Mr. Pandey served as India’s Consul General at Guangzhou (China) during January, 2010 to December, 2012. He has also served, in various capacities, at Indian Missions at Cairo (Egypt), Damascus (Syria), Islamabad (Pakistan), Kabul (Afghanistan) and Geneva (Switzerland).

At the Ministry of External Affairs in New Delhi, Mr. Pandey has served, in various capacities, in Divisions such as West Asia North Africa (WANA); Consular, Passport and Visa (CPV); Counter Terrorism Cell (CTC); Americas (AMS); and Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives (BSM).

During 1998-99, Mr. Pandey attended the Foreign Service Programme at Oxford University, United Kingdom. He also attended the annual 49th Course on National Security and Strategy, conducted by National Defence College, New Delhi, in 2009.

Mr. Pandey speaks Hindi, English, Arabic and French. Mr. Pandey is married. In Paris, he is accompanied by his wife, Mrs. Sushma Pandey, and daughter, Ms. Devangi Pandey.

46

INDONESIE / INDONESIA

Muhamad Chatib Basri Minister of Finance

Born in Jakarta on August 22, 1965, Muhamad Chatib Basri has accomplished several achievements. Graduated from Faculty of Economics, University of Indonesia, he started his career as Research Assistant in Department of Economics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies during 1994-2001. His research career continually developed in several local and international educational institutions. In 2004-2005, he served as the advisor in the Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs.

His papers have been published in several scientific journals, media, educational institutions publication both local and international, such as “Global Financial Crisis and ASEAN: Fiscal Policy Response in the Case of Thailand and Indonesia”; Asian Economic Policy Review, Vol. 7, No.2; “Why World Exports Are Susceptible to the Economic Crisis – The Prevailing Export Overshooting” Phenomenon Especially in Taiwan: a comment”; and “The Political Economy of Manufacturing Protection” in the paper Indonesian Economy in the New Political Era in honor of Prof. Mohammad Sadli.

A lot of his scientific papers have also been presented in international forums, such as Anticipating the Global Financial Shock: Can Indonesia Repeat Another Good Policy and Good Luck?”, presented in Workshop International Policy Advisory Group for G-20, Earth Institute, Columbia University-ADB-Sciences Po, Paris, October 29-30, 2011; “Indonesia in the Global and Regional Trade Agreement: Sitting on the Fence”, presented in Indonesia Update, September 30-October 1, 2011, in Canberra, Australia, and “Mild Crisis, Half Hearted Stimulus: Indonesia During the GFC”, presented in Ash Centre Harvard Kennedy School, April 13, 2011.

Chatib Basri also served as the Deputy Minister of Finance for G-20 during 2006 to 2010 and Sherpa of the President of the Republic of Indonesia Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at the G20 Washington Summit in November 2008. During 2010 to 2012, Chatib was the Vice Chairman of the National Economic Committee of the President of the Republic of Indonesia. Then he was assigned to serve as the Chairman of Capital Investment Coordinating Board commencing in June 2012. Subsequently, President of Indonesia appointed Chatib Basri to serve as Minister of Finance commencing on May 21, 2013.

47

INDONESIE / INDONESIA

Muhammad Lutfi Minister of Trade

Muhammad Lutfi, borned on Aug 16, 1969, is one of the youngest Indonesians to have been appointed as Minister of Trade. The nomination came just after he ended his term as Indonesian Ambassador to Japan (2010 - 2013).

Muhammad Lutfi first entered the government back in 2005, when President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono trusted him to spearhead the Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM). The role as chairman of the Investment Board was not new to him since he had been a successful businessman before joining the public sector. He was also elected as the national chairman of Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs Association (HIPMI) in his early ages.

In 2008, the World Economic Forum (WEF) granted him an international recognition through the Young Global Leaders Award, along with few other young leaders worldwide.

Lutfi went to Purdue University in the US for his undergraduate study. Currently he lives in Jakarta with his wife, Bianca Adinegoro, and his teenage daughter. If he were not on the driving range, you could easily find him in the gym hitting the treadmill.

48

IRLANDE / IRELAND

Ruairí Quinn Minister for Education and Skills

Ruairí Quinn, T.D., was appointed Minister for Education and Skills in March 2011. He has been a public representative since 1974 and a T.D. representing the people of Dublin South-East since 1977.

As Minister for Education and Skills, reform, jobs and fairness are at the heart of his agenda. Minister Quinn is passionate about delivering high quality education to our growing population in a fair and equitable way. Work is progressing on issues such as:

Patronage and pluralism • Literacy and numeracy• Improving teacher training• Training and re-skilling the newly unemployed• Reform of the Junior Cert, Leaving Cert and points system• Improving our education system at all three levels.

Ruairí Quinn has broad political experience, having served as a Minister in six different Departments, including as Minister for Finance from 1993-1997. From his time in government to serving as Leader of the Labour Party between 1997 and 2002, his depth of experience and political acumen is extensive.

His political memoir, Straight Left - A Journey in Politics, was published in 2005. Before entering public life, Ruairí Quinn was an architect and town planner. He is married to Liz Allman. He has two sons and a daughter.

49

ISLANDE / ICELAND

Bjarni Benediktsson Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs

Bjarni Benediktsson is Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs since 23 May 2013. Date of Birth: 26 January 1970

Party

Independence Party, chairman of the Independence Party since 2009.

Parliamentary Career

Member of Althingi for the Southwest Constituency since 2003.

Earlier committees

• Member of the Foreign Affairs Committee 2009-2013.• Member of the Foreign Affairs Committee's Working Group on European Affairs 2010-2013.• Member of the EU-Iceland joint Parliamentary Committee 2010-2013.• Member of the Credentials Committee 2005-2009.• Member of the Economy and Taxation Committee 2007-2009.• Member of the Foreign Affairs Committee 2005-2009 (Chairman 2007-2009).• Member of the Health and Social Security Committee 2004-2005.• Member of the General Affairs Committee 2003-2007 (Chairman 2003-2007).• Member of the Budget Committee 2003-2007.• Member of the Industry Committee 2003-2004 and 2007.• Member of the Althingi Special Committee on Constitutional Affairs (former) 2009-2010.• Member of the Althingi Special Committee on Constitutional Affairs 2004-2008.• Member of the Icelandic delegation to the Nordic Council 2009-2012.• Member of the Icelandic Delegation to the EFTA and EEA Parliamentary Committees 2005-2009

(Vice-Chairman 2007-2009).• Member of the Icelandic Delegation to the WEU Assembly 2003-2005 (Chairman 2003-2005).

50

ISRAËL / ISRAEL

Nimrod Barkan Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the OECD

Ambassador Nimrod Barkan took up his duties as Permanent Representative of Israel to the OECD on 7 September 2010, following the accession of Israel to the Organisation.

Mr. Barkan was born in Israel on 11 December 1952. In 1976, he graduated from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in History and International Relations and holds a Masters in International Relations from the same university. Mr. Barkan joined the Foreign Ministry in 1977. In 1982, he was posted to the United States, serving as Consul for the Mid-Atlantic Region based in Philadelphia. From 1985 to 1987, he was posted to Egypt serving as Political Counsellor. Then, in 1988, he was appointed Director of the Department of Arms Control and Regional Security and Director of Egyptian Affairs. He was also Deputy Director, Bureau of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and consultant to the Ministry of Defence on U.S. Congressional Affairs. From 1990 to 1992, Mr. Barkan taught International Relations at the National Defence College of Israel and the Department of International Relations at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. In 1992, Mr. Barkan returned to the United States, serving as Minister responsible for Public Affairs at the Embassy of Israel in Washington D.C. Subsequently, in 1995, he was posted to San Francisco, serving as Consul General for the Pacific North-West. In 1999, he was named Director of Palestinian Affairs Division and was a member of the Negotiation Administration, participating in the Camp David Talks. From 2001 to 2002, he was Policy Adviser to the Director General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Director of the Bureau of Strategic and Economic Affairs at the Policy Research Centre of the Ministry. In 2002, he was named Director of the Bureau for World Jewish and Inter-religious Affairs. From January 2006 to January 2010, Mr. Barkan was the Head of the Foreign Ministry Centre for Policy Research. He is serving as Ambassador to Multilateral Organisations in France since mid-February 2010.

Ambassador Barkan is married and has two children.

51

ITALIE / ITALY

Pier Carlo Padoan Minister of Economy and Finance

Mr. Pier Carlo Padoan was appointed Minister of Economy and Finance in the Government led by Matteo Renzi on 24 February 2014.

Mr. Padoan was Professor of Economics at the University La Sapienza of Rome, and Director of the Fondazione Italianieuropei, a policy think-tank focusing on economic and social issues. On 1 June 2007 Mr. Pier Carlo Padoan was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the OECD. As of 1 December 2009 he was also appointed Chief Economist while retaining his role as Deputy Secretary-General. In addition to heading the Economics Department, Mr. Padoan was the G20 Finance Deputy for the OECD and has also lead the Strategic Response, the Green Growth and Innovation initiatives of the Organisation.

From 2001 to 2005, Mr. Padoan was the Italian Executive Director at the International Monetary Fund, with responsibility for Greece, Portugal, San Marino, Albania and Timor Leste. He served as a member of the Board and chaired a number of Board Committees. During his mandate at the IMF he was also in charge of European Co-ordination.

From 1998 to 2001, Mr. Padoan served as Economic Adviser to the Italian Prime Ministers, Massimo D’Alema and Giuliano Amato, in charge of international economic policies. He was responsible for co-ordinating the Italian position in the Agenda 2000 negotiations for the EU budget, Lisbon Agenda, European Council, bilateral meetings, and G8 Summits.

He has been a consultant to the World Bank, European Commission, European Central Bank. Mr. Padoan has a degree in Economics from the University of Rome and has held various academic positions in Italian and foreign universities, including the College of Europe (Bruges and Warsaw), Université Libre de Bruxelles, University of Urbino, Universidad de la Plata, and University of Tokyo. He has published widely in international academic journals and is the author and editor of several books.

52

ITALIE / ITALY

Giuliano Poletti Minister of Labour and Social Policies

Giuliano Poletti was born in Imola (Emilia Romagna), on November 19, 1951.

After graduating as an agronomist, he worked as an agricultural technician.

In 1975, he was elected City Councilor for the city of Imola. Later, he held the position of Councilor for Productive Activities and member of the Provincial Council of Bologna.

In addition to his political – administrative commitments, he maintained a professional activity as President of ESAVE (organisation that carries out Studies and Promotion of Viticulture and Enology of the Emilia Romagna region).

Elected President of Legacoop of Imola on 1989, he left this charge in September 2000 to become the Regional President and then the National Vice President of the said organisation.

From 1992 to 2000, he also was Chairman of EPHESUS, the training branch of Legacoop in Emilia Romagna.

Prior to his nomination as Minister of Labour and Social Policies in 2014, he has also been President of the National Legacoop, President of Coopfond (the Fund for the cooperative promotion of Legacoop) and President of the Alliance of the Cooperatives, the national coordination body consisting of the cooperative representative organizations AGCI, Confcooperative and Legacoop.

53

ITALIE / ITALY

Carlo Calenda Vice Minister for Trade

PERSONAL DETAILS Marital status: married – Date of birth: 9 April 1973 – Place of birth: Rome PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Since 28 January, 2014 Vice Minister at the Ministry of Economic Development (Renzi Giovernment) 2013 - 2014 Vice Minister at the Ministry of Economic Development (Letta Government) 2008 – 2013 Director General of the Interporto Campano S.P.A. – Naples

Director of the Interporto Servizi Cargo S.P.A. - Naples 2004 – 2008 Confindustria, Rome headquarters : Director for International Affairs and

Assistant to the President 2003 – 2004 Sky Italia Rome/Milan: Product Marketing and Planning Manager 1998 – 2003 Ferrari, Maranello:

Relationship Manager - Financial Institutions (2002- 2003) Customer Relationship Manager for Ferrari and Maserati (2000-2002) Customer Care Manager for Ferrari and Maserati (1998- 2000)

From May to Oct. 1998 Southern Star plc, London: Business Development 1995 – 1998 Prudential Sim S.P.A., Rome: Senior Financial Planner 1991 – 1994 San Paolo Invest S.P.A., Rome: Financial Planner OTHER APPOINTMENTS 2009 – 2012 Member of the Board of Directors of Gesac S.P.A. (the Company managing Naples Airport) 2009 – 2013 Member of the Board of Directors of Terminal Napoli S.P.A. (the Company

managing Naples Cruise Terminal) 2009 – 2013 Member of the Board of Directors of theOorione Fund set up by the Fondazione

Cassa di Risparmio di Torino (CRT Foundation) 2008 – 2009 Member of the Board of Directors of NTV (Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori, an Italian private

high-speed rail operator) Until July 2008 Member of the Strategic Reflection Group established by the Italian Ministry for

Foreign Affairs Until July 2008 Member of the Advisory Committee of Agenzia Ice (Italian Trade Promotion Agency) Until July 2008 Member of the Board of Directors of IAI (Institute of International Affairs) 2000 – 2001 Member of the Fiat Group’s Steering Committee for the adoption of new technologies Author of several articles for la Stampa, Corriere della Sera and il Foglio newspapers.

EDUCATION : Rome University “La Sapienza”, April 1998: University degree in Law with International Law concentration.

54

LETTONIE / LATVIA

Edgars Rinkēvičs Minister of Foreign Affairs

Education 1999 – 2000 U.S. National Defence University, Industrial College of the Armed Forces, Master’s Degree (MS)

in National Resource Strategy 1995 – 1997 University of Latvia, Master’s degree in Political Science 1994 – 1995 Groningen University (The Netherlands), Political Sciences and International Relations Studies

(certificate) 1991 – 1995 University of Latvia, Faculty of History and Philosophy, Bachelor’s degree

Professional experience 25 October 2011 – Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia 10/2008 – 10/2011 Chancery of the President of Latvia, Head of the Chancery 08/1997 – 10/2008 Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Latvia, Secretary of State 2005 – 01/2007 Office for organising the NATO Summit of Heads of State and Government, Office

Manager 2002 – 2003 Deputy Head of the Latvian delegation for accession negotiations with NATO 05/1997 – 08/1997 Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Latvia, Acting Secretary of State 09/1996 – 05/1997 Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Latvia, Under Secretary of State for Defence

Policy Matters 03/1996 – 09/1996 Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Latvia, Policy Department, Director 1995 – 03/1996 Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Latvia, Policy Department, Senior Desk Officer 1993 – 1994 Latvijas Radio, Journalist, foreign policy and international relations topics

Awards 2013 Commander, First Class, of the Order of the Lion of Finland 2007 Grand Officer of the Order of Three Stars 2007 NATO award For Meritorious Service 2006 The Order of Orange-Nassau, the Kingdom of Netherlands 2005 The Order of Merit, the Republic of Estonia 2005 The Order of Merit, the Italian Republic 2005 Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland 2004 Commander of the Great Cross of the Order of Viesturs 2004 Republic of Latvia Minister of Defence Award - Commemorative Medal for Advancing Latvia's

Accession to NATO 2000 Republic of Latvia Minister of Defence Award - Medal of Honourable Merit for Contribution to

Armed Forces Development

55

LETTONIE / LATVIA

Andris Vilks Minister of Finance

Work experience:

November 3, 2010: Minister of Finance of the Republic of Latvia November 2, 2010: Member of the 10th Parliament of the Republic of Latvia January-May 2010: Economic advisor to SEB banka 2007-2009: Chief Economist at SEB banka 2002-2007: Head of Market and Sector Analysis Department at SEB Unibanka 2002: Analyst at SEB Merchant Banking in Stockholm, Industry & Country Analysis 2000-2002: Head of Equity Market Analysis Division at Latvijas Unibanka 1997-1999: Analyst of Strategy and Analysis Department at Latvijas Unibanka 1995-1997: Analysis of Crediting Department at Latvijas Unibanka 1986-1994: State-owned companies, public organisations

Other professional experience:

March 2009 – November 2010: Economic and financial advisor to the Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis January 2009 – October 2010: Economic advisor to Latvian Large Cities Association May 2005 – 2010: Head of Economic and Monetary Committee of the Association of Latvian

Commercial Banks January 2008 – March 2009: Advisor to the Prime Minister Ivars Godmanis on banking issues 2007: Member of the Macroeconomic Situation Stabilisation Group established

by the Government Education:

1995-2004: Investment, financial analysis, management, marketing training courses 1991: Leadership Course, Stockholm, Gothenburg, Frankfurt 1991: Management & Marketing, Nordisk Landboskole, Odense, Denmark 1981-1986: University of Latvia, Faculty of Geography, geographer – lecturer 1970-1981: Valka 1st Secondary School

Political activities:

Since June 2010, a member of political party “Civic Union” of the party union “Unity”

56

LETTONIE / LATVIA

Vjačeslavs Dombrovskis Minister of Economics

Education: 2003 – Clark University (USA, Massachusetts), PhD in Economics, specialisation in public finance and econometrics 2001 – Clark University (USA, Massachusetts), Master's Degree in Economics 1999 – University of Latvia, Bachelor of Economics and Finance

Professional experience: January 22, 2014 – Minister of Economics May 2, 2013 – January 22, 2014 Minister of Education and Science 2011 – Elected to the 11th Saeima of the Republic of Latvia, Chairman of the

Reform Party faction, Chairman of the Economic, Agricultural, Environmental and Regional Policy Committee of the Saeima

September 2012 Riga Graduate School of Law, Visiting Professor 2003 – 2011 Stockholm School of Economics in Riga, Associate Professor January 2003 – November 2011 Baltic International Centre for Economic Policy Studies (BICEPS), Research

Fellow June – August 2011 Soros Foundation – Latvia, Chairman of the Board 2010-2011 European Cooperation in Science and Technology ISO 701: Comparative

Analysis of Enterprise Data: Industry Dynamics, Firm Performance and Employee Outcomes, member of the leading committee

2009 – 2011 Working Group on Policy Relevant Research on Entrepreneurship and SMEs of the European Commission, national expert

December 2009 Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) in (Mannheim, Germany), Visiting Researcher

2008 – 2011 TeliaSonera Institute at the Stockholm School of Economics in Riga, Research Fellow

Autumn 2007 Centre for Study of Public Choice, George Mason University (USA), Visiting Researcher

March – April 2004 Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics at the Stockholm School of Economics in Riga, Visiting Researcher

Summer 2003 – Autumn 2004 Riga Business School, Visiting Lecturer 2000 – 2002 Clark University (USA), Tutor 1999 Clark University (USA), Institute for Economic Policy Studies, Research

Assistant 1996 – 1998 Euro Faculty at the University of Latvia, Research Assistant

57

LITUANIE / LITHUANIA

Linas Linkevičius Minister of Foreign Affairs

Date of birth: January 6 , 1961 Place of birth: Vilnius, Lithuania Marital status: Married

Education 1978 - 1983 Faculty of Automatics, Kaunas Polytechnic Institute

Work experience 13 December 2012 – present Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania 2012 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of

Lithuania to the Republic of Belarus 2011 – 2012 Ambassador-at-Large, Transatlantic Cooperation and Security Policy

Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania 2005 – 2011 Permanent Representative of Lithuania to the North Atlantic Council 2000 – 2004 Minister of National Defence of the Republic of Lithuania 1997 – 2000 Ambassador, Head of the Lithuanian Mission to the WEU and NATO 1997 Adviser to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania 1993 – 1996 Minister of National Defence of the Republic of Lithuania 1992 – 1993 Deputy Chairman of the Seimas Committee on Foreign Affairs, Head of

the Seimas Delegation to the North Atlantic Assembly 1992 – 1996 Member of the Seimas (Parliament) of the Republic of Lithuania 1992 Chairman of the Council of the Lithuanian Labour Youth Union 1990 – 1992 Responsible employee of the Central Committee of the independent

Lithuanian Communist Party, Senior Consultant of the Parliamentary Group of the Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania

1983 – 1989 Employee in Communist youth organisations

Diplomatic rank 12 February 2003 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary

Miscellaneous Decorations Order of Three Stars, Third Class (Latvia) (2001), Cross of Commander of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas (2003), Cross of Commander of the Order of the Cross of Vytis (2004), Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, Second Class (Estonia) (2005), Order of Honour (Georgia) (2011) Languages: Lithuanian (native), English, Russian

58

LUXEMBOURG

Etienne SchneiderVice Premier Ministre, Ministère de l’Économie

Etienne Schneider was born on 29 January 1971 in Dudelange.

Education and qualifications Following secondary school studies at the Lycée technique Nic Biever in Dudelange and subsequently the Lycée technique d’Esch-sur-Alzette, Etienne Schneider pursued higher education studies at the Institut catholique des hautes études commerciales (ICHEC) in Brussels and at Greenwich University in London, where he was awarded a degree in commercial and financial sciences in 1995. Governmental posts Etienne Schneider joined the government in February 2012 as Minister of the Economy and Foreign Trade in the coalition government formed by the Christian Social Party (CSV) and the Luxembourg Socialist Workers’ Party (LSAP). Following the legislative elections of 20 October 2013, Etienne Schneider was appointed Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of the Economy, Minister of Internal Security, Minister of Defence on 4 December 2013 in the coalition government formed by the Democratic Party (DP), the LSAP and the Green Party (“déi gréng”). Other political posts A member of the LSAP since 1991, Etienne Schneider was a municipal councillor in Kayl from 1995 to 2005. Following the municipal elections of 2005, he was elected first alderman, a mandate he held until 2010. From 1997 to 2004, he assumed the role of secretary general of the LSAP parliamentary group in Parliament. Professional activities From 1995 to 1996, Etienne Schneider was a research assistant at the European Parliament in Brussels. From 1996 to 1997, he held the role of economist for the LSAP parliamentary group in Parliament. In 1997, he served as a project leader with the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in Brussels. In 2004, Etienne Schneider was appointed government advisor to the Ministry of the Economy and Foreign Trade, responsible primarily for the Directorates of Energy, E-Commerce and IT/Data Security. In 2009, he was appointed senior government advisor to the Ministry of the Economy and Foreign Trade, responsible for the Directorates of Economic Development, Infrastructures and Energy. In 2011, he assumed responsibility for the Directorate General of Economic Development, Industry and Businesses. Upon proposal of the government and in light of his roles within the Ministry of the Economy and Foreign Trade, Etienne Schneider became a member of the executive board of several companies. In 2005, he was appointed chairman and managing director of the Société électrique de l’Our (SEO). Having led the negotiations that resulted in the creation of the company Enovos in 2010, Etienne Schneider, chairman of the executive board of Cegedel SA since 2004, was subsequently appointed chairman of Enovos International SA and Enovos Deutschland AG. He was also appointed chairman and managing director of grid company Creos in 2010. In late 2010, he was appointed to the role of vice-chairman of the National Credit and Investment Company (Société nationale de crédit et d’investissement – SNCI). Upon being appointed minister in February 2012, Etienne Schneider resigned from all the above posts.

59

LUXEMBOURG

Paul Dühr Ambassadeur auprès de l’OCDE

M. l’Ambassadeur Paul Dühr a pris ses fonctions de Représentant permanent du Luxembourg auprès de l’OCDE le 2 octobre 2012.

M. Dühr est né à Luxembourg en 1956. Après des études secondaires à l’Athénée grand-ducal au Luxembourg et aux États-Unis, il obtient une maîtrise en droit privé de l’Université d’Aix-Marseille III et devient avocat au barreau du Luxembourg.

Il débute sa carrière en février 1985 comme Attaché de Légation à la Direction des Affaires politiques du Ministère des Affaires étrangères au Luxembourg avant d’occuper le poste de Représentant permanent adjoint du Luxembourg auprès du Conseil de l’Europe de 1986 à1989. En 1989, M. Dühr est également correspondant européen. De 1990 à 1998, il est nommé Représentant permanent adjoint du Luxembourg auprès des Nations-Unies, de l’Organisation mondiale du Commerce et des Organisations internationales à Genève. M. Dühr accède, en 1998, au poste d’Ambassadeur du Luxembourg au Portugal où il restera jusqu’en 2003 avant d’être affecté aux postes d’Ambassadeur, Représentant permanent du Luxembourg auprès de l’Union de l’Europe occidentale, et Représentant auprès du Comité Politique et de Sécurité de l’Union européenne. En 2007, il est nommé Ministre plénipotentiaire en service ordinaire et Secrétaire Général du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères et de l’Immigration.

De 2008 jusqu’à sa nomination en qualité de Représentant permanent du Luxembourg auprès de l’OCDE, M. l’Ambassadeur Paul Dühr exerçait les fonctions d’Ambassadeur extraordinaire et plénipotentiaire du Grand Duché du Luxembourg près le Saint Siège (avec résidence à Luxembourg).

M. Dühr est marié et père de deux enfants.

60

MEXIQUE / MEXICO

Ildefonso Guajardo Villarreal Minister of Economy

Mr. Ildefonso Guajardo Villarreal was born in Monterrey, Nuevo León, on April 19, 1957. He obtained his B.A. in Economics at the Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, and later did graduate studies in economics at Arizona State University (ASU) and the University of Pennsylvania (EBD).

Mr. Guajardo Villarreal was Chief Economist of the Brazil Section, and Associate Economist in the Fiscal Affairs Department at the International Monetary Fund (1988-1991) before becoming Director of the North American Free Trade Agreement Affairs Office, based at the Embassy of Mexico in Washington, D.C. (1994).

Mr. Guajardo has held different positions in the Federal Government, first as undersecretary at the Foreign Affairs Ministry (1994-1997); later as Deputy Ministry of Tourist Development (1997); and as Planning, Communication and Liaison Technical Secretary for the Trade and Industrial Development Ministry (1998-1999).

At the state level, he was head of the Governor’s Executive Office (2003 – 2006), year in which he ran as candidate for Congress for the First Local District of Monterrey, position that won, becoming leader of the Minority Group of the Nuevo Leon State Congress, in the LXX Legislature.

His latest positions were Federal Congressman for the Second District of Nuevo Leon, Chairman of the Economics Commission, Member of the Treasury and Public Credit Commission, and President of the Mexico-U.S.A. Friendship Group at the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies, and Coordinator of the Entrepreneurial Liaison in the Presidential Campaign of Mr. Enrique Peña Nieto.

He has been a full time professor at the Autonomous University of Nuevo León; and assistant professor at the Arizona State University and the Wharton Business School at the University of Pennsylvania.

On December 1, 2012, Mr. Guajardo Villarreal was appointed as Secretary of the Economy by the President Enrique Peña Nieto.

61

MEXIQUE / MEXICO

Fernando Aportela Rodríguez Undersecretary of Finance and Public Credit

Fernando Aportela is the Undersecretary of Finance and Public Credit of Mexico since December 2012. Prior to that he was the Executive Director of Investment Banking of Evercore Mexico until November 2012. In 2004 he joined Protego, which subsecuently in 2005 merged with Evercore Partners becoming Evercore Mexico.

Before that he was Undersecretary of Finance of the State of Veracruz, Mexico. Fernando Aportela also served as director of economic research in the Central Bank of Mexico, deputy director of the team of economic advisors to the President of Mexico and member of the team of economic advisors to the Minister of Finance and Public Credit of Mexico. Mr. Aportela received a B.A. from Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) and a Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

62

NORVEGE / NORWAY

Hans Bratteskar State Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Born: 01.07.1956

Work experience: 2013 – 2013 Ambassador to Kenya and Norway’s Representative to the UN organisations based in

Nairobi 2011 – 2013 Director General and Special Envoy for Climate Change, Ministry of the Environment 2008 – 2011 Director for the Norwegian Government’s International Climate and Forest Initiative,

Ministry of the Environment 2007 – 2008 Special Adviser for Peacebuilding Operations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2003 – 2007 Ambassador to Sri Lanka 1998 – 2003 Minister Counsellor, Norway’s Permanent Mission to the UN in New York 1993 – 1998 Chief of Staff, Secretariat of the Minister for International Development 1989 – 1992 First Secretary, Political Affairs, Norwegian Embassy in Washington DC 1986 – 1992 Second Secretary, Norwegian Embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 1984 – 1986 Foreign Service trainee 1983 – 1984 Assistant Professor of Economics and Administration, Østfold University College

Education: 1987 Ph.D., International Relations and Affairs, Claremont Graduate University

NORVEGE / NORWAY

Bård Glad Pedersen State Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Born: 10.10.1976 Family: Married, two children

Work experience: 2009 – 2013 Statoil. Communication manager and press spokesperson 2007 – 2009 Burson Marsteller. Communications adviser, head of public affairs department 2005 – 2007 Conservative Party Parliamentary Group. Head of communication 2004 – 2005 State Secretary in the Ministry of Defence 2001 – 2003 Political Adviser for the Minister of Defence 2000 – 2001 PricewaterhouseCoopers. Associate auditing

Education: 1995 – 2000 M.Sc. in Business, Bodø University College

Other appointments: 2000 – 2002 First Deputy Chair, Young Conservatives 1998 – 2002 Member of the Central Executive Committee, Young Conservatives 1999 – 2001 Member of Nordland County Council

Military service: 1997 – 1998 Bodø air base

63

NORVEGE / NORWAY

Paal Bjørnestad State Secretary, Ministry of Finance

Experience

2012 – 2013 Senior Adviser, Prime Minister’s Office, International Department

2006 – 2008 and 2009 – 2012 Counsellor, the Norwegian Embassy in Saudi Arabia

2008 – 2009 Adviser to the Executive Director (Board Member), the African Development Bank, Tunisia

2004 – 2006 First Secretary, the Norwegian Embassy in South Africa

2001 – 2004 First Secretary, the Permanent Mission of Norway to the EU, Brussels

1989 – 1991 Counsellor, Bergen Municipal

1989 – 1993 Deputy member of the Norwegian Parliament

Offices

1992 – 1993 Member of the Progress Party’s Central Executive Committee

1987 – 1989 Political Deputy Chairman in the Progress Party’s Youth

Education

2001 – 2001 Trainee in Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1998 – 1999 Master of International Affairs, Economic Policy Management, Columbia University, New York

1992 – 1998 Cand. Oecon, University of Oslo

1996 – 1997 The Ruhrgas Scholarship of Economics, University of Mannheim, Germany

64

NOUVELLE-ZELANDE / NEW ZEALAND

Tim Groser Minister of Trade

Tim Groser was born in Perth, Scotland and came to New Zealand with his parents in 1958. He served in a number of key departments including the New Zealand Treasury, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and the Prime Minister’s Advisory Group.

Minister Groser has extensive international trade experience and has served New Zealand in a number of capacities, including being New Zealand’s Chief Negotiator in the GATT Uruguay Round, the Round that brought agriculture into the system of world trade rules for the first time, and has been instrumental in helping to develop the Global Research Alliance on greenhouse gas emissions.

Before being elected to Parliament in 2005, Minister Groser was New Zealand’s Ambassador to the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Chair of Agricultural Negotiations for the WTO. He is currently engaged in a suite of FTA negotiations across the Asia-Pacific including the Trans-Pacific Partnership.

In addition to his trade role, Minister Groser has been deeply involved in facilitating international climate change negotiations since 2010, having participated in his first Ministerial Climate Change Meeting in Poland in 2008. Tim is a special guest of the Major Economies Forum, which is dedicated to climate change. He has represented New Zealand at numerous UN, UNCTAD, OECD, World Bank, UNFCCC and APEC Conferences. He was chief adviser to the NZ ABAC (APEC Business Advisory Council) delegation 2000-2002.

Minister Groser has written extensively on international economic issues, climate change and in particular, international trade issues. He has participated in, or chaired, a number of GATT and WTO dispute settlement cases since 1986. He is a member of the Asia Society of New York’s Global Council.

Languages: French, Bahasa Indonesia

65

NOUVELLE-ZELANDE / NEW ZEALAND

Todd McClay Minister of Revenue, Associate Minister of Tourism

Hon. Todd McClay is the Member of Parliament for Rotorua. He was first elected to Parliament in 2008 after winning his seat from the Labour Government with a majority of more than 5000 votes. In 2011 he was re-elected and increased his majority to more than 7300 votes.

In June 2013, Mr. McClay was appointed Minister of Revenue and Associate Health and following a Cabinet reshuffle this year, he retained the Revenue portfolio and was appointed Associate Minister of Tourism.

Previously he was Chair of the Government’s influential Finance and Expenditure Select Committee and has chaired the Commerce Select Committee, been Deputy Chair of the Social Services Select Committee and was a member of the Foreign Affairs, Trade and Defence Select Committee.

Prior to entering Parliament Mr McClay owned an international communications and lobbying company in Europe. He has worked in political capacity internationally, in the European Parliament as the Chief of Staff to the Leader of the British Conservative Party and for the Irish Fianna Fail Party.

In 2000, he was appointed the Cook Islands and Niue Ambassador to the European Union serving these governments in Brussels, Belgium. In recognition of his work for the people of the Cook Islands, in 2005 Mr. McClay was made an Honorary Cook Islands National.

Minister McClay lives in Rotorua with his wife and four children.

66

PAYS-BAS / NETHERLANDS

Marten Cornelis Van Den Berg Deputy Vice-Minister of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Mr Van den Berg studied Economics at the Erasmus University in Rotterdam.

His first entry into public life was as senior policy advisor for General Technology Policy at the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In 1995, he was Deputy Chairman of the Working Group Technology Transfer, UNCTAD. In 1996, he was appointed to the Ministry of Economic Affairs as Adjunct Secretary General and, from 1998, Deputy Director for Spacial Economic Policy.

In 2001, Mr. Van den Berg was appointed Economic Minister at the Royal Netherlands Embassy in Washington.

In 2004, he returned to the Ministry of Economic Affairs as Deputy Director General for Foreign Economic Relations and, in 2008, he was also appointed Director Economic Diplomacy. In 2012, the Directorate General for Foreign Economic Relations became part of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

67

POLOGNE / POLAND

Andrzej Dycha Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Economy, National Co-ordinator of Cooperation between Poland and OECD

Born on April 27, 1978. He graduated majoring in political science with a specialisation in European Integration at the University of Szczecin. He also studied political science at the French Université Montesquieu in Bordeaux.

From 2004 to 2010 he worked in the European Parliament as an administrator of the Secretariat of the Political Group “Union for Europe of the Nations”.

From 2007 to 2010 he was the Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Since October 2010, he was a member of the Political Cabinet of the Commissioner for Agriculture in the European Commission.

In December 2011, he was appointed for the position of Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Economy.

He is fluent in English and French.

68

PORTUGAL

Bruno Maçães Secretary of State for European Affairs

Bruno Maçães was born in 1974. He received his Law degree from the University of Lisbon in 1997 and his Ph.D in Political Science from Harvard University.

Between 2006 and 2007, Maçães was a Professor at the University of Yonsei in the Republic of Korea, where he taught International Political Economy. He then worked at the American Enterprise Institute in 2008. From 2008 to 2011, M. Maçães helped launch a new international university in Europe, the European College of Liberal Arts in Berlin. The first students to attend the new institution graduated in 2011.

Between June 2011 and March 2013, M. Maçães was political adviser to the Prime Minister of Portugal. His latest publications discuss political economy, structural reforms and the future of the euro area.

70

REPUBLIQUE POPULAIRE DE CHINE / PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Wang Shouwen Assistant Minister of Commerce

Education Bachelor’s degree in engineering, Hunan University, China Master’s degree in economics, University of International Business and Economics Doctoral degree in economics, Peking University, China

Professional career Having worked as Deputy Director of Translation and Interpretation Service Division of the Protocol Department, and Director of Tendering Division and Textile Division of the Department of Foreign Trade Administration of MOFTEC, Wang was promoted to Deputy Director General of the Department of Foreign Trade Administration in May 2001. He subsequently worked as Deputy Director-General of the Department of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of Tibet Autonomous Region under the Aid-Tibet Program in Aug. 2001. After his tenure as Deputy Director-General and Director-General of the Bureau of Fair Trade of MOFCOM starting from September 2003, Mr. Wang became Director General of the Department of Foreign Trade of MOFCOM in Dec. 2006 (between February 2009 and July 2010, he temporarily served as Member of the Standing Committee of CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee and Vice Mayor of Nanjing). In Aug. 2013, Wang was appointed Assistant Minister of Commerce and member of the CPC Leadership Group of MOFCOM.

71

REPUBLIQUE SLOVAQUE / SLOVAK REPUBLIC

Peter Kažimír Deputy Prime Minister; Minister of Finance

Peter Kažimír was born on June 28, 1968 in Košice, Slovak Republic. He graduated at the University of Economics in Bratislava, in the field of foreign trade.

From 1993 to 2006, Mr. Kažimír worked in industrial real estate and business restructuring field. Between 2001 and 2006, he was a member of the Supervisory Board at the DDP Credit Suisse Life and Pensions. In 2006, Mr. Kažimír was appointed State Secretary of the Ministry of Finance of the Slovak Republic. In this period, he was also a Chairman of the Supervisory Board at the National Nuclear Fund. From 2010 to 2012, he was a Member of Parliament of the Slovak Republic and Vice-Chairman of the Finance and Budget Committee. Mr. Kažimír was three times elected Member of Parliament of the Slovak Republic and since 2010 he has been also the Vice-Chairman of Social Democrats (SMER-SD). In April 2012, Mr. Kažimír was appointed Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance of the Slovak Republic.

72

REPUBLIQUE TCHEQUE / CZECH REPUBLIC

Jan Mládek Minister of Industry and Trade

Academic Degree: Ing., Csc. Date of Birth: 1/6/1960 Place of Birth: Jidřichův Hradec, Czechoslovakia

Professional interests Systematic changes and macroeconomic regulation, privatization, industrial policy, restructuring

Positions held 2014 – Present Minister of Industry and Trade 2006 - 2013 Director of the Czech Institute of Applied Economics 2005 – 2006 Minister of Agriculture 2005 – 2006 Chairman of the Presidium of the Land Fund of the Czech Republic 2004 – 2005 Economic Advisor to Prime Minister 2002 – 2005 Member of the Parliament of the Czech Republic 2000 – 2002 Director of the Czech Institute of Applied Economics 1999 – 2001 Vice - Governor of the IMF for the Czech Republic, Washington D.C. 1999 – 2001 First Deputy Minister of Finance 1998 – 1999 Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Policy 1994 – 1998 Director of the Czech Institute of Applied Economics 1984 – 1998 Advisory; Senior positions in Academic Sphere and Government

Education 1985 -1990 Prognostic Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Science

Economics 1986 -1989 Charles University Prague

Mathematics 1979 -1983 University of Economics Prague

Economics

Fluent in Czech (mother tongue), English, Russian and Polish – basic knowledge of German.

73

REPUBLIQUE TCHEQUE / CZECH REPUBLIC

Vladimir Bartl Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade

Date and place of birth: July 14, 1965 in Liberec Marital status: married, three sons Education 1983 Secondary School of Civil Engineering in Liberec 1988 Czech Technical University, Department of Geodesy and Cartography Professional Experience March 15, 2014 Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade, Foreign Trade Section and the European Union Section 2011 Fiduciary to the Minister of Industry and Trade for International Trade Competitiveness 2010 BCM Control s.r.o., active in marketing, quality system implementation and other commercial projects 2006 - 2010 Embassy of the Czech Republic in Paris 2005 “Negotiation Techniques in the EU” Internship in Maastricht 2004 - 2006 Advisor to the Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade 2000 - 2004 Embassy of the Czech Republic in Ottawa 1999 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 1994 HOUDEK, s.r.o., metrology and technology transfer 1989 - 1993 Geodezia CS, a.s., geographic information systems Publications 2011 co-author of the “Agreement on guaranteed level of service in promoting the commercial interests of Czech companies” (signed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and by the Minister of Industry and Trade) 2004 - 2006 co-author of the “New System of Management of Commercial and Economic State Services Abroad” and “Export Strategy for 2006-2010” Activities 2006 – 2010 part of a team that was dedicated to active lobbying for the promotion of Czech interests (the location of the Control Centre of the Galileo Program, and of one of the pillars of the European Extreme Light Infrastructure program in the Czech Republic) co-organized the “Czech-French Economic Year” during the FR PRES and CZ PRES Language Skills English, French active knowledge Russian passive knowledge

74

REPUBLIQUE TCHEQUE / CZECH REPUBLIC

Ivan Jukl Director General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Academic Degree: Ing, MBA

Qualification 1984-1988: CVUT (Czech Technical University), Prague – Master of Engineering – Economy and Management of Energy Systems 1990-1991: ĽInstitut Franco – tchèque de Gestion Prague, Grenoble, Toulouse France - Business Management 1997: JICA /Japan – Hokkaido International Post Graduate Training Center, Production Management Executive Course 2002: Danish European Institute - Prague/Copenhagen, Certtificate – EU Negotiation Techniques 2006-2009: Sheffield Hallam University- MBA Professional Career 05/2012-today: Director General, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, Economic Section 2006-04/2012: Czech Trade Promotion Agency/CZECH TRADE – CEO 2000-2006: Embassy of the Czech Republic in Denmark, Commercial Counsellor 1999-2000: ELTODO Group - Head of Business Unit 1988-1999: VATECH EZ – different positions, Head of International Relations Department

Language Skills Czech: Mother tongue English: Fluent Russian: Fluent German: Fluent French: Fluent Danish: Passive Spanish: Passive

75

ROYAUME UNI / UNITED KINGDOM

David Willetts Minister of State for Universities and Science

David Willetts MP is the Minister for Universities and Science. He has been MP for Havant since 1992 and previously worked at HM Treasury and the Number 10 Policy Unit. He served as Paymaster General in the last Conservative government. He has written widely on economic and social policy, and is a council member of the Institute for Fiscal Studies. His book The Pinch: how the baby boomers took their children’s future – and why they should give it back was published in 2010.

76

ROYAUME UNI / UNITED KINGDOM

Matthew Hancock Minister of State for Skills and Enterprise

Matthew is the Conservative Member of Parliament for West Suffolk, England. He was appointed Minister of State for Skills and Enterprise in October 2013. This role is shared between the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills and the Department for Education. Responsibilities include: • further education;• adult skills, Skills Funding Agency and skills strategy;• lifelong learning and informal adult learning;• apprenticeships;• UK Commission for Employment and Skills and the Sector Skills Councils;• workplace training reforms;• qualifications reform programme;• small business, enterprise and access to finance;• business support.Education Matthew John David Hancock was educated at Farndon County Primary School, West Cheshire College and The King’s School, Chester. He gained a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics from Exeter College, University of Oxford, and a Masters Degree in Economics from the University of Cambridge. Political career After becoming an MP for West Suffolk, Matthew was elected to the Public Accounts Committee, which scrutinises and questions the way that Government departments spend taxpayers’ money, and the Committee on Standards and Privileges that adjudicates on MPs’ conduct. In September 2012 Matthew was asked to become Minister for Skills in the Department for Business and Department for Education. In September 2013 he was promoted to become Minister of State for Skills and Enterprise, adding responsibility for small business to his existing responsibilities for Apprenticeships and technical education. Previous work experience Matthew’s first job was with his family computer software business. Later, he worked as an economist at the Bank of England and in 2005 moved to work for the then Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne. He stepped down from his role with George Osborne in February 2010 after being selected for the West Suffolk constituency in the 2010 general election. In September 2011, he co-authored his first book ‘Masters of Nothing’ with Nadhim Zahawi MP. The book looks at the human behaviour that caused the crash and the changes we need to make to ensure that it doesn’t happen again.

77

ROYAUME UNI / UNITED KINGDOM

Chris Barton Director of International Affairs, Trade Policy & Export Control in the Department for Business, Innovation & Skills

He joined the UK civil service in 1998, having spent 5 years as an Economics and Business Studies teacher. After initial postings in the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) dealing with telecoms regulation, competition policy, and the UK coal industry, he spent three years in Brussels at the UK Representation to the EU leading on competition policy and company law issues.

On return to DTI he led the UK Employment Law Simplification Review. From 2007 he worked on energy issues, leading respectively on UK's renewable energy strategy, international energy and energy security policies, mostly in the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC).

He took up his current post in November 2013. He is married with 3 children.

78

SLOVENIE / SLOVENIA

Alenka Bratušek Prime Minister of the Republic of Slovenia

Alenka Bratušek was born on 31 March 1970 in Celje and spent her youth in Žalec. Following her graduation from the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, she obtained a master's degree in management of non-profit organisations from the Faculty of Social Sciences in 2006.

She first worked for a small textile company. In 1995, she took up employment with the Ministry of the Economy, where as part of her work in the area of small business, she participated in the setting up of the small business promotion network. After the birth of her second child, she moved to the Ministry of Finance in 1999, becoming head of its Budget Directorate in 2004. She was responsible for the national budget, financing of local communities and drawing of European funds. In 2007 and 2008, she played an active role in the preparations for the Slovenian EU Council presidency. As a member of the operational working group for presidency preparation, she headed the budget sub-group.

In the early election in 2011, she was elected to the National Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia on the List of Zoran Janković – Positive Slovenia. As a deputy, she chaired the parliamentary Commission for Public Finance Control and was a member of the Committee on Finance and Monetary Policy, and the Committee on Justice, Public Administration and Local Self-Government.

On 17 January 2013, at the meeting of the party Council, she was unanimously elected President of Positive Slovenia.

On 27 February 2013, she was elected Prime Minister of the Republic of Slovenia with the support of 55 deputy votes. She thus became the first woman at the top of the executive branch of power in the history of independent Slovenia.

The government led by Ms Alenka Bratušek is composed of the following coalition partners: Positive Slovenia, the Social Democrats, the Civic List and the Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia.

Including Ms Alenka Bratušek, there are three women and three masters and six doctors of science among the ministers in her team. Their average age is 45. When presenting her team members, Ms Alenka Bratušek said: "We are old enough to know what makes the world go around and yet young enough to still believe that we can change it!"

She is a proud mother of two children, a daughter soon to be 19 and a nearly 15-year old son, but chooses not to reveal details of her private life as she maintains that this is something that belongs solely to her.

79

SLOVENIE / SLOVENIA

Karl Viktor Erjavec Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs

Date of Birth: 21 June 1960

Education: BA in Law

Foreign languages: French, English, Croatian, Serbian, German

Career 1995–2000 Office of the Human Rights Ombudsman: Director of the Expert Service; Head of the Office of the Human Rights Ombudsman 2001–2004 State Secretary, Ministry of Justice 2004–2008 Minister of Defence 2006 Chair of the Informal Meeting of NATO Defence Ministers, Portorož, Slovenia 2005 President of the Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia 2008–2010 Minister of the Environment and Spatial Planning 2011 Deputy of the National Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia 2012 Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs

Mr. Erjavec is the author of a variety of articles on the protection of basic human rights, the functioning of the judicial system and security issues. He is often invited to lecture at various professional seminars and conferences at home and abroad.

He is married and has two daughters.

80

SLOVENIE / SLOVENIA

Metod Dragonja Minister of Economic Development and Technology

Mr. Metod Dragonja was appointed recently as Minister of economic development and technology of the Republic of Slovenia.

Since 2008 he was director of Nova Ljubljanska banka Representatitve office in Moscow. In this capacity he was responsible for export financing operations of NLB clients in Russian federation and CIS countries. He joined the bank after 30 years of experience in business, serving in senior management positions, mainly as President and CEO of Lek Pharmaceuticals, a leading Slovenian pharmaceutical corporation. As the president of this company he has not only led a company to become one of the leading pharmaceutical companies in Central and Eastern Europe, but also to enter very successfully the US generic market. He has also played a key role when the company becomes part of Sandoz in 2002, a Novartis generic division. Between 2005 and 2007 he served as Sandoz national director for Russian Federation in Moscow.

In the period from 1996 – 1999 Mr. Dragonja was Minister of Economic Affairs of the Republic of Slovenia. As a member of the Slovenian government in the period when the country was intensively restructuring its economy and started the process of joining the European Union, he was responsible for some key restructuring projects in the sectors of industry, energy and tourism.

Mr. Metod Dragonja graduated from the Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana with a bachelor’s degree in economics. He had various positions in corporate finance at Lek Pharmaceuticals including CFO. Afterwards he took direction in general management serving as President of Lek’s management board for 15 years. He holds several awards from the Chamber of Economy and from management associations for his prominent business achievements.

For many years Mr, Dragonja has been serving on the supervisory board of IEDC Bled School of Management contributing the school to become a leading executive management development institution in Central and Eastern Europe. He is also transferring his extensive business experience to the participants of the IEDC programs.

Mr. Dragonja is married and father of 2 daughters.

81

SLOVENIE / SLOVENIA

Boštjan Vasle Director of the Institute of Macroeconomic Analysis and Development

Boštjan Vasle holds a MA degree in Economics from Central European University, Budapest (1997). He started his professional career at the Ministry of Finance’s Treasury Department in Ljubljana.

In 2001 he joined the Institute of Macroeconomic Analysis and Development (IMAD), where he was involved in price and monetary policy analysis. In 2006 he was engaged at the Government Office for Growth, a newly established ministry for coordination of structural reform progress, where he supervised the implementation of economic reforms.

In 2007 he returned to IMAD and assumed its leadership. His main responsibilities include policy analysis, macroeconomic forecasting and structural progress monitoring.

82

SUEDE / SWEDEN

Ewa Björling Minister for Trade, Minister for Nordic Cooperation, Ministry for Foreign Affairs

Ewa Björling is the Swedish Minister for Trade, Ministry for Foreign Affairs. In 1993, Ewa took her doctorate with a thesis dealing with B-cell immunity against HIV. She is a dentist, a qualified dental surgeon, and was appointed an associate professor of virology in 1999. Ewa Björling led a research group at Karolinska Institutet for several years. She has been a member of the board at the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency and chair of the National Council for Coordination of HIV Prevention. She was elected an MP for the Moderate Party in 2002, and appointed Minister for Trade in 2007. In 2011-2012, she co-chaired the Transatlantic Task Force on Trade and Investment to spur greater leadership on future trade policy in Europe and the United States.

As a member of the Parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs, Ewa’s areas of expertise included trade issues. She was also active in the issues of international development and human rights. She encouraged cooperation among all countries, not least the countries of Africa, where one of the main objectives was to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS.

83

SUEDE / SWEDEN

Susanne Ackum State Secretary, Ministry of Finance

Areas of responsibility State Secretary Susanne Ackum • Economic policy• International issuesPersonal Born in 1961, one child Education 1993 PhD in Economics, Uppsala University 1991 PhLic in Economics, Uppsala University 1988 Soc Sc in Economics and Statistics, Uppsala University Positions held 2005-2009 Director-General, Economic Affairs Department, Ministry of Finance 1997-2005 Director-General, Institute for Labour Market Policy Evaluation (IFAU) 1995-1997 Director, Trade Union Institute for Economic Research (Fief) Other assignments 2010 Swedish Member of the Working Party 3 (WP3), OECD 2010 Swedish Member of the Economic and Financial Committee (EFC), EU 2005-2010 Swedish Member of the Economic Policy Committee (EPC), OECD 2005-2010 Swedish Member of the Economic Policy Committee (EPC), EU

84

SUISSE / SWITZERLAND

Johann Schneider-Ammann Federal Councillor; Head of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER

Born in 1952 in Sumiswald (canton Bern) Citizen of Hasle bei Burgdorf (canton Bern) Married to Katharina Schneider-Ammann; two children (born 1979 and 1981)

Elected on 22 September 2010. Took up office as head of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER on 1 November 2010.

Studied electrical engineering at the ETH Zurich (1977 Dipl. El. Ing. ETH) and completed an MBA in 1982/83 from INSEAD in Fontainebleau/Paris.

Worked as a project manager at Oerlikon-Bührle in 1978. Joined the Ammann machine engineering firm in 1981, Chairman of the Board of the Ammann Group 1987-2010 and President and Delegate of the Ammann Group 1990-2010.

Politics Member of the National Council for the FDP. The Liberals representing canton Bern from 1999 until 2010, member of the Committee for Economic Affairs and Taxation.

Military Colonel (General Staff), Commandant of Mountain Infantry Regiment 17 until mid-2002.

Previous mandates President of the Swiss Engineering, Electrical and Metal Industry Association(Swissmem) Management committee of economiesuisse (Vice-President) Board member of Confederation of Swiss Employers Board member of Trade and Industry Association of Canton Bern Board member of Association of Swiss Businesses in Germany Board member of Swatch and Belenos Clean Power Holding AG Board member of Mikron (President)

Honorary Councillor of the ETH Zurich

85

SUISSE / SWITZERLAND

Marie-Gabrielle Ineichen-Fleisch Secrétaire d’Etat, Département fédéral de l'économie, de la formation et de la recherche

Marie-Gabrielle Ineichen-Fleisch (*1961), avocate de formation et titulaire d'un MBA, a été nommée secrétaire d'Etat et directrice du Secrétariat d'Etat à l'économie (SECO), et est entrée en fonction le 1er avril 2011. Elle est également à la tête de la Direction des affaires économiques extérieures.

Nommée ambassadeur et déléguée du Conseil fédéral aux accords commerciaux en 2007, Mme Ineichen-Fleisch a aussi été négociatrice en chef de la Suisse auprès de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) et membre de la direction du SECO. En sa qualité de responsable du centre de prestations Commerce mondial à la Direction des affaires économiques extérieures, Mme Ineichen-Fleisch s'est par ailleurs occupée des relations avec l'OCDE et de la négociation des accords de libre-échange.

Elle a dirigé le secteur OMC de 1999 à 2007, après avoir été, depuis 1995, cheffe de section au sein de la division OMC de l'ancien Office fédéral des affaires économiques extérieures (OFAEE). De 1992 à 1993, elle a travaillé à la Banque mondiale (Washington DC, Etat-Unis) en tant qu'assistante du directeur exécutif suisse. Entre 1990 et 1995, elle a exercé la fonction d'adjointe scientifique au service juridique et à la section Investissements internationaux et transfert de technologie de l'OFAEE.

En 1989, elle a obtenu un MBA à l'INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France), après avoir occupé un poste de junior consultant chez McKinsey, à Zurich, en 1988. Elle a terminé ses études de droit à l'Université de Berne en 1987, et elle a obtenu son brevet d'avocat.

86

TURQUIE / TURKEY

Ali Babacan Deputy Prime Minister for Economic and Financial Affairs

Ali Babacan was born in Ankara in 1967.

He graduated first in the Class of 1985 from the TED Ankara High School.

In 1989, he received a Bachelor of Science Degree (BS) in Industrial Engineering from the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, where he ranked first among the graduates of that year.

In 1990, he was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship and attended the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, where he received his Master of Business Administration (MBA) in Marketing, Organizational Behavior and International Business in 1992.

From 1992 to 1994, he worked at a Chicago-based company providing financial consulting services to top executives of major banks in the United States.

Subsequently, he returned to Ankara to run his family business from 1994 until 2002.

In 2001, he became a Founding Member and Board Member of the Justice and Development Party (AK Parti), a position which he still retains.

In November 2002, he was elected to Parliament and appointed as the Minister of Treasury, a cabinet position he retained until August 2007.

In addition to his tenure as Minister of Treasury, in June 2005, Mr. Babacan was appointed as the first Chief Negotiator for Turkey’s accession negotiations with the European Union.

Between August 2007-May 2009, he served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey.

He has been serving as the Deputy Prime Minister for Economic and Financial Affairs since May 2009.

He is also a member of National Security Council.

Mr. Babacan is married with three children.

87

UNION EUROPEENNE / EUROPEAN UNION

László Andor Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion

László Andor has been the EU's Commissioner for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion since February 2010. Between 2005 and 2010 he represented Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Croatia on the Board of Directors of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development in London. Previously he was an associate professor at Corvinus University of Budapest and King Sigismund College, editor of journals, and advisor to the Hungarian Prime Minister.

A Hungarian national, Mr Andor graduated from the University of Economic Sciences in Budapest in 1989, studied at George Washington University, Washington, D.C., and earned a Master's degree in Development Economics from the University of Manchester in 1993 as a British Council Fellow. He holds a Ph.D in Economics from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

88

UNION EUROPEENNE / EUROPEAN UNION

Marco Buti Director General, Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs

Marco Buti, educated at the Universities of Florence and Oxford, joined the European Commission in 1987.

He was economic advisor of the Commission President until 2003; from September 2003 to August 2006 he was Director of Economies of Member States at the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs where, as from 1 September 2006, he has been appointed Deputy Director General and, since December 2008, Director General.

He has been visiting professor at the Université Libre de Bruxelles, the University of Florence and at the European University Institute. He has published extensively on EMU, macroeconomic policies, welfare state reforms, European unemployment.

89

UNION EUROPEENNE / EUROPEAN UNION

Jean-Luc Demarty Director General, Directorate-General for Trade

Jean-Luc Demarty has been Director-General for Trade in the European Commission since January 2011. The common commercial policy is one of the most important policies of the European Union, of which it is an exclusive competence.

As such, the Directorate-General for TRADE (“DG TRADE”) is responsible for negotiating, implementing and enforcing bilateral, plurilateral and multilateral trade agreements on goods, services, investments, public procurement and intellectual property. DG TRADE is also responsible for preparing and implementing trade legislation, more specifically trade defense measures, such as anti-dumping.

The main on-going negotiations include: the DDA multilateral negotiation under the WTO; the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership with the United States (TTIP); the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement with Canada (CETA); free-trade agreements with Japan, India, MERCOSUR, several ASEAN countries; the Economic Partnership Agreements with ACP; and the Geneva plurilateral negotiations on services (TISA) and information technologies (ITA).

Prior to joining DG TRADE, Jean-Luc Demarty was Director-General in charge of Agriculture and Rural Development (“DG AGRI”), in the European Commission (2005-2010). He previously held several senior management functions in DG AGRI and in the Directorate-General for Research.

Beforehand, Jean-Luc Demarty was Advisor in the Private Office of Jacques Delors; first, from 1981 until 1984, while Mr Delors was Minister of Economy, Finance and Budget of the French Republic; then, from 1988 to 1995, when Mr Delors was President of the European Commission. Jean-Luc Demarty also worked as analyst and advisor in economic policy, including agriculture, at the Ministry of Economy, Finance and Budget of the French Republic.

Jean-Luc Demarty graduated from the Ecole Polytechnique of Paris (1974) and from the Ecole du Génie Rural et des Eaux et Forêts of Paris (1976). Of French nationality, he was born in 1952 in Reims, Champagne, where he followed secondary school in the Jesuit College. He resides in Brussels with his wife; they have three children and are grand-parents.

90

UNION EUROPEENNE / EUROPEAN UNION

Péter P. Balás Deputy Director General, Directorate-General for Trade

Born in 1949 in Budapest, Hungary, Péter Balás joined the European Commission in November 2005 and has since been Deputy Director-General in the Directorate-General for Trade. From 2002 to 2005 he was Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Hungary to the WTO.

Between 1994 and 2002, he was working first at the Ministry of Economy and later at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Budapest. He was appointed Deputy State Secretary for international economic relations in 1996. Péter Balás was also Director-General from 1991 to 1994 in the Ministry of International Economic Relations in Budapest. In the period 1991-1986 he worked in Geneva as Deputy Head of the GATT Representation of Hungary.

Prior to this, from 1982 to 1986, he held the post of Director at the Ministry of Foreign Trade, while between 1978 and 1982 he worked as Commercial Counsellor at the Commercial Representation of Hungary in Colombo, Sri Lanka. From 1972 to 1978 he was Desk Officer for South East Asia at the Ministry of Foreign Trade in Budapest. Mr Balás holds a Doctor's degree in Economics from the Budapest University of Economic Sciences.

91

International Organisations Organisations internationales

AELE / EFTA

Kristinn F. Árnason Secretary General

Kristinn F. Árnason has served as the Secretary-General for the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) since 2012, appointed by the EFTA Council which consists of Ministers from Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.

Kristinn F. Árnason joined the Icelandic Foreign Service as a career diplomat in 1985 and was appointed Ambassador in 1997. He was the Chief Negotiator and Spokesman for Iceland on Fisheries Issues 1992 – 1994, Director of External Trade 1994 – 1998, Ambassador to Norway 1999 – 2003, Director of the Defence Department 2003 – 205 and Ambassador and Permanent Representative to EFTA, WTO and other International Organisations in Geneva from 2005 to 2012.

Kristinn F. Árnason earned a law degree from the University of Iceland, LL.M. in International Business Studies from the University of Exeter and did a postgraduate studies in Maritime Law at the University of Oslo.

Prior to joining the Foreign Service, Kristinn F. Árnason practiced law, firstly in a private law firm and later as a solicitor for the Icelandic Federation of Employers.

Kristinn F. Árnason is married and has three children.

95

BANQUE MONDIALE / THE WORLD BANK

Cyril Muller Vice President, World Bank Group External and Corporate Relations (ECR)

Cyril Muller joined External and Corporate Relations as vice president in November 2011. Previously, he was the director for banking and debt management in the World Bank Treasury, responsible for modernising the financial products available to member countries and providing public debt management advisory services. From 2005 to 2010, he served as the World Bank’s special representative for Europe, based in Paris. His main responsibilities were managing the dialogue with European governments and institutions. Muller has held a range of positions across the World Bank since 1991, with an external break in service from 2000-2005. He holds economics degrees from Neuchatel University in Switzerland and New York University.

96

BRI / BIS

Peter Dittus Secretary General

Peter Dittus is Secretary General of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), responsible for corporate services as Chief Administrative Officer. He has been with the BIS since 1992, and his previous positions have included Special Assistant to the General Manager, Head of Information Technology Services and Deputy Secretary General. Before joining the BIS, he worked at the OECD and the World Bank, and taught at the University of the Saarland. Peter Dittus studied economics at the University of Michigan as well as the University of the Saarland, and holds a Doctorate from the latter. He is married and has three children. Hobbies include classical music, literature, hiking and sailing.

97

FMI / IMF

Axel Bertuch-Samuels Deputy Director in the Strategy, Policy and Review Department and IMF Special Representative to the United Nations

Axel Bertuch-Samuels, is Deputy Director in the Strategy, Policy and Review Department and IMF Special Representative to the UN.

He was Deputy Director in the IMF Monetary and Capital Markets Department from 2002 to 2012.

Between 2000 and 2002 he served as Special Advisor to the Managing Director. Mr. Bertuch-Samuels also worked for the EBRD as Director and Head of the President’s Office from 1998 to 2000, and was Chief Economist of the German Savings Banks and Giro Association from 1993 to 1998. Prior to this, he served as a Senior Advisor to the Deputy Minister of Finance of Germany.

98

FMI / IMF

Christian Mumssen Director, IMF Europe Office in Paris and Brussels; Senior Resident Representative to the European Union

Christian Mumssen is Director of the IMF Europe Office in Brussels and Paris, and Senior Resident Representative to the European Union.

In his 14 years at the IMF, he has worked on countries in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia. Also, as Assistant Director in the Strategy, Policy, and Review Department, he was responsible for reviewing country operations and developing IMF policies and lending facilities.

Prior to joining the IMF, Mr. Mumssen was a Principal Economist at the EBRD in London. He holds a Masters in Economics from the London School of Economics and a D.Phil. in Economics from the University of Oxford.

99

OIT / ILO

Sandra Polaski Deputy Director-General for Policy

Ms. Sandra Polaski (United States) serves as the Deputy Director-General for Policy of the International Labour Organization (ILO). She is responsible for research, policy formulation and delivery of technical advice in the areas of employment, social protection, conditions of work, social dialogue and international labour standards.

Prior to joining the ILO, Ms. Polaski served as Deputy Undersecretary for International Affairs at the United States Department of Labor, where she headed the Bureau of International Labor Affairs. In that capacity she was responsible for formulation of U.S. policy on international labour and employment matters, in collaboration with the Secretary of Labor and other U.S. government agencies. She led U.S. bilateral labour dialogues with a number of governments and headed research and technical assistance on international labour and employment issues.

Prior to her work in the U.S. Government, Ms. Polaski was a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, a global think tank with offices in Washington, Beijing, Moscow, Beirut and Brussels. At the Carnegie Endowment she directed the Trade, Equity and Development Program, which focused on growth, trade, livelihood and income distribution in developing countries.

Ms. Polaski earlier served as the US Secretary of State's Special Representative for International Labor Affairs. She was responsible for incorporating labor and livelihood issues into US foreign policy under Secretaries Madeleine Albright and Colin Powell. Prior to that Ms. Polaski directed employment and labor law research for the Secretariat of the North American Commission on Labor Cooperation, a NAFTA-related body.

Ms. Polaski holds M.A. degrees from Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) and the University of Wisconsin and a B.A. from the University of Dayton.

100

OMC / WTO

Roberto Azevêdo Director-General

Roberto Azevêdo is the sixth Director-General of the WTO. His appointment took effect on 1 September 2013 for a four-year term.

Ambassador Azevêdo holds degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Brasilia and in international relations from the “Instituto Rio Branco”, the graduate school of international relations and diplomacy run by the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Relations.

He joined the Brazilian Foreign Service in 1984; was posted to Washington in 1988; served in the Brazilian embassy in Montevideo before being assigned to the Permanent Mission of Brazil in Geneva in 1997. From 2006 to 2008 he was Vice-Minister for Economic and Technical Affairs at the Foreign Ministry in Brasilia.

In 2008 he was appointed Brazil’s Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the WTO, in Geneva. He is married to Ambassador Maria Azevêdo and has two daughters, Paula and Luisa, and two granddaughters, Alice and Olivia.

101

ONU FEMME / UN WOMEN

Lakshmi Puri Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations and Deputy Executive Director of UN-Women, the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women

Ms. Lakshmi Puri is Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations and Deputy Executive Director of UN-Women, the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. She is responsible for the leadership and management of the Bureau supporting intergovernmental bodies, United Nations coordination and external relations.

Ms. Puri has more than 37 years’ experience in economic and development policy-making, as well as in political, peace and security, humanitarian and human rights–related diplomacy. Throughout her career, she has promoted the gender equality and women’s empowerment agenda, where Ms. Puri has been actively involved in pioneering efforts to analyze and advocate positive linkages between economic development and gender equality. She has worked on including a gender perspective in trade investment, migration and labour mobility, financial flows, environment and climate change, energy, agriculture and food security, and access to essential services, among other issues. Ms. Puri has also contributed to policy-related research in think tanks, academic institutions and in the context of development banks.

Prior to her appointment at UN-Women, Ms. Puri was Director in the Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Islands Developing States and actively coordinated the preparations for the United Nations LDC IV conference held in Istanbul in 2011. Following a distinguished diplomatic career with the Government of India, Ms. Puri joined the United Nations as Director of UNCTAD’s largest division and led the work of the organization in making trade work for development. From 2007 to 2009, she was the acting Deputy Secretary-General of UNCTAD.

Ms. Puri’s education is in history, public policy and administration, international relations and law, and economic development. She has a B.A. in First Division from Delhi University.

102

PNUE / UNEP

Steven Stone Chief, Economics and Trade Branch, Division of Technology, Economics and Industry

Mr. Steven Stone is the Chief of UNEP’s Geneva-based Economics and Trade Branch, which includes the Green Economy Initiative. Mr. Stone holds a PhD in Resource Economics from Cornell University and has more than 15 years of professional experience in environmental and natural resource management. Prior to his position with UNEP, Mr. Stone worked for the Inter-American Development Bank in Ecuador as a Senior Environmental Specialist, and in Honduras as IADB’s Country Representative.Mr. Stone has also worked in Jamaica and Brazil on large-scale capacity-building, technical assistance and investment projects in areas related to natural resources management.

103

OECD OCDE

OCDE / OECD

Angel GurríaSecretary-General

Born on May 8, 1950, in Tampico, Mexico, Angel Gurría came to the OECD following a distinguished career in public service, including two ministerial posts.

As Mexico’s Minister of Foreign Affairs from December 1994 to January 1998, he made dialogue and consensus-building one of the hallmarks of his approach to global issues. From January 1998 to December 2000, he was Mexico’s Minister of Finance and Public Credit. For the first time in a generation, he steered Mexico’s economy through a change of Administration without a recurrence of the financial crises that had previously dogged such changes.

As OECD Secretary-General, since June 2006, he has reinforced the OECD's role as a ‘hub” for global dialogue and debate on economic policy issues while pursuing internal modernization and reform. Under his leadership, OECD has expanded its membership to include Chile, Estonia, Israel and Slovenia and opened accession talks with Russia. It has also strengthened links with other major emerging economies, including Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa, with a view to possible membership. The OECD is now an active participant in both the G-8 and the G-20 Summit processes.

Mr. Gurría has participated in various international not-for-profit bodies, including the Population Council, based in New York, and the Center for Global Development based in Washington. He chaired the International Task Force on Financing Water for All and continues to be deeply involved in water issues. He is a member of the International Advisory Board of Governors of the Centre for International Governance Innovation, based in Canada, and was the first recipient of the Globalist of the Year Award of the Canadian International Council to honour his efforts as a global citizen to promote trans-nationalism, inclusiveness, and a global consciousness.

Mr. Gurría holds a B.A. degree in Economics from UNAM (Mexico), and a M.A. degree in Economics from Leeds University (United Kingdom). He speaks: Spanish, French, English, Portuguese, Italian and some German.

He is married to Dr. Lulu Quintana, a distinguished ophthalmologist, and they have three adult children.

107

OCDE / OECD

Rintaro TamakiDeputy Secretary-General

Mr. Rintaro Tamaki was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the OECD on August 1, 2011. His portfolio includes the strategic direction of OECD policy on Environment, Development, Green Growth, Financial Affairs and Taxes.

Prior to joining the OECD Mr. Tamaki, a Japanese national, was Vice-Minister of Finance for International Affairs at the Ministry of Finance, Government of Japan.

During his prominent 35-year career at the Japanese Ministry of Finance, Mr. Tamaki has worked on various budget, taxation, international finance and development issues. He worked as part of the OECD Secretariat from 1978 – 1980 in the Economic Prospects Division and from 1983 – 1986 in the Fiscal Affairs Division of the Directorate for Financial, Fiscal and Enterprise Affairs (DAFFE). In 1994 Mr. Tamaki was posted to the World Bank as Alternate Executive Director for Japan and in 2002 as Finance Minister at the Embassy of Japan in Washington DC. He then became Deputy Director-General (2005), before becoming Director-General (2007) and subsequently Vice-Minister for International Affairs (2009) at the Ministry of Finance.

Mr. Tamaki graduated in 1976, L.L.B. from the University of Tokyo and has held academic positions at the University of Tokyo and Kobe University. He has published books and articles on international institutions, the international monetary system, development, debt and taxation.

108

OCDE / OECD

Yves LetermeDeputy Secretary-General

Yves Leterme was appointed Deputy Secretary-General of the OECD on 8 December 2011. He is in charge of Social Affairs, Education, Governance and Entrepreneurship.

Before joining the OECD, Yves Leterme held a variety of political posts in Belgium at all levels and in all areas of government. After starting his career as an alderman in his home town of Ypres, he became a Deputy in the Chamber of Representatives, Group Chairman, National Secretary and Chairman of the CD&V party, Minister-President of the Flemish Government, Federal Senator, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of the Budget and Mobility, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Prime Minister. Yves Leterme is currently Minister of State and a municipal councillor in Ypres.

At a professional level, Yves Leterme has worked, inter alia, as a deputy auditor at the Belgian Court of Audit and an administrator at the European Parliament.

Yves Leterme, who was born on 6 October 1960, has a degree in Law and Political Science from the University of Ghent.

109

OCDE / OECD

William C. DanversDeputy Secretary-General

Mr. William Danvers took up his duties on 2 September 2013. In addition to focusing on OECD’s regional initiatives in South East Asia, the MENA region, Latin America and Africa, he will oversee the accession processes of candidate countries. He will also further develop OECD work on investment, competition and the fight against corruption; on innovation; science and technology; corporate affairs, and private sector development; as well as follow the standard setting activities linked to these themes.

An American citizen, Danvers comes to the OECD from his post as Deputy Chief of Staff for the Secretary of State. Before joining the State Department he was the Staff Director of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee after serving in the Obama Administration from 2009 to 2011. Danvers also held the posts of Senior Director at the National Security Council and Special Assistant for National Security Affairs during the Clinton Administration and was head of the OECD Centre in Washington in the late 1990s.

An adjunct professor at the Elliot School at George Washington University, Danvers has also written a number of articles on national security issues.

He holds a BA in history from Michigan State University Honors College and an MA in special studies from George Washington University.

110

OCDE / OECD

Gabriela RamosOECD Chief of Staff and Sherpa to the G20

Gabriela Ramos is the OECD Chief of Staff and Sherpa to the G20. Since 2006, she has been advising the Secretary-General, supporting his strategic agenda and contributing to the opening up of the Organisation to new members and partner countries. Recently, she contributed to the launch of major OECD initiatives related to gender issues, skills and development. Since 2009, having also taken on the role as the OECD Sherpa to the G20, she has been co-ordinating the contributions of the OECD to the group and has been representing the Organisation at the G20 Sherpa meetings.

Previously, she served as Head of the OECD Office in Mexico and Latin America, where she promoted OECD recommendations in many areas including health and education. She helped in the preparations of several OECD reports on Mexico, developed the OECD Forum there and launched the “Getting it Right” flagship publication series.

Prior to joining the OECD, Ms. Ramos held several positions in the Mexican Government, notably as advisor to the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Director of OECD Affairs. She has also held several positions as Professor of International Economy at the Universidad Iberoamericana and at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México. Ms. Ramos holds an MA in Public Policies from Harvard University, and was a Fulbright and Ford MacArthur fellow.

111

AIE / IEA

Maria van der HoevenExecutive Director

Maria van der Hoeven took over as Executive Director of the International Energy Agency (IEA) on 1 September 2011. Ms. Van der Hoeven has steered the IEA during a period of exceptional change in the global energy landscape. While the original IEA mandate of energy security remains at the core of the agency’s mission, the IEA has been challenged by rapidly shifting supply/demand balances for oil as well as other major fuels, affecting its members’ interests and also those within the wider global energy economy. Ms. Van der Hoeven is taking the initiative to address the challenges of global energy governance in the face of changing worldwide requirements. She is determined to strengthen the Agency’s role, enabling it to take the lead in the transition to a secure and sustainable energy future. One of her overarching priorities is implementing a new global engagement strategy to further build and formalise co-operation with the major emerging energy players of the 21st century. Another is expanding modern energy services to the 1.3 billion people worldwide who currently lack them. In recognition of the IEA’s efforts to address the crisis of energy poverty, Ms. Van der Hoeven has been invited to serve on the Advisory Board to the UN Sustainable Energy for All initiative.

Previously, Ms. Van der Hoeven served as Minister of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands from February 2007 to October 2010, during which time she demonstrated leadership on energy policy at the national, regional and global levels.

112

Experts Experts

BIAC

Phil O’Reilly BIAC Chair; Chief Executive Officer, Business New Zealand

Phil O’Reilly is Chief Executive of BusinessNZ, New Zealand’s leading business advocacy group, representing thousands of businesses of all sizes.

Mr O’Reilly and his Wellington-based team work with companies, organisations and political and other decision makers, advocating for New Zealand’s success through sustainable economic growth.

His background includes industrial advocacy and leadership roles in banking, publishing and media.

Phil O’Reilly is Chair of the Board of the Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD and is New Zealand’s employer delegate to the International Labour Conference.

In New Zealand he chaired the Green Growth Advisory Group, and is Chair or Member of several public and private advisory boards in areas as diverse as manufacturing, exports, tertiary education, trade, tax, retirement, R&D, innovation, employment, child poverty, health & safety, skills, government procurement and sustainable business.

115

BIAC

Katsutoshi Saito BIAC Executive Board Vice Chair; Chairman, The Dai-ichi Life Insurance Company, Limited (Japan)

Katsutoshi Saito is chairman of the Dai-ichi Life Insurance Company, Limited, one of the leading life insurance companies in Japan, which was founded as Japan’s first mutual company in 1902. He is vice chairman of the Keidanren (Japan Business Federation).

Prior to becoming chairman of the Dai-ichi in 2011, Mr Saito had been president since 2004. Under his leadership, Dai-ichi Life successfully completed its demutualization and listed shares on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in April 2010. Saito also led the domestic giant to actively develop international business. Dai-ichi Life expanded its business to Vietnam, India, Thailand and Australia during his tenure as president. After becoming chairman, Dai-ichi Life expanded its business to Indonesia. He was chairman of the Life Insurance Association of Japan in 2006.

Since joining Dai-ichi Life in 1969, Mr Saito had been responsible for a wide range of business areas, mainly corporate planning and international business. He headed many successful projects including the agreements on comprehensive business cooperation with the Industrial Bank of Japan (now Mizuho Financial Group), Sompo Japan Insurance and Aflac from 1999 to 2000 which fruitfully continue today. He received a B.A. from Hitotsubashi University and completed Harvard Business School’s Advanced Management Program.

116

BIAC

Seiji Inagaki Vice Chair, BIAC Economic Policy Committee; Executive officer, The Dai-Ichi Life Insurance Company Ltd. (Japan)

Mr. Inagaki has been an Executive officer of the Dai-ichi Life Insurance Company, Limited, one of the leading life insurance companies in Japan since 2012. He joined Dai-ichi in April of 1986, supporting numerous key areas related to securities research and investments, risk management, and corporate planning.

Since April of 2013, Mr Inagaki has served as General Manager of the Corporate Planning Department. He is also a member of the Business and Industry Advisory Committee to the OECD, serving as Vice Chair of the Economic Policy Committee.

Mr. Inagaki received a Bachelor of Economics degree in March of 1986 from Keio University in Japan and a MBA from Harvard Business School in June of 1992.

117

BIAC

José Ignacio Mariscal BIAC Executive Board Vice Chair; Chief Executive Officer, Grupo Marhnos (Mexico)

From 1974 to 2009, Mr. Mariscal has been the CEO of Grupo Marhnos, a family company that was established in 1954 and is dedicated to the construction and integral developments on housing projects, infrastructure, public-private services and concessions (roads, water treatment plants, real estate development, etc.). Since 2009, Mr Mariscal chairs the Executive Committee. In addition to the long experience in the construction sector, Mariscal is sitting at the board of several corporations: Grupo Bimbo (bakery products, chairs the Finance and Planning Committee), Grupo Aserta (insurance), Grupo Calidra (lime stone industry), FInComun (micro credit institution), City Express (three stars hotels).

Besides being an architect and a businessman, Mr. Mariscal has also been a strong contributor of the associative sector in Mexico: VP International Affairs at COPARMEX (Union of Mexican Entrepreneurs, member of BIAC), Board Member of BIAC, Chair of the "Only one economy, all under the law" committee of CCE (Council for Entrepreneurial Coordination).

He is a former President of USEM (Union of Mexican Businessmen, 1989-1991), of UNIAPAC Mexico (International Christian Union of Business Executives, 1993-1995) and of IMDOSOC. (Mexican Institución of Christian Social Doctrine). At the Leon XIII Foundation, he promotes the development of Indian communities in the states of Oaxaca and Chiapas.

Mr. Mariscal graduated as Architect from the National School of Architecture of UNAM (National University of Mexico). He holds an MBA from the Columbia University, New York and took a class on Advance Management Program at Harvard University, Boston.

118

BIAC

Bernhard Welschke Secretary-General of BIAC

Bernhard Welschke is the Secretary-General of BIAC. He was previously involved in the work of the OECD and BIAC in the context of his position as Managing Director for Global Governance and for business relations with North and Latin America at the Federation of German Industries (BDI).

In previous positions within BDI, he was responsible for trade and business relations with Asia and the Pacific, for European Affairs, and for the Americas, including his assignment as Representative for German Industry and Trade in Washington D.C.

From 2000 to 2006, he was a Member of the Economic and Social Committee of the European Union.

Mr. Welschke holds a degree in Economics studies from the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main (Diplom-Volkswirt), focusing on monetary policy, international trade and development.

119

TUAC

Richard Trumka President, American Federation of Labor & Congress of Industrial Organizations - AFL-CIO President of the Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD – TUAC

In September 2009, Richard Trumka was elected President of the AFL-CIO. His election followed 15 years of service as the AFL-CIO’s Secretary Treasurer. It capped Trumka’s rise to leadership of the nation’s largest labour federation from humble beginnings in the small coal mining communities of southwest Pennsylvania. Richard Trumka was elected President of the Trade Union Advisory Committee (TUAC) to the OECD in 2010.

Richard worked in the mines for more than seven years, working his way through Penn State University, where he graduated in 1971 with a Bachelor of Science degree, and eventually got a law degree from Villanova University in 1974. He worked on the legal staff of the United Mine Workers for four years before returning to mine work in 1979.

Once back at work in the mining community, Trumka rose quickly through the ranks, first serving as chair of UMWA Local 6290’s safety committee and later on the union’s International Executive Board. At 33, he was elected the UMWA’s youngest president.

By his third term as president of the Mine Workers in 1995, Trumka’s record of activism, innovation and reform was firmly established and well known to AFL-CIO union presidents. In 1995, Richard became the youngest Secretary-Treasurer in AFL-CIO history.

120

TUAC

Nobuaki Koga President, Japanese Trade Union Confederation – RENGO Vice-president of the Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD - TUAC

Nobuaki Koga was born on 23rd February 1952 in Fukuoka, Japan. After earning a bachelor's degree in engineering from Miyazaki University, he joined Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. and became a member of the Matsushita Electric Industrial Workers' Union in April 1975.

He was elected as General Secretary of the union in July 1994 and then as President in July 1996. He was elected as President of the Japanese Electrical, Electronic & Information Union (DENKI RENGO) in July 2002.

He became General Secretary of the Japanese Trade Union Confederation (RENGO) in October 2005 and President of RENGO in October 2009. He was re-elected in 2011 and 2013.

121

TUAC

Marie-Louise Knuppert Vice-President of Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD and Vice-President of the LO-DK – The Danish Confederation of Trade Unions

Marie-Louise Knuppert is a National Secretary in the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions (LO Denmark) and the Vice-President of TUAC.

Ms. Knuppert trained to become a union representative through the Trade Union Movement's Internal Training System and studied labour market policy and business organisation in the Open University, AUC. She has been a member of LO Denmark’s management since 2005, and its General Council since 1999.

She sits on a number of boards, including the Danish Trade Union Council for International Development Co-operation, Danida (the Danish International Development Agency), the Workers' Educational Association and the European Trade Union Confederation Executive Committee.

122

TUAC

John Evans General Secretary, Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD – TUAC

John Evans is General Secretary of the Trade Union Advisory Committee (TUAC www.tuac.org ) to the OECD.

After studying, Philosophy, Politics and Economics at the University of Oxford and teaching Introductory Economics, he worked as an economist in the Economic Department at the Trades Union Congress in London. Subsequent posts included positions with the International Federation of Commercial, Clerical and Technical Employees (FIET- the forerunner of what is now UNI Global Union) in Geneva and Research Officer with the European Trade Union Institute in Brussels where he published extensively on Labour Markets and the Impact of Technological Change on Employment. Since 2012 he also serves as Chief Economist of the International Trade Union Confederation (www.ituc.org) in Brussels. TUAC and the ITUC together form the secretariat for the L20 that coordinates the labour input to the G20 process.

Past not-for profit board positions include the Global Reporting Initiative and the Helsinki Group. He is currently a member of the Comité Médicis at the Amundi Group, the Conseil d'Orientation, IDDRI (the French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development) and Council of Ruskin College, Oxford. He is also Vice-chair of the World Economic Forum Global Agenda Council on Employment.

123

TUAC

Sharan Burrow General Secretary of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)

Sharan Burrow was elected General Secretary of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) at its Second World Congress in Vancouver in June 2010. Previously President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) since 1992, she served as inaugural President of the ITUC from its foundation in Vienna in 2006, and of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (a predecessor organisation to the ITUC) from 2004.

The ITUC is the world’s peak labour union body and represents 176 million workers in 161 countries and territories and has 325 national affiliates.

124

TUAC

Reiner Hoffman Deputy General Secretary of the ETUC Member of the Federal Executive Board of the German Confederation of Trade Unions (DGB)

Reiner Hoffmann was born in May 1955 in Wuppertal, German, and started his career as an apprentice at a chemical company. Subsequently he started to study economics with a scholarship of the Hans Böckler Foundation, a non-profit organisation supporting students on behalf of the Confederation of German Trade Unions (DGB).

He graduated with a diploma in economics in 1982 and started working as an assistant at the European Economic and Social Committee of the European Community in Brussels.

In 1983 he joined the Hans Böckler Foundation in Düsseldorf where he became Head of department; he was in charge of funding research. In 1994 he was appointed as Director of the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI) in Brussels, Belgium.

At the 2003 congress of the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) he was elected Deputy General Secretary of the ETUC and re-elected into office at the Congress in 2007.

His main areas of responsibility at the ETUC were European economic and employment policy, structural and industrial policy, co-determination and corporate social responsibility.

In November 2009 Reiner Hoffmann became Chairman of the regional district “Nordrhein” (a region of the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia) of the Industrial Union for Mining, Chemicals and Energy (Industriegewerkschaft Bergbau, Chemie, Energie – IG BCE). As Chairman he was responsible for policy coordination and management of the union at district level, especially for collective bargaining and industrial policy.

Late in 2013 he was elected as member of the Federal Executive Board of the German Confederation of Trade Unions (DGB). His office term started in February 2014.

125

TUAC

Williams Spriggs Chair of the TUAC Working Group on Economic Policy Chief Economist AFL-CIO - American Federation of Labor & Congress of Industrial Organizations

William Spriggs serves as Chief Economist to the AFL-CIO, and is a professor in, and former Chair of, the Department of Economics at Howard University. Bill assumed these roles in August 2012 after leaving the Executive Branch of the U.S. Government.

Bill was appointed by President Barack Obama, and confirmed by the U.S. Senate, in 2009 to serve as Assistant Secretary for the Office of Policy at the United States Department of Labor, taking a leave of absence from Howard University to do so. At the time of his appointment, he also served as chairman for the Healthcare Trust for UAW Retirees of the Ford Motor Company and as chairman of the UAW Retirees of the Dana Corporation Health and Welfare Trust; and on the joint National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Public Administration’s Committee on the Fiscal Future for the United States; and, as Senior Fellow of the Community Service Society of New York.

Bill’s previous work experience includes roles leading economic policy development and research as a Senior Fellow and Economist at the Economic Policy Institute; as Senior Vice President for the National Urban League—an over 100 year-old leading civil rights NGO in the U.S.; as a Senior Advisor for the Office of Government Contracting and Minority Business Development for the U.S. Small Business Administration; as a Senior Advisor and Economist for the Economics and Statistics Administration for the U.S. Department of Commerce; as an Economist for the Democratic staff of the Joint Economic Committee of Congress; and, as staff director for the independent, federal National Commission for Employment Policy.

While working on his PhD in Economics from the University of Wisconsin, Bill began his labor career as co-president of the American Federation of Teachers, Local 3220 in Madison, Wisconsin.

He is a member of the National Academy of Social Insurance and the National Academy of Public Administration.

126

Participants in the Ceremony for the formal launch of the OECD Southeast Asia Regional

Programme Participants à la Cérémonie à l’occasion du lancement officiel du Programme régional

de l’OCDE pour l’Asie du Sud-Est

LE SULTANAT DE BRUNEI / BRUNEI DARUSSALAM

Hamzah Sulaiman Permanent Secretary at the Prime Minister’s office of Brunei Darussalam

Personal Information: • Age: 46 (7 September 1967)• Married to Hajah Razina Haji Kassim• 1 daughter and 2 sons

Education MA in Political Science from State Univeristy of New York, Albany

Career April 2014 : Appointed as Permanent Secretary (International, Economic, Finance, Research and

Development) at the Prime Minister’s Office 2013 – 2014 : Appointed as Deputy Permanent Secretary (Defence Policy and Development) at the

Ministry of Defence 2012 – 2013 : Director of Research and International Division, Ministry of Finance 2011 – 2012 : Senior Special Duty Officer, Ministry of Finance 2007 – 2011 : Director of the Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies,

Ministry of Defence 2005 – 2007 : Head of the Institute of Policy Studies at the University of Brunei Darussalam (UBD) 2001 – 2005 : Head of the Department of Public Policy and Administration at UBD 1995 – 2001 : Lecturer at the Department of Public Policy and Administration at UBD

129

CAMBODGE / CAMBODIA

Chanthol Sun Minister of Commerce

Chanthol Sun is currently a Senior Minister, Minister of Commerce and Vice Chairman of the Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC). He was previously a Senior Minister and Vice Chairman of the CDC from 2008 to 2013. Mr. Sun was a Minister of Public Works and Transport from 2004 to 2008 and was elected as a Member of Parliament in 2003. He founded SCI Co., Ltd., an investment and trading firm, in Cambodia in 1999, and served as an Economic and Finance Advisor to the President of the National Assembly from 1999 to 2003. Mr. Sun was a Secretary of State for the Ministry of Economy and Finance and Secretary General of the CDC from 1994 to 1997.

Previously, Mr. Sun worked for General Electric for 16 years where he held a variety of executive positions. He received a B.S. in Business Administration (BSBA) from American University, Advanced Management Program (AMP) from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, and a Master in Public Administration (MPA) from Harvard University.

Mr. Sun was elected as a Global Leader for Tomorrow of the World Economic Forum in 1995. He has been a member of the Wharton Executive Board for Asia since 2002 and served as the first Chairman of the Wharton Executive Board for Asia from 2009 to 2013.

130

INDONESIE / INDONESIA

Muhamad Chatib Basri Minister of Finance

Born in Jakarta on August 22, 1965, Muhamad Chatib Basri has accomplished several achievements. Graduated from Faculty of Economics, University of Indonesia, he started his career as Research Assistant in Department of Economics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies during 1994-2001. His research career continually developed in several local and international educational institutions. In 2004-2005, he served as the advisor in the Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs.

His papers have been published in several scientific journals, media, educational institutions publication both local and international, such as “Global Financial Crisis and ASEAN: Fiscal Policy Response in the Case of Thailand and Indonesia”; Asian Economic Policy Review, Vol. 7, No.2; “Why World Exports Are Susceptible to the Economic Crisis – The Prevailing Export Overshooting” Phenomenon Especially in Taiwan: a comment”; and “The Political Economy of Manufacturing Protection” in the paper Indonesian Economy in the New Political Era in honor of Prof. Mohammad Sadli.

A lot of his scientific papers have also been presented in international forums, such as Anticipating the Global Financial Shock: Can Indonesia Repeat Another Good Policy and Good Luck?”, presented in Workshop International Policy Advisory Group for G-20, Earth Institute, Columbia University-ADB-Sciences Po, Paris, October 29-30, 2011; “Indonesia in the Global and Regional Trade Agreement: Sitting on the Fence”, presented in Indonesia Update, September 30-October 1, 2011, in Canberra, Australia, and “Mild Crisis, Half Hearted Stimulus: Indonesia During the GFC”, presented in Ash Centre Harvard Kennedy School, April 13, 2011.

Chatib Basri also served as the Deputy Minister of Finance for G-20 during 2006 to 2010 and Sherpa of the President of the Republic of Indonesia Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono at the G20 Washington Summit in November 2008. During 2010 to 2012, Chatib was the Vice Chairman of the National Economic Committee of the President of the Republic of Indonesia. Then he was assigned to serve as the Chairman of Capital Investment Coordinating Board commencing in June 2012. Subsequently, President of Indonesia appointed Chatib Basri to serve as Minister of Finance commencing on May 21, 2013.

131

INDONESIE / INDONESIA

Muhammad Lutfi Minister of Trade

Muhammad Lutfi, borned on Aug 16, 1969, is one of the youngest Indonesians to have been appointed as Minister of Trade. The nomination came just after he ended his term as Indonesian Ambassador to Japan (2010 - 2013).

Muhammad Lutfi first entered the government back in 2005, when President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono trusted him to spearhead the Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM). The role as chairman of the Investment Board was not new to him since he had been a successful businessman before joining the public sector. He was also elected as the national chairman of Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs Association (HIPMI) in his early ages.

In 2008, the World Economic Forum (WEF) granted him an international recognition through the Young Global Leaders Award, along with few other young leaders worldwide.

Lutfi went to Purdue University in the US for his undergraduate study. Currently he lives in Jakarta with his wife, Bianca Adinegoro, and his teenage daughter. If he were not on the driving range, you could easily find him in the gym hitting the treadmill.

132

LAOS

Thongloun Sisoulith Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Laos

Date of Birth: 10 November 1945; Place of Birth: Houaphanh, Laos; Marital Status: Married to Madam Naly Sisoulith with 3 children; Religion : Buddhism Education: 1962-1969 Diploma, the Pedagogy College of Neo Lao Hak Sat, Houaphanh Province, Laos 1973-1978 Master of Linguistics and Literature, the GERZEN Pedagogy Institute, Saint Petersburg, USSR 1981-1984 Doctor (Ph.D.) in History of International relations, the Academy of Social Science, Moscow, USSR Work Experience: 1967-1969 Senior Office, Educational Department of the Neo Lao Hak Sat (Lao National Patriotic Front) in Houaphanh Province, Laos. 1969-1973 Senior Officer, office of the Representative of Neo Lao Hak Sat (LNPF) in Hanoi, Democratic Republic of Vietnam. 1978-1979 Professor at Vientiane University 1979-1981 Secretary to the Minister of Education, Director of the External Relations Division, the Ministry of Education 1985-1986 Director General of Public Research Department, the Prime Minister Office 1987-1992 Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs 1993-1996 Minister of Labour and Social Welfare 1997-2001 Member of the Standing Committee of the Lao national Assembly, Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Lao National Assembly, Member of the Lao National Assembly 2001-2006 Deputy Prime Minister and President of the Committee for Planning and Investment • President of Investment Management Committee• President of the Lao National Committee for Energy (LNCE)• Member of the Lao National Assembly08/06/2006 to Present Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Social Institution : 1993-2001 President of National Committee SOS of Laos 1996-2001 Member of International Senate of SOS Kinderdorf International 2001 Honorary President of the SOS of the Lao PDR Foreign Languages: Russian, Vietnamese, English Decoration: Hermann Gmeiner, the founder of SOS Kinderdorf International; European Award with the Leonardo Davinci Medal “For Great Services to Nations” Hobbies: Golf

133

MALAISIE / MALAYSIA

Tan Sri Ismail Omar Ambassador of Malaysia to France

Date / Place of Birth: 17 May 1953 / Kedah, Malaysia Academic: Bachelor of Law (Llb) Qualification: International Islamic University Appointments 15.12.1971: Commissioned as Probationary Inspector at Kuala Kubu Bahru Police College 1972: Criminal Investigating Officer at the District Police Headquarters, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan 1975: Criminal Investigating Officer in District Police Headquarters, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan 1977: Traffic Investigator, District Police Headquarters, Ipoh, Perak 1978: Criminal Investing Officer, District Police Headquarters, Krian, Perak 1980: OC Training Centre, Taiping, Perak 1983: Assistant Superintendent of Police (U), Management Department, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur 1986: Assistant Superintendent of Police (U), Management Department, Bukit Aman 1992: Assistant Superintendent of Police (S) Discipline,Management Department, Bukit Aman – Kuala Lumpur 1993: Deputy Superintendent of Police, Discipline Technical Support, Management Department, Bukit Aman – Kuala Lumpur 1993: Deputy Superintendent of Police, Disciplinary Appeal, Management Department, Bukit Aman – Kuala Lumpur 1994: Court Prosecuting officer – District Police Headquarters, Ipoh, Perak 1996: Officer in Charge of Police District (OCPD), Seberang Perai Tengah, Pulau Pinang 1999: Assistant Commissioner of Police, Legal and Prosecution Affairs, Criminal Investigations Department, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur 2004: Second Senior Assistant Commissioner, Federal Police Headquarters, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur 2005: First Senior Assistant Commissioner, Narcotics Crimes Investigations Department, Federal Police Headquarters, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur 16.10.2006: Commissioner of Police, Selangor 25.06.2007: Director of Management with the rank of Commissioner Federal Police Headquarters, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur 13.11.2007: Deputy Inspector General of Police 13.09.2010: Inspector General of Police, Malaysia 01.10.2013 – present: Ambassador of Malaysia to France

134

PHILIPPINES

Gregory L. Domingo Secretary, Department of Trade and Industry

Educational Background: • Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania May 1982

Master of Science in Operation Research • Asian Institute of Management May 1980

MBA (with distinction) • Ateneo de Manila University October 1976

Bachelor of Science in Management Engineering

Work History: • Department of Trade & Industry (DTI) Philippines 30 June 2010 to Present

Secretary • Department of Trade & Industry (DTI) Philippines May 2001 to April 2004

Undersecretary – Industry & Investment Group (Iig) Managing Head & Vice Chair, Board of Investments (Boi)

• Carmel Ray – JCTI Corporation July 1997 to November 2000President

• Chase Manhattan Bank/Chemical Bank July 1989 to July 1997Managing Director/Treasurer (Manila) Managing Director, Proprietary Fixed Income Portfolio (New York City) Vice President, Treasury (New York City)

Note: Mr. Domingo also worked for other financial institutions in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and New York from 1982 to 1989 including First Boston, Drexel Burnham Lambert & Mellon Bank. He has also served as Director in various Boards of corporations engaged in Sugar Production, Banking, Real Estate, Leisure, Power and Investments.

Other Positions & Affiliations: Board Member Wharton Club-Penn Club 1998-2000 Board Member Foreign Exchange Assn of the Philippines (Forex) 1996-1997 Member Open Market Committee, Bankers Association of the Philippines (Bap) 1996-1997

MYANMAR

Kan Zaw Union Minister, Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development

Born 11 October 1954 Professsional career: Assumed Office : 7 September 2012 Preceed by H.E. U Tin Naing Thein

• Deputy Minister in Office : April 2011 - August 2012Preceed by U Thu Rein Zaw Succeeded by U Set Aung ; Dr Khin San Yee

• Rector - Yangon Institute of EconomicsAssumed Office : 4 September 2000 - 31 March 2011 Preceed by Professor Maw Than Succeeded by Professor Dr Khrin San Yee

• Professor of EconomicsAssumed Office 27 December 1997 - 3 September 2000 Preceed by Professor Myat Thein Succeeded by Professor Yu Pa Education Bachelor of Economics – Yangon Institute of Economics Master – Institute of Social Studied (ISS), The Hague Phd - Yangon University, Institute of Developing Economics Visiting Research Fellow – Tokyo, Japan Special Training - 20th International Training Course in Regional Development Planning, UNCRD, Nagoya, Japan, 1992. - Economic Development Policy for Myanmar Officials, KOICA, HUFS, Seoul, Korea, April 2000 - Macroeconomics and Economic Policy Analysis Expertise Macroeconomics and Economic Policy Analysis

He is married and has two daugthers and two sons.

135

THAILANDE / THAILAND

Surapong Tovichakchaikul Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand

Date of birth : 1 May 1953, Chiangmai, Thailand Education 1972-1975 Bachelor of Engineering (Agricultural Engineering) Khon-Kaen University, Thailand 1976-1977 Masters of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering) Youngstown State University, Ohio, U.S.A. 1982- Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering University of Akron, Ohio, U.S.A. Work experience 1975-Sales Engineer, Jardine Mathes Ferguson Company, Bangkok, Thailand 1977-Teaching Assistant, Youngstown State University, U.S.A. 1978-Teaching Assistant, Ohio State University, U.S.A. 1978-1981 - Teaching Assistant, University of Akron, U.S.A. 1981-Research Assistant, University of Akron, U.S.A. under NASA-Lewis grant NAG3-54 1982-1987 - Marketing Department, IBM (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand 1987-1996 - Managing Director, IIS Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand; Vice President, TABCO Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand Political career 1996-2000 - Member of the House of Representatives, Chiangmai Constituency Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee on Agriculture and Cooperatives of the House of Representatives 2000 - Chairman of the Standing Committee on Monetary Affairs, Finance, Banking and Financial Institutions of the House of Representatives 2007-2011 - Member of the House of Representatives, Chiangmai Constituency 2008-2011 - Chairman of the Standing Committee on Monetary Affairs, Finance, Banking and Financial Institutions of the House of Representatives 2011-2013 - Member of the House of Representatives (Party List), Pheu Thai Party 2011-2014 - Minister of Foreign Affairs 2012-2014 - Deputy Prime Minister Decoration Knight Grand Cordon (Special Class) of the Most Exalted ; Order of the White Elephant.

136

VIETNAM

Truong Chi Trung Vice Minister of Finance of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

Date of Birth: May 23, 1956 Place of Birth: Hanoi, Vietnam

Education: • Master of Business Administration, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) (2002)• December 1980: Bachelor of Arts, Academy of FinanceProfessional Career • December 1980 ~ May 1985: Official, Department of Taxation on Industry and Trade, Ministry ofFinance • June 1985 ~ October 1990: Deputy Head of Division, Department of Taxation on Industry andTrade, Ministry of Finance • November 1990 ~ April 1995: Head of Division of Export-Import Tax, Foreign Investment andInternational Cooperation, General Department of Taxation, Ministry of Finance • May 1995 ~ March 2002: Deputy General Director, General Department of Taxation, Ministry ofFinance • April 2002 ~ March 2008: Vice Minister, Ministry of Finance and General Director, GeneralDepartment of Customs (Sept. 2002 ~ Feb. 2004) • April 2008 ~ June 2010: Deputy Secretary of Communist Party Committee of Bac Kan Province,Chairman of Bac Kan Province’s People Committee • July 2010 ~ Present: Vice Minister, Ministry of Finance

137

Meeting of the OECD Councilat Ministerial LevelParis, 6-7 May 2014

Réunion du Conseil de l’OCDE au niveau des Ministres

Paris, 6-7 mai 2014

www.oecd.org

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