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MERU PROPRIETARY INFORMATION. © Copyright 2013. Meru Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
Gigabit WiFi: Utilising 802.11ac on CampusConsiderations and Benefits
Higher and Further Education Manager UK&IHenry Batten [email protected]
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Visibility of Uptake in the UK so far:
At the HEAnet show in Ireland October 2013 that was 1%
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What’s in the 802.11ac Standard
• Very High Throughput (VHT) - up to 10x compared with11n
– Wider channels: 80MHz, 160MHz, 80+80MHz (4X)
– New modulation: 256-QAM(1.3X)
– More MIMO streams: up to 8(2X)
• Well defined Beam Forming
• Multi-User-MIMO (MU-MIMO)
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802.11ac Standard Highlights
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Data Rates in 802.11ac
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20MHz 40MHz 80MHz 160MHz
1 stream 86.7 200 433.3 866.7
2 streams 173.3 400 866.7 1733.3
3 streams 288.9 600 1300 2340
4 streams 346.7 800 1733.3 3466.7
5 streams 433.3 1000 2166.7 4333.3
6 streams 577.8 1200 2340 5200
7 streams 606.7 1400 3033.3 4095
8 streams 693.3 1600 3466.7 6933.3
Delivered in the first generation of silicon
Rates in Mbps
802.11ac Data Rate Matrix
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DFS
Not allowed in Europe
Wider channels: 80Mhz and 160Mhz
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Available Channels for 802.11ac
48IEEE channel #20 MHz40 MHz
80 MHz
5170MHz
5330MHz
5490MHz
5730MHz
5735MHz
5835MHz
160 MHz
36 40 44 6052 64 116
56 136
132
124
120
108
100
104
128
112
165
161
157
140
153
Weather radar
Not allowed in North America
149
144
Dynamic Frequency Selection
Using DFS Channels Without DFS Channels
Channel Size US Europe US Europe
40 MHz 8 9 4 2
80 MHz 4 5 2 1
160 MHz 1 2
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Standard Bandwidth Spatial Streams PHY Data Rate Real Throughput
802.11a 20 MHz 1 54 Mbps 24 Mbps
802.11n 20 MHz 1 65Mbps 46 Mbps
802.11n 40 MHz 2 300 Mbps 210 Mbps
802.11n 40 MHz 3 450 Mbps 320 Mbps
802.11ac Phase I 80 MHz 1 293Mbps 210 Mbps
802.11ac Phase I 80 MHz 2 867 Mbps 610 Mbps
802.11ac Phase I 80 MHz 3 1300 Mbps 910 Mbps
802.11ac Phase II 160MHz 1 867 Mbps 610 Mbps
802.11ac Phase II 160 MHz 2 1730 Mbps 1200 Mbps
802.11ac Phase II 160 MHz 3 2600 Mbps 1800 Mbps
802.11ac Phase II 160 MHz 8* 6933 Mbps 4900 Mbps
* There are no commercial implementations that use more than 3 spatial streams
Data Rate Table
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Thank You
Power and space challenges are still the same • Don’t expect more than 3 data streams soon (-)• Higher rates available at ranges closer to the AP (-)• Higher throughput efficiency mean less time (power) spent for transmit (+)• Users will still observe greater net throughput (+)
Rate and Range
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Questions?
Predicted Uptake
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Beamforming
• Introduced in 802.11n• 802.11n had many options – no vendor implemented it• 802.11ac uses a single standard for beam forming
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• By changing time (phase) of 3 transmitters, 802.11ac AP’s can create a “constructive interference” transmit beam-forming waveform (TxBF) and generate a stronger signal that clients can hear better.
AP3rd Stream
2nd Stream
1st Stream
AP
Destructive Interference, when three streams of RF energy cancel each other
11ac AP
3rd Stream
2nd Stream
1st Stream
Constructive Interference, when three streams of RF energy stack up each other
11acAP
Without Beam-forming
With Beam-forming
Beamforming
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AP
A standard 3x3:3SS 802.11n AP effective coverage at
different modulation rates
802.11n 64 QAM coverageTop rate @ 450 Mbps
802.11n 16 QAM coverageTop rate @ 180 Mbps
802.11n 64 QAM coverageTop rate @ 450 Mbps
802.11n 16 QAM coverageTop rate @ 180 Mbps
GbE Zone
802.11ac 256QAM 64 QAM Top rate @ 1330 Mbps
Where can I access
my Wi-Fi?
User is outside of RF coverage zone with lowest RX Z(e.g. -90 dBm receiving sensitivity)
User is within RF coverage zone with due to reconstructed radio coverage (due to different phase)
AP
832
Beamforming
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Multi-User MIMO
• Allows a sophisticated AP (#Antennas > #Streams) to maintain high throughput even when the clients are simple (smartphones, tablets, etc…)
• Up to four simultaneous clients, each with one or more antennas, transmit or receive independent data streams
• Needs MU-MIMO beam forming support
• Provides better channel reuse in single channel, enables high client density – 4 x density
• Expected only in the second generation of silicon
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• Survey/Plan for 5GHz coverage– Old AP placements are probably based on old requirements
– Higher signal strength requirement for 256QAM data-rates
• 40 or 80MHz Support– Highest data rates are only available with 80MHz channels
– Not all vendors are recommending 80MHz channel widths due to architectural constraints
• 802.3af/at PoE PD Support– Some solutions require 802.3at PoE+ to operate at full performance
• Multiple GigE ports per AP– Worth considering provision, but not a must-have
– Possible more benefit for resilience than performance
802.11ac Design Considerations
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802.11ac Benefits
• Higher data-rates than 802.11n– Gen 1 802.11ac AP’s offering 1.3Gbps vs 450Mbps on 11n
• Greater density– Higher data-rates mean clients need less time to complete their data
transfers. Leaves more space for more clients
– Gen 2 AP’s will add MU-MIMO capability
• Better ‘n’ than ‘n’– Testing from multiple vendors has shown an increase in performance in
802.11n chipsets when used on 802.11ac infrastructure - no need to wait for benefits
• Power consumption benefits on client devices– More efficient transmissions lead to lower battery requirements
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Bonjour!A friendly greeting, or death to your network?
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Bonjour - Many Challenges
• Advertisement Problems – Bonjour is local only, designed for home use– Others use multicast
• Scalability Issues– Bonjour doesn’t scale due to
• Location Challenges– Which services are relevant
• Policy and Control– Who should advertise services?– Who should learn about services?
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Service Control in Action (Bonjour)
Discover Consolidate Distribute Advertise
Po
licy
Po
licy
POLICY CONTROLLED SERVICE DISCOVERY & ADVERTISEMENT
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Service Control – Use Case
19
Administration Building Liberal Arts Building
ESSID: student
ESSID: staff
vlan 700Vlan 600
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Service Control - Discovery
20
Administration Building Liberal Arts Building
ESSID: student
ESSID: staff
vlan 700Vlan 600
Global Service Discovery List
Liberal Arts - Apple TV
Liberal Arts - Printer
Admin Bldg - Printer
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Service Control Policy - Faculty
21
Administration Building Liberal Arts Building
ESSID: student
ESSID: staff
vlan 700Vlan 600
Liberal Arts - Apple TV
Liberal Arts - Printer
Admin Bldg - Printer
MERU PROPRIETARY INFORMATION. © Copyright 2013. Meru Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
Service Control Policy - Student
22
Administration Building Liberal Arts Building
ESSID: student
ESSID: staff
vlan 700Vlan 600
Global Service Discovery List Liberal Arts - Apple TV
Liberal Arts - Printer
Admin Bldg - Printer
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Questions???