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  • 8/18/2019 Mexi Tronic A

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Enrique DuarteThecnical Sesions / MexitronicaGuadalajara, October 2007

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h 

     d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   e

    r -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www

    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Enrique Duarte Introduction

    •Electronic Engineer

    • 14 years of experience

    • Last 11 years working for Electronic Industry in Process Engineering Area.

    • Companies:

    Process Development Engineer

    Black Belt (DMAIC), DFSS (Newthecnologies)

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    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Purpose:

    All information presented in this conference is focused in “Solving ProcessProblems” that we have day to day in Flextronics. Using Six MaxMethodologies for existing processes (DMAIC).

    Team Members for this project:Ricardo Pérez, Javier Cervantes, Efrain Amaral, Eduardo Camarena,Guillermo Barajas, Roberto Reyes, Ruben López, Arturo Nuñes, LeopoldoZuñiga, Machine Supplier, Customer.

    Scope:

    Based on Laser Soldering Process for SMT connectors that can not beprocessed in Reflow Oven because of the plastic properties, they can notsupport high temperatures beyond 150°C. Also, the q uantity of connector pins(200, 300, 400) does not guarantee an acceptable quality soldering by hand.

    This project was developed on Flextronics Campus South in Building Five.

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    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    e  r   i  n  g   P  r  o  c  e  s  s

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    Laser Soldering Process

     Project Goal: Reduce Defects from 2.5% to0.5%. To probe if the machine is capable with

    customer requirements .

     Project Goal: Reduce Defects from 2.5% to0.5%. To probe if the machine is capable with

    customer requirements .

    Project Description: –The top detractor (Solder Empty Defect in J1Connector) for the Customer in Flextronics GDL, isgenerating an unstable process with a CPK of 0.7(Laser Soldering Process).

    Project Description: –The top detractor (Solder Empty Defect in J1Connector) for the Customer in Flextronics GDL, isgenerating an unstable process with a CPK of 0.7(Laser Soldering Process).

    Six Sigma Project Department: D&E Guadalajara Site

     Review # R0

     Project Title: Laser Soldering Process

     Project Leader: Enrique Duarte

    Six Sigma Project Department: D&E Guadalajara Site

     Review # R0

     Project Title: Laser Soldering Process

     Project Leader: Enrique Duarte

    Customer Issue:

     Project Results: Defects reduced to lessthan 0.5%. The machine is not capable towork with customer requirements .

     Project Results: Defects reduced to lessthan 0.5%. The machine is not capable towork with customer requirements .

    Laser Soldering process defects

    Defec ts Distribution (by issue)

    55.6%

    13.9%

    17.0%

    2.6%

    7.7%

    3.2%

    2.5%

    Solder Issues

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    r -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www

    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    What is the High Level Problem? and Why Is It Important? , Who Are Customersand Stakeholders?

    Escapes to China , It causes problems functions in Customer products &Operations lines in Flextronics Guadalajara.

    Escapes to China , It causes problems functions in Customer products &Operations lines in Flextronics Guadalajara.

      T o o l s : 

      • P r o c e

     s s  M a p.

      •  T e c h n i c a l  H

     e l p.

      • P a r e t o

     s  C h a r t s.

      • F i s h  B

     o n e  D i a

     g .

      • Q u i c k 

     I m p r o v

     e m e n t

    VOC

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h 

     d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   e

    r -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www

    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Project Definition. Projected BusinessBenefits:

    Frecuency= 100% (Families UN's, TN's and KBN's)

    Solder Wire Consumption per board= 0.30 grs (Kester Solder Wire P/N 00500098)

    Sec Opr-Hour-cost (Dlls) Total (Dlls)

    Touch-Up time(Second time)= 120 3.66 0.1342

    Inspector time (Second time)= 120 6.42 0.2354

    0.3696

    Consumption per board (grs) Total (Dlls)

    0.144

    GRAND TOTAL PER BOARD (DLLS)= 0.5136

    180000

    104

    1200

    Production per Year (include all families)=

    Amountof Loss per

    Year(Dlls)= 217,248.00$

    0.0214

    0.3

    PCB's burned per year =

    PCBA Cost per Unit (USDollar) =

    Description

    Description

    Solder Wire= 0.48

    CO NT INUE W IT H

    NORMAL PROCESS

    Cost per gr. (Dlls)

    Total cost (Dlls)

    0.122

    0.214

    Opr-sec-cost (Dlls)

    0.001016667

    0.001783333

    Facilities (10%)

    0.0122

    SODFTBEAM TOUCH-UP V ISUA L IINSPECTION DEFECT FOUND

    YES

    NO

    TOUCH-UP

    (SECOND TIME=

    120sec)

    Visual Inspection

    (Second time=

    120sec)

    $$$

    Flextronics is loosing200k usd per yearbecause of the problemsgenerated in lasersoldering process.

    Burn

    Solder bridge

    Solder Empty

    MisalignedTombstone

    Total of Defects 159

    Total Units= 30

    Oportunities per Unit= 300

    DPU = 5.300

    DPMO= 17667

    Process Capability (Zst)= 2.10

    Process Capability (CP)= 0.70

    Total of Defects 9

    Total Units= 30

    Oportunities per Unit= 200

    DPU = 0.300

    DPMO= 1500

    Process Capability (Zst)= 2.97

    Process Capability (CP)= 0.99

    In these images, there are only examples of solder empty and so lder bridge defects.

    Burn

    Solder bridge

    Solder Empty

    MisalignedTombstone

    FAMILY “A”

    J1J1

    FAMILY “B”

    We studied two familiesof connectors, each onehas 50 models, then in

    total they are around 100models that have to beunder control in lasersoldering process.

    How many connector families will be involved?, What are the projected businessbenefits of this project?, What happen if we dont do anything?

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     d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   e

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    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Y= Solder empty, X’s = Connectors Assembly, Machine Parameters, Quality inspection. A planning

    was established to attack the problem: 2 phases (Machine validation & Process Control).

    Y= Solder empty, X’s = Connectors Assembly, Machine Parameters, Quality inspection. A planning

    was established to attack the problem: 2 phases (Machine validation & Process Control).

    More than 20variables wereidentified

    Can the Problem Be Broken into Smaller Pieces? Multi-Generational Plan?

    Basic Understanding LSP, Mode: “Continuos Pad”(Models: “A)

    Softbeam

    Laser Light

    Pre-heat

    1.-D12.- φ3.- Beam Power(watts)

    (x1,y1,z1)

    6.-(x,y,z) Beam Diam

    4.-Beam Diam (mm)5.-Wait Time. (sec) Pre-heat

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    Soldering

     PCB

    Origin

    7.-Robot Speed CP (mm/sec)

    .-Clamps.- PCB Color

    .- PCB Thickness

    .- Bent Pins or misaligment.- Residuos

      S  o   l  d  e

      r    B  a  r

        i  s   a  t  t  a  c   h  e

      d   t  o   t   h  e

       p   i  n  s

      (   C  o  n

      n  e  c  t  o

      r   D  e  s   i

      g  n   )

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    (x2,y2,z2)

       R  o

       b  o  t   S

      p  e  e  d

      (   C   P   )

    Beam Power

    off 

    Φ

    D1

    NOISE:B e  a m 

    P  o w e r 

    Connector Spec300

    softbeam manual

    Basic Understanding LSP, Mode: “Continuos Pad”(Models: “B”)

    SoftbeamLaser Light

    Suspipe

    Pre-heat

    1.-D12.- φ

    φ

    3.- Pwr0(watts) Pre-heat

     S  o  l  d  e  r  W  i  r  e

    (x1,y1,z1)

    D2

      R e v  F d

    αw

    7.-(x,y,z)

    8.-D2

    9.- α10.-w

    11.-Feed (mm/sec)

    Diam

    12.-Solder Wire Diam

    A r m  S p e

     e d

    Beam Diam

    4.-Beam Diam (mm)5.-Tpre (sec)

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    Feed6.- Pwr1(watts) Feed

     PCB

    Origin

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    PostHeat

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    16.- Pwr2(watts) Postheat17.-Tpst(sec)

      F e e d

    RevLn

    18.- RevFd (mm/sec)19.- RevLn(mm)

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    15.-Arm Speed(mm/sec)

    .-Clamps.-PCB Color

    .- PCB Thickness

    .- Bent Pins or misaligment.-Residuos

    13.-Wire Adjust (mm)

    Wire Adjust

    D1

    14.-Tmov (sec)

    (x2,y2,z2)

    20.- Tdly(sec)

    NOISE:

    connector specs200

    How the machine works?

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h 

     d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   e

    r -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www

    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Can we Understand better how the Laser Machine works? Lets see some videos…

    Approximate beam diameter: 0.7mm a 3.0mm

    Wavelength: 920nm a 960nm

    Max Power or Energy: 4w to 60w

    Laser characteristics….

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h 

     d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   e

    r -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www

    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Model: “A”

    Laser Light

    Pre-heat

    1.- D12.- φ3.- Beam Power(watts)

    (x1,y1,z1)

    6.- (x,y,z) Beam Diam

    4.-Beam Diam (mm)5.-Wait Time. (sec) Pre-heat

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    Soldering

     PCB

    Origin

    7.-Robot Speed CP (mm/sec)

    .-Clamps.- PCB Color

    .- PCB Thickness.- Bent Pins or misaligment.- Residuos

      S  o   l  d  e

      r    B  a  r

        i  s   a  t  t  a  c

       h  e  d   t

      o   t   h  e   p   i  n

      s

      (   C  o  n

      n  e  c  t  o

      r    D  e  s   i

      g  n   )

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    (x2,y2,z2)

       R

      o   b  o  t

        S  p  e

      e  d   (   C   P   )

    Beam Power off 

    Φ

    D1

    NOISE:B e  a m

    P  o w e r 

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   e

    r -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www

    . d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process Model: “B”

    Laser Light

    Suspipe

    Pre-heat

    1.- D12.- φ

    φ

    3.- Pwr0(watts) Pre-heat

     S  o  l  d  e  r  W 

     i  r  e

    (x1,y1,z1)

    D2

      R e v  F d

    α w

    7.- (x,y,z)

    8.- D2

    9.- α10.- w

    11.-Feed (mm/sec)

    Diam

    12.-Solder Wire Diam

    A r m  S

     p e e d

    Beam Diam

    4.-Beam Diam (mm)5.-Tpre (sec)

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    Feed6.- Pwr1(watts) Feed

     PCB

    Origin

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    PostHeat

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    16.- Pwr2(watts) Postheat17.- Tpst(sec)

      F e e d

    RevLn

    18.- RevFd (mm/sec)

    19.- RevLn(mm)

    PARAMETERS TO

    CONTROL:

    15.-Arm Speed(mm/sec)

    .-Clamps.- PCB Color

    .- PCB Thickness

    .- Bent Pins or misaligment.- Residuos

    13.-Wire Adjust (mm)

    Wire Adjust

    D1

    14.-Tmov (sec)

    (x2,y2,z2)

    20.- Tdly(sec)

    NOISE:

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    12

    Laser Soldering Process

    X1 = Solder Wire

    X2 = Parameters (pw0-watts, pw1-watts, pw2-watts, Tpre-sec, Tmov-sec,Tdly-sec,Tpst-sec, Arm Speed-mm/sec, Feed-mm/sec, Diameter, RevFn-mm/sec, RevLn-mm,beam power, cp).

    X3 = Maintenance

    X4 = Machine Programs

    X5 = Connectors

    X6 = PCBA

    X7 = ProgrammingMethod

    X8 =Visual Inspection Criterion

    X9 = Training

    Y=So

    lder

    Empty

    Y = Discrete Data(Atributes)

    Can we list all the variables involved in this problem?P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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            1        3

    e  r   i  n  g   P

      r  o  c  e  s  s

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    Laser Soldering Process

    What is Important and How Can I Measure It? How Good Is the Measurement System?

      T o o l s : 

      • G a g  e R

     & R.

      • C a p a b i l i t y  A

     n a l i s y s

       Z s t.

    Gage R&R Study (This study was made only for operatorsbecause of LSP machine doesn’t have automatic inspection)

    A preliminary Gage R&R study was done to identify quickly all theimprovements to guarantee the acceptable inspection criteria.

    In this case 10 pieces were utilized of model A and only the topsides were inspected. Current microscope which is available inline was used.

    3 differents oprs indifferents shifts weretaken for this study.

    Y = Discrete Data(Atributes)

    R&R Study. Results

      Attribute Agreeme nt Work She et

    Parameter

    Performed By

    Y/N Y/N

    S ample # E xper t Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Agree Agree

    10TR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 N N

    9TR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Y Y

    8TR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Y Y

    7TR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Y Y

    3TR 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 N N

    10TL 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 N N

    9TL 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 N N

    8TL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Y Y

    7TL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Y Y

    3TL 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 N N

    90% 60% 70%

    90% 60% 60%

    50%

    50%

    Note:(1) If % Appraiser Score is low training needs to occur, focus on specific areas (within inspector error)(2) % Score vs. Expert is an error against known population as deemed by experts(3) >90% is the target for Screen % Effectiveness Score

    The overall efficiency of all the included inspectors with respect to each other

    (4) Screen % Effective vs. Expert is an error agai nst a known population as deemed by the expertsThe overall efficiency of all the included inspectors with respect to external standard

    % APPRAISER SCORE(1)

     ->

    % SCORE VS. EXPERT(2)

     ->

    SCREEN % EFFECTIVE SCORE(3)

     ->

    SCREEN % EFFECTIVE SCORE vs. EXPERT(4)

     ->

    Known P opulation

    SOLDER EMPTY

    G Barajas & E Duarte

    RAMON MAURA FELIPE

       R  e  s  u   l   t  s  w  e  r  e  v  e  r  y   l  o  w   !

    Operators need to be re-trained Operators need to be re-trained 

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    15

    Laser Soldering Process

    1 2 3 4 5 6

    0.5

    1.0

    1.5

    2.0

    2.5

    Zst (Thecnology)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Z                                                                                                                                                                        s                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       h

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    i                                                                                                                                                                                                                               f                                                                                                                                                                                                               t                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       (                                                               

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      C                                                                                                                                                                               o       

                                                                                                                                                                           n                                                                                                                                                                                                               t                                                                                                                                                                                r

                                                                                                                                                                            o                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       l                                                                                                                                                                                                                                )                                                              

    Poor Control

    &Poor Technology

    Good Control

    &

    Poor Technology

    Category of

    Worldwide Class! 

    Poor Control

    &Good Technology

    A BDPMO’s = 17667

    CP = 0.70

    DPMO’s = 1500

    CP = 0.99

    Where are we located in terms of Zst capability scale?P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Connectorside view

    Connector top side

    Connector Bottom side

    PCB

    297°C274°C250°C

    THIS PROFILE SHOWS THAT THEBEHAVIOR OF THE TEMPERATURE ISNOT THE SAME FOR EACH ZONEDURING SOLDERING PROCESS.

    Profiling...P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    pcb

    pad

    pin

    Thermocouple

    Laser Light

     Acceptable

    pcb

    pad

    pin

    Thermocouple

    Laser Light

     Not Acceptable

    pcb

    pad

    pinThermocouple

    Laser Light Acceptable

    pcb

    pad

    pin

    Thermocouple

    Laser Light

    Avoid the

    shadow

     Not Acceptable

    Thermocouple Attachment...P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Soldering By Hand...

    Soldering By Laser...

    A good recomendation to use the properequipment for profiling Laser soldering

    process....

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Shift A2 detect the major quantity of defects. Laser’s machines have better

     performance than Xenon machine.

    Shift A2 detect the major quantity of defects. Laser’s machines have better

     performance than Xenon machine.

     T o o l s : 

      • H y p o t h e

     s i s  t e s t

     (  C h i 

     S q  u a r e )

    .

      • B o x  p l

     o t s.

      • H i s t o g r a m s

    Ho is rejected, while Ha isaccepted

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d  e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Pins dimensional study.

    Top and Bottom have allpins with different length.

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Every point means distance of each pin to the reference line.

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

            1        1        6

            3        1

            4        6

            6        1

            7        6

            9        1

            1        0        6

            1        2        1

            1        3        6

            1        5        1

            1        6        6

            1        8        1

            1        9        6

            2        1        1

            2        2        6

            2        4        1

            2        5        6

            2        7        1

            2        8        6

    Not all the pins are covered with the same temperature

    by beam diameter.

    0.7mm Beam Diam

    TOP BOTTOM

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www.

     d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Two Variables are Critical X’s (Beam Power & CP). Temperatures peaks were reduced to avoid burnings.Two Variables are Critical X’s (Beam Power & CP). Temperatures peaks were reduced to avoid burnings.

    DOE

    Softbeam Parameters (X’s)

     S o  l d e r   W  i r e

     

     p  w   0   -  w   

    a   

    t   t   s   

      R e  v  L

     n - m m

       p    w    1

      -   w   a    t     t 

       s

     p  w   2   -  w   

    a  t   t   s  

      T p r e - s e c

      T m o v -

     s e c, 

    T     d     l       y    -   s    e    

    c    Tpst-sec

    Ar m  S  p e e d - m m  / s e c F eed -mm/ sec D  i  a  m  e  t  e  r  

       R  e   v   F

      n  -  m  m   /  s

      e  c

    c   p  

      b e a m

      p o w e

     r

    Critical X’s:     b

       e   a    m     p

       o    w   e    r

    c   p  

    According with the quantity ofvariables the study will be aFractional DOE for 2 levels & 8-4variables (Resolution IV). Thismeans to make 16 runs.

    According with the quantity of

    variables the study to be chose is aTAGUCHI DOE for 3 levels & 5variables.This means to make 27runs.

    How Do I Close the Gap Between Current and Desired Performance? (Critical Xs)

    $5000 usdwas theinvestmentfor theseDOE’s

      – O p t i

     m i z a t i o n

      – D O E

      T a g u c h

     i

      – D O E

      F r a c t i o

     n a t e d

      –  N o r m

     a l l i t y  T e s

     t

      – C r o s s  S e c

     t i o n

      – I M C

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

     No Of Defects = 10.000 + 3.500 Y -2.625 Z -5.250 Arm Speep PTP -4.000 ArmSpeed CP + 3.500 Beam power + 1.375 PCB Solvent -2.375 Y*Z -4.000 Y*Arm SpeedPTP -6.000 Y*Arm Speed CP + 4.250 Y*Beam Power + 2.625 Y*PCB Solvent + ei

    Tranfer Funtion:

    Y   Y11=148.15, Y12=228, Y21=249.70, Y22=239,30 mm

    Z 64.5 mm

    Arm Speed PTP 80 mm/sec

    Arm Speed CP   4 mm/sec

    Wait time   0.15 sec

    Beam Power 18 watts

    "NEW" PARAMETERSUnitsVariable VALUE

    Y   Y11=148, Y12=227, Y21=249.70, Y22=239,30 mm

    Z 65.5 mm

    Arm Speed PTP 75 mm/sec

    Arm Speed CP   2.7 mm/sec

    Wait time   0 sec

    Beam Power 18 watts

    "OLD" PARAMETERSUnitsVariable VALUE

    Defects Before Vs After DOE

    87

    42

    75

    17

    0

    1020

    30

    40

    50

    60

    7080

    90

    100

    Solder Bridge

    (Before Doe)

    Solder Bridge

    (After DOE)

    Solder Empty

    (Before DOE)

    Solder Empty

    (After DOE)

    Type of Defect

       Q  u  a  n   t   i   t  y  o   f   D  e   f  e  c   t  s

    159

    62

    Defects

    decreased

    63%

    Run Confirmation:

    Can We Confirm the Solution on a Small Test?

    Small test after improvements confirmed that for UN’s we have defects reduction

    in 93% (Zst = 2.10 to 3.03. For TN’s we have defects reduction in 77%. (Zst =

    2.97 to 3.40.

    Small test after improvements confirmed that for UN’s we have defects reduction

    in 93% (Zst = 2.10 to 3.03. For TN’s we have defects reduction in 77%. (Zst =

    2.97 to 3.40.

    Master Program

    UN’s

    TN’s

    Reducing variation

     Based on the new parameters we generated a Master Program on the Machine. Based on the new parameters we generated a Master Program on the Machine.

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Eliminating “burnings”Connectorside view

    Connector top side

    Connector Bottom side

    PCB

    297 °C274 °C250 °C

    THIS PROFILE SHOWS THAT THEBEHAVIOR OF THE TEMPERATUREIS NOT THE SAME FOR EACH ZONEDURING SOLDERING PROCESS.

    This is an example whensome plastic residuos areleft over the pins and thelaser burns them. Thereaction is very high, thenthe pcb catches a hightemperature (783°C) t o beburned.

     – Theorically reflow process (tin-lead) window for SMT assembly describes: 60 secsmust be sufficient over 183°C to get peaks of temper ature between 217°C – 230°C.

     – Wave Soldering Process has a work window of: 1.5 – 3 secs with peaks of 255°C.

    Then we can conclude that PCB is designed to resist at least thesame work window than Wave Soldering Process andtemperatures above this process window could damage the pcb(FR4) generating “burnings”.

    In the previous slide we obtained temperatures peaks like 274°C(1 sec) and 297°C (1.5 sec) This means that there is a high risk toburn the PCB.

    Making small changes in the master program obtained of lastDOE study, we have reduced these temperature peaks in order towork with values less 255°C (0.8sec). See the next slides to notethe differences with the results.

    225°C (0.8 sec)

    246°C (0.8 sec)

    PROCESSWINDOW

    IMC study

    Intermetalic joint study andcross section were performed toasure that acceptables rangesare achieved.

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Preheat...... It is better to avoid thermal choke.P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

     T o o l s : 

      • S P C

      • G r a p h s “

     P ”

      • H i s t o g r a m s

    Old programs insoftbeammachines weredeleted. Only the

    master programwill be available.Critical X’s havespecified lowand high limitsto work.

    How Will Critical Xs be Controlled?Defects Reported from China (J1 Connector)

    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

       0  8  /   0

      1  /   2   0   0

       7

      1   5  /   0

      1  /   2   0   0

       7

       2   2  /   0

      1  /   2   0   0

       7

       2   9  /   0

      1  /   2   0   0

       7

       0   5  /   0

       2  /   2   0   0

       7

      1   2  /   0

       2  /   2   0   0

       7

      1   9  /   0

       2  /   2   0   0

       7

       2   6  /   0

       2  /   2   0   0   7

       0   5  /   0

      3  /   2   0   0

       7

      1   2  /   0

      3  /   2   0   0

       7

      1   9  /   0

      3  /   2   0   0

       7

       2   6  /   0

      3  /   2   0   0

       7

       0   2  /   0

      4  /   2   0   0

       7

       0   9  /   0

      4  /   2   0   0

       7

      1   6  /   0

      4  /   2   0   0

       7

       2  3  /   0

      4  /   2   0   0

       7

      3   0  /   0

      4  /   2   0   0

       7

       0   7  /   0

       5  /   2   0   0

       7

      1  4  /   0

       5  /   2   0   0

       7

       2  1  /   0

       5  /   2   0   0

       7

       2  8  /   0

       5  /   2   0   0

       7

       0  4  /   0

       6  /   2   0   0

       7

      1  1  /   0

       6  /   2   0   0

       7

      1  8  /   0

       6  /   2   0   0

       7

       2   5  /   0

       6  /   2   0   0

       7

    Date

       Q   t  y  o   f   D  e   f  e  c   t  s   R  e  p  o  r   t  e   d

    Defects Reported from China (J1 Connector)

    0.0%

    0.5%

    1.0%

    1.5%

    2.0%

    2.5%

       0  8  /   0  1  /   2   0

       0   7

      1   5  /   0  1  /   2   0

       0   7

       2   2  /   0  1  /   2   0

       0   7

       2   9  /   0  1  /   2   0

       0   7

       0   5  /   0   2  /   2   0

       0   7

      1   2  /   0   2  /   2   0

       0   7

      1   9  /   0   2  /   2   0

       0   7

       2   6  /   0   2  /   2   0

       0   7

       0   5  /   0  3  /   2   0

       0   7

      1   2  /   0  3  /   2   0

       0   7

      1   9  /   0  3  /   2   0

       0   7

       2   6  /   0  3  /   2   0

       0   7

       0   2  /   0  4  /   2   0

       0   7

       0   9  /   0  4  /   2   0

       0   7

      1   6  /   0  4  /   2   0

       0   7

       2  3  /   0  4  /   2   0

       0   7

      3   0  /   0  4  /   2   0

       0   7

       0   7  /   0   5  /   2   0

       0   7

      1  4  /   0   5  /   2   0

       0   7

       2  1  /   0   5  /   2   0

       0   7

       2  8  /   0   5  /   2   0

       0   7

       0  4  /   0   6  /   2   0

       0   7

      1  1  /   0   6  /   2   0

       0   7

      1  8  /   0   6  /   2   0

       0   7

       2   5  /   0   6  /   2   0

       0   7

    Date

       %  o   f   P   i  e  c  e  s  w   i   t   h   D  e   f  e  c   t  s

     

    Pointsout ofcontrol!!!

    Improvements.

    Improvements.

    We registered

    overtime data

    using SPC theprocess

    performance.

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Softbeam process must be measured daily to identify significantvariations and take actions. It will be better if types of defects areseparated.

    LASER 1

    LASER 2XENON

    LASER 1

    LASER 2

    XENONLASER 1

    LASER 2

    XENONLASER 1

    LASER 2

    XENON

    YIELD

    A2

    B2

    QUANTITY OF DEFECTS DETECTEDTotal ofPieces

    Produced

    MACHINESHIFT

    A1

    B1

    Date Connector Inspection Final Inspection QA

    Yield =(Connector Inspection + Final inpection + QA)

    Total of pieces produced=1 -( ) X 100  _____%

    Daily Report

    Softbeam process must be measured daily to identify significantvariations and take actions. It will be better if types of defects are

    separated.Formatode llenadode parámetros de laSoftbeam

    X1 Y1 Y2 Z W X2 Y3 Y4HORA

    T  d l   y

    T  U R N  O

    MA  Q U I  N A 

    Modelo

    B  e am  ó P W1 

    F  e e d 

    T m ov

     

    FECHA

    Ing

    Proc.

    Softbeamrameter collection d

    Set-up procedure

    We implemented some formats in

    order to collect as may information

    as needed.

    .- Daily Yields

    .- Daily Machine Parameters

    .- Set-up Procedure.- Validation Machine Procedure.

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    125Solectron Confidential

    SoftbeamLaser Light

    Beam On

    Beam Poweroff 

    Wait Time (0.15): Es el tiempoen seg que el robotespera en el primer pinantes de moverse a lolargo de todo el conector.

    Z  + (   6 4 . 5  0  )  

    W

    (60.26)

    Beam Power (14-16):Es la potencia enwatts aplicada alo largo de todoslos pines.

    CP(2.6 – 3.0): Es la velocidad enmm/seg con la que elrobot se desplaza a lolargo de todos los pines.

    PTP: Point to Point, es la velocidad con laque se desplaza el robot entredos puntos. Se mide en % dela velocodad máxima del

    mismo. 75% -80% sonvalores típicos.

    Modelos con más variación:UN398, UN395, UN395B,UN595B, UN553

    Softbeam 1

    Softbeam

    Laser Light

    Suspipe

    Pwr 0

     S  o  l  d  e  r

      W  i  r  e

      R e v  F d

    w

    Pwr 2

    RevLn

    Pwr1 (140-170)/10: Es lapotencia en wattsaplicada a lo largo detodos los pines.

    Speed (26-30)/10: Es la velocidad enmm/seg con la que el robot sedesplaza a lo largo de todoslos pines.

        P   w   r   1

      ,     S   p  e

      e  d ,      F  e  e

      d

    Pwr2 (100)/10: Es la potenciaen watts aplicada alúltimo pin para poderretirar la soldadura.

    RevFd (300)/10: Es lavelocidad theretracción enmm/seg con laque lasoldadura esretirada delúltimo pin.

    RevLn (20)/10: Es ladistancia en mmcon la que lasoldadura esretirada del últimopin.

    Tdly (10-30)/100:Es el tiempo en seg que elsuspipe permanece dispensandosoldadura una vez que el robot se hadetenido en el último pin.

    Tpst (20)/100: Es el tiempo en seg que elrobot permanece con el beam abiertoen último pin.

    Pwr0 (140)/10: Es la potencia enwatts aplicada al primer pin(precalentamiento).

    Tpst (20)/100: Es el tiempo en seg que elrobot permanece con el beam abiertoen el primer pin.

    Tmov(10-30)/100: Es el tiempo en seg queel suspipe permanece dispensando

    soldadura en el primer pin antes deque el robot se mueva.

    Feed (80-100)/10: Es la velocidad enmm/seg con la que lasoldadura es dispensada porel suspipe.

    PTP: (Point to Point), es la velocidad conla que se desplaza el robotentre dos puntos. Se mide en

    % de l a velocodad máxima delmismo. 75% - 80% sonvalores típicos.

    Modelos con más variación: TN13, TN113, TN1987,TN395, TN1893, TN1873, TN1371C, TN220B.

    Z                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

            +                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  

                                                                                                                                                                                     (                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

                        6                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     8                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 .                                                                                                                                  2                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     5                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      )                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

    (75.00)

    Based on

    three months

    of data

    collected, we

    calculate

    confidence

    intervals for

    each machine

    parameter inorder to

    specify the

    maximum

    and

    minimum

    values of

    tolerance.

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om

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    Laser Soldering Process

    Thank you !

    We spent 10 months to close this project....However continuos improvement neverends, then always there will be something more to improve.

    P D F  C r  e a t   e d wi   t  h  d 

     e s k P D F P D F Wr i   t   er 

    -T r i   al  : : h  t   t   p:  /   /  www. d  o c  u d  e s k . c  om