Micro Op SYS (DOS)

Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

2

Hardware

• Four Categories– CPU (Central Processing Unit)– Primary Storage (RAM)– Input/Output Devices

• Keyboard• Mouse• Monitor• Printer

– Secondary Storage (Drives)

3

SOFTWARE

• Two Categories– System Software

• Operating Systems– DOS, Win3.x, Win9x, WinNT, Win2000, WinXp,

Win2003, Unix, Linux, MAC, OS2, Longhorn

• Utility Support Programs– Norton, Macafe, etc.

4

SOFTWARE (cont)

– Application Software• Eight Categories

– Word Processing– Spreadsheet– Database Management– Communications– Mathematical Molding– Graphics– Games– Software Development Tools

5

Drive Layout

• Fragmentation

• Master Boot Record (MBR)

• File Allocation Table (FAT)

• Root Directory

• Directory

• Sub-Directory

6

7

DOS

• File Naming ConventionD:\Test\filename.ext

[drive] [path] [filename] [extension]

Filename → Max of 8 characters

Extension → Max of 3 characters

Example:

A:\test\dos\project.doc

8

Extensions• Executable files

– BAT – batch file– COM – program file <64KB– EXE – program file >64KB

• Text files– BAK – Backup text file– BAS – BASIC file– DAT – Data File– DBF – dBase file– DOC – Documentation file– HLP – Help file– INI – Initialization file– PRN – Printer file– SYS – System ASCII file– TXT – Text file

• Other files– DEF – Program setup file– FON – Font file– GIF – Graphics image file– OVL – Overlay file– PIF – Program information file– SYS – System binary file– TIF – TIFF graphic image file– WKI – Lotus 1-2-3 worksheet

file– WPG – WordPerfect graphic

file– XLS – Excel file

9

Wildcards

• Two types– Asterisk (*)

• Representing a group of one or more characters

– Question Mark (?)• Representing only a single character

• Used a lot with the DIR command for narrower searching

10

DOS Commands

• Internal– Frequently used and/or relatively small DOS

commands loaded into RAM when the system is booted

• External– Reside on the DOS disk– Must be copied into RAM each time they are

executed

11

Some DOS Commands

• DATE• TIME• HELP

– Help DATE– Date /?

• Format– Switches:

• /S – make bootable• /V – add a volume label• /Q – quick format• /F – floppy disk size• /U - unconditional

12

Internal DOS Commands

• Frequently used and/or relatively small DOS commands loaded into RAM when the system is booted

13

DOS Commands

• CLS

• REN

• VER

14

DOS Commands (cont)

• COPY– copy filename.ext a:filename.ext– Can use wildcards

• Copy *.* a:*.*

• DEL– del filename.ext– Can use wildcards

• del *.*

15

DOS Commands (cont)

• TYPE– Allows you to view the contains inside of a file

without having to open another program

16

External DOS Commands

• Reside on the DOS disk

• Must be copied into RAM each time they are executed

17

DOS Commands

• LABEL

• CHKDSK (after DOS6.2 SCANDISK)

• DISKCOPY– Must be the same size

• UNDELETE

18

DOS Commands (cont)

• ATTRIB– attrib ±A ±H ±R ±S a:filename.ext– attrib a:*.*

• XCOPY– Similar to COPY but allows you to include

subdirectories– /s must be used to copy subdirectories

19

DOS Disk Commands

• CD or CHDIR

• MD or MKDIR

• RD or RMDIR

20

DOS Disk Commands (cont)

• TREE

• DELTREE

• PROMPT

21

DOS Disk Commands (cont)

• MOVE

• PROMPT– $t – system time– $d – system date– $n – default drive– $g – the > character– $_ - “new line” command (to skip a line)– $p – default disk and current directory

22

DOS Disk Commands (cont)

• PATH– Path c:\;c:\dos;a:\