Microarray for DNA & RNAMicroarray for DNA & RNA

Mosa Alzowelei

BME

11/12/2014

AgendaAgenda

• Introduction• History• Mechanisms• Clinical Application• Future Improvement• References

IntroductionIntroduction

• DNA Microarray– “a grid of DNA segments of known sequence that is

used to test and map DNA fragments, antibodies, or proteins”

• Affymetrix– Pioneer in breakthrough tools

• Driving genomic revolution• Discovery, exploration, validation and genetic testing

– Revolutionizing scientific and medical communities• Investigating Parkinson’s disease, cancer, malaria etc

HistoryHistory

• Affymetrix’ GeneChip technology– Invented in 1980

• Semiconductor manufacturing technique along with combinatorial chemistry

• Biological data on a small glass chip

• Growth via acquisitions– From 1994 to 2008

• Major customers– Biotech, pharmaceutical, agrichemical etc– Academic and government institutions

MechanismMechanism

Clinical ApplicationClinical Application

• Cytogenetics– Tools and resources

• Cancer research– Genomic Parameter at various complexities

• Whole-genome to single gene

– Translational work flow• Discovery to test development

Future ImprovementsFuture Improvements

• CytoScan HD Array– Blood Tumor DNA

• Somatic mutation and allelic ratio detection

• GeeChip miRNA 2.0 array– Gene regulation profiling

• OncoScan FFPE Express Services– Solid Tumor DNA

• Copy number aberration and allelic ratio detection

ReferencesReferences

• Irizarry, Rafael A et al. "Summaries of Affymetrix GeneChip probe level data." Nucleic acids research 31.4(2003): e15 e15

• Cheadle, Chris et al. "Application of z score transformation to Affymetrix data." Applied bioinformatics 2.4(2003): 209

• 3 van de Goor, Tom A. "A history of DNA microarrays." (2005)• rizarry, Rafael A et al. "Summaries of Affymetrix GeneChip probe level

data." Nucleic acids research 31.4(2003): e15 e15• Ragoussis, Jiannis, and Gareth Elvidge. "Affymetrix GeneChip®

system: moving from research to the clinic." Expert review of molecular diagnostics 6.2 (2006): 145 152.

• Mikhailovich, Vladimir et al. "DNA microarrays in the clinic: infectious diseases." Bioessays 30.7 (2008) 673 682