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Microwave Radio

Relay SystemsSeminar by

Sugavanesh B


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What is Microwave Radio

Relay?Have you ever noticed a cell phone tower??If so , have you ever wondered what are those shapes offrustum (in informal way ,

kind of looking like white colored loud

speakers)Well , actually they are our topic of study for

the moment, Microwave Radio Relay !ystem"


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Microwave Radio RelayMicrowave radio relayis a technology fortransmitting digitaland analog signals, such as long$distance telephone calls and the relay of television programs totransmitters, %etween two locations on a line of sightradio path&

In microwaveradio relay, radio wavesare transmitted %etween thetwo locations with directional antennas, forming a fi'ed radioconnection %etween the two points& ong daisy$chainedseries ofsuch links form transcontinental telephone andor televisioncommunication systems


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*ormation + *unction f

Microwave Relay-s multiple chains of microwave radio relays are set up, they canform a microwave network& .ecause all of these relays occur within/lines of sight/ there is only a very narrow area that the radio wavepasses through& 0hese antennas tend to %e installed at high

elevations, so as to avoid o%stacles, %ecause each antenna needs to%roadcast long distances very accurately& 0his, however, allows forvery economical use of radio power and allows for a narrowerfre1uency range, due to less interference&


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2lanning 3onsiderations

.ecause of the high fre1uenciesused, a 1uasi$optical line of sight%etween the stations is generally

re1uired& -dditionally, in order toform the line of sight connection%etween the two stations, the

first *resnel 4one must %e free fromo%stacles so the radio wavescan propagate across a nearly

uninterrupted path& %stacles in


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Over-horizon

microwave radio relayIn over$hori4on, or tropospheric scatter, microwave radio relay, unlikea standard microwave radio relay link, the sending and receivingantennas do not use a line of sight transmission path& Instead, thestray signal transmission, known as /tropo $ scatter/ or simply

/scatter,/ from the sent signal is picked up %y the receiving station&!ignal clarity o%tained %y this method depends on the weather andother factors,and as a result a high level of technical difficultyisinvolved in the creation of a relia%le over hori4on radio relay link&ver hori4on radio relay links are therefore only used where standardradio relay links are unsuita%le (for e'ample, in providing

a microwave linkto an island)&


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- ink Eiagram3lick to edit Master te't styles!econd level

0hird level *ourth level

*ifth level


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Fetworks

Microwave networks were originally populari4ed in the


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0hank ouJJ

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