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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

MILL EXPANSION PLAN

TAMIL NADU NEWSPRINT AND PAPERS LIMITED - UNIT II Mondipatti, Manapparai, Trichy District.

Project Proponent

TAMIL NADU NEWSPRINT AND PAPERS LIMITED Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

April 2018

EIA Consultant Project Consultant

Cholamandalam MS Risk Services Limited SPB Projects and Consultancy Limited

Parry House, 4th Floor, No.2, NSC Bose Road Esvin House, Perungudi, Chennai 600 001, Tamil Nadu Chennai 600096

QCI Accredited EIA Consultant Organization Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited - Unit II EIA Report Mondipatti, Tiruchirappalli Dt, Tamil Nadu Mill Expansion Plan

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Contents

Clause # Title Page #

1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 4

1.1. Preamble and Project Proponent ....................................................................... 4

1.2. Proposed Mill Expansion Plan (MEP) ................................................................ 4

1.3. Need for EIA Study ............................................................................................ 4

1.4. Project Screening and ToR ................................................................................ 5

1.5. EIA Study .......................................................................................................... 5

1.6. Environmental Setting of the Mill ....................................................................... 5

2. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASPECTS IN EXISTING FACILITY .......... 7

3. DETAILS OF THE PROPOSED MILL EXPANSION .......................................... 7

3.1. Land for the Proposed Mill Expansion Plan ....................................................... 8

3.2. Materials and Resources Requirement ............................................................ 10

3.3. Project Cost ..................................................................................................... 12

4. DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT ..................................... 12

4.1. Site Specific Meteorological Conditions ........................................................... 12

4.2. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring ........................................................................ 12

4.3. Water Environment .......................................................................................... 13

4.4. Noise Level Survey .......................................................................................... 14

4.5. Soil Environment ............................................................................................. 14

4.6. Flora and Fauna Studies ................................................................................. 14

4.7. Socio Economic Environment .......................................................................... 15

5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

15

5.1. Impact during Construction Phase ................................................................... 15

5.2. Impact during Operation Phase ....................................................................... 15

5.3. Fugitive Emissions and Associated Environmental Impacts ............................. 16

5.4. Non Condensable Gas (NCG) Emissions and Control ..................................... 16

5.5. Traffic Impact ................................................................................................... 16

5.6. Noise Emissions and Control ........................................................................... 17

5.7. Impacts on the Water Environment .................................................................. 17

5.8. Soil and Groundwater Quality Related Impacts ................................................ 18

5.9. Impact of Solid Waste ...................................................................................... 18


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5.10. Impacts on Ecological and Biological Environment .......................................... 18

5.11. Socio-economic Impact ................................................................................... 19

6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ..................................................... 19

6.1. Environmental Management during Construction Phase ................................. 19

6.2. Air Quality Management during operation phase ............................................. 19

6.2.1. Management of Non Condensable Gases (NCG) Emission ............................. 20

6.3. Wastewater Management ................................................................................ 21

6.4. Solid Waste Management ................................................................................ 21

6.5. Ecology and Biodiversity Management Plan .................................................... 21

6.6. Captive Plantations .......................................................................................... 22

6.7. Community Development Plan under CSR Programs ...................................... 22

6.8. Budgetary Cost Estimates for Environmental Management ............................. 22

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES ................................................................................... 22

7.1. Public Hearing ................................................................................................. 22

7.2. Risk Assessment Study and Risk Mitigation measures .................................... 22

7.3. Fire Hazards .................................................................................................... 23

7.4. Risks due to Storage and Handling of Coal and Risk Control Measures .......... 23

7.5. Occupational Health and Noise Management Plan .......................................... 23

8. PROJECT BENEFITS ..................................................................................... 24

9. CONCLUSIONS .............................................................................................. 24


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Preamble and Project Proponent

Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited (TNPL) was established by the

Government of Tamil Nadu during early eighties to produce Newsprint and Printing

& writing Paper using Bagasse- sugarcane residue, as primary raw material. The

Unit I of TNPL located at Kagithapuram, Karur District (about 400 km southwest of

Chennai) was commissioned in October 1985 with an installed capacity of 90,000

tpa of Newsprint/Fine Paper, with a single machine. Over the years, the Company

has emerged as one of the largest bagasse based Paper Mills in the World with a

production capacity of 4 lakhs MT per annum. TNPL installed and commissioned

during January 2016, a New Green Field 200,000 MT per annum Multi Layer Coated

Boards, Unit II, at Mondipatti, Chettichatram and K.Periyapatti Villages at

Manapparai Taluk, Trichy District over a mill area of 303.35 acres and total land

area of 874.46 acres.

1.2. Proposed Mill Expansion Plan (MEP)

In order to further strengthen its position in printing and writing (P&W) paper

segment, TNPL is contemplating expansion of unit 2 by adding a P&W paper

machine along with a new chemical hard wood pulp mill, chemical recovery, power

plant and utilities. Total cost of the project is estimated at Rs.2100 Crores

The proposals covered under the Mill Expansion Plan (MEP) project are

Addition of one (1) new 1,65,000 tpa P&W paper machine .

To meet the pulp demand after MEP, New 1,40,000 BD tpa ECF Chemical

Wood Pulp Mill

One (1) new 130 tph AFBC boiler

Increasing the captive power generation capacity from 30 MW to 80 MW, by

installing two new Turbo Generators of total capacity 50 MW.

New Effluent treatment plant (ETP) with 15,000 m3/day capacity in addition to

augmentation of existing ETP from 9,000 m3/day to 12,000 m3/day

Adopting efficient water management and wastewater management program

to maximise recycling treated wastewater reduce specific water consumption

significantly

1.3. Need for EIA Study

According to the Environmental Impact Assessment Notification issued by Ministry

of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC) under Environment

Protection Act, pulp and paper industries (excluding manufacture of paper from

waste paper) and captive co-generation power plant with a capacity greater than 5


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MW are required to obtain environmental clearance for installation/ expansion or

modernization..

The proposed mill expansion project comprises of manufacture of pulp, which falls

under category “A” under sector 5(i) & enhancement of Captive Power Plant (CPP)

capacity from 30MW to 80 MW by installing 50 MW TGs and 130 tph capacity FBC

coal fired boiler, which falls under category “B” under sector 1(d) of the EIA

Notification 2006. Since the existing mill site does not fall under any notified

industrial area, public consultation will be conducted as per the Environmental

Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification 2006.

1.4. Project Screening and ToR

The proposed MEP was appraised by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry-I),

Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate change (MoEF&CC) in the 18th Expert

Appraisal Committee meeting held on 3rd to 5th May 2017 and based on the same,

Terms of Reference (ToR) vide File no. J-11011/172/2017-IA-II (I), dated, 22nd May

2017 was accorded.

1.5. EIA Study

The EIA study was undertaken in conformity with the guidelines and all the aspects

of the specific conditions mentioned in the Terms of Reference (ToR) issued by

MoEF&CC.

This EIA study was undertaken by M/s Cholamandalam MS Risk Services Limited, a

NABET accredited EIA consultant organisation, with specific project related inputs

required for undertaking the EIA studies from SPB Projects and Consultancy Ltd

(SPB-PC), Chennai.

1.6. Environmental Setting of the Mill

The proposed Mill Expansion Plan (MEP) will be located in the existing mill premises

at Mondipatti Village, Manapparai Taluk, Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu by

utilizing vacant space inside the existing mill.

The existing site is located at the intersection of latitude 10º 41' N and longitude 78º

26"E and falls in the Survey of India Topography Map number 58 J /6 / NE. Topo

sheet map of 10 km radius is given in Figure 1.


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Figure 1: Topography Map of 10 km radius from project site

The details of environmental setting around the existing plant site are given in the

following Table 1.

Table1: Environmental Setting around the Existing Plant Site

S.No. Particulars Details

1

Location

Town/Village Mondipatti

Taluk Manapparai

District Tiruchirappalli

State Tamil Nadu

2 Latitude 100 41

‟ N

3 Longitude 780 26

‟ E

4 Elevation above mean sea level (MSL)

145 m

4 Climatic conditions as per IMD Belgaum

Annual Max. Temp 40 oC Annual Min. Temp 17.4 oC Annual total rainfall 880mm Predominant wind direction: West Wind Speed :13.3 kmph

5 Present land use at the proposed site Industrial land use

6 Nearest highway/road

National Highway (NH) 45- Trichy- Dindugal Road at distance 5 km, South

State Highway (SH) 71- Kulithalai- Manapparai Road at distance of 1


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S.No. Particulars Details

km, West

7 Defence installations Nil within 7-km radius

8 Nearest railway station Manapparai Railway Station at distance of 7.5 Km, South

9 Nearest airport/air strip Tiruchirappalli International Airport at aerial distance of 32 Km

10 Nearest Village Mondipatti at aerial distance of 1.2 Km

11 Nearest Town Manapparai at aerial distance of 7.0 Km

12 Nearest River

River Ariyar -6.7 Km, East

Mamundi River (seasonal)- 7.6 Km, south

River Ponnani (Seasonal)- 8.6 Km, South

River Napili (Seasonal)- 10.0 Km, North East

13 Hills/ Valleys Thogamalai Hill at an aerial distance of 6.7 Km

14 Archaeologically important places Nil

15 Ecologically sensitive areas (National Parks/ Wildlife sanctuaries/bio-sphere reserves)

Nil within 10 Km radius

16 Reserved/Protected forests within 10 km radius

Viramalai RF 5.2 Km West

Naganur RF 5.6 Km North West

Amaiyapuram RF

9 Km South West

Thogaimalai Hill

6.7 Km South West

17 List of industries Nil

18 Topography of the plant site Flat Terrain

19 Nature of soil Sandy Loamy

2. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ASPECTS IN EXISTING FACILITY

The mill obtained Environmental Clearance for the “Project of 2, 00,000 tpa Multi

Layer Double Coated Paper Board with 30 MW Captive Power Plant, vide Letter

No.SEIAA-TN/F.No.1203/2013/5(i)&1(d)/EC-11/2014 dated, 06.02.2014.

TNPL obtained Consent for Establishment and subsequently obtained Consent for

Operation under the Water and Air Acts for Multi Layer Double Coated Paper Board

with 30 MW Captive Power Plant project from Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board

during 2016.The unit was further obtained Renewal Consent for Operation till

31.03.2018. Further, the unit has also obtained Hazardous waste authorization, with

validity till 20.02.2022.

3. DETAILS OF THE PROPOSED MILL EXPANSION

The post-Mill Expansion Plan (MEP) capacity of the TNPL Unit 2 will be 3.65 lakh tpa

comprising 1.65 lakh tpa Printing and Writing paper in addition to exisiting paper


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board production of 2.0 lakh tpa (increase by 1,65,000 tpa). Towards this, a with ECF

Chemical Wood Pulp Mill of capacity 1,40,000 BD tpa and chemical recovery section

will be installed in addition to augmentation of existing Captive Power Plant, Effluent

Treatment Plant and other infrastructure. The details of the plant capacities are

presented in Table 2.

Table 2: Plant Capacities – Existing, Post MEP and MEP Proposals

Description Unit Existing Incremental Post MEP MEP

Proposal

Paper Machines

Board Production tpa 2,00,000 -- -- No Change

Printing & Writing Paper machine

tpa 1,65,000 1,65,000 New

proposal

Total Board/Paper Production

tpa 2,00,000 1,65,000 3,65,000 --

ECF Chemical Wood Pulp Mill

BD tpa -- 1,40,000 1,40,000 New

proposal

Recovery plant, including Recovery Boiler

tpd of black liquor solids -- 1,100 1,100

New proposal

Lime kiln tpd of lime

-- 250 250 New

proposal

Power Boilers

- Power Boiler s tph of steam

2 x 90=180 1 x 130 310 Expansion

- Turbo Generators

MW of power

30 50 (1 x 30

MW +1 x 20 MW)

80 Expansion

Waste Water Treatment

m³/day 9000

From 9000 to 12,000 +

addition of new 15,000

27,000

Augmentation of existing ETP and addition of new for pulp mill stream,

3.1. Land for the Proposed Mill Expansion Plan

Since the available free space in the mill will be used for project facilities, no

additional land is required. Unit 2 has total land of 874.46 acres, with vacant spaces

and well covered with greenery.

For MEP project, around 100 acres will be utilised in the vacant land available in the

existing plant area of 303.35 acres. The land use break-up Post Project is given in

the following table. The vacant spaces available in the mill premises have been

identified and found to be suitable and adequate to accommodate all the new

facilities planned under project.


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Table 3 Land Usage (area in Acres)

S.No Category Existing

(Acres)

Post MEP

(Acres)

A Mill Area

1 Plant & Building 32.00 56.05

2 Storage area 93.00 97.27

3 Roads/Drains 5.00 7.41

4 Vacant area (for future development) 70.00 7.27

5 Green belt/ green cover within mill

area

103.35 135.35

Total Mill area 303.35 303.35

B Colony 21.00 21.00

C Green belt/Green cover/Irrigation

using treated waste water

550.11 550.11

Total (A+B+C) 874.46 874.46

The overall mill layout is presented in Figure 2.

Figure 2- Proposed facility in the existing plant site

Existing WTP/ETP

Existing Board Machine

New ETPExisting Power Plant

Proposed Paper Machine

Pulp Mill Chemical Recovery

&Power Plant Area

Existing WTP/ETP





&Power Plant Area

Existing WTP/ETP





&Power Plant Area


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3.2. Materials and Resources Requirement

3.2.1 Raw materials

The raw material requirement for the proposed MEP is presented in the Table 4

Table 4: Raw Materials Requirement

S.No Description Unit Existing Incremental Post MEP

Source

1 Wood tpa Nil 5,70,000 5,70,000

As per current practice in Unit-I viz., From TAFCON and captive plantations, farm forestry.

2 Hard wood pulp

tpa 36,800 Nil 32,800 -

3 Soft wood pulp

tpa 8,200 Nil 8,200 -

3.2.2 Chemicals Requirement

The major process chemicals required to be used and procured for the bleached

pulp production of 1,40,000 tpa is given in the following table. All the process

chemicals shall be procured from suppliers, shall be transported by trucks.

Table 4: Chemical Requirement during Post MEP

Chemicals Unit Existing Post MEP

Procured from Suppliers

Caustic tpa Nil 1,700

Hydrogen Peroxide tpa Nil 2,100

Sulphuric Acid tpa Nil 700

Lime stone tpa Nil 22,800

Captive

Oxygen tpa Nil 3,900

Chlorine Dioxide tpa Nil 1,400

Ozone tpa Nil 840

3.2.3 Fuel Requirement

Imported coal and furnace oil are the major source of fuel required. The quantity of

furnace oil and additional coal requirement is given below

Table 5: Fuel Requirement during Post MEP

Fuel Unit Existing Post MEP Incremental Source

Coal tpa 1,70,000 3,10,000 1,40,000 Additional coal will be Imported from Indonesia

Furnace oil kl Nil 5,600 5,600 Local market


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3.2.4 Water Requirement

The fresh water requirement after MEP will be around 20,700 m³/day. Fresh water

will be sourced from River Cauvery through existing collector wells. Water

requirement will be within water drawal permission of 23,100 m3/day. The specific

water consumption will be maintained <25 m3 per tonne of paper production post

MEP.

As part of MEP, some more proposals are being planned to bring the fresh water

requirement to the stipulated norms during the post project scenario.

3.2.5 Wastewater Generation

The wastewater generated from the entire mill after MEP will be around 18,000

m³/day. Total treated wastewater reused in the plant will be around 3800 m3/day, out

of which 2000 m3/day of water is recycled directly from paper machine (P&W)

without treatment at ETP and the remaining 1800 m3/day of treated wastewater from

ETP will be recycled back to process. Total treated wastewater discharge from

WWTP will be 16,000 m³/day for irrigation.

Table 6: Proposed MEP Water Balance

Description Fresh water

make-up, m

3/day

Treated wastewater

reused, m

3/day

Evaporation/other losses

m3/day

Wastewater to ETP, m

3/day

Board Machine and SFT 2800 2900 1100 4600

Paper Machine (P&W) 6000 -- 720 3280

Pulp Mill 6000 -- 6000

Chemical recovery plant 4000 -- 880 3120

Power Plant 1200 800 1200 800

Others 700 100 600 200

Total Plant (A) 20700 3800 4500 18000

3.2.6 Wastewater Treatment and Discharge

Existing effluent treatment plant will be upgraded to treat total paper/board machines

effluent. A new ETP will be installed to treat pulp mill and recovery effluents.

Combined treated water meeting to the discharge standards prescribed by

CPCB/SPCB, will be used for green development/irrigation. As the areas around

the plant are only with rain fed cultivation, farmers are expected to be benefited by

using the treated wastewater for irrigation, as is being practiced currently in the

Unit# 1 & 2. TNPL Unit 2 has already covered around 650 acres of land for green

development using existing treated wastewater.

Total area requirement of land for irrigation using total treated wastewater after MEP

of 16,000 m3/day will be 1100 acres. While the existing green belt/ green cover/

plantation area is 650 acres, additional 500 acres is proposed to be covered through

contract farming or formation of society by the surrounding farmers as is done in

Unit 1.


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3.2.7 Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Generation and Disposal

The expected solid wastes generation from proposed project will be ash from the

proposed FBC boiler, additional sludge from ETP and used lube oils. The details of

solid waste generation and quantities with disposal methods are given in the Table

7.

Table 7: Details of Solid Waste Generation and Disposal

S.No Source Quantity in tpd

Disposal Method Existing Post MEP

1 Boiler ash 80 120 TNPL‟s own cement mill operating at Kagithapuram, Karur as raw material.

2 Primary Clarifier sludge

30

60 Primary sludge will disposed to cardboard manufacturers

3 Secondary Clarifier sludge

10 Secondary sludge will be used as a manure for green cover development and irrigation

4 Used oil 0.03 0.06 Disposed to SPCB‟s authorised recyclers

3.3. Project Cost

Total investment for the installation of project is Rs 2100 Crores and about Rs.200

Crores is allocated towards pollution control equipment and implementation of

environmental pollution control measures.

4. DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT

As a part of EIA and in line with approved ToR, the primary baseline data monitoring

was carried out covered three (3) months i.e., from 8th June 2017 to 6th September

2017 and secondary data was collected from respective Government and other

authenticated sources. Summary of the baseline environmental study findings are

presented in the following subsections.

4.1. Site Specific Meteorological Conditions

The maximum mean ambient temperature observed during the study period is 40oC

and the minimum mean temperature is 23oC.The average hourly relative humidity

variation at site during the study period is 61%. The predominant wind direction

during the study period was from West and East. These readings are in line with

IMD long term data.

4.2. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Air quality monitoring at eight (8) locations was undertaken during the study period

as per the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) guidelines. The summary of the

average concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM10), particulate matter

(PM2.5), Sulphur dioxide (SOx) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NO2) are presented in Table 8.

The results of the monitored data indicate that the average concentrations of air

pollutants in the entire study area are within the NAAQ standards.


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Table 8: Summary of the Average Baseline Concentrations of Pollutants during the Study Period (8th June 2017 to 6th September 2017)

Code Location PM2.5

(µg/m3)

PM10 (µg/m

3)

SO2

(µg/m3)

NO2

(µg/m3)

Ozone (µg/m

3)

Ammonia (µg/m

3)

AAQ1 Existing Plant Site 35.1 73.1 6.3 18.8 21.0 23.9

AAQ2 Uthuppatti Village 28.4 61.5 5.3 17.5 21.4 23.8

AAQ3 Edayapatti Village 24.2 52.0 5.0 18.4 21.4 25.1

AAQ4 K.Periyapatty Village 22.5 48.1 4.5 15.5 19.0 22.5

AAQ5 Padhiripatti Village 23.5 52.1 3.9 12.5 20.9 23.7

AAQ6 K.Udayapatty Village 23.0 49.7 4.0 13.8 21.0 24.2

AAQ7 Chinna Reddypatti 31.0 65.5 6.0 18.1 22.9 26.5

AAQ8 Manapparai Town 34.2 72.3 7.8 22.4 25.3 25.7

NAAQ Standards 60 100 80 80 180 400

4.3. Water Environment

Since most of the rivers in study area are seasonal, no water was observed during

the study period. Hence, in order to assess the surface water quality of the study

area six samples from various lakes were and at various points around the project

site.

It is observed that pH of surface water around the project site is in the range of 6.6

to 7.6 which is neutral. The TDS levels in the surface water at various locations were

found to vary from 36 mg/L to 144 mg/L. The Total Hardness of the surface water

was found to be ranging from 17mg/l to 53 mg/l. The Fluoride concentration was

found to be in the range of 0.11 mg/l to 0.13 mg/l. The microbiological content as

total coliform was found to vary from <2 MPN/100ml at Inamkulathar Lake to 50

MPL/100ml at Samuthiram Lake. Heavy metal concentrations are below detectable

limit however traces of copper, nickel, zinc, manganese and aluminium were found

at all six lakes.

To assess the ground water quality of the study area, eight (8) ground water

sampling locations were selected. The pH of the ground water at eight locations

varied from 7.8 to 8.2 indicating that the water is alkaline. The Total Dissolved Solids

(TDS) was found to vary from 324 mg/L at plant site to 2716 at Manaparai Village.

The TDS value was higher than the permissible range of 2000 mg/L at Manaparai

Village. Similarly the hardness value was found to vary from 154 mg/L at Plant site

to 1368 mg/L at Manaparai Village and heavy metals were observed to be below

detectable limit


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4.4. Noise Level Survey

Average day time and night time noise levels at Village areas in the study area was

found to be varying from 50.0 to 59.2 dB(A) and 39.5 dB(A) to 47 dB(A) respectively.

At the existing plant site the average noise level was found to be 62.3 dB (A) for day

time and 55 dB (A) for night time. The observed values are complying with the

standards of Residential, Commercial and Industrial area except at Chinna

Reddypatti Village, as the village is near to the State Highway.

4.5. Soil Environment

Eight (8) locations within the 10 km radius around the study area were selected for

soil sampling. The texture of the soil is mostly sandy. The pH of the soil was

observed to be in the range of 7.3 to 8.1 indicating that soil is alkaline. Available

Nitrogen level in the soil was observed to be in the range of 64 mg/kg to 184 mg/kg

and available phosphorus level was observed to be in the range of 118 mg/kg to 314

mg/kg indicating the presence of medium level of nutrients. Calcium was found to

be in the range of 20 to 79 mg/kg and magnesium was found to be in the range of

12 to 49 mg/kg.

4.6. Flora and Fauna Studies

During the survey of the study area, 119 floral components were recorded. Out of

these, 78 floral species (66%) belongs to trees, 16 species (13%) belong to shrubs

and 25 species (21%) belongs to herbs category. Among the tree species Ailanthus

excelsa, Albizzia lebback, Alstonia scholaris, Borassus flabellifer, Dalbergia latifolia,

Melia azardirachta, Azardiraccta indica, Pongamia pinnata, Ziziphus muritiana, etc

are common species. The species like Calotropis procera, Jatropha curcus, Opuntia

stricta and Ricinus communis are common shrub species. Species like Ipomoea

aquatica are common along the waste and wet places. Among the herbs species

like Acalypha indica, Boerhavia diffusa, Bulbostylis barbata, Cenchrus ciliaris,

Croton bonplandianus, Datura metel are commonly seen. The floral components

which were recorded during survey are enumerated with their family, vernacular

names and habitat.

The sighting of bird species was very less during the study period. Nineteen

species of birds could be located in the study area during the survey. Common

myna, Cattle egret, Southern Indian roller, house crow, Little egret, Parakeet etc are

the frequently spotted in the area. All species except Pavo cristatus are under

schedule IV of the IW(P)L Act, 1972; however, the Indian Peafowl is listed under

schedule-I. Among the herpetofauna, amphibians were represented by Frogs &

toads. These are noticed restricted to open waste land and marshy areas. No tailed

amphibians were cited during the survey. Reptilian fauna was found comparatively

richer.


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4.7. Socio Economic Environment

The population in the study area is read using the 2011 census. The total

households in the study area ( identified thirty eight villages in 10 km radius) with a

total population of 4,40,681 in which 0 to 5 km radius the population is 72,551 and 5

to 10 km radius the population is 368130 respectively. In the study area, the main

occupation of the villagers is agriculture, labour work and small business of carving

items, painting, tailor etc. During the survey it was found that Mahatma Gandhi

National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (MGNREGA) work was in process

which guarantees 100 days of employment in a financial year to rural household, for

which villagers were paid Rs 259/- per day. Water scarcity in the villages was

observed and the villagers were found to be dependent on the rainwater and

Cauvery water supply scheme (WSS).

5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1. Impact during Construction Phase

Unlike Greenfield projects, the proposed project will be limited to minor construction

activities such as earth work, foundations and flooring etc. Most of the construction

phase activities would exhibit reversible and short term impacts which can be readily

controlled and mitigated through robust and scientifically designed construction

work-method statements as per the best engineering and management practices to

comply with the Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016 as

notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC).

5.2. Impact during Operation Phase

5.2.1. Impact on Land

The proposed project will be within the existing plant premises, hence, there will not

be any change in the land use pattern in the study area due to the proposed MEP.

5.2.2. Sources of Emissions and Associated Environmental Impacts and its control

The major source of pollutants envisaged during the post project scenario will be

Particulate Matter (PM), Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) from

the proposed coal fired boiler, chemical recovery boiler and Lime kiln. Non

Condensable Gases (NCG) such as H2S and Mercaptans from pulp mill operations

are also envisaged.

In order to assess the likely possible impacts on the background air quality, air

quality modeling exercise was undertaken as per the CPCB guidelines. Site specific

meteorological data collected at the site was adopted while predicting the 2nd

highest 24 hours average ground level concentrations of Particulate Matter, sulphur

dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. ISCST3 air quality modeling tool, an MoEF&CC

approved software, was used for predicting the ground level concentrations in the

study area.


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Hourly meteorological data collected from the site for the period 8th June 2017 to 7th

September 2017 has been adopted for modeling the 24-hours Ground Level

Concentrations (GLCs). The site specific mixing height data as obtained during the

EIA study of Greenfield project at TNPL unit 2 in the year 2014 were compared with

the IMD mixing heights Atlas, which were also considered for the modeling study.

5.2.3. Predicted Ground Level Concentration

The site specific meteorological information indicated that predominantly winds were

found to blow from west direction and hence the impact zone in the down wind

direction is located in the east direction.

The predicted cumulative 24 hours GLC of Particulate Matter (PM) in the study area

was reported to be in range of 48.15 μg/m3 to 73.1 μg/m3 which is within the

prescribed NAAQ standard of 100 µg/m3.

The predicted cumulative post project scenario of 24 hours average GLC of sulphur

dioxide in the study area was estimated to be in the range 3.9 μg/m3 to 10.4 μg/m3

µg/m3 which is within the prescribed NAAQ standard of 80 µg/m3.

The predicted 24 hours GLC of Oxides of Nitrogen in the study area was estimated

to be in the range 12.5 μg/m3 to 22.4 μg/m3 which are within the prescribed NAAQ

standard of 80 µg/m3.

Referring to the predicted GLC it can be observed that GLC levels of NOx are

concentrated towards Eastern side of the project site as the predominant wind blows

from West to East.

5.3. Fugitive Emissions and Associated Environmental Impacts

Fugitive emissions are defined as irregular and non point source emissions that

would be generated either from process operations or bulk material handling

facilities. In the current scenario, the proposed facility fugitive emissions may be

released due to handling of imported coal at the coal stock-yard. Extension of coal

handling plant for the proposed new boiler is envisaged with a dedicated water

sprinkling system along with proper enclosures to control the fugitive dust

emissions. Thus the envisaged fugitive coal dust emissions in the facility are

insignificant.

5.4. Non Condensable Gas (NCG) Emissions and Control

It is proposed to collect the HVLC and LVHC NCG gases separately which are

envisaged due to the proposed pulper operations by a NCG gas collection system

and burn it in the proposed rotary lime kiln within the main plant

5.5. Traffic Impact

At TNPL, Unit 2 the raw materials, finished products and coal are transported by

road in trucks and the same will be continued during the Post MEP. In order to


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assess the impact of traffic due to the proposed MEP, present traffic scenario in the

study area was assessed by evaluating the current traffic volume and also additional

traffic requirements due to the proposed MEP was estimated based on the inventory

as per the raw material requirement. Additional trucks of about 213 per day will be

envisaged during the Post MEP. Hence additional Passenger Car Unit (PCU) /hr

can easily be accommodated in the existing two roads namely State Highway (SH-

71) and National Highway (NH-45).

5.6. Noise Emissions and Control

The major noise emitting sources at the proposed project site are power steam

turbine, paper machine and chipper house. Enclosures will be provided to noise

sources in order to attenuate noise emissions from the source. Hence the noise

levels of 75 dB (A) can be expected from the source after reduction and the same

noise levels are used to predict the propagation of noise levels due to the proposed

power house (boiler and turbo generator) and paper machine. Whereas 85 dB (A) of

noise power level is considered from the chipper house.

5.7. Impacts on the Water Environment

The fresh water requirement for the proposed MEP will be around 20,700 m³/day.

Water drawl permission of 23,100 m3/day has been obtained by TNPL unit 2 from

the Public Works Department (PWD). Hence the additional water required for the

proposed MEP will be sourced from River Cauvery. The specific water consumption

will be maintained <25 m3/t per tonne of paper production post MEP. Recycling of

treated final wastewater will be increased from 1000 m3/day to 3800 m3/day in the

paper mill.

About 18,000 m3/day of treated wastewater will be generated during the post project

scenario out of which 1800 m3/day will be recycled, 200 m3/day will be losses in ETP

and balance 16,000 m3/day of treated wastewater will be discharged for green belt/

cover and irrigation purpose.

From the baseline studies it was concluded that soil type in the study area of the

project site is mostly sandy. Although sandy soil demands more water for irrigation

as per the Indian Council for Agriculture Research1, the daily water application rate

is considered as 35 m3/ha/day for the calculation of requirement of land for irrigation.

Therefore total area requirement of land for irrigation using total treated wastewater

after MEP of 16,000 m3/day will be 1100 acres. TNPL Unit 2 has already covered

650 acres of land for green development using existing treated wastewater. While

the existing green belt/ green cover/ plantation area is 650 acres, additional 500

acres is proposed to be through contract farming or formation of society by the

surrounding farmers as is done in Unit 1.

1 Handbook of Agriculture- Indian Council for Agriculture Research,2012


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As the areas around the plant are only with rain fed cultivation, farmers are expected

to be benefited by using the treated wastewater for irrigation, as is being practised

currently in the Unit # 1.

5.8. Soil and Groundwater Quality Related Impacts

While computing for ground water quality modeling, the worst case scenario was

considered for Low rainfall, natural recharge and high TDS value (2100 mg/L as per

the maximum permissible discharge standard).

Based on the above values the model was computed for 10 year period. The highest

predicted TDS value was found to be 1000 mg/L in the project site and the lowest

predicted value is 750 mg/L near the project site.

The induced recharge such as Ground water Recharge within the project area using

the surface run off generated from different surfaces and Artificial recharge of

ground water around the project site would improve the ground water quality.

The above indicate that there will be no adverse effect on ground water scenario

after the project .

5.9. Impact of Solid Waste

The expected solid wastes generation from proposed project includes ash from

boiler, additional sludge from ETP and lube oils. Fly ash generated from the boiler

will be stored in silos and will be disposed to cement manufacturing plant of TNPL

Kagithapuram, District Karur, Tamil Nadu. Fibre Sludge from the Primary Clarifier of

the ETP will be subjected to decanting and disposed to small cardboard

manufacturers as raw material. Secondary Sludge from Sludge Drying Bed will be

used as manure for Green Cover. The existing facility has obtained necessary

authorization from TNPCB for the collection, storage and disposal of hazardous

waste. MoU for the disposal of additional sludge and used oil during the proposed

MEP will be obtained.

5.10. Impacts on Ecological and Biological Environment

Any significant impact on the biodiversity of the area due to this proposed expansion

project is not anticipated as the TNPL unit II (total land 874.46 Acres), has sufficient

area to expand. No extra land is required for its expansion. Total area of the plant is

also well fenced by high rise boundary walls, not allowing any wildlife to enter within

the plant premises. The current facility has fully developed the green belt (650

Acres) in its premises to control the adverse impact of fugitive dust, noise and

aesthetics of the area, which usually have impact on the biodiversity. More than six

lakhs (6,01,364) plants from 79 species of horticultural importance have been

already planted till 2016. This has increased the biodiversity of the area up to a

greater extent by inviting not only many species of avifauna but many species of

vertebrates and invertebrates.


Executive Summary

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The present running plant has no significant impact on surrounding ecology and

biodiversity as pollution control equipments are of adequate efficiency, proper stack

height has been maintained and thick green belt has been developed in and around

the plant boundary which attenuates the noise & further improves the flora at site.

Besides above, no waste water from paper plant is being discharged outside the

plant premises; wastewater generated from the plant is being treated in ETP &

treated water is being utilized for greenbelt development/land irrigation and dust

suppression. The same will be maintained for proposed capacity enhancement.

Thus, no significant impact on biological environment is anticipated as a result of

proposed capacity enhancement project as effective management plan will be

implemented by TNPL.

5.11. Socio-economic Impact

Due to the proposed project there is no additional land required and the project is to

be developed within the existing site premises. Therefore Rehabilitation and

Resettlement process will not be applicable under “The Right to Fair Compensation

and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013”.

By extension of the proposed project, employment opportunities will be enhanced

and migration can be checked. The project will create direct employment to about

400 persons. In addition it would generate indirect employment to about 1000

persons in the industries and service organizations and material handling, etc.,

which will be supported by the operations of the mill.

6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.1. Environmental Management during Construction Phase

The impacts during the construction phase on the environment would be

basically transient in nature and are expected to reduce gradually to localised

phenomena, except the permanent change in local landscape and land use pattern

of the Mill site.

6.2. Air Quality Management during operation phase

The existing facility has implemented various air quality management programs and

the stack emission test reports of TNPCB and external testing agency confirmed

that emissions were found to comply within stipulated standards. The following

environmental management plan will be adopted under proposed expansion plan:

Due to utilization of the high calorific imported coal with sulphur content less

than 1%, the specific SO2 emission rate from the proposed facility will be two

to three times lower than that of the conventional co-generation power plants

that are operated on Indian coal.


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Prepared by & ES-20

Dedicated Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) will be installed for control of

Particulate Matter (PM) emissions from the proposed boiler in the captive

power plant. ESP will be designed to achieve emission norms of 30 mg/Nm3

as per MoEF&CC December 2015 regulations

A dry limestone/ lime sludge injection system shall be installed to meet the

SO2 emissions from boiler. Lime stone demand will be about 4 T/T of SO2

emissions from the facility and additional fly ash to the tune of 3 T/T of

SO2 will be generated from the proposed power boiler,

A 100 m tall stack will be installed to disperse the stack gases as per the

minimum stack height norms. The predicted ground level concentrations will

be complying with the NAAQ Standards

Stacks of height 90 m and 50 m (minimum) will be installed for chemical

recovery boiler and lime kiln respectively as per the minimum stack height

norms.

Like the existing boiler, continuous online stack emission monitoring unit will

be installed to monitor Particulate Matter, SO2 and NOx emissions for the

proposed boiler.

Existing Closed belt conveyors will be extended up to the new boiler for

controlling fugitive emissions

Adequately designed greenbelt is developed for further control the fugitive

emissions

6.2.1. Management of Non Condensable Gases (NCG) Emission

As a part of MEP it is proposed to install ECF Chemical Wood Pulp Mill which

consists of cooking process. Hence the following control measures and

management plan will be adopted for the control of NCG gases generated during

the Post MEP.

i. Emissions from digester relief and digester pulp discharge tanks will be

connected to water striping in the scrubber and the non-condensable gases will

be fired in the lime kiln.

ii. Emissions from digester tank and relief tanks will be connected to lime kiln

iii. Emissions from evaporator condenser, will be connected to lime kiln

iv. Vents from bleaching tanks will be connected to an alkali scrubber

Thus the NCGs and Mercaptans formed at the pulp mill section digesters, blow tank

systems and evaporators will be collected and burnt in Rotary Lime Kiln. H2S

emission testing will be carried out in the proposed limekiln stack on periodically

during Post MEP.


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6.3. Wastewater Management

Fresh Water for the proposed MEP will be sourced from River Cauvery through

collector wells with the permission already obtained from State Government. Water

reuse and recycling will be carried out in the plant to maintain water consumption

less than 25 m3/t of Paper.

Total estimated wastewater quantity from the facility will be in the order of 18,000

m3/day during the post project scenario. It is proposed to augment the existing ETP

to accommodate the additional wastewater to be generated from the expansion

activities. The existing wastewater treatment plant can handle 9,000 m3/day of

wastewater. It is proposed to augment the existing ETP to treat 12,000 m3/day

board machine/ paper machine effluents. A separate ETP for treating wastewater

from hardwood pulp mill, chemical recovery and power plant effluents with a

capacity of 15,000 m3/day is proposed to be installed. After MEP Project, total ETP

capacity shall be 27,000 m3/day for handling wastewater from existing operations

and proposed project operations.

After utilization of considerable quantity of treated wastewater in the plant, the

excess, unutilized treated wastewater will be used for irrigation/greenbelt/green

cover development. Combined treated wastewater will be complying with the

discharge standards prescribed by CPCB/SPCB for discharge for irrigation. As the

areas around the plant are only with rain fed cultivation, farmers are expected to be

benefited by using the treated wastewater for irrigation, as is being practised

currently in the Unit # 1. TNPL Unit 2 has already covered 650 acres of land for

green development using existing treated wastewater.

6.4. Solid Waste Management

Solid waste generated from the plant are additional ash from proposed power boiler,

additional sludge from ETP and used lube oils. Fly ash generated from the proposed

boiler will be stored in silos and will be disposed to cement manufacturing plant of

TNPL Kagithapuram, District Karur, Tamil Nadu.

Fibre Sludge from the Primary Clarifier of the ETP will be subjected to decanting and

disposed to cardboard manufactures as raw material. Secondary Sludge from

Sludge Drying Bed will be composted and used as manure for Green Cover.

6.5. Ecology and Biodiversity Management Plan

As the new equipment for capacity enhancement project is proposed to be located

within the existing mill premises, no effect on vegetation is anticipated. Similarly,

there will not be any impact on the aquatic ecology as there are no aquatic bodies in

the plant site. A comprehensive greenbelt programme, which is already in place,

shall improve the ecological condition.

Green belt has already been developed in and around the Plant premises in about

650 Acres land. A sum of about six lakhs plants belonging to 79 species have been


Executive Summary

Prepared by & ES-22

planted among them species like Ficus, Eucalyptus, Neem, Ashok, Citrus, Coconut,

Artocarpus, Dalbergia, Melia, Pongamia, Syzygium etc. are some of them. Currently

TNPL has completed the plantation programme and in future it shall be maintained

to achieve proper development.

6.6. Captive Plantations

Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited are committed to achieving quality and

excellence in the sphere of plantation by adopting superior technologies of plant

sciences and develop renewable and sustainable pulpwood plantations through

innovative methods of tree farming in degraded wasteland thereby conserving the

natural forest.

Under Captive Plantation Scheme, TNPL enters into a MoU with land owners for

establishment of plantation in their land either on lease rental or on gross revenue

sharing basis. As per the MoU, TNPL make all the expenditures right from land

development, planting, maintenance to harvesting.

6.7. Community Development Plan under CSR Programs

As per TNPL„s CSR policy, TNPL Unit-II has taken up community welfare activities

for the benefit of people living in nearby Panchayats such as Mondipatti,

K.Periyapatti and Chithanatham. In addition, need based activities are also be

carried out by Unit-II, on public request. TNPL has spent Rs.504.99 lakhs against

the allocated budget of Rs.500 lakhs for the year 2016-2017.

Need based CSR plan is developed based on the socio economic indicators, field

observations and based on the needs of the people assessed during the primary

survey. The need based CSR programs are proposed for the villages adjacent to the

project site. In addition to the existing CSR activities carried out by the company

additional support to be given to the proposed needs.

6.8. Budgetary Cost Estimates for Environmental Management

The estimated total cost of the proposed project is Rs.2100. Crores. Under the

project, an estimated investment of about Rs.200 crores is allocated towards

pollution control equipment and implementation of environmental pollution control

measures.

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1. Public Hearing

This document is submitted for undertaking Public Hearing as per EIA notification &

its amendment.

7.2. Risk Assessment Study and Risk Mitigation measures

According to the standard ToR items 7(xiii) and 8 (i to iv) of the Terms of Reference

(ToR) issued for the project, preliminary hazard identification and risk assessment


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was undertaken to quantify the possible fire and occupational health risks

associated with the operation of the project at the designated location. The good

engineering practices suggested by the Central Pollution Control Board for risk

assessment in industries (CPCB document Probes/133/2009-10) and CPR-18E risk

assessment procedures' guidelines which are widely accepted by the Ministry of

Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) India, have been adopted

while assessing the residual risks associated with the operations of the project with

specific reference to fire hazards, chemical exposure hazards, occupational hazards

and natural hazards

7.3. Fire Hazards

The proposed project does not handle any major flammable materials except

furnace oil for the operation of Recovery boiler and kiln. The raw materials such as

ready pulp do not fall under fire hazard goods classification. The project will be

handling significant quantities of coal which is a combustible material. Apart from the

above, small quantities of combustible materials such as lube oils,latex and

synthetic thickeners will be used in the Mill, which will be received in sealed drums

and will be stored at dedicated locations in the stores as per the National Building

Codes.

In order to assess the heat radiation from the pool fire scenario of accidental spills

from furnace oil (full bore rupture of the storage tank), consequence modeling was

undertaken using ALOHA software, which is recommended by Ministry of

Environment and Forests, India. It was inferred from the model heat radiation

contours with 2 kW/m2 would occur within 20 m from furnace oil tank which is within

the facility boundary and hence the overall impacts due to any fire accidents will be

less significant.

7.4. Risks due to Storage and Handling of Coal and Risk Control Measures

Although coal fires are infrequent, there is a possibility of coal fires at the coal stock

yards during the summer conditions due to burning of volatile compounds. Coal

stock yard fires can be avoided by providing proper stacking design to prevent air

movement inside the coal lumps, minimising the duration of coal storage at the site

and water sprinkling operations to maintain adequate moisture.

7.5. Occupational Health and Noise Management Plan

The major noise generating sources are paper machine, vacuum pumps, air

compressors, chippers and turbo generators. TNPL will be procuring all the relevant

noise prone equipment with guaranteed noise levels less than 85 dBA at one (1)

metre distance from the respective machines/equipment. The predicted noise levels

indicate that additional noise emissions from the proposed project is insignificant

and well within the standards prescribed by the CPCB.

TNPL has full fledged Occupational Health Centre within the mill premises. OHC is

manned by a qualified one Medical Officer supported with 3 paramedical staffs. The


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hospital has an ambulance which is equipped with oxygen cylinder and other

emergency items and manned by trained drivers as per the Factories Rules, Rule

88N.

8. PROJECT BENEFITS

As per TNPL‟s CSR policy, TNPL Unit-II is taking up community welfare activities for

the benefit of people living in nearby Panchayats such as Mondipatti, K.Periyapatti

and Chithanatham. In addition, need based activities are also carried out by Unit-II,

on public request.

Infrastructure / amenities available near the plant will be assessed based on the

need based survey and will be taken up under CSR scheme for development.

The project will create direct employment to about 400 persons. In addition it would

generate indirect employment to about 1000 persons in the industries and service

organizations and material handling, etc., which will be supported by the operations

of the mill.

The project is likely to generate income to the state by way of Goods and Service

Tax (GST) to the tune of Rs 20 crores per annum and by way of income tax to the

tune of Rs. 100 crores per annum.

As per Corporate Policy, TNPL will earmark budget and spend towards CSR and will

follow the policy by spending more on CSR activities in the region, benefiting local

people

9. CONCLUSIONS

Based on the findings of the detailed air quality modelling exercise, it has

been inferred that the resultant cumulative concentration at around 10 Kms

radius distance from proposed MEP project will comply with the NAAQ

Standards

Full fledged wastewater treatment facilities and high efficiency Electrostatic

Precipitators (ESP) and other pollution abatement measures will result in

minimising the adverse impacts on the environment.

In addition to the existing pollution control systems and environmental

management program of the existing facility it is proposed to invest

additionally about Rs.200 crores towards various pollution control and

environmental management programs under the MEP project

The management of TNPL has spent about Rs.3.69 crores and Rs.5 crores

on various CSR activities in the region during the year 2015-16 and 2016-17

respectively.As a continued support for the CSR activities, the management

of TNPL has proposed to spend about Rs. 10.5 Crores in the next five years


Executive Summary

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for various CSR activities in the study area with a focused approach on

education, health, and disaster relief

The project will create direct employment to about 400 persons. In addition it

would generate indirect employment to about 1000 persons in the industries

and service organizations and material handling, etc., which will be

supported by the operations of the mill.

This project will have significant beneficial effects in terms of growth and

development of the regional economy.

The project will also pave way for additional growth of ancillary industries in

the region, which will not only increase the employment potential but also

further strengthen the economic base of the region.

The proposed project is structured to be in line with the requirements of

MoEF&CC/CPCB/ TNPCB

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