MILLENIUM MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS DEVELOPMENT GOALS

20082008

GOAL #3 : PROMOTE GENDER GOAL #3 : PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER

WOMENWOMEN

THE THE GOAL: GOAL: The United

Nations aim at promoting

gender equality and

empowering women in

underdeveloped countries.

HOW?HOW?The first step is to eliminate gender

disparity in education.

A GRAPH FOR PRIMARY A GRAPH FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL:SCHOOL:

82

84

86

88

90

92

94

1990/1991 2000/2001 2005/2006

[Girls per 100 Boys]

This graph represents (in

developed regions) girls’ primary school enrolment in relation

to boys’ between 1990 and 2006.As you can see, girls’ primary school enrolment has increased in all

developing countries.

THE BIGGEST AND THE THE BIGGEST AND THE SMALLEST PROGRESS:SMALLEST PROGRESS:

Southern Africa has made the biggest progress in gender parity, while Oceania

and Western Asia have the largest gender gaps.

WHY THE DROPOUT?WHY THE DROPOUT?There are several reasons why children fail to

enrol or stay in school:

• DroughtDrought

• Food shortage Food shortage

• WarsWars

• Child labourChild labour

• Diseases (AIDS) Diseases (AIDS)

A GRAPH FOR SECONDARY A GRAPH FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL:SCHOOL:

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1990/1991 2000/2001 2005/2006

Latin America & the Caribbean

Developed regions

[Girls per 100 Boys]

This graph represents girls’ secondary school

enrolment in relation to boys’

between 1990 and 2006.As we can see, in

some countries girl’s secondary

enrolment surpasses that of

boys: that because many boys leave

school to look for a job.

GOALS TO BE ACHIEVED WILL GOALS TO BE ACHIEVED WILL INCREASE EDUCATION FOR GIRLS:INCREASE EDUCATION FOR GIRLS:

• In rich areas school attendance of boys and girls is nearly equal (as we can see in European schools there are no differences between the number of male students and female students)

1. PROMOTE LATER MARRIAGE1. PROMOTE LATER MARRIAGE

•In the poor areas of the world we must help and encourage girls to stay at school. To solve this problem

schools have to:

2. PROVIDE SCHOOL MEALS2. PROVIDE SCHOOL MEALS

3. ENSURE A SAFE SCHOOL ENVIROMENT3. ENSURE A SAFE SCHOOL ENVIROMENT

4. BUILD SEPARATE HYGIENICAL SERVICES4. BUILD SEPARATE HYGIENICAL SERVICES

JOB OPPORTUNITIES OPENJOB OPPORTUNITIES OPEN UP, UP, BUT WOMEN OFTEN REMAIN BUT WOMEN OFTEN REMAIN

TAPPED IN ENSECURE, LOW-PAID TAPPED IN ENSECURE, LOW-PAID POSITIONS:POSITIONS:

• Today women occupy almost 40% of all paid work.

• 2/3 of women in the developing countries have unsteady or low paid jobs.

• In South-Asia and Central Africa 80% of women work in this unfortunate positions.

• Well-educated women have advanced their position and the number of female managers is

increasing. Unfortunately most women keep a low-Unfortunately most women keep a low-status, because there is still a barrier for status, because there is still a barrier for them to reach top managing positions.them to reach top managing positions.

• In the government sector women have reached equally safe positions and benefits.

WOMEN IN THE WOMEN IN THE GOVERNMENT SECTOR:GOVERNMENT SECTOR:

Anyway in most cases they have Anyway in most cases they have reached high positions only at reached high positions only at the local level rather than the local level rather than

in central governments. in central governments.

Losa Mattia, Ferrario Bruno, Losa Mattia, Ferrario Bruno, Nieddu Ilenia e Bertolazzi Nieddu Ilenia e Bertolazzi Marco.Marco.

Istituto E. Fermi –Castellanza-Istituto E. Fermi –Castellanza-

Cl. V IGEA a.s.: 2008/2009 Cl. V IGEA a.s.: 2008/2009