MITOSIS

animation

Mitosis Vocabulary

• Gene– a segment of DNA that codes for

a protein or RNA molecule. • Chromosome– structure made of DNA and

proteins on which genes are located

• Chromatin– long and thin- genetic material in

the nucleus during interphase

• Chromatids– A shortened and condensed

chromosome. Appears during mitosis and meiosis.

• Sister Chromatids– 2 identical chromatids joined by a

centromere• Centromere– The place at which sister chromatids

are attached• Karyotype– a display of all chromosomes arranged

according the size, centromere location, and banding pattern.

• Homologous Chromosomes-– chromosomes that carry genes for the same

traits in the same position along the chromosome

• Diploid– When a cell contains two sets of chromosomes

(2n)• Haploid

– When a cell, such as a gamete, contains one set of chromosomes (n)

• Fertilization– The union of an egg and a sperm – (n + n = 2n)

• Zygote– The fusion of 2 gametes-- a fertilized egg cell

(the first cell of a new individual)• Gametes

– an organisms reproductive cells, such as sperm or egg cells (contain half the number of chromosomes)

Mitosis

• nuclear division• the same number of chromosomes are

distributed into each nucleus. • The chromosome # in the original cells and

the resulting cells stays the same…WHY???• animation