Mobile UIs

First Mobile Radio Telephone1924

Courtesy of Rich Howard

Mobile UIs

Video Games Palm Pilots, etc Mobile Phones Audio Players

High Tech Product Design

The Personal Health Ecosystem

Environmental Sensors

Sensor Appliance

Installed Infrastructure

Wearable Components

Healthcare Provider

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The Smile Phone & Web-i-Phone

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Why Important?

Now: Handheld = Mobile = Cell Phone Old: PDA = Personal Digital Assistant

Big numbers of mobile phones About 11% are Smart phones “Mobile phones are rapidly becoming the preferred

means of personal communication, creating the world's largest consumer electronics industry.”

More mobile devices purchased last year than PCs and cars combined!

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mCommerce Importance Nielsen: “Mobile access will be the third

‘killer app’ for the Internet, after email and web browsing” “Anyone, anytime, anywhere, connected”

Mobile Devices as “Life Accessories” --Panu Korhonen, Usability Group Lead, Nokia

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OS Statistics

Android now (11/2010) runs 32% of smart-phones, whereas Apple’s iPhone has only 25% of the market and the BlackBerry has 26%, according to Nielsen, a market research firm.

Apple is set to sell some 15m iPads by the end of the year.

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First Generation Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS)

US trials 1978; deployed in Japan (’79) & US (’83) Still widely used in US and many parts of the

world Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT)

Sweden, Norway, Demark & Finland Launched 1981; now largely retired

Total Access Communications System (TACS) British design; similar to AMPS; deployed 1985 Some TACS-900 systems still in use in Europe

Second Generation — 2G Digital systems Leverage technology to increase capacity

Speech compression; digital signal processing Utilize/extend “Intelligent Network” concepts Add new services There are a wide diversity of 2G systems

IS-54/ IS-136 North American TDMA; PDC (Japan) iDEN DECT and PHS IS-95 CDMA (cdmaOne) GSM

GSM

« Groupe Special Mobile », later changed to « Global System for Mobile » Joint European effort beginning in 1982

Services launched 1991GSM is dominant world standard

today Well defined interfaces; many

competitors Tri-band GSM phone can roam the

world today

No GSM coverage

GSM coverage

The GSM Footprint

3G Vision

Universal global roamingMultimedia (voice, data & video)Increased data rates

384 kbps while moving 2 Mbps when stationary at specific

locations Increased capacity (more spectrally

efficient)

CDMA

GSM

TDMA

PHS (IP-Based)

64 Kbps

GPRS

115 Kbps

CDMA 1xRTT

144 Kbps

EDGE

384 Kbps

cdma20001X-EV-DV

Over 2.4 Mbps

W-CDMA (UMTS)

Up to 2 Mbps

2G2.5G

2.75G 3G

1992 - 2000+2001+

2003+

1G

1984 - 1996+

2003 - 2004+

TACS

NMT

AMPS

GSM/GPRS

(Overlay) 115 Kbps

9.6 Kbps

9.6 Kbps

14.4 Kbps/ 64 Kbps

9.6 Kbps

PDC

Analog Voice

Digital Voice

Packet Data

IntermediateMultimedia

Multimedia

PHS

TD-SCDMA

2 Mbps?

9.6 Kbps

iDEN

(Overlay)

iDEN

Source: U.S. Bancorp Piper Jaffray

Migration To 3G

3G Services2MHz video telemedicine

conferencing Video on Mobiledemand TV

electronicInternet radio newspaper

Bandwidth pagingaudioconferencing messaging Mobile

radio

Faxvoice

1KHzbi-directional unidirectional Broadcast/

multicast

Who is first? – the customer; who is second? - No one

Why standards?

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Issues with Handheld Designs Must follow the device’s style guidelines

May depend on OS, Hardware and carrier Symbian, Nokia, Verizon

May be different hardware configurations Not with Apple iPhone – closed platform RIM’s Storm How many buttons? Windows Mobile has minimum requirements Android?

Characteristics

Small Low rez Limited graphics Limited computing Interactive

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Input methods

Input methods include: Touch screen and gestural input Trackball or trackpad Trackwheel Keyboard

Input methods Trackball or trackpad:

The trackball can move left, right, up, or down. Roll the trackball or slide a finger on the trackpad

to move the cursor. Click the trackball or trackpad to perform default

actions or open a context menu. Click the trackball or trackpad while pressing the

Shift key to select text, or select messages in a message list.

Input methodsKeyboard:

Smartphones have either a QWERTY keyboard or SureType® keyboard.

The QWERTY keyboard uses the same layout as standard desktop keyboards.

The SureType keyboard contains multiple letters on each key.

ScreensMenus:

You can create aFull menu, which includes all the actions

that users can perform in the application Context menu, or short menu, which

contains a list of the most common available actions that users can perform within the current context

Fields Fields provide standard UI elements for

controls: Buttons Check boxes Drop-down lists List boxes Option buttons Text fields Search fields Tree views

The importance of UI design for mobile applications

Best practices: Keep your application consistent with others, to take

advantage of user experience. Stay focused on the users’ immediate task. Display only the information and menu actions that users

need at the moment. Minimize the number of steps required to complete a

task. Allow users to change their minds and undo commands. Display information in a way that makes effective use of

the small screen.

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Windows PhoneUser tests identified Tahoma 10 bold as

best system font, but couldn’t be used because not enough content fit in the dialogs So used Tahoma 9

Novice users did better with keyboard, but experts preferred character recognizer

Symbian OS

Symbian OS background Symbian is a private independent company established in the

UK in June 1998 and is owned by Ericsson, Nokia, Panasonic, Psion, Samsung Electronics, Motorola, Siemens and Sony Ericsson.

Target Device and Market Symbian’s targeting market is the set of all handheld devices

that support basic voice communication, data networking communication, video and picture capability, combined audio, photograph transmission and voice transmission capability, etc.

© 2009 Research In Motion Limited

Push technology

Push applications send web content or other data to specific BlackBerry smartphones.

The push application automatically delivers the information as soon as it becomes available.

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Android

Linux-based open source mobile platform from Google. it is being developed by a number of leading manufacturers.

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Maemo

Nokia's latest operating system based on Linux. Powers the new Nokia N900.

Bada Developed by Samsung and due to be

powering their phones in 2010.