module 2.2 sistem unit

8/2/2019 Module 2.2 Sistem Unit

1/21

KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIAKEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

Self Access Learning ModuleSelf Access Learning Module

Computer HardwareComputer HardwareSystem UnitSystem Unit

PUSAT PERKEMBANGAN KURIKULUMKEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

ICT Literacy forICT Literacy forSecondary SchoolSecondary SchoolProgrammeProgramme


2/21

ICTL For Secondary School - HARDWARE Module

MODULE 3

SYSTEM UNIT

Curriculum Development CentreMinistry of Education Malaysia

1


3/21


1. Name of Module : System Unit

2. Learning Outcomes: Students should be able to:

a. identify the components of a system unit

b. state the functions of the main components of a system unit

c. state the functions of CPU, RAM, ROM and expansion slots found

on the motherboard

3. Knowledge and Skills

1. identify the main components in the computer system

4. Module Summary:At the end of the module, students should be

identify the main components of a system unit and motherboardstate the functions of the main components of a system unitstate the functions of CPU, RAM, ROM and expansion slots

This module contains 2 activities:

Activity 1 : Identify the components of a system unit

Activity 2 : Identify the components of a motherboard

Note :

As you are doing this module, use a computer in the lab to identify the components inthe system unit.

2


4/21


a. What is system unit?System unit is a box-like case that contains electronic components of the computer.

It is sometimes called chassis. Figure 1 shows a few examples of system unit.

3

Figure 1 Examples of System Unit


5/21


b. Inside view of system unit

4

Figure 2 Internal view of a System Unit


6/21


c. Front layer of a system unit

5

DVD-ROMdrive

CD-ROM/CD-RW drive

Zipdrive

Floppy diskdrive

Empty drivebay

PowerbuttonResetbutton

Figure 3 Front View of a System Unit


7/21


d. Input / Output port ( I/O port )

6

Keyboard

Telephonelinein

Gameport

Monitor

svideoout

Network

USB

Serialport

Microphone

Powerport

USB

Mouse

Speaker

Telephoneline out

FM

reception

Printer( Parallel

port )

CableTV

Figure 4 Back View of a System Unit


8/21


e. Functions of the main components of a system unit

No. Components Functions

1. Input / Output port (I/Oport)

A port is the point at which a peripheral attachesto a system unit so that the peripheral is able tosend data and receive information from the

computer.An external device, such as a keyboard, monitor,printer, mouse and microphone, that is attachedby a cable to a port on the system unit.

The back of the system unit contains so manyports. Some personal computers also have portson the front of the system unit.

Ports have different types of connectors. Aconnector joins a cable to a peripheral. One end

of a cable attaches to the connector on thesystem unit and the other end of the cableattaches to a connector on the peripheral.

2. Power button To turn the computer on

3. Reset button Restating the computer, instructs the computer to go through the process of shutting down,which would clear the memory and reset devices

to their initialized state. It simply removes powerimmediately.

4. Motherboard Main circuit board of the system unit, it has someelectronic components attached to it.

5. Power Supply Converts standard electrical power into a formthat, the computer can use. If a power supply isnot providing the necessary power, the computer

will not function properly.

6. DVD-ROM drive A device that reads DVD-ROM, audio CDs, CD-ROMSs, CD-Rs and CD-RWs.

7. CD-ROM drive A device that reads audio CDs, CD-ROMs, CD-

7


9/21


Rs and CD-RWs.

8. DVD/CD-RW drive A combination drive that reads DVD and CDmedia, and writes to CD-RW media.

9. Zip drive A high-capacity disk drive that reads from andwrites on a Zip disk.

10. Floppy drive A device that reads from and writes on a floppydisk

11. Hard disk drive A Type of storage device that contains one or

more inflexible, circular platters that store data,instructions and information.

Activity 2 : Identify the components of a motherboard

8


10/21


a. Components of a motherboard

The motherboard is the main circuit board of the system unit, it has some electronic

components attached to it. Figure 5 shows the components of a motherboard.

9

Expansionslots( look at figure 6 )

for RAM

Figure 5 Layout of a motherboard


11/21


Figure 6 Examples of Expansion Card and Expansion Slots

10

ExpansionCard

ExpansionSlots

U


12/21


b. Functions of the components of the motherboard


1. CentralProcessingUnit (CPU)

A Central Processing Unit or CPU is a microprocessor(processor for short). It is an integrated circuit chip that iscapable of processing electronic signals. The CPU is the mostimportant element in a computer system.

A CPU interprets instructions given by the software and carriesout those instructions by processing data and controlling the restof the computers component.

2. RandomAccessMemory (RAM)

RAM is installed inside computers. RAM is also known as aworking memory.

The data in RAM can be read (retrieved) or written (stored).

RAM is volatile which means the programmes and data in RAMare lost when the computer is powered off.

A computer uses RAM to hold temporary instructions and dataneeded to complete tasks. This enables the computer's CPU(Central Processing Unit) to access instructions and data stored

in the memory very quickly.

RAM stores data during and after processing.

3. Read OnlyMemory (ROM)

ROM is another type of memory permanently stored inside thecomputer.

ROM is non-volatile. It holds the programs and data when thecomputer is powered off.

Programmes in ROM have been pre-recorded. It can only bestored by the manufacturer; once it is done, it cannot bechanged.

Many complex functions, such as start up operating instructions,translators for high-level languages and operating systems areplaced in ROM memory.

11


13/21


All the contents in ROM can be accessed and read but cannotbe changed.

4. Expansion

Slots

Expansion slots are the sockets where the circuit boards or the

adapter cards can be inserted into the motherboard, such asvideo acceleration, sound or disk drive control.

12


14/21


Overview of the components of a system unit

13


15/21


System Unit

Exercise 1

Label the system unit below with the words given.

ExpansionCards

Power Supply Zip DriveHard Disk

DriveFloppy Drive

RAM Mother Board CD/DVD DriveExpansion

SlotsCPU Chip

14

Hard Disk Drive


16/21


Exercise 2

Look at the diagram carefully and match them to the name of the ports in the table usingnumbers. Write your answers in the number column as shown in Number 1.

15

NoLabel of the ports

1 Power port

USB port

VGA port (Monitor display)

Serial port (Modem)

PS2 port (Mouse)

Game port (Joystick)

Audio ports (speaker, headphoneand microphone)

Parallel port (printer port)

PS2 port (keyboard)

9


17/21


Exercise 3

Name the component parts of the motherboard. Write your answers in the boxes given.

16


18/21


Exercise 4

Mark T for statements that are True and F for statements that are False on thelines given.

1. The processor (CPU) interprets and carries out the basic instructionsthatoperate a computer.

2. Computers can use only one processor at a time.

3. ROM is the main circuit board of the system unit.

4. Expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can hold anadapter

card.

5. RAM is non-volatile

6. The most important chip on the main circuit board is themicroprocessor

chip.

7.Input / output port is the point at which a peripheral is attached to asystemunit so that the peripheral can send data to and receive

information fromthe computer.

8. Reset button is to start the computer.

9. A device that reads from and writes on a floppy disk is called a harddisk

drives.

10. Power supply converts standard electrical power into a form thatcomputer

can use.

17


19/21


Exercise 5

Fill in the blank with the correct name of components and functions.


1. Input/Output port(I/O port)

2. To start on computer

3. Reset button

4. Main circuit board of the system unit, which has someelectronic components attached to it and others built into it.

5. Convert standard electrical power into a form that computer can use.

6. DVD-ROM drive

7. CD-ROM drive

8. This drive also allows watching a DVD or burn a CD.

9. A high-capacity disk drive that reads from and writes on a Zipdisk.

10. Floppy drive

11. Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible,circular platters that stores data, instructions and information.

18


20/21


Exercise 6

Write the differences between primary storage RAM and ROM in the table given below.

RAM ROM

19


21/21


Reference

Cashman, S. (2006) Discovering Computers 2006. USA : Thomson CourseTechnology.

Ibrahim Ahmad, Mohd Hafiz et al (2007) Information and Communication Technology(ICT) Based on SPM Syllabus. Selangor: Venton Publishing (M) Sdn Bhd.

NCC Education (2002) Computer Studies, Computer Ace. Sri Lanka : ComputerPioneers.

IBasic Computing (2003) by TMEdu Tech (M) Sdn Bhd

http://www.wikipedia.org

http://images.search.yahoo.com

http://www.google.com.my

CD courseware ICT

module 2.2 sistem unit

Documents