module 6 the decision making skills of a manager colegio de san juan de letran management / human...

Module 6

The Decision Making Skills of a Manager

Colegio de San Juan de Letran

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Time Frame: 9th, 10th & 11th Week – 9 hours

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Module Outline:This module will discuss the following topics:


1. Introduction to Decision Making Skills of a Manager

2. Definition of Decision and Decision Making]

3. Steps in Decision Making Process

4. Common Problems and Critical Areas for Managers

5. Format and structure of a Written Case Analysis

6. Techniques and Pointers in Case Analysis

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Objectives:

At the end of this lesson students are expected to:


1. Outline the steps in the decision-making process

2. Explain why decision making is very important in organization

3. Explain the role that intuition plays in the decision making process.

4. Prepare a very good and reader friendly written case analysis.

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Food for the BRAIN

“Management in any form is prediction. We take a course of action with a prediction of the outcomes. Rational prediction requires theory and builds knowledge through systematic revision and extension of theory based on comparison of prediction with observation.”

- Deming


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Introduction

This module will be divided into three parts. Each part will be discussed for a week. The first part will be devoted for the introduction to the process of business case analysis, its common problem and critical areas for managers. The second part will be for the format and structures of the written case analysis. While the third part will be for the actual written case analysis. Students will be given the actual case for them to evaluate and analyze


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LOOK Ahead

A Manager Makes Decisions

Decision Making Activity:


1. What are the activities that you have done last week that requires 2 – 3 days or even weeks before deciding on them? WHY?

2. Name a problem that you have solved before. Then, write down the steps that you have followed in solving that particular problem.

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• What is a Decision?

Lesson Contents


Decision is a solution chosen from among alternatives. Decisions must be made when the supervisor is faced with a problem.

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Decision Making Process

Lesson Contents


Decision-making is a process of selecting one course of action from all the available alternatives to solve a problem. Since managers are continually confronted with opportunities and problems, they are supposed to constantly analyze the impact of different decisions that they have done and will be doing in the future for the entire organization.

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Lesson Contents

Type of Decisions1.Programmed

Decisions

2.Non-programmed decisions


Steps in

Decision-Making Process

1. Define the problem,

2. Identify decision criteria,

3. Develop alternatives,

4. Decide,

5. Implement the decision, and

6. Evaluate the decision.

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Schools of Thought on Decision Process

Lesson Contents


Analytical or systematic decision making is also called scientific decision making with a premise that problem solving can be reduced to a systematic selection process.

Intuitive decision making is based on the belief that decision making is an art since problem solving is largely intuitive and unconscious.

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Lesson Contents


Two dimensions that defines the approach to decision making, namely:

Way of thinking

Tolerance for ambiguity

Four Decision-Making Styles that defines a manager, namely:

Directive

Analytic

Conceptual

Behavioral

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Lesson Contents


Tools or Bases for Decision Making

The quantitative tools have four commonly used techniques, namely:

1. Linnear Programming

2. Monte Claro

3. Probability Theory

4. Gaming

The nonquantitative tools have four nonquantitative bases for decision making, namely:

1. Intuition

2. Facts

3. Experiences

4. Opinions

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Lesson Contents

The Business Case Analysis


FORMAT:

1. Summary of the Case (Executive Summary)

2. Statement of the Problems (Issue/s Identification)

3. Point of View

4. SWOT Analysis

5. Alternative Courses of Action

6. Recommendation

7. Answers to the questions asked after the case

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Mental FlexConnect the DOTS


Rule: In connecting the dots, students are not allowed to lift their pen from the paper. Only four lines will be used.

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Flash Review

Decision•Decision is a process of choosing one course of action from all the available alternatives. Since managers are continually confronted with opportunities and problems, they are supposed to constantly analyze the impact of different decisions that they have done and will be doing in the future for the entire organization.


Assignment 6


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Online Research/Classroom Activity

The students will be given research work about people who made unpopular decisions for the organizations, and yet, become the most celebrated in the history. Require them to present their work in the class for discussion. Other students will be assigned to ask questions about the presentation. The facilitator must guide the discussion so that students stick with the topic at hand, but also must give some degree of freedom to encourage creativity and imagination.


Looking Back (the final test) 6


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Review Questions: (10 points each)(Answer the following questions in two to three paragraphs by citing examples based in real life situation. Write your answer in yellow paper.)

1.Assuming that you are a senior and a highly-sought-after manager in your organization and you are about to make a decision for the entire organization, would your decision be influenced by input from your subordinates, or would it be based solely on objective data – seniority, for example? Why? 2.Can you identify some of the disadvantages of allowing the group to share in the decisions? Some disadvantages?


Cases 6


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A based-on-reality cases reflect the major theme of this module-lesson and help students refine their decision-making skills. The facilitator is expected to guide his students through out the case analysis.

Suggested Cases:

a. Atari’s Turmoil (Management by Jerry Kinard, Western Kentucky University)

b. American Can Company(Management by Jerry Kinard, Western Kentucky University)


End of Module 6

Thank You very much!


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You finished it on time.Congratulations!

6The Decision Making Skills of a Manager

module 6 the decision making skills of a manager colegio de san juan de letran management / human...

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