moles chapter 10. dimensional analysis example 1 what is the mass of 90 average-sized apples if a...
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MOLESChapter 10
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Dimensional Analysis
EXAMPLE 1• What is the mass of 90 average-sized apples
if a dozen apples has a mass of 2.0 kg?• 90 apples x 1 dozen apples x 2.0 kg apples = 15 kg apples 12 apples 1 dozen apples
All you need to know: Conversion factors The process
Given with unit x __________ x ___________
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EXAMPLE 2• If a bushel is a dozen apples and a dozen apples
has a mass of 2.0 kg, what is the mass of 0.5 bushel of apples?
0.5 bushel x dozen apples x 2.0 kg = 1.0 kg
1 bushel I dozenEXAMPLE 3• Assume 2.0 kg of apples is a dozen and that each
apple has 8 seeds. How many apple seeds are in 14 kg of apples?
14 kg x 1 dozen x 12 apples x 8 seeds = 672 seeds
2 kg 1 dozen 1 apple
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JUST HOW MUCH DO YOU HAVE?
• We measure the amount of something by using one of three different methods
by mass (bird seed) by count (screws) by volume (paint)
• Can you go from one to another?
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by MASS: Molar Mass• # of grams of an element in one mole of that element. – atomic mass of the element with the units of g/mol– Get it from the periodic table
Molar mass of compounds: – add the molar mass of every
atom present in the compound
You will use molar mass as a conversion factor to convert between grams and moles.
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Elements
CompoundsADD the molar mass
of every atom present in the compound
Find the molar mass on the periodic table round to 0.01 grams/mol
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If you know the MOLAR MASS … You can convert between grams and moles!
1 Mole
Mass
Volumeof gas at STP
Representative Particles
Molar mass (g/mol)
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By COUNT: Avogadro's NumberHow big is 6.02x1023?
602 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
• If you had Avogadro's number of un-popped popcorn kernels, and spread them across the United States of America, the country would be covered in popcorn to a depth of over 9 miles.
• If we were able to count atoms at the rate of 10 million per second, it would take about 2 billion years to count the atoms in one mole.
• A mole of coke cans would cover the surface of the earth to a depth of over 200 miles.
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If you know Avogadro’s number … You can convert between particles and moles!
1 Mole
Mass
Volumeof gas at STP
Representative Particles
Avogadro’s Number
6.02 x 10 23 Molar mass (g/mol)
Atoms – elementsFormula Units - ionic Molecules - covalent
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If you know Molar Volume… You can convert between Liters and moles!
1 Mole
Mass
Volumeof gas at STP
Representative Particles
Avogadro’s Number
6.02 x 10 23 Molar mass (g/mol)
Atoms – elementsFormula Units - ionic Molecules - covalent
22.4 L / mol @STP
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