Moon

Sun Planets

Asteroids

Nebulae

Galaxies

Meteors

Comets

Solar system!

Constellations

IndexIndex

Central Idea

Mans awareness of there universe and how its operation on a set of constant principles is growing.

Planets

• Mercury• Venus• Earth• Mars• Jupiter• Saturn • Uranus • Neptune

Pluto was supposed to be the last planet, but because it’s a dwarf planet it was chosen to be removed from the planets.

Pluto is also very far from the sun, which means its much colder.

Other meteors and rocks match Pluto, so that means its not special.

Mercury

• Mercury is the closest planet to the sun.

• Mercury is a hot and boiling planet.• Lava flows in this planet.• There is a temperature of 600 degrees

between the coldest spots and hottest spots on the planet.

Venus

• It’s the brightest of all planets.• 90% of the surface have volcanoes.• Venus spins slowly , retrograde ( west to east ) all the

time.

Earth• The Earth use to be hot and many active volcanoes were there till one day

many meteors hit the Earth's ground, it exploded and sent a massive amount of water from it. And that’s how we got the ocean.

• The water covers 70 % of the Earth surface. In other words two thirds.

• It has vast platues ( low lying, flat land. )• The Earth is the only planet with living organisms.

It is also known for its magnificent beauty.• It is the only planet with liquid water.

Mars• Mars has the largest canyon in the solar system. It would

reach from Los Angeles to Chicago if it was on Earth! • Mars has a very thin atmosphere, mostly carbon dioxide, but

dust storms can cover the whole planet for months at a time. • The planet has two moons, Deimos and Phobios. • About every two years the Earth and Mars come close

together

Jupiter

• Jupiter takes about 12 years to orbit the sun and rotates in about 10 hours. This short Jupiter "day" is amazing since the planet is roughly 11 Earth diameters wide.

• The planet had 39 known moons. • Unlike all the other rocky planets, Jupiter is a

ball of hydrogen, helium, nitrogen and other gasses.

• It has powerful winds.• There are winds, magnetic field, auroras and lightning on

the planet

Saturn

• It is know for its beautiful rings. The rings are made of ice.

• There are winds, magnetic field, auroras and lightning on the planet, similar to Jupiter.

Saturn

Uranus

• It has faint rings.• It is an icy planet.• It smaller than Jupiter.• It has a lot of moons.

Uranus

Neptune

• Neptune is the eighth planet in our solar system • Blue Neptune is a gas giant. Instead of being a rocky

planet it is a gas planet. Which means it has gasses like hydrogen, helium, and methane.

• The planet has faint (light) rings.• The methane gas on Neptune gives the planet

its blue color because the gas absorbs red light and reflects the blue back into space.

Neptune and its moon, Triton.

Moon• The moon was formed when asteroids and meteors crashed

together. It made a big ball in space.• The moon has many craters. ( holes )• The moon takes 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, 11.6 seconds to

go all the way around the Earth.• The Diamond Ring Just before the moon completely covers the sun, mountains on

the moon allow a bit of light to peek through creating this beautiful diamond ring effect.

Moon

Stars• Stars come in different sizes. Supergiant stars range from 100

to 1000 times the diameter of the sun and giants range from 10 to 100 times the diameter of the sun. Dwarf stars can be 1000 times smaller than the sun.

• Some stars are bigger than the sun.• Stars look small because they are in a distance.• Stars are gigantic balls of plasma ( a fireish ball. )• Stars can be galaxies away.

Stars

The sun

• The sun is mostly hydrogen with about 10% helium and other elements.

• It was first a shining light that was formed with lava soon it became our sun.

• The sun is bright.

Warning : Do not ever look at the sun directly without special eye protection. If you do you will be permanently blind.

The sun.

Special cameras were used to take this picture.

Asteroids

• Asteroids are made of rocky and/or iron-nickel material and most are found in an orbit between Mars and Jupiter. Most are pitted with impact craters and dust left from collisions with other objects in the solar system.

• When asteroids crash together they can form new asteroids.

The Asteroid Gaspra.

Galaxies

• A galaxy is like an island in space made up of gas, dust and millions of stars. Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, includes about a trillion (a thousand billion) stars in a disk shape.

Nebulae

• Gas and dust from star explosions and around star forming regions are called nebulae.

• The image at right is the Eagle Nebula in the constellation Aquila. You can see the darker clouds in the center look like a diving eagle. This emission nebula glows red because of hot hydrogen atoms.

Meteors (Shooting Stars)• Meteors, known also as shooting stars, are usually sized from

a grain of sand to about a softball. As the meteor enters the Earth's atmosphere it becomes very hot because of friction, just like when you rub your hands together.

• When the Earth enters a meteoroid stream left by a comet it produces a meteor shower. These showers can be predicted and come every year or so. They are named after the constellation that the meteors appear to be coming from.

Comets

• The name "comet" comes from the Greek meaning "long-haired" because of their tails. Chinese astronomers record several observations as well. Comets throughout history have been thought to bring bad luck but these are just natural items of the solar system.

• A comet is like a ball of rock and dirty snow. As these objects get close to the sun the frozen areas and dust begin to heat and cause a long tail of vaporized gases and dust start to flow behind them. As it melts a cloud of gases and dust forms a coma.

Constellations

• Many cultures told stories about hunters, warriors, queens and kings, birds, bears, horses, and other figures they saw in the sky. They used these myths to teach their history and how they saw their place in the universe.

• Constellations are when stars come together to make a shape.

Other information

• Olympus Mons, a 550 km wide volcano, is the largest volcano in the solar system and covers an area about the size of Arizona. It is 27 km high in contrast to Mt Everest on Earth at 8.85 km.

Information

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