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Mooreast MA7 Anchor: Development Process Of A New Anchor For The Offshore Mooring
Industry
Roderick Ruinen Mooreast Asia Pte Ltd
Contents Presentation • Introduction • Review of existing anchors and patents • Testing of scale models • Prototype testing • Structural verification
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Introduction
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Floating Oil & Gas
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Floating Renewable Energy
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Drag anchor development
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Drag anchor development
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• Anchor holding capacity (HC) increased over time: – Stone HC = 1 * Wanchor
– Stock anchor HC = 2 * Wanchor
– Flipper Delate / Stevin anchor HC = 20 * Wanchor
– FFTS / Stevpris HC = 50 to 100 * Wanchor
– Denla / Stevmanta (plate) HC = 100 to 175 * Wanchor
Drag anchor development
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Anchor design process I. Define the requirements
– Review of existing anchors – Review (anchor) patents – Feedback from industry
II. Define different anchor models III. Test scale models and compare results IV. Proceed with model? Else back to step II. V. Build prototype model for testing VI. Offshore testing of prototype VII. Proceed with prototype? Else back to step II. VIII. Structural analysis of final design
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Commercial offshore anchors Review of existing anchors
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Holding capacity Ultimate Holding Capacity (UHC)
12 mT MAG 12 mT Stevpris Mk5 12 mT Stevpris Mk6
very soft clay 484 mT 393 mT 512 mT
medium clay - 551 mT 716 mT
hard clay / sand 874 mT 708 mT 921 mT
Ultimate Holding Capacity (UHC)
12 mT MAG 12 mT Bruce FFTS Mk4 12 mT Bruce FFTS PM
very soft clay 484 mT 393 mT 562 mT
medium clay - - -
hard clay / sand 874 mT 485 mT 630 mT
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Commercial anchors
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Commercial anchors
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Commercial anchors
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Commercial yacht anchors Review of existing anchors
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Yacht Anchors
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Yacht anchors
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Yacht Anchors
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Review of (anchor) patents
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Patents
• Review of valid patents (technology can’t be used)
• Review of expired patents (technology can be used)
• Review of patent applications
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Patents
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Patents
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Requirements
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Requirements new anchor • Good penetration in hard soil, i.e. medium to dense sand and hard clays • Holding capacity similar (or higher) than that of the commercial anchors • Suitable for handling with a chaser • Stable on deck (when upside down) • Suitable for use in permanent and mobile moorings • Simple fabrication
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Definition and testing of scale models
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Models
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Reference model
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Test bed
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Testing
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Load
ach
ieve
d (k
g)
Drag Distance (mm)
Fluke Design #2
Fluke #2
Test results
Design Holding capacity [kg] Efficiency MA7#1 320 57.1 MA7#2 440 78.6 MA7#3 310 55.4 MA5P 250 41.7
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Wear pattern after testing
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Prototype selection
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Prototype selection
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Offshore Testing
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Prototype anchor
• Fabrication of ± 1500 kg prototype testing
• Testing offshore Singapore
• Test with AHV
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Location
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Procedure
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Sensor data
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Testing
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Testing
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Test results
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Structural design
DESIGN OF DRAG EMBEDMENT ANCHORS
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Anchor handling
• Modern AHVs are extremely powerfull: – High bollard pull applied
during anchor installation
– Large winches used during anchor recovery
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Anchor handling
• Mobile moorings: – Anchors deployed and
recovered using chaser system
– Mooring line in contact with anchor during recovery
– Over lifetime multiple installations
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Anchor handling
• Permanent moorings: – Anchors generally placed
carefully on seabed – Single installation during
lifetime – High installation loads
possible
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Structural design
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• The structural design must be sufficient to withstand: – The maximum holding capacity in the seabed (UPC) – Forces due to normal anchor handling, installation / recovery – Accidental situations, for example:
• Anchor stuck behind seabed obstruction • Pulling sidewards on the anchor • Dropping of the anchor
Structural design
• Carefull consideration must be given to the accidental loading conditions.
• It is not possible to predict all situations that will occur.
• It is not possible to design for all.
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Final steps • Structural analysis of MA7 anchor to be completed resulting in selection of
plate thicknesses • Final relationship between anchor size (weight) and holding capacity to be
defined • Documentation to be submitted for type approval. Before that time on a
case by case basis.
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The End
Questions?
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References • All pictures Mooreast Asia Pte Ltd / Mooreast Europe BV unless as stated below. • Page 4, top left, http://maritime-connector.com/wiki/platforms/ • Page 4, top right, http://maritime-connector.com/wiki/platforms/ • Page 4, bottom left, http://www.sci-chain.com/?page_id=234 • Page 4, bottom right, www.maritimeconnector.com • Page 5, top left, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating_wind_turbine#/media/File:Agucadoura_WindFloat_Prototype.jpg • Page 5, top right, Øyvind Hagen - Statoil AS • Page 5, bottom left, http://www.cenews.in/pelamis-wave-power/ • Page 5, bottom right, http://www.emec.org.uk/?attachment_id=5720 • Page 6, top left, http://nauticalarch.org/images2/gallery/main/photo_gallery1_31.jpg • Page 6, top right, Mojo Maritime Ltd • Page 6, bottom left, http://www.kolumbustours.com/images/Unterwater%20Museum/replica_of_16th_centurry_stock_anchor.JPG • Page 6, bottom right, http://www.cruisersforum.com/forums/f118/open-source-anchor-project-113732-16.html • Page 12, top left, http://www.sbmoffshore.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/SBMO-Glossary-_Original_2045.pdf • Page 12, top right, http://dcl-usa.com/category/product-line/anchors/ • Page 12, bottom left, www.bruceanchor.co.uk • Page 13, left, http://vryhof.com/products/anchor_data_acquisition.html • Page 13, right, http://www.bruceanchor.co.uk/products/ffts-gp/ • Page 14, top left, www.bruceanchor.co.uk • Page 14, top right, www.vryhof.com • Page 14, bottom left, www.bruceanchor.co.uk • Page 14, bottom right, www.vryhof.com • Page 16, http://billspringer.blogspot.nl/2011/03/which-anchor-holds-best-14-anchors-are.html?m=1 • Page 17, http://www.rocna.com/sites/default/files/RocnaBrochure2014.pdf • Page 18, http://www.anchorright.com.au/ • Page 43, http://www.marineinsight.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Anchor-Handling-Tug-Supply-Vessel.jpg?dc5353 • Page 44, https://www.flickr.com/photos/31540804@N08/2947414642 • Page 45, Christian Romberg • Page 47, http://www.gwec.co.uk/ports-and-terminals/139/buoy-moorings
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