moral development.pptx
TRANSCRIPT
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Moral Development
Group 9 :
RISKA AULIA 12218EVALIA BATUBARA 12196AGNES PERTIWI HERTIA 96516
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MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Moral development is concern rules and
conventions about what people should do in
their interactions with other people.
Reason or think
Behave
Feel
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Piaget (1932), observed and interviewed childrenfrom 4- 12 years.
Piaget concluded that children think in to two
distinct ways about morality1. Heteronomous morality
2. Autonomous morality
Moral thoughts
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Heteronomous Morality
The first stage of moral development
in Piagets theory, occurring from 4 to7 years of age. Justice and rules areconceived of as unchangeable
properties of the world, removed fromthe control of people.
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Autonomous morality
The second stage of moral developmentin Piagets theory, displayed by older
children ( about 10 years of age andolder). The child becomes aware thatrules and laws are created by people and
that, in judging an action, one shouldconsider the actors intention as well asthe consequences.
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Lets consider
Heteronomous thinker autonomist
1. judges the rightness and
goodness of behavior by
considering the sequence
of the behavior not the
actor2. Believes that rules are
unchangeable and are
handed down by all
powerful authorities3. Believes in immanent
justice, if a rule broken,
punishment will be meted
out immediately
1. The reverse, the actors
intentions assume paramount
importance.
2. Accept change and recognize
that rules are merely convenient,socially agreed upon
conventions, subject to change by
consensus
3. Recognize that punishment issocially mediated and occurs only
if a relevant person witnesses the
wrongdoing and that, even then
punishment s not inevitable
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Kohlbergs ideas
Believed that moral development isbased primarily on moral reasoning andunfolds in a series of stage.
He using a unique interview withchildren. Based in the answersinterviewees gave and other moraldilemma. Kohlberg believed that 3levels of moral, each of which ischaracterized by two stages internalization
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Kohlbergs level 1:Preconventional Reasoning
At this level, the child shows nointernalization of moral value moralreasoning is controlled by externalrewards and punishments
Stage 1: punishment and obediencedevelopment
Stage 2: individualism and purpose
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Continuous
Stage 1: punishment and obediencedevelopment
Moral thinking is based on punishment,children obey because adults tell them to obey
Stage 2: individualism and purpose
Moral thinking is based on reward and self
interest. Children obey if they want to obeyand when it is in their best interest to obey
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Kohlbergs Level 2: ConventionalReasoning
At this level, childrens internalizationis intermediate. The child abides by
certain standards (internal), but theyare the standards of others (external),such as parents or the laws of society
Stage 3: interpersonal normsStage 4 : social system morality
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Continuous
Stage 3: interpersonal norms
Children value trust, caring and loyalty
to others as the basis of moraljudgments
Stage 4 : social system morality
Moral judgment are based onunderstanding the social order, law,justice, duty
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Kohlbergs level 3: postconventional reasoning
At this level, morality is completelyinternalized and not based on otherstandards.
Stage 5: community rights versusindividual right
Stage 6: universal ethical principles
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Continuous
Stage 5: community rights versusindividual right
The person understand that values and
laws are relative and that standardsmay vary from one person to another
Stage 6: universal ethical principles
One has developed a moral standardbased on universal human rights