morphology (tutorial 4) woosh woosh woosh by team woosh
TRANSCRIPT
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Morphology (Tutorial 4)
WOOSH WOOSH WOOSH
By Team Woosh
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Question 1
Syllables ≠ Morphemes
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Syllables ≠ Morphemes Morphemes:
- Smallest unit of words that carries meaning or function Syllables:
- Rhythmic units of speech Limerick:
- Five line poem with strict rhyme scheme- Rhyme at first two lines with last and the third and fourth line- AABBA
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Syllables ≠ Morphemes
Hen VS Wren Beard VS Feared
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Syllables ≠ Morphemes
Hen- Syllables: Hen- Morphemes: Hen
Wren- Syllables: Wren- Morphemes: Wren
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Syllables ≠ Morphemes
Beard- Syllables: Beard- Morphemes: Beard
Feared- Syllables: Feared- Morphemes: Fear-ed
Feared
Fear -ed
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Question 3
Structural Ambiguity
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Structural Ambiguity• Structural Ambiguity
• More than one structure available for a complex expression• Eg. Unlockable
• Lexical Ambiguity• Multiple meanings of a single item• Eg. Bank Lexical
Ambiguity
Structural Ambiguity
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Structural Ambiguity
i) Unlockable: - not able to be locked
ii) Unlockable: - able to be unlocked
unlockable
un- -lockable
lock- -able
unlockable
unlock- -able
un- -lock
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Structural Ambiguity
unlockable
un- -lockable
lock- -able
unlockable
unlock- -able
un- -lock
BASE!
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Question 2
Morphological Trees
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Question 2a
Adj
unbelievable
un believable
believe able
Af
RootAf
Adj
Verb
* Unbelieve Unbearable Unsubscribe Unbolt
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Question 2b
industrialize ation
industry
lizeindustrial
ial
IndustrialzationBase
Adj
Base
Verb
Noun Root
Af
Af
Noun
Af
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Question 2c
Nuclear Physicist
nuclear physicistWord
physics ist
Base
Af
Adj
Noun
Noun
Noun
Root
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Question 2d
McCainiac
McCain iac
Noun
Noun
Root
Brainiac Maniac Insomniac Cardiac (Adj)
http://www.imakenews.com/lweaver/e_article001202442.cfm?x=bdhk3s9,b4wmV4K7,w
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Question 2eN-N Compounding
microwave ability
micro wave able ity
Noun
NounNoun
WordWord
AfAf RootRoot
AdjNoun
Microwavability
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Question 4a (a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta(h) akesaserareta(i) tabesasenai(j) tabenai(k) tabesaserareru
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Question 4a (a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta(h) akesaserareta
Past - ta
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Question 4a (a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai (k) tabesaserareru
“open” - ake “eat” - tabe
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Question 4a
(e) taberareta – ‘X was eaten’ (f) akerareta – ‘X was opened’ (g) tabesaserareta – ‘X was made to eat Y’
(h) akesaserareta – ‘X was made to open Y’
Passive Marker - rare
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Question 4a
Causative Marker - sase
(c) tabesaseta – ‘X made Y eat Z’ (d) akesaseta – ‘X made Y open Z’ (g) tabesaserareta – ‘X was made to eat Y’ (h) akesaserareta – ‘X was made to open Y’
(i) tabesasenai – ‘X doesn’t/won’t make Y eat Z’
(k) tabesaserareru – ‘X is/will be made to eat Y’
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Question 4a
Negative Marker - nai
(i) tabesasenai – ‘X doesn’t/won’t make Y eat Z’ (j) tabenai – ‘X doesn’t/won’t eat Z’
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Question 4a
Non-Past Marker - ru
(k) tabesaserareru – ‘X is/will be made to eat Y’
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Question 4b(i)Firstly, compare (a) to (k)
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai (k)tabesaserareru
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Question 4b(i)Firstly, compare (a) to (k)
Root (ake, tabe) is always the first in the verb
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta (e) taberareta (f) akerareta
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai (k)tabesaserareru
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Question 4b(i)
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta
(e) taberareta (f) akerareta (g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
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Question 4b(i)
(a) tabeta (b) aketa (c) tabesaseta (d) akesaseta
(e) taberareta (f) akerareta (g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
Past (ta) would always bein the last position
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Question 4b(i)
• Then (g) and (h)..
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
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Question 4b(i)
• Then (g) and (h)..
(g) tabesaserareta (h) akesaserareta
Sase: CausativeRare: Passive
Causative before Passive
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Question 4b(i)
• And finally, putting them together..
Root - FirstCausative - SecondPassive - ThirdPast - Last
Answer: Root, Causative, Passive, Past
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Question 4b(ii)
(k) tabesaserareru
Looking at (k),
Last – RUCausative would come before the non-past
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Question 4b(ii)
So, putting them together..
Root - FirstCausative - SecondNon-Past - Last
Answer: Root, Causative, Non-Past
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Question 4b(iii)
Looking at (I) and (j), (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai
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Question 4b(iii)
Looking at (I) and (j), (i) tabesasenai (j) tabenai
Negative is always lastHence causative between root and negative
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Question 4b(iii)
So, putting them together..
Root - FirstCausative - SecondNegative - Last
Answer: Root, Causative, Negative
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Question 4c(i)•
'(She) will make (him) open (them).'
RU SASE AKE
Answer: Akesaseru1st: Root (open)2nd:Causative (make)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past
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Question 4c(ii)
'(He) will be made to open (them).'
RU SASERARE AKE
Answer: Akesaserareru1st: Root (open)2nd:Causative (made to)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past
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Question 4d(i)
• Uketa = (She) took (a test)
Uke = Take Ta = Past
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Question 4d(i)
• '(She) was made to take (a test).'
TA SASERARE UKE
Answer: Ukesaserareta1st: Root (take)2nd:Causative (made)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past (was)
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Question 4d(ii)
'(She) makes (him) take (a test).'
SASERU UKE
Answer: Ukesaseru1st: Root (take)2nd:Causative (makes)3rd: Passive4th: Past/Non-Past
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Question 4d(iii)
'(She) will not take (a test).'
NAI UKE
Answer: Ukenai (?)
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