msw to power-experience in gujaratgasification2018.missionenergy.org/presentations/abellon_sandeep...

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MSW to Power-Experience in Gujarat

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Overview of Abellon

Why Waste to Energy?

Waste scenario in India

‒ Waste generation quantum in India

‒ MSW generation in major cities of India

Waste Management in India

‒ Past processing and disposal approach

‒ Waste management Hierarchy

‒ Global approach

‒ Advantages of Waste to Energy

Waste to Energy-Enabling framework

‒ Enabling Framework

‒ Environmental norms

The Gujarat Waste to Energy Framework

Contents

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9+ years experience

Unique R&D/Technology Development Skill

Highly capable, experienced and stable team

Abellon Group

Renewable Power:Biomass, MSW & Solar power generation and CHP models

Renewable Heat:Solid biofuels & equipment use for cooking, industrial heating, community heating & cooling

Agrisciences:Sustainable solutions for agriculture / agroforestry based on Genomics and other research

Promoter Background - Aditya Handa

Entrepreneur with over a decade of diversified experience of building businesses

MBA in Entrepreneurship from Babson College, USA, with passion for application of new technologies for sustainable development

Founding family member - Claris Lifesciences: One of India’s leading sterile injectables companies, with global presence across 90+ countries. Strong portfolio of products across critical care, nutrition, renal and oncology. Publicly listed since 2010.

Triple Bottom Line Approach:integrating sustainable development models, income and employment generation, no food-fodder-fuel conflict, and energy self reliance for the nation

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Self Sustaining, Evolving Business Model

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Global Presence

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Genesis of Abellon’s R&D DNA

Funding Agencies

DSIR, Government of India approved R&D Facility

Patents Filed : 20

Publications

Technical Publications : 19

Non-Technical Publications : 05

Manuscripts under Progress : 06

Global Collaborations

U.S. - India Consortium for Development of Sustainable Advanced Lignocellulosic Biofuel Systems

Indo-German Project for Intercropping of Banana & Sweet Sorghum in marginal lands of Gujarat

Collaborative Research Centre 1026 (CRC) Project, Germany

Indo-Canada Project for Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass into Value-added Chemicals & Liquid Fuels

Indo-UK Project for Design and development of Carbon Neutral Dual Fuel (Solid & Liquid fuel) burner device

R&D: An Integral Driver for Business

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Abellon is developing projects to process and dispose over 33% of MSW in Gujarat

Abellon-Portfolio

City

Waste Allotted

WTECapacity

TPD MW

Ahmedabad 1000 15

Surat 1000 15

Baroda 1000 15

Jamnagar 250 7.5

Rajkot 500 12.5

Total 3250 65.0

Proven capabilities in successful set up and management of Biomass Power and Solar Power generation projects

Co-gen Project Claris Lifesciences:1st biomass co-gen project to receive UNFCCC CDM approval in India (2006)

9.9 MW Biomass Project in Gujarat:

Operating successfully since 2014. UNFCCC CDM

approved project

5MW solar project at Modasa, Gujarat: Operating successfully since 2012. UNFCCC CDM approved project. Innovative, award winning solar-agro electric model

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Overview of Abellon








‒ Global approach






Contents

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Global consensus to limit average global warming to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial temperatures

India to cut emissions by 35%by 2030 from 2005 level

Ever increasing need to tackle poor waste management systems in India: 1,45,625 MT of MSW is generated daily

Only 21% of the Waste generated is processed i.e. 30581.46 MT/day

66.4 MW of WtE plants established all over India treating 4516 MT/day

Why Waste-to-Energy?

Actual Site Photograph at Ahmedabad

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Waste to Energy-Benefits

Technological benefits:• Volume of MSW reduced by 90%• It is widely accepted and globally supported technology • It is dominant waste disposal system in majority of countries

Environmental Benefits:• Controlled & continuous processing & disposal of Municipal Solid Waste in scientific manner• Advanced emission control system for treating of exhaust gases• No open storage of waste• Energy is recovered from waste and renewable power is generated• Landfill otherwise used for waste disposal diverted• Promoting resource utilization• No foul odour

Social Benefits:• Eliminates manual handling and segregation of waste• Eliminates exposure to MSW – improving health & hygiene, reducing spread of diseases.• Contributes in developing best practices in waste processing & disposal in Solid Waste Management

Other Benefits:• Promotes sustainable urban development – addressing the dual challenge of waste disposal and energy generation in urban

area

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Overview of Abellon








‒ Global approach






Contents

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Waste Generation in India

Total waste generation as on Nov’17: 53.16 MMT/Annum*

*Source: Reply to Lok Sabha Q. no. 2974

States MMT/AnnumBihar 0.44 Jharkhand 0.90 Odisha 0.90 West Bengal 3.17 Total 5.39

States MMT/AnnumDaman & Diu 0.01 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0.02 Goa 0.09 Gujarat 3.70 Maharashtra 8.24 Total 12.06

Others MMT/AnnumAndaman & Nicobar Islands 0.04 Puducherry UT 0.18 Total 0.22

States MMT/AnnumUttar Pradesh 5.66 Uttarakhand 0.51 Chhattisgarh 0.72 Madhya Pradesh 2.35 Total 9.23

States MMT/AnnumArunachal Pradesh 0.07 Assam 0.41 Manipur 0.06 Meghalaya 0.10 Mizoram 0.07 Nagaland 0.13 Tripura 0.15 Sikkim 0.03 Total 1.03

States MMT/AnnumAndhra Pradesh 2.38 Karnataka 3.65 Kerala 0.58 Tamil Nadu 5.68 Telangana 2.69 Total 14.97

States MMT/AnnumChandigarh UT 0.12 NCT of Delhi 3.83 Haryana 1.65 Himachal Pradesh 0.13 Jammu & Kashmir 0.65 Punjab 1.50 Rajasthan 2.37 Total 10.25

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MSW generation in major cities of India

Source: CPCB

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Overview of Abellon








‒ Global approach






Contents

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Collection Transportation Processing Disposal

Waste Management

ULBs focus primarily on collection & transportation infrastructure / cost.

ULBs have historically not considered processing & disposal cost / infrastructure

Lack of policy/framework for processing & disposal of waste

>75% of waste is dumped in open / unsanitary landfill sites.

open burning of waste, leachate generation, particulate matter, NOx, COx, methane generation, rag picking, spread of vector borne diseases and more…

Alarming Environmental, Public Health, and Social Issues

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Unsegregated WasteManual Segregation +

Mechanical Segregation

Products from WasteRDF

CompostRecyclables

Sale to Market

Batch Processing

Unhealthy working condition / human exposure to waste

Obsolete/crude technology

Not scalable

Technical Issues

Quality issues

(not possible to make standard

products as waste is not standard)

Revenue Uncertainty – no long-term

contracts

Products not viable to “consumers”

Seasonality of sale

Environment Compliance/Control

at End User

High moisture / mixed waste

Difficult to segregate

“Product” based processing/disposal projects have failed for large scale processing & disposal of waste

Technical, Environmental, and Financial issues

Past Processing & Disposal Approach

ULB provided Waste & Developers expected to recover processing & disposal cost by sale of products from waste

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Waste Management Hierarchy & Waste-to-Energy

Mixed MSWto Energy Recovery

Existing Scenario in India(without source segregation & recycling)

Future Best Practice (recognized globally)(with source segregation & recycling)

Waste-to-Energy is an integral part of waste management strategy and does not conflict with source segregation / recycling

Future

Residual Waste

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Global Approach

Unsegregated Waste

WasteHigh-Tech Incineration(controlled combustion

of waste)

Electricity Generation and/or

Steam Generation Sale to Utilities

Globally Proven Technology for mixed waste

Continuous Large Scale Processing

Stringent Environmental

Control

No human exposure to waste

ULB provides processing & disposal fee on per ton basis

to the waste processor

Supportive Policy & Regulatory Framework for electricity/steam generated from waste

Preferential tariff for sale of electricity

Revenue certainty due to long-term contract

Integration with District Heating / Cooling Systems for sale of steam to industry / commercial consumers

Bankable project structure

Waste-to-Energy: Technically, Environmentally, and Financially Proven For Large Scale Processing & Disposal of MSW

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Overview of Abellon








‒ Global approach






Contents

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National Tariff Policy 2016

Swachh Bharat Mission

• Ministry of Power amends National Tariff Policy -January 2016

• Mandatory Purchase of 100% power by DISCOM that is generated from WTE Projects

• Impetus on WTE and MSW management by Central Government

Enabling Framework

CERC Tariff for WTE

• CERC notifies WTE tariff and parameters October 2015

• Tariff of Rs. 7.04/KWh for incineration based WTE project

• Tariff of Rs. 7.90/KWh for RDF based WTE project

2015

October 2015

January 2016

Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016

• Defined roles, responsibilities and duties of all stakeholders

• MoUD to formulate policy and strategy on solid waste management including policy on waste to energy

• MoP to decide tariff for power generated by WTE and make power procurement from WTE compulsory for distribution companies

• Defined technical norms and reporting formats for Waste management and disposal

• Technical standards for mass incineration defined

January 2016

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WtE Environmental Norms

Sr. No. Parameters

INDIA EUROPE U.S.A.Top 10 WtE

plants performanc

e

MSW Rules 2000

MSW Rules 2016

EU 2000/76/EC DIRECTIVE

2010/75/EU

40 CFR Part 60[EPA–HQ–

OAR–2005–0117; FRL–

8164–9]

(mg/m3) (mg/m3) (mg/m3) (mg/m3) (mg/m3) (mg/m3)

1 Total Dust/ PM 150 50 30 30 20 3.06

2 HCL 50 50 10 10 25 ppm 7.88

3 SO2 ND 200 50 50 30 ppm 12.2

4 CO ND 100 50 50 100 ppm 26.3

5 TOC ND 20 10 10 ND 0.92

6 HF ND 4 2 1 ND ND

7 NOx 450 400 200 200 180 ppm 123

8 Cd + Th+ their compounds ND 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.01 ND

9 Hg and its compounds ND 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.01

10 Sb+As+Pb+Co+Cr+Cu+Mn+Ni+V+ their compounds ND 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.14 ND

11 Total Dioxins & Furans(ngTEQ/Nm3) ND 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.02

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Overview of Abellon








‒ Global approach






Contents

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The Gujarat WTE Framework (1/2)

Gujarat Waste to Energy Policy 2016

(March 2016)

• Daily waste generation – 10145 MT

• WtE plant potential - ~100 MW

• First state to come up with comprehensive WtE policy in 2016

Objectives:

a. Facilitate and promote MSW as renewable resource for generation of electricity

b. Facilitate disposal of MSW in more environment friendly manner

c. Improve efficiency and effectiveness of collection and disposal of MSW, thereby contributing to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

d. Reduce requirement of land for disposal of MSW

Salient features

a. Operative period of 5 years (March, 2021)

b. Projects commissioned during operative period eligible for benefits and incentives under policy for up to 25 years

c. Applicable only for new plant and machinery

d. GERC to determine generic tariff.

e. Projects to receive Generic Tariff + Generation Based Viability Gap Funding

f. Projects exempted from taxes, cess, royalty, levies or any charges related to MSW based WtE projects

g. Project land to be provided at token lease rent of Re .1 (Rupee One) per annum for a period of 25 years

h. MSW to be provided at project door step free of cost

i. Power generated may be used for self consumption/sale to third power/sale to Obligated entities

j. 50% of Wheeling charges and Distribution losses exempted in case of sale to third party at below 66 kV

k. No cross subsidy surcharge and additional surcharge applicable in sale to third party

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GERC Tariff for Waste to Energy 2016 & Extension Order

(November 2016 & October 2017)

Objectives:

a. To determine generic tariff for upcoming WtE projects in compliance with Gujarat WtE policy, 2016

The Gujarat WTE Framework (2/2)

Salient features

a. Effective for the projects commissioned on/before 31st March,2021

b. Tariff of Rs. 7.03 / KWh for mass incineration based WTE

c. Tariff of Rs. 7.07/ KWh for RDF based WTE

d. 50% of Wheeling charges and Distribution losses exempted in case of sale to third party at below 66 kV

e. No cross subsidy surcharge and additional surcharge applicable in sale to third party

WtE Status in Gujarat(Daily generation-~10145 MT)

Objectives:

a. Facilitate and promote MSW as renewable resource for generation of electricity

Benefits:

a. Processing of more than 50% of daily MSW generated in Gujarat in environmental friendly manner

b. Renewable Energy generation of ~80 MW

City Waste Generation(TPD)

WTE Potential(MW)

WTE capacity under development

(MW)

Ahmedabad 4000 60 30Surat 2500 40 15Baroda 1500 20 15Jamnagar 250 7.5 7.5Rajkot 500 7.5 7.5Bhavnagar 250 7.5 3Junagarh 150 2 1.5Others 995 12 0Total 10145 156.5 79.5

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Tariff Parameters Notified by GERC

GERC Parameters for WTE

Sn Particulars MSW-based Waste to Energy RDF based Waste to Energy

1 Capex/MW Rs. 16.00 Cr. Rs. 9 Cr

2 Plant load factor1st year-60% 1st year-65%

2nd year onwards-75% 2nd year onwards-85%

3 Auxiliary Consumption 16% 12%

4 O&M Cost (% of Project Cost) 6% 5%

5 O&M Cost Rs. 96 Lakh/MW Rs. 45 Lakh/MW

6 O&M Escalation 5.72% 5.72%

7 Fuel Cost Rs.0/Ton Rs.1600/Ton

8 Fuel Cost Escalation n/a 3.00%

9 Levellized Tariff Rs.7.03/kWh Rs.7.07/kWh

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Ahmedabad Waste Management

afafag

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Trucks Sampled 150+

Weight of Trucks Sampled 34+ Tonnes

Weight of Waste Sampled 15+ Tonnes

Waste Samples Drawn 1,400+ samples for R&D

Man Hours Spent for Survey 2,140+ hours

Zones Covered 6

Waste Type Sampled Fresh MSW and Legacy MSW

Waste Sampled by Source Residential & Commercial Waste

Due Diligence – Waste Characterization

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2929


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Physical Composition% Food Plastic Paper Coconut Material Rubber Green Wood Metal Glass Inert

Max% 51 18 25 21.5 28 16 40 19 3 9.5 35

Min% 10 5.8 1.8 1.7 4 0.1 0 0 0 0 1.7

Average% 34 11 7 11 13 2 6 3 0 1 12

Standard Deviation% 8.4 2.5 3.0 3.5 3.6 1.6 4.9 1.7 0.3 1.2 7.0

Moisture Composition% Food Plastic Paper Coconut Material Rubber Green Wood Metal Glass Inert

Max% 93 38 34 84 43 26 85 44 - - -

Min% 24 1 2 10 1 1 3 3 - - -

Average% 70 10 11 43 10 2 40 16 - - -

Standard Deviation% 16.0 2.5 9.0 27.0 11.0 5.0 29.0 14.0 - - -

Ash Composition% Food Plastic Paper Coconut Material Rubber Green Wood Metal Glass Inert

Max% 9 25 22 10 16 45 19 15 100 100 100

Min% 0.4 1 3 1 2 6 2 1 100 100 100

Average% 3 9 12 5 6 30 8 6 100 100 100

Standard Deviation% 2.0 9.0 5.0 3.0 5.0 14.0 5.0 3.0 - - -

Calorific Value Food Plastic Paper Coconut Material Rubber Green Wood Metal Glass Inert

Max (kcal/kg) 3210 6800 5800 3550 5226 6980 4052 4478 - - -

Min (kcal/kg) 365 4100 2197 1800 707 1441 2338 415 - - -

Average (kcal/kg) 1100 6110 3500 2155 3862 4027 2145 3358 - - -

Standard Deviation

(kcal/kg) 900.0 1931.0 929.0 1177.0 1086.0 934.0 1075.0 708.0 - - -

Due Diligence – Waste Analysis

msw to power-experience in gujaratgasification2018.missionenergy.org/presentations/abellon_sandeep...

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