Multinational Planning Augmentation TeamMultinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT TE-1)(MPAT TE-1)

Staff Planning WorkshopStaff Planning Workshop

MNF / CTF Humanitarian Assistance and

Disaster Relief Operations Overview

What is Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT) ?

A cadre of military planners from A cadre of military planners from nations in the Asia-Pacific region nations in the Asia-Pacific region capable of rapidly augmenting a capable of rapidly augmenting a multinational force (MNF) multinational force (MNF) headquarters established to plan headquarters established to plan and execute coalition operations and execute coalition operations in response to small scale in response to small scale contingencies (SSC).contingencies (SSC).

CTF FormingMultinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)

Personnel/J1Personnel/J1 Intel/J2Intel/J2 Ops/J3Ops/J3 Log/J4Log/J4 Plans/J5Plans/J5 Comms/J6Comms/J6

MPAT

CTF

MNF/CTF Operational Headquarters Staff Organization

Civil Affairs,SJA, Medical, Engineer

Etc.

ACADEMICS

COA ANALYSIS

ACADEMICS

COA ANALYSIS

& COACOMPARISON

Prep COA Decision

BriefCOA Decision

Brief

ACADEMICS

AAR

ACADEMICS

MISSION ANALYSIS

Scenario BRF

MSN ANALBRIEF

ACADEMICS

COADEVELOP-

MENT

InitialCOA BRIEF

Improving MNF Staff Planner Effectiveness Product:

Commander’s Estimate

MPAT TE-1 Workshop Methodology

Initiation: Warning Order

13 Nov 14 Nov 15 Nov 16 Nov 17 Nov

ACADEMICSStaff Cell

Briefs

PurposeBroad introduction to the key elements of humanitarian

assistance operations

VIICOA

Development

VITransition to a Non Military

Effort

VMeasures of Effeciveness

IVNGOs/IO

IIIUS Organizations

IIThe Players

ITerminology

Military

NGOs

OFDA/DART

DOS/EMB

UN

US FHA/DR DOCTRINE TERMINOLOGY

Foreign Humanitarian Assistance (FHA): Operations conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human suffering, disease, or privation that might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property.

Conducted outside US– Limited in scope and duration– Assistance provided to supplement or compliment

the efforts of the Host Nation (HN)

Disaster Relief (DR): A Subset of Humanitarian Assistance Joint Pub 3-07.6 (Draft)Joint Pub 3-07.6 (Draft)

Multinational OperationsMultinational Operations: A collective term to : A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of describe military actions conducted by forces of two or moretwo or more nations, typically organized within nations, typically organized within the the structure of a coalition or alliancestructure of a coalition or alliance. .

Combined OperationCombined Operation: An operation conducted by : An operation conducted by forces of forces of two or more allied nationstwo or more allied nations acting acting together for the together for the accomplishment of a single accomplishment of a single missionmission..

CoalitionCoalition: an : an ad hocad hoc arrangement between two or arrangement between two or more nations more nations for common actionfor common action... usually for ... usually for a a single action orsingle action or longer cooperation in a longer cooperation in a narrow narrow sector of common interestsector of common interest.. Examples: Examples: Desert Desert Storm, SomaliaStorm, Somalia

Multinational OperationsMultinational Operations: A collective term to : A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of describe military actions conducted by forces of two or moretwo or more nations, typically organized within nations, typically organized within the the structure of a coalition or alliancestructure of a coalition or alliance. .

Combined OperationCombined Operation: An operation conducted by : An operation conducted by forces of forces of two or more allied nationstwo or more allied nations acting acting together for the together for the accomplishment of a single accomplishment of a single missionmission..

CoalitionCoalition: an : an ad hocad hoc arrangement between two or arrangement between two or more nations more nations for common actionfor common action... usually for ... usually for a a single action orsingle action or longer cooperation in a longer cooperation in a narrow narrow sector of common interestsector of common interest.. Examples: Examples: Desert Desert Storm, SomaliaStorm, Somalia

Joint Pub 1-02Joint Pub 1-02Joint Pub 1-02Joint Pub 1-02

More TerminologyMore TerminologyMore TerminologyMore Terminology

Perspectives on Multinational OperationsPerspectives on Multinational Operations

““Allies are the most aggravating of people. They Allies are the most aggravating of people. They are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they approach quite straightforward problems from such approach quite straightforward problems from such extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them on common objectives their methods towards obtaining on common objectives their methods towards obtaining them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce consideration of their own national politics and consideration of their own national politics and hangovers from their past history, none of which have hangovers from their past history, none of which have the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..” fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..”

Field Marshall William SlimField Marshall William Slim

““Allies are the most aggravating of people. They Allies are the most aggravating of people. They are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they are so difficult to understand, so unreasonable; they approach quite straightforward problems from such approach quite straightforward problems from such extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them extraordinary angles. Even when one agrees with them on common objectives their methods towards obtaining on common objectives their methods towards obtaining them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce them are so queer, so very queer. They even introduce consideration of their own national politics and consideration of their own national politics and hangovers from their past history, none of which have hangovers from their past history, none of which have the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. the faintest bearing on the matter of immediate issue. Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that Their most annoying characteristic, however, is that among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing among all the arguing and haggling is the astonishing way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how way they seem quite incapable of recognizing how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how sound, how wise, how experienced are our views; how fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..” fair, indeed how generous, how big hearted we are..”

Field Marshall William SlimField Marshall William Slim

Humanitarian Assistance Operations

Provide Comfort - Turkey/N. Iraq (HA) Sea Angel I & II - Bangladesh (HA) Fiery Vigil - Philippines (HA) Guantanamo/Panama-- Haitian Refugees (HA) Provide Hope - Former Soviet Union (HA) Provide Relief - Kenya/Somalia (HA) Restore Hope - Somalia (HA) Provide Promise - Former Yugoslavia (HA) Pacific Haven - Guam (HA) East Timor (PO / HA)

TYPES OF FHA OPERATIONS

COMPLEXITY

Unilateral MU

LTI-

NA

TIO

NA

L UN

TYPES OF OPERATIONS

PLAYERS

NGO’s/PVO’sNon-Governmental/

Private Volunteer Orgs

HOST-NATIONGOVERNMENT

INTERNATIONAL ORGs

(INT’L RED CROSS)

IOsOFFICE OF FOREIGN DISASTER

ASSISTANCE SUPPORT

OFDA

MNF /CTF

UNITEDNATIONS

EMBASSIES

Ambassadors/Chiefs of Mission

Responsible for Overall Direction, Coordination, and Supervision of Supporting Government Activities in the Host Country

Responsible for Successful Completion of the HA/DR and Safety of their Government’s Citizens and DFNs

For the US: State Department = Lead Federal Agency

Ambassadors/Chief of Missions

The Ambassador Is Not in the Military Chain of Command but a US JTF/CTF Commander Will Fully Support the Ambassador’s Plans and Cooperate With Lead Federal Agency / DOS and Embassy Personnel, Without Compromising Mission Requirements

Pg I-6 and II-3, JP 3-07.5

“The military is enamored with

timelines, no-later-than dates, and

ultimatums. We on the other hand

spend endless hours waiting and

toiling for the slightest glimmer of

hope in a situation unencumbered

by deadlines and concrete results.

Clearly, there are two diametrically

opposed philosophies.”

USLO Mogadishu, Somalia

MNF / CTF COMMANDER

Responsible for all phases of the

military operation

Provides military assistance to

Governmental and Non-

governmental agencies as

directed by CTF establishing

authority.

Establishes Liaison teams

Orchestrates the transition of responsibilities to other agencies

US Unilateral HA / DR Operation:SIMPLIFIED C2

NGOsPVOsIOs

PRESIDENT

SECSTATESECDEF

CINCAMB /

COUNTRY TM

Humanitarian& Ref. Affairs

JTF

USAID

OFDA/DARTHACC/JLOC

CMOCHOC

Civil Military Operations Center (CMOC)

“In Somalia, a daily meeting was held where

the NGOs were briefed on the current situation

from all military participants. A review of

ongoing humanitarian actions was briefed by

NGOs and security requests were processed

by the assisting units. In addition, the CMOC

served as the venue for UN humanitarian

programs to operate from.”

“In Somalia, a daily meeting was held where

the NGOs were briefed on the current situation

from all military participants. A review of

ongoing humanitarian actions was briefed by

NGOs and security requests were processed

by the assisting units. In addition, the CMOC

served as the venue for UN humanitarian

programs to operate from.”

CIVIL MILITARY OPERATIONS CENTER (CMOC)

CMOC

DIRECTOROPERATIONS

SECTION

ADMIN/SUPPORTSECTION

NON-MILITARYREPRESENTATIVES

CMOC

NGOs &PVOs

USG Agencies

UN Children’s Fund

Dept ofPeacekeepingOperations

High Commissionerfor Refugees

InterAction CARE Doctors of the World

Save the Children

Intl RescueCommitteeOFDA / DART

Red Cross

ICRC

World FoodProgramme

Country Team

MEASURES OF EFFECTIVENESS

APPROPRIATE MISSION-

RELATED

MEASURABLE

REASONABLE

IN NUMBER

SENSITIVE

USEFUL

TRANSITION AND / OR

TERMINATION

FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

TRANSITION PLAN

FISCAL GUIDANCE

TRANSITION CRITERIA

TRANSITION

OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

PERMISSIVE UNCERTAIN

HOSTILE

MNF/CTF

PRINCIPLES OF MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR

OBJECTIVE

UNITY OF EFFORT

PERSEVERANCE

SECURITY

RESTRAINT

LEGITIMACY

COA DEVELOPMENT STEPS--HA / DR

1. Coordinate with Host Nation, UN, IO NGO/PVOs, Lead Government Agencies, etc. 2. Determine threat / operational environment(s)3. Analyze force capabilities4. Array force capabilities (HA, security, medical, transportation, etc.)5. Develop scheme of maneuver6. Determine C2 means and maneuver control measures7. Prepare COA statement and sketch8. Prepare staff estimates

HA / DR Lessons Learned

Symbology- Depiction of non-military operations

What is the role of traditional Intel in support of HA/DR

Information Management process

Map Doctrine And Fratricide

BDA- How to quantify in a disaster?

Understanding PSYOP And CA

Non-lethal Weapons- ROE?

Force Protection- Right level?

Field Sanitation- Lost Art?

Lessons Learned (Cont’d)

Each operation differs- No universal doctrine & SOPs

Plan inclusively- include non-military players

Know the players and their relevance to the mission

Use the media: Objectives; scope of assistance; exit strategy

Don’t underestimate people’s coping skills

Thank you for your attention