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Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT TE-3) Staff Planning Workshop Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT TE-3) Staff Planning Workshop MNF / CTF Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief Operations Overview Slide 2 Purpose Broad introduction to the key elements of humanitarian assistance operations VII COA Development VI Transition to a Non Military Effort V Measures of Effeciveness IV NGOs/IO III US Organizations II The Players I Terminology Military NGOs OFDA/DART DOS/EMB UN Slide 3 US FHA/DR DOCTRINE TERMINOLOGY u Foreign Humanitarian Assistance (FHA): Operations conducted to relieve or reduce the results of natural or manmade disasters or other endemic conditions such as human suffering, disease, or privation that might present a serious threat to life or that can result in great damage to or loss of property. u Conducted outside US Limited in scope and duration Assistance provided to supplement or compliment the efforts of the Host Nation (HN) Joint Pub 3-07.6 u Disaster Relief (DR): A Subset of Humanitarian Assistance Joint Pub 3-07.6 Slide 4 Multinational Operations: A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of two or more nations, typically organized within the structure of a coalition or alliance. Combined Operation: An operation conducted by forces of two or more allied nations acting together for the accomplishment of a single mission. Coalition: an ad hoc arrangement between two or more nations for common action... usually for a single action or longer cooperation in a narrow sector of common interest. Examples: Desert Storm, Somalia Multinational Operations: A collective term to describe military actions conducted by forces of two or more nations, typically organized within the structure of a coalition or alliance. Combined Operation: An operation conducted by forces of two or more allied nations acting together for the accomplishment of a single mission. Coalition: an ad hoc arrangement between two or more nations for common action... usually for a single action or longer cooperation in a narrow sector of common interest. Examples: Desert Storm, Somalia Joint Pub 1-02 More Terminology Joint Pub 1-02 Slide 5 Humanitarian Assistance Operations u Provide Comfort - Turkey/N. Iraq (HA) u Sea Angel I & II - Bangladesh (HA) u Fiery Vigil - Philippines (HA) u Guantanamo/Panama-- Haitian Refugees (HA) u Provide Hope - Former Soviet Union (HA) u Provide Relief - Kenya/Somalia (HA) u Restore Hope - Somalia (HA) u Provide Promise - Former Yugoslavia (HA) u Pacific Haven - Guam (HA) u East Timor (PO / HA) Slide 6 TYPES OF FHA OPERATIONS COMPLEXITY Unilateral MULTI- NATIONAL UN TYPES OF OPERATIONS Slide 7 PLAYERS NGOs/PVOs Non-Governmental/ Private Volunteer Orgs HOST-NATION GOVERNMENT INTERNATIONAL ORGs (INTL RED CROSS) IO s OFFICE OF FOREIGN DISASTER ASSISTANCE SUPPORT OFDA MNF / CTF UNITED NATIONS EMBASSIES Slide 8 Ambassadors/Chiefs of Mission Responsible for Overall Direction, Coordination, and Supervision of Supporting Government Activities in the Host Country Responsible for Successful Completion of the HA/DR and Safety of their Governments Citizens and DFNs For the US: State Department = Lead Federal Agency Slide 9 Ambassadors/Chief of Missions The Ambassador Is Not in the Military Chain of Command but a US JTF/CTF Commander Will Fully Support the Ambassadors Plans and Cooperate With Lead Federal Agency / DOS and Embassy Personnel, Without Compromising Mission Requirements Pg I-6 and II-3, JP 3-07.5 Slide 10 MNF / CTF COMMANDER u Responsible for all phases of the military operation u Provides military assistance to Governmental and Non- governmental agencies as directed by CTF establishing authority. u Establishes Liaison teams u Orchestrates the transition of responsibilities to other agencies Slide 11 US Unilateral HA / DR Operation: SIMPLIFIED C2 NGOs PVOs IOs PRESIDENT SECSTATESECDEF CINC AMB / COUNTRY TM Humanitarian & Ref. Affairs JTF USAID OFDA/DART HACC/JLOC CMOC HOC Slide 12 Civil Military Operations Center (CMOC) In Somalia, a daily meeting was held where the NGOs were briefed on the current situation from all military participants. A review of ongoing humanitarian actions was briefed by NGOs and security requests were processed by the assisting units. In addition, the CMOC served as the venue for UN humanitarian programs to operate from. Slide 13 CIVIL MILITARY OPERATIONS CENTER (CMOC) CMOC DIRECTOR OPERATIONS SECTION ADMIN/ SUPPORT SECTION NON-MILITARY REPRESENTATIVES Slide 14 CMOC NGOs & PVOs USG Agencies UN Childrens Fund Dept of Peacekeeping Operations High Commissioner for Refugees InterActionCARE Doctors of the World Save the Children Intl Rescue Committee OFDA / DART Red Cross ICRC World Food Programme Country Team Slide 15 Whats the relationship between a just- arrived military force and the NGOs and PVOs that might have been working in a crisis-torn area all along? What we have is a partnership. If you are successful, they are successful; and if they are successful, you are successful. We need each other. GEN J. M. Shalikashvili, CJCS NGO / PVO RELATIONSHIP TO THE MNF / CTF Slide 16 MEASURES OF EFFECTIVENESS APPROPRIATE MISSION- RELATED MEASURABLE REASONABLE IN NUMBER SENSITIVE USEFUL Slide 17 TRANSITION AND / OR TERMINATION u FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES u TRANSITION PLAN u FISCAL GUIDANCE u TRANSITION CRITERIA TRANSITION Slide 18 PRINCIPLES OF MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR OBJECTIVE UNITY OF EFFORT PERSEVERANCE SECURITY RESTRAINT LEGITIMACY Slide 19 HA / DR Lessons Learned u Symbology- Depiction of non-military operations u What is the role of traditional Intel in support of HA/DR u Information Management process u Map Doctrine And Fratricide u BDA- How to quantify in a disaster? u Understanding PSYOP And CA u Non-lethal Weapons- ROE? u Force Protection- Right level? u Field Sanitation- Lost Art? Slide 20 Lessons Learned (Contd) u Each operation differs- No universal doctrine & SOPs u Plan inclusively- include non-military players u Know the players and their relevance to the mission u Use the media: Objectives; scope of assistance; exit strategy u Dont underestimate peoples coping skills Slide 21 Thank you for your attention