municipal waste recycling program year three annual report

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Municipal Waste Recycling Program

Year Three Annual Report FY 2019 (October 1, 2018 to September 30, 2019)

Submission Date: October 30, 2019 Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026 Activity Start Date and End Date: October 1, 2016 to September 24, 2021 COR Name: Clare Romanik Submitted by: Marianne Carliez Gillet, Vice President for Global Programs

Henri Disselkoen, Chief of Party Development Innovations Group

4330 East-West Highway, Suite 1150 Bethesda, MD 20814 Tel: (301) 664-9644 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by the Development Innovations Group for the Municipal Waste Recycling Program Task Order.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Annual Report FY 2019 ______________________________________________________________________________

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PROGRAM OVERVIEW / SUMMARY

Program Name: Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP)

Activity Start Date and End Date:

October 1, 2016 to September 24, 2021

Name of Prime Implementing Partner:

Development Innovations Group (DIG)

Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026

Name of Subcontractors:

Subcontractors: -DAI Global, LLC -The QED Group Resource Groups: -Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and

Organizing (WIEGO) -The Earth Institute

Geographic Coverage: (Countries)

Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia

Reporting Period:

October 1, 2018 to September 30, 2019 (Annual Report FY 2019)


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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ACOR Alternate Contracting Officer’s Representative APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation BINTARI Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (Indonesia) BSSR Bank Sampah Sorong Raya C3MC Candis III Marketing Cooperative (Philippines) CBO Community-Based Organization CCC Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (Sri Lanka) CEA Central Environment Authority (Sri Lanka) CECR Center for Environment and Community Research (Vietnam) CEL Communications, Evidence and Learning COP Chief of Party COR Contracting Officer’s Representative CRS Catholic Relief Services (Philippines) CSRD Centre for Social Research and Development (Vietnam) DCA Divers Clean Action DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines) DIG Development Innovations Group DONRE Department of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam) DPC District People’s Committee ENDA Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (Vietnam) EWC Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines FC Funding Cycle FMCG Fast-Moving Consumer Goods FY Fiscal Year GAIA Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Inc. Philippines GIDKP Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (Indonesia) GreenHub Centre for Supporting Green Development (Vietnam) HCMC Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) IDIQ Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity IEC Information, Education, and Communication IWC Independent Waste Collectors LGU Local Government Unit M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MCD Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (Vietnam) MEF Monitoring and Evaluation Factor MMDE Mahaweli Development and Environment (Sri Lanka) MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam) MRF Materials Recovery Facility MTE Mid-Term Evaluation MWRP Municipal Waste Recycling Program NGO Non-Governmental Organization OC Ocean Conservancy OOC Our Ocean Conference


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PARMS Philippine Alliance for Recycling and Materials Sustainability Inc. PASRA Pre-Award Survey and Risk Assessment PBE Philippine Business for the Environment Inc. PET Polyethylene Terephthalate PILF Public Interest Law Foundation (Sri Lanka) PPP Public-Private Partnership PRRCFI Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. SLCDF Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation SWEEP Sea Waste Education to Eradicate Plastic SWM Solid Waste Management USAID United States Agency for International Development USD United States Dollar UGARF University of Georgia Research Foundation VUSTA Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations WLAB Waste Less Arugam Bay WWF World Wide Fund for Nature (Vietnam) YPBB Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (Indonesia) YPN Yayasan Peduli Negeri (Indonesia)


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Table of Contents

Program Overview / Summary ................................................................................................ 1

Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................... 2

1. Executive Summary .......................................................................................................... 5

2. Overall Program Performance ......................................................................................... 7

2.1 Progress towards Program Targets ............................................................................ 7

2.2 Overview of Small Grants Management ..................................................................... 8

2.3 Monitoring Grant Approaches ................................................................................... 10

2.4 Country Activities ....................................................................................................... 10 2.4.1 Philippines ....................................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Sri Lanka .......................................................................................................................................................................... 13 2.4.3 Vietnam ........................................................................................................................................................................... 15 2.4.4 Indonesia ......................................................................................................................................................................... 17

2.5 Steps to Empower Women and Youth under MWRP ............................................ 19

2.6 Local Capacity Building .............................................................................................. 20

2.7 Private Sector Engagement ........................................................................................ 22

2.8 Coordination and Management .................................................................................. 23

2.9 Dissemination, Outreach and International Cooperation ....................................... 26

3. Financial Summary ......................................................................................................... 28

4. Lessons Learned (Policy and Practice Recommendations) and Success Stories ........ 29

5. Calendar for Next Quarter’s Program Activities ......................................................... 32

Annex 1: MWRP Results (Detailed Breakdowns by Quarter/Year) .................................... 34

Annex 2: DRAFT Success Story ............................................................................................. 57

Annex 3: Detailed Update of the Grants ............................................................................. 59 2.4.1 Philippines ....................................................................................................................................................................... 59 2.4.2 Sri Lanka .......................................................................................................................................................................... 62 2.4.3 Vietnam ........................................................................................................................................................................... 66 2.4.4 Indonesia ......................................................................................................................................................................... 69

Annex 4: Private Sector Engagement – Partnering with National & International Corporations ........................................................................................................................... 77

Annex 5: MWRP MEF Results Table ..................................................................................... 84


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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Development Innovations Group (DIG) is pleased to present its Program Year Three (PY-3) Annual Report for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP), in compliance with DIG’s contract, AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026. USAID has contracted DIG under the Making Cities Work IDIQ to provide grants management and technical assistance to USAID in establishing a grants portfolio and recommending approaches for enhanced international cooperation. The grants portfolio is supporting initiatives to recycle waste that threatens human health and the physical environment and which, if recycled, could generate income and produce energy. Program activities focus specifically on addressing ineffective municipal solid waste management (SWM) practices and reducing plastic pollution in the marine environment in Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. This report covers progress made during PY-3, from October 1, 2018, to September 30, 2019.1 In PY-3, DIG met all of its contractual deadlines and implemented all Program activities in a timely manner, using the Program Year Three Work Plan as a guide. The third year of MWRP was an overall success, achieving major milestones and surpassing some targets. Building on the Program’s Year One and Year Two accomplishments, Year Three was defined by the following noteworthy achievements: the signing of 12 grant agreements reaching a total of 30 grants for the life of the Program and fully obligating the USD 5.5 million designated for grants; the completion of project activities for four grantees from funding cycles one and two; significant implementation progress among grantees from the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth funding cycles; the initiation of grantee project implementation under funding cycle six and the targeted grants mechanism; and effective dissemination and outreach initiatives by MWRP and its grantees, with an increased emphasis on the empowerment of women. As stipulated by the MWRP contract, DIG obligated a total of USD 5.5 million in grants by September 30, 2019. DIG reached this target in PY-3 after signing 12 grant agreements, valued at USD 1,735,031. During the six quarterly application cycles and targeted grants, the Program received 220 submissions (133 applications and 87 concept notes). In PY-3, MWRP completed the review and award process for funding cycles five and six, as well as for targeted grants. In addition, MWRP teams conducted 13 productive mid-term evaluation (MTE) missions in the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam, and three project close-out missions in the Philippines (one) and Vietnam (two). The MTE results indicated that five grantees were performing exceptionally well in meeting project objectives (Center for Environment & Community Research/CECR, Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde/ENDA, Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc./PRRCFI, World Wide Fund for Nature/WWF-Vietnam, and Lanka Upcycles Limited). The MWRP team found that five grantees were meeting expectations (Centre for Social Research and Development/CSRD, Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre/Sevanatha, Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation/SLCDF-Galle, SLCDF-Jaffna, and Centre for Supporting Green Development/GreenHub). Lastly, the MWRP team found that

1 Please note that throughout this report, PY-3 and fiscal year (FY) 2019 are used interchangeably.


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three grantees were encountering some difficulties in meeting their objectives (Candis III Marketing Cooperative/C3MC, Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd./Janathakshan, and World Vision). The MWRP team and its grantees continued to raise awareness in their communities of the issue of marine plastic pollution through a variety of outreach initiatives. After months of intensive preparations, the MWRP participated in two conferences in PY-3 to: (1) facilitate partnerships between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of marine plastic pollution; (2) support regional government efforts to address marine debris challenges; and (3) disseminate Program findings to increase awareness of the issue of marine plastic pollution. Under the MWRP’s guidance, representatives from several grantees (including Catholic Relief Services/CRS, CECR, ENDA, Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari/BINTARI, and Yayasan Misool Baseftin/Misool Foundation, and the Mother Earth Foundation, among others) participated as advisors, presenters, and panelists in various public events. Furthermore, MWRP chaired a 30-minute discussion panel entitled “Reducing Marine Plastics Pollution: What Works? A Gender-Sensitive Analysis of Best Practices in South and Southeast Asia” at the international Our Ocean Conference held on October 29-30, 2018, in Indonesia. At a second conference in Indonesia, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Marine Debris Stakeholder Meeting, MWRP provided substantial technical support to the US Department of State in organizing the event. The two-day conference held for regional governments in Asia on November 2-3, 2018, focused on developing new partnerships, sharing innovative regional experiences, improving coordination among national-level ministries, and refining the APEC marine debris strategy for the Asia-Pacific region. MWRP also successfully fostered international cooperation in SWM and the reduction of plastic waste by organizing critical, high-visibility events. In March 2019, after meeting with several large corporations in Jakarta during a grant signing event, the MWRP team brought these entities together in a workshop with Indonesian MWRP grantees and local government officials to address public sector and market-led approaches to reducing ocean plastic. Participants included representatives from Coca-Cola, Nestle, Danone, Dow Chemical, H&M and Unilever. A number of these multinational corporations are now collaborating with MWRP grantees on plastic recycling initiatives. Furthermore, grantees in all four countries led dozens of cleanup activities and awareness raising campaigns for International Coastal Cleanup Day. These events resulted in numerous grantee projects being prominently featured in newspapers and radio, as well as on local television stations. In coordination with the MWRP Contracting Officer’s Representative, Clare Romanik, MWRP Alternate Contracting Officer’s Representative, Silvia Petrova, and Senior Advisor for Gender and Environment, Corinne Hart (Office of Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment), MWRP developed three gender monitoring and evaluation factors2 (MEFs) and Performance Indicator Reference Sheets. The aim of these MEFs is for grantees to more effectively measure and monitor how their project activities are affecting women. This development came as a direct result of the MWRP’s growing emphasis on the empowerment of women.

2 DIG reports to USAID on its MWRP implementation using “program indicators”. To distinguish these indicators from the grantees’ “project indicators”, USAID proposed to use “MEFs” rather than project indicators.


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2. OVERALL PROGRAM PERFORMANCE 2.1 Progress towards Program Targets

Table 1: Summary of MWRP Targets and Results presents information on the status of the ten MWRP indicators used to measure program performance as of September 30, 2019. MWRP continues to be on target for all indicators. Refer to Annex 1 for details about progress made towards each indicator. The targets reflect the updated Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Plan submitted to USAID in August 2018.

Table I: Summary of MWRP Targets and Results

Standard Indicators

Cumulative Total

through FY 18

Annual Target

PY3 (FY19)

Q1

FY

2019

Q2

FY

2019

Q3

FY

2019

Q4

FY

2019

Life of Program Targets

On Target Y/N

Component 1: Grants Program Supporting Promising Municipal Waste Approaches

Number of grants disbursed

20 6 0 3 2 5 26 Yes

Amount of grants obligated in USD

$3.7 million

$1.76 million

0 $0.61 million

$0.39 million

$0.75 million

$5.5 million

Yes

Number of grant applicants supported through meetings or technical assistance

46 14 0 17 6 0 60 Yes

Number of public policies, MOUs, and regulations related to municipal SWM introduced or positively affected

9 N/A 4 9 4 11 6 Yes

Number of activities to more effectively integrate the private sector into solid waste management

9 N/A 7 9 1 9 6 Yes

Percentage of grantees that have incorporated one or more women’s empowerment indicators in their monitoring and evaluation plans

10% (2/20)

50% 45%

(9/20) 65%

(15/23) 88%

(22/25)

100% (30/30)

50% Yes

Component 2: Evaluation of Grants Program Results and Development of Lessons Learned & Recommendations for USAID Investments


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Number of investment opportunities identified to improve solid waste management

16 N/A 0 0 0 0 12 Yes

Number of lessons learned on solid waste management practices affecting plastic pollution

6 3 12 5 5 22 15 Yes

Component 3: Support for International Cooperation on Waste Management

Number of strategic partnerships facilitated between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Yes

Number of meetings to facilitate potential partnerships between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management

4 N/A 0 1 0 0 4 Yes

2.2 Overview of Small Grants Management

Five MWRP grant agreements were executed during the fourth quarter (Q4) of FY 2019, bringing the total number of project grants to 30, with Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc.’s (GAIA) two subawards bringing the total projects to 32, as of September 30, 2019. Recent grantmaking activity resulted in the full obligation of the USD 5.5 million grants facility, in line with the target program end date for grants noted in the DIG contract. The following table details the MWRP grants in the four Program countries and indicates an equitable distribution of grant funds.

Country # Grants / # Projects

Amount (USD) % (by Amount)

Indonesia* 6 / 7 $ 1,387,356 25% Philippines 10 / 10 $ 1,415,636 26% Sri Lanka 7 / 7 $ 1,205,457 22% Vietnam* 7 / 8 $ 1,491,551 27%

Total 30 / 32 $ 5,500,000 100% * Note: The grant to GAIA includes two subawards to Vietnamese and Indonesian non-governmental organizations (NGO) to implement municipal “zero-waste” projects. For that reason, one additional grant has been included for Vietnam as well as one for Indonesia in the table. Three projects, therefore, are considered to constitute the GAIA grant.


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During the last quarter of PY-3, USAID Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR) provided concurrence on three “Apparently Successful” applications: (1) Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) from Funding Cycle (FC) 6, (2) the University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGARF), and (3) PRRCFI, in partnership with SM Supermalls. The UGARF and PRRCFI projects in the Philippines were made under MWRP’s Targeted Grants mechanism. The COR and the USAID/Philippines Mission provided concurrence for these three applicant organizations. In August and September 2019, the MWRP team completed the Pre-Award Surveys and Risk Assessment (PASRA) reports of the three “Apparently Successful” applicant organizations and submitted a No Objection Memorandum to the USAID/MWRP COR, recommending the award of MWRP grants to PBE, UGARF, and the PRRCFI. After reviewing the PASRA reports and obtaining feedback from the USAID/Philippines Mission, the COR informed DIG that grant agreement negotiations could start with the three organizations. Grant agreements were subsequently signed in late September 2019 with PBE, UGARF, and PRRCFI. Earlier in the quarter, following receipt of No Objections from the COR and respective USAID Missions for two FC-6 organizations, DIG signed grant agreements with the Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines (EWC) and Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (GIDKP) in Indonesia. The following MWRP grants were signed in the final quarter of FY 2019:

Grantee Organization Funding Cycle Grant Amount Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (GIDKP) FC-6 $249,212 Ecowaste Coalition of the Philippines (EWC) FC-6 $229,751 Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) FC-6 $100,000 University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGARF) Targeted $100,000 Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation (PRRCFI)

Targeted $74,406

Total Grant Amount: July 1 – September 30, 2019 $753,369 With regards to existing grants, the MWRP team amended various agreements to better capture information or to facilitate adjustments in the project schedule of activities and/or deliverables through no-cost extensions. For instance, the Lanka Upcycle grant was amended to adjust the accounting mechanism for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles collected and sold to recycling firms based in Colombo. The MWRP team also provided no-cost extensions to five grantees (Transformasi, GAIA, Sevanatha, GIDKP and Gringgo) to ensure they have sufficient time to complete project activities within the specified timeframes. Based on a review of project activities and cash flow needs, MWRP has discussed and anticipates providing no-cost extensions to GreenHub, ENDA and Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD in Nam Dinh) in FY 2020. Other grantees completed their projects in FY 2019. In the first quarter (Q1) of FY 2019, CRS, which operated in Metro Manila, Philippines, completed its project. Three additional grantees completed operations in the third quarter of FY 2019: one in the Philippines (World Vision in Metro Manila); and two in Vietnam (CECR in Danang City and CSRD in Hue City). The MWRP team led close-out missions to visit the CRS project in December 2018, as well as the CECR and CSRD projects in September 2019. MWRP will conduct a close-out visit to World Vision


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in the first quarter of FY 2020. During close-out visits, the MWRP team: reviews deliverables presented and accomplished; analyzes project results related to project indicators and MWRP MEFs; examines inventory controls of project fixed assets and compliance with asset disposition documentation; reviews bank statements and financial reports; visits project sites and interviews key stakeholders; and conducts a close-out interview with key grantee staff to review results, impact, and lessons learned. The MWRP team was satisfied with the outcome of the CRS, CECR, and CSRD close-out visits.

2.3 Monitoring Grant Approaches

The MWRP team completed 13 MTEs in PY-3. In the last quarter of PY-3, MWRP carried out two MTEs in Sri Lanka (August 2019), visiting SLCDF in Jaffna and Lanka Upcycles in Arugam Bay. The MWRP team submitted to USAID on September 30, 2019, a consolidated report summarizing the findings from these MTE field visits, as well as four MTE visits carried out in June 2019 (two in Vietnam and two in the Philippines). Six individual project MTE reports were included in the annexes of the consolidated report. Initial findings from the June and August 2019 MTEs indicated that five of the grantees (PRRCFI in the Philippines; SLCDF-Jaffna and Lanka Upcycles in Sri Lanka; and WWF and GreenHub in Vietnam) were on track to achieve project objectives while one grantee (C3MC in the Philippines) was having difficulty meeting its objectives and required additional technical support, which the MWRP team is now providing. Seven additional MTEs were previously completed in December 2018. Findings from those MTEs revealed that five grantees were performing exceptionally well in meeting project objectives (ENDA, CSRD, and CECR in Vietnam; and Sevanatha and SLCDF-Galle in Sri Lanka), and two grantees were encountering some difficulty in meeting their objectives (Janathakshan in Sri Lanka and World Vision in the Philippines). In addition, the MWRP team provided ongoing support to grantees to help them more effectively assess and evaluate the MWRP projects’ gender MEFs, including providing feedback on how to capture and reflect upon the gender-related impacts of training and outreach activities. Annex 5 of this report shows the September 2019 status concerning the number of MWRP beneficiaries and the nine MEFs3 per country as reported4 by grantees.

2.4 Country Activities

Annex 3 provides detailed information on grantee projects per MWRP target country and a breakdown of grantee interventions per country.

3 DIG reports to USAID on its MWRP implementation using “program indicators”. To distinguish these indicators from the grantees’ “project indicators”, USAID proposed to use “MEFs” rather than project indicators. 4 In 2019, the grantees’ capacity grew to monitor and record in their databases the beneficiaries and MEFs. From July to September 2019, some grantee MEF impact results differed substantially from the previous quarter. The reported data are now more reliable, but further verification is taking place in the coming months.


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2.4.1 Philippines

In each Filipino municipality, the local government units (LGUs) and sub-municipal units (barangays) have insufficient resources and only modest technical capacity to design and implement efficient municipal SWM plans. The grantees noted, however, that elected local government leaders, environmental officials, residents, and business owners are motivated to improve the solid waste conditions in their communities – as mandated by national law – but complain of insufficient public awareness, budgets, and infrastructure. Grantees indicated that supporting collectors and buyers in the communities (e.g., informal collectors, government service providers, junk shop workers, and large wholesale buyers) plays a pivotal role in expanding recycling and improving SWM. Catholic Relief Services (CRS) (FC-1) completed project implementation in Navotas City and Malabon City, Metro Manila on November 30, 2018. CRS strengthened the capacity of six barangays to operate community-based, market-based SWM systems, which benefited ~26,400 people.

Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation (PRRCFI) (FC-2) in Negros Occidental underwent an MTE and is moving toward project completion on March 31, 2020. PRRCFI’s Sea Waste Education to Eradicate Plastic (SWEEP) project’s technical assistance to municipal governments continued with visits to all eight LGUs in July to meet newly elected councilors following elections in May and to reinforce working relationships with officials already engaged with MWRP. SWEEP provides support on SWM issues in relation to the drafting of ordinances and policies to reduce the prevalence of single-use plastics, expand recycling, and improve SWM plans. The project provided support to the eight zero-waste sari-sari (convenience) stores it helped establish in the project municipalities. These stores sell consumer goods, such as shampoo, soap, cooking oil, and condiments in reusable containers instead of single-use plastic sachets.

Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) (FC-2), in Puerto Princesa City, underwent a partial MTE in June 2019. During the first year of project implementation, C3MC had encountered difficulties while working with the 19 originally targeted LGUs. DIG, thus, amended the C3MC grant agreement during the second quarter of FY 2019. The project now focuses on five barangays within the city (Bancao-Bancao, San Jose, Irawan, Bacungan and Salvacion) to more effectively increase the capacity of local governments, civil society, and the private sector to reduce plastic in the marine environment. Activities include raising public awareness of the issue, supporting SWM planning and the regulation of plastic waste, increasing economic opportunities for IWCs, and promoting household waste segregation linked to recycling. A

Figure 1. Dave Albao, Executive Director of PRRCFI presents the MWRP project at Dive Resort Travel Expo in Manila.


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second MTE visit will take place in October 2019 to provide additional technical assistance to C3MC and to evaluate further progress with eight months left in implementation. World Vision (FC-2), with its partner the Plastic Bank, completed its project in Barangay Baseco, Manila. World Vision met its project objective of increasing by 20% the average monthly income from recycling of 1,200 garbage collectors. The World Vision project collected and recycled 73 metric tons of plastic waste, surpassing its original target of 70 metric tons. In addition, out of the 1,200 waste collectors, 150 are now members of six community-managed savings and credit associations. The project facilitated a new Barangay Solid Waste Management Plan, including the signing of a tripartite agreement with the LGU, Kabalikat sa Kaunlaran ng BASECO Inc, and World Vision. Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines (GAIA) (FC-5) manages its project through two subgrantees who are implementing activities in Vietnam and Indonesia. In Vietnam, GAIA’s subgrantee GreenViet Biodiversity Conservation Centre’s (GreenViet) focus is on the implementation of zero-waste model in Cam Thanh commune in Hoi An and in the Cham Islands. In Indonesia, through GAIA’s subgrantee Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB), the project is expanding a zero-waste approach in the Bandung City Coblong District, one of the most populous areas. Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines (EWC) (FC-6) signed a research-focused MWRP grant agreement in July 2019. The project goal is to provide national government waste management institutions with reliable data and comprehensive studies on SWM and plastic waste leakage into Manila Bay to facilitate improvements in SWM policies and practices in Metro Manila. Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) (FC-6) signed an MWRP grant agreement in September 2019. In partnership with its subgrantee, Philippine Alliance for Recycling and Materials Sustainability (PARMS), PBE will work with Robinsons shopping malls in Metro Manila to test the feasibility of converting low-value residual waste recovered in malls, such as plastic bags and sachets, into marketable products (e.g., interlocking building blocks, parking bumpers, pallets and bollards). Mother Earth Foundation (Targeted Grant) signed an MWRP grant agreement on June 30, 2019 to mobilize and train city project staff and local partners in Batangas City to support the Batangas City Environment and Natural Resources Office with establishing zero-waste models in 30 barangays. University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGARF) (Targeted Grant), led by Dr. Jenna Jambeck, signed an MWRP grant agreement in September 2019. Under this grant, UGARF will conduct research on land-based plastic waste leaking into Manila Bay, promote the startup of circular economic principles for urban communities along Manila Bay, and support the design and evaluation of the research activities of the MWRP grantee EcoWaste Coalition.


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Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI) (Targeted Grant) signed a second MWRP grant agreement in September 2019. In partnership with SM Supermalls, PRRCFI will help educate, raise awareness, and foster behavior change among the Filipino public on plastic waste, through a creative public information campaign targeting consumers and communities in Metro Manila, Negros Occidental, and throughout the rest of country. By heightening collective awareness on the need to significantly control and reduce waste (especially waste produced by single-use plastic), the project will support the recent national government initiative to clean up and rehabilitate Manila Bay. 2.4.2 Sri Lanka

Project activities returned to normal following disruptions related to the Easter terrorist bombings. After those events, MWRP grantees had to reduce activities in schools, communities and other public spaces, following the directives of local and national security officials. With MWRP support, grantees continue to share information among themselves. MWRP provided support to Independent Waste Collectors (IWCs) on accessing finance/capital, improving cost recovery, gaining formal recognition, instituting behavior change at the community level, and working with local authorities and schools. Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre (FC-1) stayed on track to meet its project objectives despite significant challenges. A change in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia Municipal Commission leadership resulted in diminished support for the project and, in particular, municipal support for the community materials recovery facility (MRF) in Badowita. The new municipal leadership decided to stop purchasing recyclable plastic waste from IWCs supported by the project so Sevanatha is connecting the collectors to private sector buyers, such as the Beira Group. On a positive note, the municipality has opened a second MRF with project support, modeled after the Badowita experience. Janathakshan (Guarantee) Limited (FC-1), operating in the municipalities of Negombo and Katunayake, is working with the main contributors of mishandled plastic waste – households, hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, and fishing harbors – to reduce the generation of plastic waste and increase recycling. The project will soon be completed with a scheduled end date of December 31, 2019. Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) Galle (FC-1), which is in the final stages of project implementation, operates in 29 villages, up from the original target of 22 villages, through a consortium of community-based organizations (CBOs). In Q4 FY 2019, SLCDF confirmed (through visits to a sampling of trained households) that approximately 84% are actively segregating waste at home and 51% sell plastic waste to recyclers. Household trainings have reached 8,560 families to date, including 1,287 new households in 71 training workshops in Q4 FY 2019. Formal and informal venders and shopkeepers in the project area interviewed by SLCDF indicated that their spending on plastic shopping bags had dropped about 40% in recent months, which was attributed to the influence of the project’s education campaigns.


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Lanka Upcycles (FC-2), continued operating its education center, the Waste Less Arugam Bay (WLAB), which targets community residents, school children, and 5,000 tourists per day. The center offers tourists and community residents a low-cost filtered water dispensary as a means to reduce the local consumption of plastic water bottles. WLAB showcases equipment that turns plastic waste into new upcycled products and raises awareness on the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling plastic. In Q4 FY 2019, 532 people visited the WLAB center, a 68% increase from the previous quarter. MWRP completed an MTE of the Lanka Upcycles project in August and found that the grantee was on track to meet objectives and targets.

Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) Jaffna (FC-2) moved ahead with its participatory community-based SWM plans, continued awareness raising activities to promote the reduction, reuse, and recycling of plastic waste, and organized safe disposal and recycling options. The project works closely with four local authorities in the Jaffna District – Jaffna Municipal Council, Chavakachcheri Urban Council, Point Pedro Urban Council, and the Valvettithurai Urban Council. MWRP completed an MTE of the project in August and found that SLCDF was on track to meet its planned objectives and targets.

Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) (FC-3) has reached its project implementation mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020. PILF progressed towards its project goal of reducing marine plastic waste through law review and reform, improvements in law enforcement, and legal training. PILF’s legal professionals shared the Interim Law Review Report with relevant government agencies, notably the Marine Environment Protection Authority and the Central Environmental Authority (CEA). PILF has presented and discussed the Interim Law Review Report as well with other government entities, including the National Medicines Regulatory Authority, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Sri Lanka Customs, Import and Export Control Department, Department of Coast Guard, Urban Development Authority, Consumer Affairs Authority, and the Colombo Municipal Council. Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) (FC-2), which has reached its project implementation mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020, is strengthening the ongoing national dialogue between the government and the private sector to design and implement post-consumer plastic management strategies. Key stakeholders are the national government, specifically the Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment (MMDE), and major corporations operating in Sri Lanka. The aim of this stakeholder collaboration is to produce a road map outlining the promulgation of government regulations applicable to companies operating in the plastics and packaging industry sectors. In Q4 FY 2019, the CCC project carried out a comprehensive review of post-consumer plastic waste practices, several sectoral

Figure 2. Children in Arugam Bay drop off PET bottles to be recycled by Lanka Upcycles.


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consultations on public-private partnerships, key informant interviews, and household surveys to continue collecting data and perspectives on the regulation of plastic. 2.4.3 Vietnam

The Vietnamese Prime Minister, Nguyen Xuan Phuc, launched a national anti-plastic waste movement in June 2019 to address the national problem of managing plastic waste. Some city governments, such as Ha Long City, where two MWRP grantees operate, have embraced this movement by adopting new municipal policies. Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR) (FC-1) completed its MWRP project on June 30, 2019. CECR supported the integration of community-based recycling into the Da Nang City SWM strategy. CECR garnered the active support of the Da Nang People’s Committee, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), the city environmental department, city and ward Women’s Union committees, and the Youth Union, whose participation was critical to the project’s success. CECR built consensus on addressing the problem of plastic waste management and on developing strategies for changing community SWM and recycling practices, which were identified as two of the most important issues in Da Nang’s Strategy for Integrated Solid Waste Management to 2025 and Vision to 2050. Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA) (FC-1) is fostering close cooperation between IWC organizations and the Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) to improve the city’s SWM system and to increase household compliance with a waste segregation at source regulation. The project continued to support IWC cooperatives in Q4 FY 2019 by offering training courses on cooperative laws and management to 109 IWC leaders. Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD) (FC-2) completed its project on July 31, 2019. The project collaborated with DONRE and the Ministry of Education and Training in Hue City to implement activities in nine schools to raise awareness among youth on the impact of plastic waste pollution on the Perfume River and coastlines. CSRD worked with 5,715 students, 500 teachers and administrators, and 100 pilot households. CSRD partnered with a “no plastic” civil society group, the Green Club, and youth unions in the target schools, as well as collaborated with the private sector, such as the SWM firm Hue Urban Environment and Public Works Joint Stock Company.


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Centre for Supporting Green Development’s (GreenHub) (FC-2) project is progressing in laying the groundwork for a “model cities” approach to waste management in the Cat Ba Archipelago, Hai Phong Province, and Ha Long Bay. The project focuses on researching and piloting scalable environmentally friendly solutions to replace polystyrene contained in buoyancy devices for aquaculture farms. The project team is working with Ha Long Bay fisherfolk to mitigate the problem and to raise public awareness on the impact of plastic waste in the marine environment.

World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) (FC-2), on Phu Quoc island, moved past the mid-point of implementation, solidified by the official commitment of the District People’s Committee (DPC) to the project’s overarching goal of setting up an island-wide platform for addressing solid waste and recycling issues. The DPC plans to extend its Marine Debris Action Plan until 2025. WWF has received commitments from 18 leading hotels and other businesses to introduce alternatives to single-use plastic disposables, an effort now being promoted by the Phu Quoc Chamber of Commerce. Center for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD) (FC-3) is implementing two MWRP grants, both reaching their mid-point, one in Ha Long Bay and one in Nam Dinh. The principal activities in Q4 FY 2019 in Ha Long Bay involved conducting perception surveys with the fisherfolk community by consulting the Quang Ninh Fisheries Management Branch, Bach Dang Ward of People’s Committees, and Management Board of the Fishing Port to understand their awareness of ocean plastic issues and to engage them in project activities. In Nam Dinh, in Q4 FY 2019, 471 people participated in project activities, which included the completion of a synthesis and mapping of the status of waste collection, transport, and disposal in the project sites. MCD is also finalizing the river trash trap design to pilot and subsequently produce. Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. (GAIA) (FC-5) is moving ahead with the project start-up in Vietnam through a subgrant to GreenViet, which focuses on the expansion of the zero-waste model in Hoi An and on the Cham Islands. These two sites face mounting SWM issues due to the rapid rise in tourism and approximately 1.5 million tourists per year who contribute 0.6 kg of waste per hotel room per day, which is equivalent to three times the typical household waste stream. During the last quarter, GreenViet and GAIA finalized the cooperation plan for the Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations (VUSTA) and received their approval in time for the upcoming project launch scheduled for October 2019.

Figure 3. GreenHub awareness raising event in Ha Long City attracted the participation of nearly 500 persons.


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2.4.4 Indonesia

In Indonesia, one new grantee launched its project and four other grantees completed their project start-up phase, while the first two MWRP grantee projects in the country reached their implementation mid-points. Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI) (FC-4) reached its mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020. BINTARI is working closely with city and provincial government authorities in Semarang, the national fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) company PT Indofood, and small local recyclers to enhance the sustainability of new community bank sampahs (waste banks). BINTARI works with 29 waste banks consisting of 1,493 households, who receive technical assistance and supplies to support their operations. In collaboration with PT Indofood, the project began another round of training for 122 waste bank operators that focused on business management and marketing strategies. Yayasan Misool Baseftin’s (Misool Foundation) (FC-5) Bank Sampah Community Waste Recycling Program in Sorong, West Papua, reached its mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020. In Q4 FY 2019, project implementation was unexpectedly disrupted following street demonstrations and rioting that occurred across several cities in Papua and West Papua. The situation in Sorong became a safety concern and resulted in the evacuation of several project staff members. Project activities were halted from August 19 until September 4, 2019. The Misool Foundation’s operation of the Bank Sampah Sorong Raya (BSSR) in Sorong resulted in 14.5 metric tons of plastics being recycled in July. Despite the challenges presented by the social unrest in the region, the monthly average (14.5 metric tons) of recycled plastics in Q4 FY 2019 was on par with the average of the previous quarter. GAIA Philippines Inc. (FC-5) launched its project in Indonesia through its partner Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB), which operates in Bandung City in several zero-waste pilot communities. The GAIA/YPBB partnership, together with the city government, will expand operations in Coblong District, one of the most populous areas in Bandung. The project has completed its start-up phase. In July, GAIA with YPBB support organized the Zero Waste Academy workshop in Bandung City to train 20 representatives from regional organizations on its Zero Waste model. Several MWRP grantee organizations, including DCA, Gringgo Indonesia Foundation, GreenViet, and PPLH (Gringgo subgrantee), participated in the GAIA workshop.

Figure 4. PT Indofood Noodle Division and Pilah Project Team is assessing Warmindo commitment.


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Divers Clean Action’s (DCA) (FC-5) project, which is being implemented in the Thousand Islands just off the coast of Jakarta, completed its start-up phase. The project focuses on improving waste management practices through capacity building and information sharing mechanisms, establishing inter-sectoral coordination mechanisms to strengthen policy and planning, and promoting a circular economy that will enable communities to have greater access to

employment and livelihood opportunities. In Q4 FY 2019, DCA conducted a baseline data survey on Untung Jawa Island to acquire a clearer understanding of people’s behavior with respect to SWM and to guide its strategy for improving waste management practices on the island. Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Gringgo) (FC-5) completed its project start-up and is working to improve Denpasar City’s SWM system by promoting recycling with an emphasis on innovative communication technologies to improve the handling and collection of plastic waste materials from households and businesses. In Q4 FY 2019, the project team met regularly with village officials to finalize the village selection and advance cooperation agreements. Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi) (FC-5) completed project start-up in Gowa District. The project aims to strengthen the government’s coordination and capacity in SWM, drawing upon the experiences and best practices of a similar citywide entity functioning in nearby Makassar City. The operationalization of a new central bank sampah in Gowa District will be facilitated, studied, and documented, and will serve as a guide for other cities and districts to address their SWM problems. Transformasi worked on the development of a baseline assessment on current SWM practices and capacities at the community and local government levels. Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP) (FC-6) signed an MWRP grant agreement in July 2019 and began mobilizing its local government partners through field visits and stakeholder meetings. Working with city and provincial government authorities in Metro Jakarta and Bandung City, GIDKP aims to facilitate the passing of legislation, preparation of regulations, and enforcement of reductions in single-use plastics. GIDKP submitted its project implementation plan, branding and marking plan, and M&E plan to the MWRP team.

Figure 5. Participants at a DCA training present their group discussion

Figure 6. Representatives from the Gowa Environmental Office, Somba Opu Sub District, Transformasi partner YPN, and local organizations learn about the operationalization of waste banks.


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2.5 Steps to Empower Women and Youth under MWRP

MWRP-funded projects engage and empower women and youth in various ways – through training sessions, education, advocacy, and leadership opportunities. The following activities during this quarter supported the empowerment of women and youth in the target countries:

• BINTARI’s work in Semarang continued to support community-based women’s groups

through 49 technical trainings on waste bank management benefiting 989 women. • CECR’s project implementation included a significant focus on gender mainstreaming in

plastic waste management in Danang City. The project carried out workshops on gender mainstreaming, organized gender policy forums in Hanoi, presented the “Role of Women in Plastic Waste Management” at the International Consultation Conference on the Preparation of a National Action Plan on Marine Plastic Management in Vietnam, and contributed to reviewing the draft action plan to ensure it includes an article to support community and women’s engagement during implementation. CECR also has facilitated discussions between the Minister of MONRE and the President of Vietnam Women’s Union on women pioneering in plastic waste recycling.

• PRRCFI focus on training and educating women on issues surrounding ocean plastic and SWM have allowed the project to reach 5,609 women thus far (59% of participants) with at least three hours of technical assistance.

• SLCDF’s project in Galle trained 1,287 persons including 944 women (73% of participants). In Jaffna, SLCDF’s 85 community education events reached 3,237 persons including 2,346 women (72% of participants).

• Janathakshan supported youth and women’s empowerment through training of two female managers at the recycling centers and training of dozens of youth to help the Negombo Municipal Council organize the Negombo Run environmental awareness event.

• MCD’s project in Nam Dinh saw the participation of 285 women (60% of participants) through the active involvement of the Youth Union and Women’s Union at the International Coastal Clean-up event held on September 22.

• GreenHub continued its support of the Women’s Union and on September 16, with advocacy by the Cat Hai Women’s Union, issued Plan No 52 / KH- BTV on “Women say No to plastic waste and nylon” in the public market.

Figure 7. PRRCFI at the Himulat Zero-Waste Community Fair.


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• YPBB/GAIA has tapped community-based women’s groups for their socialization meetings and door-to-door education in several localities in Coblong District.

MWRP provided grantees with tools and resources to encourage the mainstreaming of gender issues and the tracking of women’s empowerment during their project implementation. MWRP continued working with grantees on tracking the three gender-related MEFs to increase the measurement of women’s empowerment.5 By the end of September 2019, all of the 30 grantees (100%) had voluntarily incorporated one or more of the women’s empowerment indicators into their M&E plans. MWRP has identified key areas in which grantees can improve their data tracking and deepen their data collection and communication to provide a more granular picture of their gender approach. For example, the MWRP team has advised grantees to count not just female participation but also male participation and to provide details such as whether women are being trained and encouraged to perform voluntary or paid work. The MWRP team has begun to analyze the training content and programmatic approaches of grantees in order to provide feedback for enhanced gender equity. This work is expected to both enhance the capacity of grantees to analyze, communicate, and improve their gender approaches and to improve tracking systems so that the M&E documents tell a more complete story while also guiding grantees in improved gender-related interventions and approaches.

2.6 Local Capacity Building

The MWRP grantees’ activities in the target countries have promoted local capacity building for a wide spectrum of groups and organizations. The various groups and organizations that have benefited from MWRP support are: (i) city/municipal, provincial, and national government environmental agencies and related ministries; (ii) NGOs and CBOs; (iii) the private sector, including recycling enterprises, small businesses, corporations, commercial establishments, and social enterprises; (iv) women, youth, and student organizations; and (v) community residents. Specific local capacity building activities in Q4 FY 2019 included the following:

• C3MC educated 788 school students, through seven training workshops, on plastic pollution and waste segregation in Puerto Princesa City, Philippines.

• Janathakshan built the capacity of 400 households to segregate waste in coordination with the Negombo Municipal Council SWM department. These capacity building activities have resulted in a total of 1,500 households segregating waste and more than seven tons of plastic waste being delivered, on a quarterly basis, to recycling centers as a result of the MWRP project (as of September 30, 2019).

• PRRCFI, as of September 30, 2019, has provided 2,090 hours of technical assistance to local government officials, 56,638 hours of raising public awareness (including through

5 The three gender-focused MEFs are: 1) the number of individuals who completed training events as a result of the USAID-funded MWRP; 2) the number of female beneficiaries who obtained a traditionally male-dominated activity/job in the waste management and plastics recycling sector as a result of the USAID-funded MWRP; and 3) the number of women participating in decision-making processes relating to solid waste management and plastics recycling as a result of the USAID-funded MWRP.


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the display of its mobile museum) on the importance and means of combating marine plastic pollution, and 4,548 training hours to entrepreneurs and civil society representatives.

• Sevanatha built the capacity of 27 IWCs and helped the majority receive official certification from the CEA, following field visits by CEA staff to observe IWC operations. The certification legitimizes their collection and recycling activities and allows them to receive CEA training. The project carried out additional training sessions, linking collectors to private waste recyclers.

• SLCDF Galle was praised by local authorities for informing the public to help reduce waste produced by the annual Seenigama Dewala festival. This religious event, held on the Sri Lankan coast each August, draws more than 100,000 pilgrims and normally results in large quantities of plastic bags and other waste being left on the beaches and nearby waterways. This year, local authorities asked SLCDF to help educate local government staff and community members about the proper handling of plastic waste and cleanliness. Through a publicity campaign and trainings, SLCDF informed residents about ocean plastic waste and advocated for the provision of more trash bins in the festival area, which resulted in a reduced amount of waste being left behind following the festival.

• SLCDF Jaffna’s Zero Waste Forum has reached more than 1,200 followers through Facebook. The forum is used to communicate information on plastic pollution and alerting the public to upcoming events focused on zero-waste.

• ENDA completed three training courses on ways of generating income from recyclable materials for 129 IWCs at districts Go Vap, No. 6, and Phu Nhuan. Through these training sessions, the project introduced IWCs to existing markets to sell their recyclable waste.

• GreenHub strengthened coordination between local officials of Ha Long City and Cat Ba on environmental protection initiatives and organized a meeting to prepare for the launch of an official alliance between the two localities.

• Gringgo Indonesia Foundation introduced technology-based waste management tools in several Balinese villages. A mobile app called Gringgo aggregates and organizes waste collection and recycling services. By using the app, Sanur Kaja Village improved the efficiency of its waste collection while reducing cost and increasing recycling volume. In recognition of this achievement, the Ministry of Home Affairs presented the village with a runner-up award for Most Innovative Village at the National Development and Innovation Meeting.

Figure 8. Olivier Pouillon of Gringgo (left) joins the ANCORA MEET Event September 12th-14th 2019 hosted by former Indonesian Minister of Trade and head of the ANCORA Foundation, Mr. Gita Wirjawan.


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• BINTARI initiated trainings, in partnership with the Environmental Agency of Semarang City, for community waste banks focusing on business management strategies for 29 waste bank managers. The training covered household waste management in Semarang City, waste sorting, waste collection, payment systems, and selling methods.

• DCA carried out a three-day workshop for the residents on Untung Jawa Island to highlight the urgency of addressing marine debris and to facilitate discussions on waste segregation in the home and improved SWM. Through door-to-door awareness raising, DCA has reached 365 out of 418 households on the island.

• Misool Foundation started an on-air education program with Radio Republik Indonesia. During five radio sessions, Misool promoted the responsible disposal of waste and recycling by community residents. Listeners were encouraged to message in with their questions. The issues covered included the types of materials that can be recycled, the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), and the problems of single-use plastics.

• World Vision successfully implemented an incentive system whereby recycling entrepreneurs and community members could exchange plastic waste through a point system (depending on the volume) for grocery items. By September 30, 2019, 3,713 individuals had benefitted from the voucher system in exchange for consumer goods.

2.7 Private Sector Engagement

In FY 2019, MWRP successfully increased and leveraged the engagement of international, national, and local businesses to bolster initiatives to combat marine plastic pollution. MWRP grantees in the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka secured the support of large international corporations, such as Coca-Cola, H&M and others, to increase the recycling rates of plastic waste. These partnerships with the private sector, as well as the MWRP grantees’ participation in key international events, increased the visibility of USAID’s flagship program and promoted the Agency’s position as a leading organization in the prevention of land-based sources of ocean plastic waste. Beyond the international sphere, MWRP grantees secured the buy-in of local and national authorities to support the effectiveness and sustainability of MWRP initiatives. The Q4 FY 2019 efforts noted below have followed core USAID Private Sector Engagement Principles. (Please refer to Annex I Item 5 and to Annex 4 for more detailed information.)

Figure 9. Activity at one of the DCA training stations.


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The following MWRP grantees integrated local private sector participation in their project activities in Q4 FY 2019:

• BINTARI, in collaboration with PT Indofood, began another round of trainings for 122 waste bank operators, focusing on business management and marketing strategies.

• PBE partners with PARMS and Robinsons shopping malls in Metro Manila to test the feasibility of converting low-value residual plastic waste recovered in malls, such as plastic bags and sachets, into marketable products (e.g., interlocking building blocks and parking bumpers).

• WWF received formal commitments from 18 leading hotels and other businesses to introduce alternatives to single-use plastic disposables, an effort now being promoted by the Phu Quoc Chamber of Commerce and endorsed by the Phu Quoc District People’s Committee.

• PRRCFI partners with SM Supermalls to educate, raise awareness, and foster behavior change of the Filipino public on plastic waste, through a creative public information campaign targeting consumers and communities in Metro Manila, Negros Occidental, and throughout the Philippines. The project will support the recent initiative of the Government of the Philippines to clean up and rehabilitate Manila Bay through a heightened collective awareness to significantly control and reduce waste, especially waste produced from single-use plastic.

• Lanka Upcycles’ company (Rice & Carry) received a new mold to make recycled plastic shaving razor handles from PET bottles collected under MWRP for its Fair Trade distributor, Fair Squared from Germany. After adjusting the mold to its machinery, Rice & Carry produced 225 pieces that were showcased at a European fair-trade event.

• CCC carried out a review of post-consumer plastic waste practices in several locations, held sectoral consultations on public-private partnerships, and conducted key informant interviews and household surveys to collect data and local perspectives on the regulation of plastic.

• Sevanatha partnered with Coca-Cola to place 20 collection bins for PET bottles at various locations around Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia.

2.8 Coordination and Management

DIG and USAID maintained open lines of communication to ensure efficient program management and operation. Teleconference calls were held every two weeks between the DIG MWRP team, including its Vice President for Global Programs, Associate Director for Global Programs, the MWRP Chief of Party (COP), and the USAID/MWRP COR and Alternate Contracting Officer’s Representative (ACOR). The minutes of the teleconference calls, along with a table noting completed and pending action items, were prepared and circulated after

Figure 10. Instant noodle vendor signing a commitment agreement with BINTARI.


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each teleconference call. A shared Google Drive folder serves as the mechanism for sharing program-related documents. MWRP collaborates with USAID’s Communications, Evidence and Learning (CEL) Program to maintain program photographs on flickr.com and to produce high-quality print and video materials for dissemination to the USAID missions and local stakeholders. These materials included a complete set of project and country fact sheets. The MWRP team worked with CEL to update several project and country fact sheets. This information was distributed during presentations made at USAID by the COR and during the grant signing ceremony on July 11, 2019, in Manila, Philippines. In Q4 FY 2019, DIG participated in a USAID organized “behavior change” roundtable on July 12 and in several telephone calls with CEL. DIG also assisted the CEL team with the preparation of two MWRP case studies, meeting on July 30 with the Urban Institute in Bethesda and subsequently sending introductory emails to local MWRP grantees/stakeholders as well as providing relevant reports and documents. To develop the case studies, the CEL team conducted a field mission to HCMC the week of September 9-13 and to Hanoi and Danang, Vietnam, the week of September 16-20. On August 22, Circulate Capital’s Asia consultant, Grant Collins, visited DIG’s headquarters office in Bethesda to explain Circulate Capital’s plans for the near future. Lastly, On September 12, DIG’s Vice President for Global Programs, Marianne Carliez Gillet, and MWRP’s Chief of Party, Henri Disselkoen, participated in USAID’s first Clean Cities, Blue Oceans (CCBO) meeting at the Tetra Tech offices. Clare Romanik led the meeting. Marianne and Henri delivered two PowerPoint presentations on MWRP’s results and key findings, and distributed handouts including MEF results. Coordination with USAID/Philippines Mission MWRP provided monthly updates on grantee activities and upcoming events to the USAID/ Philippines Mission. These updates inform the Mission of events USAID staff may be interested in attending. In response to a request from the Mission, on July 11, 2019, MWRP celebrated a grant signing ceremony with two new grantees, Mother Earth Foundation and Ecological Waste Coalition, with keynote speakers from the U.S. Embassy in the Philippines, Deputy Chief of Mission John Law, and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) SWM Undersecretary, Benny Antiporda. The event, which was attended by USAID/ Philippines Mission Director Lawrence Hardy II, included exhibits by the MWRP

Figure 11. U.S. Deputy Chief of Mission to the Philippines John Law visits PRRCFI exhibit at July 11, 2019, grant signing ceremony in Manila.


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grantees in the Philippines. “These partnerships are critical to protecting urban coastal areas that rely on tourism and fisheries sectors,” said Mr. Law. “We are proud to work together with the Philippines in finding innovative solutions to keeping plastic waste out of our oceans.” The event was covered by the news media, with several newspaper and television media spots appearing the following day. The referral to MWRP of SM Supermalls by the USAID/Philippines’ Urban Planning Specialist, Marian Cruz Navata, was followed by three months of discussions and culminated in a targeted grant award to PRRCFI. PRRCFI received the MWRP grant and will work in partnership with the SM Supermalls corporate social responsibility division, SM Cares, to implement a nationwide information and education campaign inside the SM mall infrastructure to raise awareness of plastic pollution impacting the oceans. Coordination with USAID/Sri Lanka Mission MWRP provided updates twice a month to the USAID/Sri Lanka Mission during Q4 FY 2019. The Mission team is satisfied with the frequency and quality of communications from MWRP and remains engaged with project activities and outcomes. Following a pause in the visits to Sri Lanka due to the terrorist attacks in April 2019, MWRP staff resumed travel in August to conduct mid-term project evaluations of SLCDF in Jaffna and Lanka Upcycles in Arugam Bay. DIG’s team comprised Senior Program Manager, Peter Loach, and Vice President for Technical Services, Ruby AlSalem, who were accompanied by Andrei Barannik, USAID Regional Environmental Advisor based in Bangkok, Thailand. Following the field visits, the MWRP team briefed the Mission Director, Reed Aeschliman, Director the USAID Environment unit, Michelle Koscielski, and Program Officer, Anna da Silva. In addition, DIG prepared a briefing packet on MWRP grants and accomplishments for Mr. Barannik for his use during a presentation to the U.S. Ambassador, Alaina Teplitz. Coordination with USAID/Vietnam Mission MWRP provided monthly updates on grantee activities and upcoming events to the USAID/ Vietnam Mission. MWRP recently initiated planning in support of a potential visit of U.S. government officials to Hanoi, Vietnam, on November 1. Coordination with USAID/Indonesia Mission With several new grantee projects in Indonesia completing their planning phase and starting implementation during Q4 FY 2019, DIG began sending monthly grantee project updates to the USAID/Indonesia environment unit in July 2019. Program Reporting Activity During Q4 FY 2019, DIG completed the following MWRP reports and deliverables:

• Third Quarterly Report for FY 2019; • Annual Standalone Report on the role of the private sector in SWM and recycling in the

four program countries; • Grants Concurrence Memorandum for a Targeted Grant to the Philippine Reef and

Rainforest Conservation Foundation’s project in partnership with SM Cares;


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• No Objection Memorandum and PASRA reports for Targeted Grants to PRRCFI and UGARF, and for a regular grant to PBE;

• Quarterly Accruals Report (July 1 – September 30, 2019); and • Meeting minutes, action tables, and agendas for the biweekly management meetings

between DIG and the USAID COR/ACOR.

2.9 Dissemination, Outreach and International Cooperation6 During FY19, MWRP and its grantees have engaged in numerous public events and outreach activities in the four target countries to bring attention to the program, highlighted by two major conferences in Indonesia in October-November 2018. At the Our Ocean Conference, MWRP organized a 30-minute panel entitled, “Reducing Marine Plastics Pollution: What Works? A Gender-Sensitive Analysis of Best Practices in South and Southeast Asia.” For the APEC Marine Debris Stakeholder Meeting, MWRP facilitated presentations by several program grantees and panel discussions were facilitated by the COR Clare Romanik and COP Henri Disselkoen. During the previous quarter, MWRP participated in the following activities: Philippines

• CRS marked the end of their MWRP project with a Solid Waste Management Forum at the San Bartolome Parish Multi-purpose Hall in Malabon City on November 15, 2018. The forum was attended by numerous barangay leaders from Navotas and Malabon, who came to learn about the project’s results and how it could be replicated in other barangays.

• PRRCFI organized a ‘Brands Roundtable for Less Waste’ held in Manila in September, bringing together local organizations and corporations to share their vision and efforts in reducing single-use plastic waste through redesign and recycling. The event was co-sponsored with Save Philippine Seas and the AIM-Dado Banatao Incubator. In attendance were 30 representatives from corporations and social enterprises including Unilever, Nestlé, Starbucks, Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf, San Miguel Corporation, Globe Telecom, Max’s Group, Inc., Human Heart Nature, SESOU Nature Source, Coco Pallet, Sip PH, and Green Antz Builders.

• World Vision held a close-out event in Quezon City to commemorate the conclusion of its program activities; with participants coming from the city government, barangay SWM committee, schools, IWCs, and Baseco people’s organizations.

Sri Lanka • CCC led the first private sector consultative workshop to foster the design and

implementation of post-consumer plastic management strategies. Approximately fifty representatives from four sectors (FMCG, dairy and beverages, plastic manufacturing, and recycling and packaging) attended the event. John Keels Holdings PLC, Hemas

6 International cooperation efforts under MWRP in FY 2019 were highlighted in the Annual Standalone Report that was submitted to USAID in August 2019.


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Holdings PLC, Coca-Cola Beverages Sri Lanka Ltd., Unilever Sri Lanka Ltd., and MAS Capital delivered presentations at the workshop.

Vietnam • CECR held three high-visibility end-of project conferences with key stakeholders in

eight coastal provinces of the central region of Vietnam. During the main conference, which was co-organized with the Da Nang DONRE and the VUSTA, CECR shared project results and best practices with Coastal Provinces in the Central Region of Vietnam with the 88 delegates (52 women and 36 men) present from Da Nang, Hanoi, and 8 central coastal provinces.

Indonesia • The MWRP team held a ceremonial grant signing event on March 27, 2019 at the

Borobudur Hotel in Jakarta to commemorate 70 years of cooperation between the U.S. and Indonesian governments. The U.S. Ambassador, Honorable Joseph R. Donovan Jr., was in attendance and gave personalized remarks on the importance and impact of the MWRP in Indonesia. The event highlighted the MWRP projects of the two current Indonesian grantees, the Misool Foundation and BINTARI; the three Indonesian organizations scheduled for a grant award under FC-5 (Gringgo Indonesia Foundation, DCA, and the Center for Public Policy Transformation); and an Indonesian NGO subgrantee, Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (GAIA is the prime implementer for this project). These six organizations presented their individual projects in short PowerPoint presentations to an audience of approximately 170 people. The event culminated with the ceremonial signing of the six grant certificates.


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3. FINANCIAL SUMMARY The MWRP contract budget below is based on a budget realignment approved by USAID in Q4 FY 2019.

Table 2: MWRP Contract Budget

ITEM YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 TOTAL

DIRECT COST $917,640 $1,066,958 $1,135,976 $1,270,626 $1,131,121 $5,522,320

INDIRECT COSTS $468,326 $476,859 $661,322 $538,241 $493,283 $2,638,031

TOTAL COSTS $1,385,966 $1,543,817 $1,797,298 $1,808,867 $1,624,404 $8,160,352

PROJECT GRANTS $309,992 $1,790,008 $139,924 $2,200,000 $1,060,076 $5,500,000

FIXED FEE $60,226 $64,787 $110,121 $90,548 $81,314 $406,996

TOTAL COSTS PLUS PROJECT GRANTS AND

FIXED FEE

$1,756,184 $3,398,612 $2,047,343 $4,099,415 $2,765,794 $14,067,348

The following is an overview of the FY 2019 budget (October 1, 2018 - September 30, 2019).

Table 3: DIG Budget

Total contract budget $14,067,348

Total funds obligated by USAID into the contract to date $12,048,314

Total funds previously reported as expended $6,653,106

Total funds expended in current quarter (Q4; FY 2019) $960,189 Total unliquidated obligations $4,435,019 Estimated expenditures for remainder of year $0

Estimated average monthly burn rate and any expected variation* $298,254

FY 2019 budget (October 1, 2018 - September 30, 2019) $2,047,343

*Variation is expected due to the disbursement of grant funds.


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4. LESSONS LEARNED (POLICY AND PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS) AND SUCCESS STORIES

The lessons learned during the life of the program are presented in a table in Annex 1: MWRP Results with the categorization of individual lessons. The following table identifies the 22 new lessons learned under MWRP in Q4 FY 2019. Note: The number in parentheses ( ) in the table indicates the other category(ies) that includes the same lesson learned.

No. CATEGORY LESSON 1 Government legal and

regulatory reform (local & national)

• Expert advice given to national governments by MWRP grantees can be a lengthy process because of political dynamics and will likely be stalled during election cycles.

2 Local government engagement

No new lessons learned for this period.

3 Local government financial sustainability and cost recovery

• Local government elected officials in some countries in the region claim that charging residents a fee for SWM service is difficult, thereby negatively impacting their SWM budgets and capacity to deliver quality services.

4 Local government investment considerations

• Local governments typically lack capital funds to invest in SWM infrastructure (landfills, vehicles, etc.) and are reliant upon national government transfers for major expenditures in all four countries. • Local government SWM authorities face critical unfunded mandates from national laws for waste collection and SWM infrastructure (i.e., sanitary landfills, vehicles, and equipment).

5 Information, education & communications; i.e., raising awareness of stakeholders

• Door-to-door education and awareness raising activities directed at households on how to segregate recyclable waste are necessary for achieving broad levels of community compliance. (7) • School-based educational activities have proven effective at raising awareness among large numbers of students, teachers and administrators. • Radio spots are an effective means of messaging large populations. • Competitions, such as poster designs, clothing, and photography, are useful for generating interest among youth on the issue of ocean plastic waste. (10)

6 Behavior change in waste management (households & businesses)

• Changes in single-use plastics consumption and separating recyclables in the tourism sector is driven primarily by economic benefit considerations and customer preferences. • The government’s clean-up of accumulated garbage piles in a community should be accompanied with appropriate outreach and messaging and follow-up to ensure the location will not become littered again with garbage. (11) • School-based training on plastic waste pollution and recycling has led to students’ households doing waste separation at source and recycling.


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7 Segregation at source (households & businesses)

• Door-to-door education and awareness raising activities directed at households on how to segregate recyclable waste are necessary for achieving broad levels of community compliance. (5)

8 Capacity building of stakeholders

• Exposure visits between waste recycling groups (WRG), i.e., waste banks, are valuable opportunities for learning and for sharing knowledge and approaches. • Training in waste bank management is most effective when participants are able to visit recycling operations instead of simply participating in a workshop/presentation on the topic. • Training materials on business management and health/safety/environmental considerations are essential for organizing and promoting sustainable community recycling operations in Indonesia.

9 Community-based SWM strategies

No new lessons learned for this period.

10 Gender and youth-based approaches to improved SWM

• Competitions, such as poster designs, clothing, and photography, are useful for generating interest among youth on the ocean plastic waste issue. (5) • Corporations are learning that an important way to engage youth is through Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) campaigns addressing environmental issues, such as reducing ocean plastic pollution. (13)

11 Environmental hotspots

• The government’s clean-up of accumulated garbage piles in a community should be accompanied with appropriate outreach and messaging and follow-up to ensure the location will not become littered again with garbage. (6)

12 Independent waste collector sector

• Community waste banks are strengthened through several means that include expanding the active leadership group, developing community “champions” for outreach, training banks in business management/administration, engaging local political leaders (village chief, barangay captains, etc.), increasing household coverage, and involving male participants. • The plastic value chain is improved for IWCs through improved access to market pricing on a real-time basis (i.e., using cellphone applications). (14)

13 Private sector participation

• A national or international corporation’s business locations, activities, and strategy in a specific country strongly influences its level of corporate engagement with MWRP. • Corporations are learning that an important way to engage youth is through IEC campaigns addressing environmental issues, such as reducing ocean plastic pollution. (10)

14 Plastic value chain • Waste bank database management is critical for monitoring the progress of waste recycling groups (WRG aka ‘waste banks’) and waste bank transparency. • Collaboration of the waste recycling groups with local organizations/companies with market bazaars for sale/barter of recycled items are an effective means to increase the number of participating community residents.


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• Identifying intermediary waste buyers/collectors are helpful for WRGs to obtain competitive prices for their collected recyclables. • The plastic value chain is improved for IWCs through improved access to market pricing on a real-time basis (i.e., using cellphone applications). (12,15)

15 Technological innovation

• The plastic value chain is improved for IWCs through improved access to market pricing on a real-time basis (i.e., using cellphone applications). (12,14) • Digital money cellphone applications are simple, useful tools for managing community waste banks.

The Annex 2: Success Story highlights the SLCDF projects’ progress in replacing single-use plastic bags with alternative cloth bags in Galle and Jaffna Districts in Sri Lanka.


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5. CALENDAR FOR NEXT QUARTER’S PROGRAM ACTIVITIES

MWRP activities planned for Q1 FY 2020 (October 1 to December 30, 2019) are summarized below:

October 2019

• Plan and organize three country cross-pollination workshops in Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia scheduled for Q1 FY 2020;

• Facilitate coordination arrangements for Manila Bay research activities between MWRP grantees, the University of Georgia and the Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines, with the DENR;

• Support CEL’s public information development plans for MWRP in the region; • Support startup activities for the USAID Clean Cities Blue Ocean (CCBO) program; • Provide technical assistance to six new MWRP grants on M&E requirements and other

program administrative and financial aspects; • Participate in the Our Ocean Conference (OOC) in Oslo, Norway on October 23-24

(by USAID COR); • Review grantee quarterly progress and financial reports; • Replace the departing Country Liaisons in Indonesia and the Philippines; and • Submit the MWRP annual report for FY 2019.

November 2019

• Prepare the Enda team in HCMC for the November 2 meeting with USAID Deputy Administrator, Bonnie Glick;

• Conduct the country cross-pollination workshops for MWRP grantees in Phu Quoc, Vietnam;

• Visit selected grantees to strengthen their M&E capacity to capture evidence-based MEF results;

• Conduct a joint planning session with USAID COR, MWRP, and CCBO; and • Conduct MTEs for two MWRP projects in Vietnam – the Centre for Marinelife

Conservation and Community Development (MCD) in Ha Long City and in Nam Dinh.

December 2019

• Conduct Indonesia and Sri Lanka cross-pollination workshops for MWRP; • Conduct MTEs for two MWRP projects in Indonesia – the Misool Foundation in Sorong

City, Raja Ampat, and the BINTARI Foundation in Semarang City, Central Java; • Conduct MTEs for two MWRP projects operating at a national level in Sri Lanka – the

Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) and the Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) in Colombo;


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• Visit selected grantees to strengthen their M&E capacity to capture evidence-based MEF results; and

• Submit MWRP Accruals Report for Q1 FY 2020.


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ANNEX 1: MWRP RESULTS (DETAILED BREAKDOWNS BY QUARTER/YEAR)

COMPONENT 1: Grants Program Supporting Promising Municipal Waste Approaches

1. Number of grants disbursed (obligated) Cumulative Total Grants Disbursed: 30 (as of September 30, 2019) Program Year 1: 6 -Catholic Relief Services (CRS-Philippines) -Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR-Vietnam) -Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA-Vietnam) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #1 Galle, Sri Lanka) -Sevanatha Urban Development Centre (Sri Lanka) -Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. (Sri Lanka)

Program Year 2: 14 -World Vision Inc. (WVI-Philippines) -Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC Philippines) -Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI #1) -Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD-Vietnam) -Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub-Vietnam) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna, Sri Lanka) -World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF-Vietnam) -Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF-Sri Lanka) -Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC-Sri Lanka) -Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #1-Vietnam) -Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #2-Vietnam) -Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation-Indonesia) -Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI Foundation-Indonesia)

Program Year 3: 10 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 3 -Divers Clean Action (DCA-Indonesia) -Gringgo Indonesia Foundation -Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA) Philippines Inc. Quarter 3: 2 -Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi-Indonesia) -Mother Earth Foundation (Philippines) Quarter 4: 5


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-Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI #2) -Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) -Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines, Inc. (EWC) -University of Georgie Research Foundation (UGARF) -Perkumpulan Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (GIDKP-Indonesia) 2. Amount of grants disbursed (obligated) Cumulative Total of Grants Disbursed/Obligated: $5,500,000 (as of September 30, 2019) Program Year 1: USD 1,210,647 Program Year 2: USD 2,534,322 Program Year 3: USD 1,755,031 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: USD 0 Quarter 2: USD 609,872 Quarter 3: USD 391,790 Quarter 4: USD 753,369

MWRP Grant Awards – Life of Program

First Funding Cycle (FC-1) Country Organization Amount

Philippines Catholic Relief Services (CRS) $100,000

Sri Lanka Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre $238,232

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) $244,712

Sri Lanka Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. $142,244 Vietnam Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR) $249,932

Vietnam ENDA Vietnam $243,527

Subtotal $1,218,647

Second Funding Cycle (FC-2)

Country Organization Amount Philippines Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) $249,880

Philippines Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI #1) $223,994

Philippines World Vision, Inc. Philippines $100,000 Sri Lanka Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. $87,707 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) $171,962 Vietnam Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub) $247,406 Vietnam Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD) $74,780


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Vietnam World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) $202,000

Subtotal $1,357,729

Third Funding Cycle (FC-3)

Country Organization Amount

Sri Lanka Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) $167,010

Sri Lanka Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) $153,590

Vietnam Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD) $129,738

Vietnam Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD) $249,995

Subtotal $700,333

Fourth Funding Cycle (FC-4)


Indonesia Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation) $243,740

Indonesia Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI) $244,520

Subtotal $488,260

Fifth Funding Cycle (FC-5) Country Organization Amount

Indonesia Divers Clean Action (DCA) $170,000

Indonesia Gringgo Indonesia Foundation $190,262

Philippines Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. (GAIA) $249,610

Indonesia Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi) $220,481

Subtotal $830,353

Sixth Funding Cycle (FC-6)


Indonesia Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP) $249,212

Philippines Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines, Inc. (EWC) $229,751

Philippines Philippine Business for the Environment Inc. (PBE) $100,000

Subtotal $ 578,963

Targeted Grants (3)


Philippines Mother Earth Foundation $151,309


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Philippines Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI #2) $74,406

Philippines University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGARF) $100,000

Subtotal $325,715

Cumulative Program Total $5,500,000 3. Number of grant applicants supported through meetings or technical assistance Cumulative Total Applicants Supported with TA: 69 (as of September 30, 2019) Program Year 1: 17 -Catholic Relief Services (CRS Philippines) -Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR Vietnam) -Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA Vietnam) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF Galle, Sri Lanka) -Sevanatha Urban Development Centre (Sri Lanka) -Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -Philippine Plastics Industry Association (PPIA Philippines) -Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC Philippines) -Philippine Grassroots Engagement in Rural Development Foundation, Inc. (PhilGrassroots-

ERDF, Philippines) -Environment Foundation (Guarantee) Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -Asian Management and Development Institute (AMDI Vietnam) -ACTED (Philippines) -ACTED (Sri Lanka) -People in Need (Philippines) -People in Need (Sri Lanka) -Arthacharya Foundation (Sri Lanka) -Mapua Institute of Technology (MIT Philippines) Program Year 2: 29 -World Vision Inc. (Philippines) -Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI Philippines) -Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD Vietnam) -Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub Vietnam) -International Collaborating Centre for Aquaculture and Fisheries Sustainability (Vietnam) -World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF Vietnam) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna, Sri Lanka) -Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF Sri Lanka) -Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC Sri Lanka)


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-Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD #1; Ha Long Bay, Vietnam)

-Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD #2; Nam Dinh, Vietnam)

-CSR Lanka (Sri Lanka) -Center for Public Policy Transformation (Indonesia) -Perkumpulan Inisiatif (Indonesia) -Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Indonesia) -Divers Clean Action (Indonesia) -Center for Development of Community Initiative and Environment (Vietnam) -Misool Foundation (Indonesia) -BINTARI Foundation (Indonesia) -Penabulu Foundation (Indonesia) -Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Inc. (Philippines) -Mahintana Foundation (Philippines) -Sustainable Waste Indonesia -Agrotechnology Innovation Center/UGM (Indonesia) -Ocean Recovery Alliance (Indonesia) -GreenViet Biodiversity Conservation Centre (Vietnam) -Perkumpulan Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (Indonesia) -Trash Hero (Indonesia)

Program Year 3: 23 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 17 -Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (Indonesia) -Yayasan Peduli Negeri (YPN - Indonesia) -Ocean Recovery Alliance (Indonesia) -Kopernik Foundation (Indonesia) -CRS (Indonesia) -Ecowaste Coalition (Philippines) -PARMS (Philippines) -Ateneo de Manila University (Philippines) -Mahintana Foundation (Philippines) -CRS #2 (Philippines) -Help-O (Sri Lanka) -Viridis Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -UpCycling Vietnam Company Limited (Vietnam) -CECR (Vietnam) -Ocean Recovery Alliance (Vietnam) -Mother Earth Foundation (Philippines) -University of Georgia (USA/Philippines) Quarter 3: 6 -Philippines Business for the Environment (Philippines) -PARMS #2 (Philippines)


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-SM Supermalls (Philippines) -PRRCFI (Philippines) -SM Supermalls #2 (Philippines) -Ecowaste Coalition re UGARF (Philippines) Quarter 4: 0 4. Number of public policies, agreements, and regulations related to municipal waste management introduced and/or positively affected Cumulative Total Policies/Regulations: 37 (as of September 30, 2019)

Program Year 1: 1 • In Sri Lanka, MWRP grantee Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre’s President, Kananka

Jayaratne, participated as a member of the National Advisory Board convened by the Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena, which led to the passage of a law banning polythene lunch sheets, rigifoam boxes, and thin plastic bags.

Program Year 2: 87 • The HCMC People’s Committee issued Document No.129/UBND-DT in early 2018,

which provided for basic reforms on SWM that recognize the contributions and role of the IWCs. The document directs local authorities at the district/ward levels to collect information on IWCs, form them into cooperatives, and ensure access to basic social benefits. Local authorities are directed to assist the IWCs through training and financing to obtain suitable collection equipment. The document serves as a guide to support the IWC transition from the informal to formal sector. (Vietnam)

• The HCMC People’s Committee rescinded Decision No.88 on garbage collection fees in January 2018, which had been in effect since 2008. The change means that IWCs can make agreements with individual households on an acceptable fee and collect the fee directly. This decision positively impacts the IWC’s incomes. Advocacy of the HCMC People’s Committee is ongoing by the IWCs to arrive at a satisfactory fixed collection rate. (Vietnam)

• The HCMC People’s Committee issued Decision No.1832/QD-UBND in late 2017 requiring households in HCMC to separate waste at source. The decision provides guidelines for households, businesses, and schools to separate waste as a means to increase the volume of recycled waste collection. Prior to the issuance of the decision, HCMC had encouraged households to separate at source, but the IWC cooperative/syndicate’s advocacy efforts with the MONRE led them to request the People’s Committee to issue a formal decision. The decision reduces the time spent by

7 The following policy change was removed from the PY-2 total because it is still in development: “The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) is developing a new national strategy for plastics that draws upon the experience and expertise of MWRP grantees CECR and GreenHub, who are playing a pivotal role. MWRP grantees promoted a participatory approach to policy development, a notable shift from Vietnam’s typical top-down approach. MONRE invited the CECR Director, Ly Nguyen, to advise the ministry as it prepares the national strategy document and regulations.”


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IWCs sorting recyclable waste materials and simultaneously diverts waste going to the city landfill. (Vietnam)

• The People’s Committee of Xuan Ha ward, Thanh Khe district, issued Decision 138 and 139/QD-UBND in support of the establishment of a community recycling group for the implementation of the CECR project in Thuan An 4 and Thuan An 5 residential areas. These decisions specify that the community recycling group, including local authorities and representatives from socio-political organizations, are responsible for awareness-raising and changing the behavior on waste classification and recycling in the residential communities. (Vietnam)

• An Official Announcement No. 393/TB-VP was made on June 12, 2018 by Nguyen Thanh Nam, Standing Vice Chairman of Son Tra DPC, declaring the Son Tra People’s Committee’s support for the reduction, classification, and recycling of rubbish discharged in Son Tra District. The decision was the outcome of a community stakeholders' meeting. (Vietnam)

• In the wake of the country’s biggest religious festival of Vesak in April-May 2018, the Department of Local Government issued a notice to minimize the use of polythene for all ceremonies in all 49 Pradeshiya Sabhas in Galle district. (Sri Lanka)

• The Department of Local Government issued an order to collect separated waste and arrange days for plastic/polythene collection within all 49 Pradeshiya Sabhas.8 (Sri Lanka)

• Eight municipalities in the PRRCFI project area of southern Negro Occidental signed the Bayawan Agreement Declaration in August 2018 to improve SWM policies and reduce plastic waste. (Philippines)

Program Year 3: 28 (as of September 30, 2019)

Quarter 1: 4 • Through ENDA/IWC advocacy with local authorities in HCMC, Decision No.38/ 2018

QD-UBND was issued on October 22, 2018 establishing collection fees that raise the incomes of average IWCs by 60% compared to 2017 rates. (Vietnam)

• In Bacolod City, the existing ordinance on plastic bag regulation was amended on December 2, 2018 in response to advocacy by PRRCFI and other civil society organizations. Business establishments dispensing single-use plastic bags, including but not limited to fast food outlets, market vendors, shopping malls, food kiosks, sari-sari stores, hardware stores, groceries, and pharmacies, shall provide biodegradable plastic bags upon the customer’s request and expense. (Philippines)

• A new ordinance was passed on December 14, 2018 prohibiting the use of plastic straws in Bacolod City and outlining penalties for violations. PRRCFI participated in the public hearing for this ordinance and contributed inputs on alternatives to plastic straws. (Philippines)

8 A "Pradesheya Sabha" is the smallest legal entity among Sri Lankan communities, similar to a neighborhood in the U.S. and equivalent to the Philippines' "barangay."


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• With support of PRRCFI, Barangay Sum-ag, Bacolod City, passed Barangay Resolution No. 2018-11 on November 7, 2018 banning the use of plastic straws and other small plastic materials during celebrations of the Martesan Festival. (Philippines)

Quarter 2: 9 • On February 24, 2019, the Puerto Princesa City Council approved the banning of single-

use plastic in the city. The approval of the ban came after several public consultations and three years of deliberation by the City Council. C3MC participated in the most recent public hearings. The imposition of the ban will start in 2020, which will give businesses sufficient time to adopt the new policy. (Philippines)

• PRRCFI/SWEEP reached a milestone with the LGUs’ endorsements of seven Municipal Action Plans on Plastic Waste, one for each partner city in the Southern Negros Marine Key Biodiversity Area. The approved plans were finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided to each LGU and reflect that LGU’s current situation and capacity for reducing plastic waste. (Philippines) - (Note: Counted as one plan during this quarter. Revised in Q4 FY19 for six additional plans,)

• Barangay Solid Waste Management Plans were prepared and approved by six barangays in Navotas and Malabon in Metro Manila, with technical assistance from Catholic Relief Services. (Philippines)

• The Barangay Baseco Solid Waste Management Plan was prepared and approved with technical assistance from World Vision. (Philippines)

• Barangay Solid Waste Management Plans were prepared and approved by 20 barangays in Puerto Princesa City with technical assistance from Candis III Marketing Cooperative and the EcoWaste. (Philippines)

• Bayawan City, Negros Oriental. Executive Order No. 23, Series of October 24, 2018, issued an executive order prohibiting the use of single-use plastic instrumentalities in the new government center of Bayawan City and other annexed LGU offices. Its sister city, Sipalay City, issued a similar ordinance. (Philippines)

• The Governor of Negros Oriental issued an Executive Order on July 18, 2018 banning single-use plastics in the provincial government's offices and hospitals. This includes plastic bags, cups, drinking straws, mineral water bottles, disposable food containers, and polystyrene. (Philippines)

• Quang Ninh Province People's Committee issued regulations on plastic waste reduction in Plan No.41/KH-UBND on February 21, 2019 regarding implementation of the Anti-Plastic Waste Movement in Quang Ninh province. (Vietnam)

• The Hai Phong City People's Committee issued Plan No. 05/KH-UBND dated January 5, 2019 outlining its integrated SWM strategy for 2025 vision 2050. The Hai Phong People’s Committee assigned DONRE responsibility for coordinating propaganda activities calling on communities to change their behavior on single-use plastics. The Hai Phong DONRE office has requested that GreenHub organize a citywide launch event for the Plan and conduct community workshops on reducing plastic waste in the province.


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Quarter 3: 4 • The Vietnamese Prime Minister, Nguyen Xuan Phuc, launched a National Anti-Plastic

Waste Movement to motivate citizen participation to take action in addressing plastic waste pollution.

• The Ha Long City People’s Committee issued Plan No. 117/KH-UBND on April 26, 2019 announcing the deployment of the national “Anti-Plastic Waste Movement" in Ha Long City.

• The Hai Phong People’s Committee issued Official Letter No. 920-CV/TU on May 28, 2019, putting into effect the implementation of the Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc’s strategy mobilizing the entire country to join hands in solving the problem of plastic waste.

• The governor’s decree on June 23, 2019 banned all single-use plastic products in Bali (Peraturan Gubernur Bali Nomor 97 Tahun 2018). The ban applies to plastic bags, plastic straws, EPS/Styrofoam and other single-use plastic items. The regulation was initiated by the Denpasar mayor and extended by the governor to the entire island.

Quarter 4: 11 • Following a lengthy advocacy campaign led by GIDKP to the Bandung City Government,

the Mayor issued City Regulation No.37/2019 in July 2019 on Plastic Bag Reduction (“Peraturan Wali Kota Bandung No. 37 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah No.17 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik”). The regulation was launched in early September 2019.

• In Barangay Salvacion, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines, Ordinance No.15 Series 2019, was adopted regulating the utilization of single-use plastic and polystyrene foam and specifying penalties.

• In the Municipality of Basay, Negros Occidental, Ordinance No.18-08-10, Series of 2018, was enacted on Integrated Solid Waste Management, prescribing fees for SWM services, declaring certain acts prohibited and imposing penalties thereof.

• Valvettithurai Urban Council (Regulation No.427/21.05.2019) in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, passed a regulation restricting the use of plastic lunch sheets and mandating their replacement with a biodegradable, eco-friendly lunch sheet introduced by the CEA.

• Point Pedro Urban Council (Regulation No.C34/2019) in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, passed a regulation restricting the use of plastic lunch sheets and mandating their replacement with banana leaves.

• PRRCFI/SWEEP reached a milestone with the LGUs’ endorsements of seven Municipal Action Plans on Plastic Waste, one for each partner city in the Southern Negros Marine Key Biodiversity Area. The approved plans were finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided to each LGU and reflect that LGU’s current situation and capacity for reducing plastic waste. (Philippines) - (Note: Counted as one plan during this quarter. Revised in Q4 FY19 as six additional plans,)


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5. Number of activities to more effectively integrate the private sector into solid waste management: Cumulative Total Activities: 35 (as of September 30, 2019) Program Year 1: 0 Program Year 2: 9

• CRS provided technical assistance to informal sector IWCs and to the small junk shops purchasing plastics and other recycled materials.

• CECR facilitated connections between ward-level Women’s Union groups and local recycling firms.

• WWF continued to work with the Phu Quoc Chamber of Commerce to set up a voluntary working group for participating businesses to share information, advice, and accomplishments on plastic waste management.

• GreenHub continued to cooperate with private hotels, restaurants and tourist boats to collect information on plastic consumption and waste handling.

• ENDA met with corporations, which include Coca-Cola, Tetra Pak, Unilever, and Vietnam Upcycling, to find solutions on how to recycle single-use plastics.

• Sevanatha assisted microentrepreneurs to develop viable recycling operations in environmental hotspots through community education campaigns and linkages with recycling firms.

• Janathakshan carried out workshops with fishermen and boat owners, training sessions with 15 supermarkets including staff and customers, and visits to 80 hotels and restaurants, linking many of them to PET recyclers.

• SLCDF Galle identified private recyclers and linked them with community-based plastic waste collection centers to expand their supply chain.

• Lanka Upcycles established PET bottle collection operations with its local partnering businesses in Arugam Bay and sells the compacted PET bottles to a Colombo-based recycler.


Quarter 1: 7 • World Vision provided technical assistance to informal sector IWCs and to the small

junk shops purchasing plastics and other recycled materials, in partnership with The Plastic Bank. The project held a 2-day workshop with 33 participants on business management and established the local Kabalikat Grocery Store as a redemption center for recyclable materials. The project also facilitated the connection of seven junkshops to national recyclers.

• Sevanatha met with Coca-Cola representatives to discuss plans each party has for plastic waste management. The company expressed interest in supporting community-level initiatives in waste segregation, the collection of PET bottles and plastic waste, and providing training for people who are engaged in recyclable waste collection activities in the project area.


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• Janathakshan incorporated 15 target regular supermarkets into the “No Polythene” campaign, to join 2 large supermarket chains (LAUGFs & Co-op), and 30 mini-markets. The supermarkets have experienced a considerable reduction in the purchase and use of plastic shopping bags.

• Lanka Upcycles signed a purchase agreement with Eco Spindles PVT Ltd. in Horana near Colombo and sent the first batch of 105 PET bales to the company, which recycles the plastic into polyester yarn. In November 2018, the project team visited the factory, which also produces bristles for brooms and paint brushes.

• CCC convened 23 representatives from different economic sectors to coordinate with the government of Sri Lanka to develop a Public-Private Partnership (PPP*) roadmap for plastic recycling in the country. Selected private sector firms participate with the government in the official Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Project Steering Committee.

• GreenHub is working this quarter with the International Collaborating Centre for Aquaculture and Fisheries Sustainability and other partners including Line-X paint company to pilot a model of an “Environment-Friendly Solutions for Floating Materials in Aquaculture in Ha Long Bay, Bai Tu Long Bay,” culminating in a workshop held on December 28, 2018.

• GreenHub joined with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry to attend the Trade Forum between Korea and the Mekong region countries on December 13-14, 2018 in Seoul, Korea, with the theme of promoting common prosperity through environmentally friendly initiatives.

Quarter 2: 9

• BINTARI operated a partnership with Indofood, local food vendors, and recyclers to incentivize the collection of low-value noodle packets for resale.

• Misool continued to revitalize its formal working arrangements with dozens of small community-based bank sampahs to purchase collected recyclables. Misool sells those recyclables in large volumes (450 MT in 2018) to industrial recycling firms in Java.

• Janathakshan collaborated with the Negombo hotel sector, assisting them to review their management of guest services and put into place plastic waste reduction practices.

• MCD conducted research and experiments with local universities to design and install river-based waste traps using locally appropriate technologies.

• WWF trained fishermen in Duong Dong Town on plastic waste reduction in coordination with the local government.

• WWF assisted major hotels in the tourist industry to establish voluntary targets to reduce their plastic consumption, set up recycling operations, and join the Phu Quoc SWM Platform.

• ENDA worked jointly with IWCs to organize new district-level cooperatives to address the economic issues of its members.

• C3MC worked with local IWCs to identify markets for the recyclables collected in distant, hard-to-reach barangays.


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• PRRCFI worked with small grocery store owners in Sipalay and Cauayan to develop a business model with a low-plastic footprint that meets the needs of low-income residents.

Quarter 3: 1 • DCA has an agreement with Danone to purchase plastic waste and low-value residual

plastics from recyclers collecting on the Thousand Islands and with H&M to reuse plastic waste for apparel.

Quarter 4: 9 • PRRCFI organized a ‘Brands Roundtable for Less Waste’ to convene NGOs and

corporations to share their visions and plans for reducing single-use plastic waste through redesign and recycling; attended by 30 representatives from corporations and social enterprises including Unilever, Nestlé, Starbucks, Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf, San Miguel Corporation, Globe Telecom, Max’s Group, Inc., Human Heart Nature, SESOU Nature Source, Coco Pallet, Sip PH, and Green Antz Builders.

• Janathakshan in Negombo, Sri Lanka, provided 30 hours of technical assistance training to the Negombo Municipal Council staff to aid in implementing the Green Star rating program with local supermarket chains. The Green Star rating system measures supermarket compliance with established standards in plastic waste reduction. The Green Star rating program has grown to 17 supermarkets.

• Lanka Upcycles company (Rice & Carry) became a guaranteed member of the World Fair Trade Organization, a significant accomplishment for an enterprise working on producing recycled plastic goods. The company recently received its first bulk order from Urban Island for 1,540 recycled plastic buckles for bags at a Four Seasons resort in the Maldives Islands. Rice & Carry is working with Phoenix Industries on a planned expansion of its manufacturing capacity.

• The WWF-organized Phu Quoc SWM Platform worked with 40 tourism sector businesses to secure commitments to reduce single-use plastics in their businesses. Participating businesses received a WWF Plastics-Reducing Practices Participation Certificate for display in their businesses.

• World Vision secured financial support from the Coca Cola Foundation, in combination with DENR, to fund the construction of a new MRF for Barangay Baseco in Metro Manila.

• BINTARI linked its bank sampah operators with the Indonesia State Bank (BNI) Agen46 program. Agen46 facilitates access by small- and medium-sized enterprises to banking services such as savings accounts, digital financial services, and e-payment services.

• PBE is partnering with PARMS and Robinsons shopping malls in Metro Manila to test the feasibility of converting low-value residual plastic waste such as bags, utensils, and sachets into marketable products like interlocking building blocks, parking bumpers, pallets and bollards.

• PRRCFI is partnering with SM Supermalls to educate, raise awareness, and change behaviors of the public on plastic waste, through a creative information campaign targeting consumers in Metro Manila and throughout the country. The project supports the Government of the Philippines initiative to clean up and rehabilitate Manila Bay.


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• Sevanatha partnered with Coca Cola to place 20 collection bins for PET bottles at schools and other locations around Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia.

6. Percentage of grantees that have incorporated one or more women’s empowerment indicators in their monitoring and evaluation plans: Percentage of Grantees: 100% (30 grantees; cumulative total to date 30/30) Program Year 1: 0% Program Year 2: 10% (2 grantees; cumulative total 2/20)

-Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

-Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre

Program Year 3: 100% (28 additional grantees; cumulative total 30/30 on September 30, 2019)

Quarter 1: 45% (7 additional grantees; cumulative total 9/20) -Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PPRCFI #1) -Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #1 Galle) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna) -Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #1: Ha Long) -Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #2: Nam Dinh) -Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA) Quarter 2: 65% (6 additional grantees; cumulative total 15/23) -Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR) -Center for Social Research & Development (CSRD) -Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. -Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. -Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) -Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) Quarter 3: 88% (7 additional grantees; cumulative total 22/25) -WWF Vietnam -C3MC -Bintari Foundation -Misool Foundation -Divers Clean Action -Gringgo Indonesia Foundation -Transformasi Quarter 4: 100% (8 additional grantees; cumulative total 30/30) -PRRCFI #2 -Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) -University of George Research Foundation (UGARF) -Mother Earth Foundation


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-Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines Inc. (EWC) -GAIA -GIDKP -World Vision-Philippines

COMPONENT 2: Evaluation of Grants Program Results and Development of Lessons Learned &

Recommendations for USAID Investments 7. Number of investment opportunities identified to improve solid waste management Cumulative Total SWM/Recycling Investment Opportunities: 16

Program Year 1: 1 -Phoenix Industries Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka)

Program Year 2: 15 -PT Harapan Interaksi Swadaya/Greenhope (Indonesia) -PT Xaviera Global Synergy (Indonesia) -Polydime International (Sri Lanka) -Orient Group of Companies (Sri Lanka) -Viridis Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -Eco Sans Plastics Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -Dai Long Group JSC (Vietnam) -Hoai Nam Hoai Bac Company (Vietnam) -Da Loc Trade and Construction LLC Project 1 (Vietnam) -Da Loc Trade and Construction LLC Project 2 (Vietnam) -Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Dagupan City -Green Desert Company Ltd. (Vietnam) -Basic Environmental Systems Technologies Inc. (BEST Philippines); Cebu City -Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Angeles City -Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Cabuyao, Laguna


Quarter 1: 0

Quarter 2: 0

Quarter 3: 0

Quarter 4: 0 8. Number of lessons learned on solid waste management practices affecting plastic pollution Cumulative Total Lessons Learned: 50 (as of September 30, 2019)


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Program Year 1: 0 Program Year 2: 6 Program Year 3: 44


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The numbers in parentheses ( ) in the table below indicate the other category(ies) that includes the same lesson learned. The 22 new lessons learned for this quarter are indicated in bold.

No. CATEGORY LESSON

1 Government legal and regulatory reform (local/national)

• Local ordinances mandating segregation-at source for households are an important catalyst for behavior change. • Expert advice given to national governments by MWRP grantees can be a lengthy process because of political dynamics and will likely be stalled during election cycles.

2 Local government engagement

• The local government’s messaging to promote solid waste separation at source in communities is practical only when coupled with the availability of proper recycling and waste collection practices. (5) • Having local government authorities involved in developing a communication strategy to encourage the reduction of plastic waste and reinforcing the message is a more effective means of instilling behavior change than just having an NGO directly communicate with households. (5) • The frequent turnover caused by election cycles of local government officials and environmental staff responsible for SWM underscores the need to have clear laws and regulations, institutionalized structures for SWM operations, and technical training and support to reinforce the transition to new implementing units. • Project planning with the open and transparent participation of community and local authority stakeholders generates considerable and positive public engagement at the implementation level (SLCDF Jaffna).

3 Local government financial sustainability and cost recovery

• Local government units (LGU) that receive technical assistance to improve implementation of community SWM plans generate new jobs and provide benefits (e.g., permits, health and social services) for informal waste collectors. (8,9,13) • Local government elected officials in some countries in the region claim that charging residents a fee for SWM service is difficult, thereby negatively impacting their SWM budgets and capacity to deliver quality services.

4 Local government investment considerations

• One-time, minor investments into collection tools and equipment for IWCs are a cost-effective means for creating sustainable, market driven SWM systems in communities. (13,16) • Local governments typically lack capital funds to invest in SWM infrastructure (landfills, vehicles, etc.) and are reliant upon national government transfers for major expenditures in all four countries. • Local government SWM authorities face critical unfunded mandates from national laws for waste collection and SWM infrastructure, i.e., sanitary landfills, vehicles, and equipment.

5 Information, education & communications; i.e., raising awareness of stakeholders

• The local government’s messaging to promote solid waste separation at source in communities is practical only when coupled with the availability of proper recycling and waste collection practices. (2)


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• A training of trainers’ approach with civil society CBOs and volunteers is an effective means of reaching large numbers of community residents in a short timeframe, and of promoting behavior change in local SWM practices. (8) • Having local government authorities involved in developing a communication strategy to encourage the reduction of plastic waste and reinforcing the message is a more effective means of instilling behavior change than just having an NGO directly communicate with households. (2) • Utilizing multiple communication channels for outreach to raise awareness and promote a grants program elicits a strong response from interested local organizations. • Comprehensive solid waste manuals, posters, and informational flyers on the importance of proper waste management are effective educational tools for local governments and civil society to use for civic education among households and establishments (schools, businesses, etc.). • Beach clean-ups and/or settlement cleaning activities to raise local awareness have been effective ways to identify community leaders and secure commitments from government officials. • Social behavior change communication techniques should be adapted to age and gender diversity, must consider local religious and cultural contexts as well as economic circumstances, and can be effective with youth and in schools. • Social media is proving to be an effective tool to inform and mobilize youth to participate in community projects and in advocacy campaigns to influence public officials on the need to address the plastic waste problem and its impact on the oceans. • MWRP public events and activities, such as coastal cleanups and waste audits, are an effective way of encouraging the population to continue spreading the word about marine plastic pollution and the importance of reducing plastic use and recycling. Following such events and activities, many groups and organizations reach out to MWRP grantees requesting guidelines on how to carry out their own ocean plastic-awareness activities. Grantees can benefit from making guidelines and manuals available for replication. • Door to door education and awareness raising activities directed at households on how to segregate recyclable waste are necessary for achieving broad levels of community compliance. (7) • School-based educational activities have proven effective at raising awareness among large numbers of students, teachers and administrators. • Radio spots are an effective means of messaging large populations. • Competitions, such as poster designs, clothing, and photography, are useful for generating interest among youth on the ocean plastic waste issue. (10)


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6 Behavior change in waste management (households & businesses)

• The higher unit cost of alternative shopping bags is often seen by shop owners as an impediment to reducing the use of single-use plastic shopping bags but, in some cases, shop owners have experienced a reduction in the unit cost of alternatives as their use scales up. • Changes in single-use plastics consumption and separating recyclables in the tourism sector is driven primarily by economic benefit considerations and customer preferences. • The government’s clean-up of accumulated garbage piles in a community should be accompanied with appropriate outreach and messaging and follow-up to ensure the location will not become littered again with garbage. (11) • School-based training on plastic waste pollution and recycling has led to students’ households doing waste separation at source and recycling.

7 Segregation at source (households & businesses)

• A women-to-women approach to promoting community participation in SWM and recycling is proving effective for civil society organizations in various MWRP countries. (8) • Door to door education and awareness raising activities directed at households on how to segregate recyclable waste are necessary for achieving broad levels of community compliance. (5)

8 Capacity building of stakeholders

• A training of trainers’ approach with civil society CBOs and volunteers is an effective means of reaching large numbers of community residents in a short timeframe, and of promoting behavior change in local SWM practices. (5) • A women-to-women approach to promoting community participation in SWM and recycling is proving effective for civil society organizations in various MWRP countries. (7,10) • Few grantee organizations have significant experience with SWM and plastic waste recycling, underscoring the need for grantees to receive technical assistance in finalizing their project designs and during implementation. • LGUs that receive technical assistance to improve implementation of community SWM plans generate new jobs and provide benefits (e.g., permits, health and social services) for informal waste collectors. (3,9,13) • Informal/IWCs, as individuals or groups, and small recycling firms, benefit from higher incomes when they are exposed to training sessions and technical support oriented towards improving their business skills and understanding of the plastic waste recycling market. (9,13) • Support from stakeholders such as NGOs, the city environmental agency, or religious organizations in training and networking increase the recycling capacity of community waste recycling groups (e.g., bank sampah). (9) • Exposure visits between waste recycling groups (WRG), i.e., waste banks, are valuable opportunities for learning and for sharing knowledge and approaches.


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• Training in waste bank management is most effective when participants are able to visit recycling operations instead of simply participating in a workshop/presentation on the topic. • Training materials on business management and health/safety/environmental considerations are essential for organizing and promoting sustainable community recycling operations in Indonesia.

9 Community-based SWM strategies

• The community-based SWM model operating in Da Nang demonstrates the importance of mobilizing a broad base of stakeholders (households, community leaders, women’s union, IWCs, local recyclers/buyers, URENCO solid waste managers, city environmental staff, and political officials from the People’s Committee) committed to identifying workable solutions such as “Clean House, Clean Street, Clean City.” (10) • The active participation of grassroots community leaders and CBOs is fundamental to gaining community support, implementing successful projects, and gaining support from the local government. • LGUs that receive technical assistance to improve implementation of community SWM plans generate new jobs and provide benefits (e.g., permits, health and social services) for informal waste collectors. (3,8,13) • Informal/IWCs, as individuals or groups, and small recycling firms, benefit from higher incomes when they are exposed to training sessions and technical support oriented towards improving their business skills and understanding of the plastic waste recycling market. (8,13) • Support from stakeholders such as NGOs, the city environmental agency, or religious organizations in training and networking increase the recycling capacity of community waste recycling groups (e.g., bank sampah). (8) • Community waste recycling groups with varied economic components (e.g., credit, daily bartering, and cooperation with recycling firms) attract more household participation. • An effective way to engage women in training on solid waste management and to empower them is to encourage men to voluntarily manage household waste and to help women obtain jobs in the solid waste sector. (10)

10 Gender and youth-based approaches to improved SWM

• The community-based SWM model operating in Da Nang demonstrates the importance of mobilizing a broad base of stakeholders (households, community leaders, women’s union, IWCs, local recyclers/buyers, URENCO solid waste managers, city environmental staff, and political officials from the People’s Committee) committed to identifying workable solutions such as “Clean House, Clean Street, Clean City.” (9) • An effective way to engage women in training on solid waste management and to empower them is to encourage men to voluntarily manage household waste and to help women obtain jobs in the solid waste sector. (9)


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• A women-to-women approach to promoting community participation in SWM and recycling is proving effective for civil society organizations in various MWRP countries. (7,8) • Competitions, such as poster designs, clothing, and photography, are useful for generating interest among youth on the ocean plastic waste issue. (5) • Corporations are learning that an important way to engage with youth is through IEC campaigns addressing global environmental issues, such as reducing ocean plastic pollution. (13)

11 Environmental hotspots

• Coordinating efforts around the local government’s provision of transport services, IWCs’ outreach to households, and community recyclers purchase of recyclables result in waste collection services penetrating into hard-to-reach “last mile” locations within urban neighborhoods. (12) • The government’s clean-up of accumulated garbage piles in a community should be accompanied with appropriate outreach and messaging and follow-up to ensure that the location will not become littered again with garbage. (6)

12 Independent waste collector sector

• The continuity of essential contributions by IWCs is reinforced through their regularization and integration with local government SWM operations, and by support for higher incomes through public sector stipends and household/ business garbage collection fees. • One-time, minor investments into collection tools and equipment for IWCs are a cost-effective means for creating sustainable, market driven SWM systems in communities. (4,16) • LGUs that receive technical assistance to improve implementation of community SWM plans generate new jobs and provide benefits (e.g., permits, health and social services) for informal waste collectors. (3,8,9) • Informal/IWCs, as individuals or groups, and small recycling firms, benefit from higher incomes when they are exposed to training sessions and technical support oriented towards improving their business skills and understanding of the plastic waste recycling market. (8,9) • Community waste banks are strengthened through several means that include expanding the active leadership group, developing community “champions” for outreach, training banks in business management/administration, engaging local political leaders (village chief, barangay captains, etc.), increasing household coverage, and involving male participants. • The plastic value chain is improved for IWCs through improved access to market pricing on a real-time basis, i.e., using cellphone applications. (14)

13 Private sector participation

• A national or international corporation’s business locations, activities, and strategy in a specific country strongly influences its level of corporate engagement with MWRP.


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• Corporations are learning that an important way to engage with youth is through IEC campaigns addressing global environmental issues, such as reducing ocean plastic pollution. (10)

14 Plastic value chain • Strengthening the plastic value chain linkages between private sector stakeholders (i.e., IWCs, local recyclers/buyers, national-level buyers) and the local government results in a reduction of waste going into public landfills. • Waste bank database management is essential for monitoring the progress of waste recycling groups (WRG aka “waste banks”) and waste bank transparency. • Collaboration of the waste recycling groups with local organization/companies with market bazaars for sale/barter of recycled items are an effective means to increase the number of participating community residents. • Identifying intermediary waste buyers/collectors are helpful for WRGs to obtain competitive prices for their collected recyclables. • The plastic value chain is improved for IWCs through improved access to market pricing on a real-time basis, i.e., using cellphone applications. (12,15)

15 Technological innovation

• Waste traps are effective for capturing and removing solid waste from waterways, however, they must be strategically located and regularly maintained to avoid incidents of flooding. The municipal government must be willing to take responsibility for cleaning the traps in a timely manner. • Sorting bins for various types of waste are effective in a school environment. Schools are using the revenues from selling recyclables to improve the students’ daily lives. • One-time, minor investments into collection tools and equipment for IWCs are a cost-effective means for creating sustainable, market driven SWM systems in communities. (4,13) • The plastic value chain is improved for IWCs through improved access to market pricing on a real-time basis, i.e., using cellphone applications. (12,14) • Digital money cellphone applications are simple, useful tools for managing community waste banks.


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COMPONENT 3: Support for International Cooperation on Waste Management

9. Number of strategic partnerships facilitated between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management Cumulative Total: 1 (as of September 30, 2019)

Program Year 1: 0

Program Year 2: 0


Quarter 1: 0

Quarter 2: 1 • MWRP reached an agreement with the Ocean Conservancy (OC) to work together on

issues related to ocean plastic debris.

Quarter 3: 0

Quarter 4: 0

10. Number of meetings to facilitate potential partnerships between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management Cumulative Total: 5 Program Year 1: 1

• Oceans Conservancy – Date: July 19, 2017; Location: Washington D.C.; Participants: COR Darren Manning and COP, Henri Disselkoen, with Ocean Conservancy’s Susan Ruffo and Eric des Robert; Topic: Cooperation between USAID/MWRP and Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas Program, and future collaboration with the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Virtual Working Group on Marine Debris.

Program Year 2: 3 • Ocean Conservancy – Date: June 12, 2018; Location: Washington D.C.; Participants:

COR Clare Romanik, ACOR Silvia Petrova, and COP Henri Disselkoen with Ocean Conservancy’s Keondra Bills Freemyn; Topic: APEC conference with USAID/MWRP participation.

• Ocean Conservancy – Date: June 29, 2018; Location: Hanoi, Vietnam; Participants: COP Henri Disselkoen with Ocean Conservancy’s Susan Ruffo; Topic: APEC conference with USAID/MWRP participation.

• Ocean Conservancy – Date: September 2018 (several sessions); Location Washington D.C.; Participants: COR Clare Romanik, COP Henri Disselkoen; Topic: OOC.


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Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 1

• Dr. Jenna Jambeck, Ph.D.: Series of meetings/communications between October 2018 and March 2019 for future collaboration on plastic pollution issues, particularly in the Philippines.

Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0


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ANNEX 2: DRAFT SUCCESS STORY

Communities Transitioning Away from Single-Use Plastic Bags The Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) is leading two projects under USAID’s Municipal Waste Recycling Program, in Jaffna District in the north and Galle District in the south. The SLCDF implementation model relies heavily on mobilizing and training women who are members of grassroots, community-based organizations to conduct outreach activities at the village and household levels. In Jaffna District, SLCDF works in four urban councils (Valvettithurai, Chavakachcheri, Point Pedro, and Jaffna) and in Galle District in 22 villages along the Gin Ganga River. After extensive door-to-door consultations and group trainings, the village residents in Galle District have instituted measures to promote recycling of plastics, alternatives to single-use plastics, composting of organic waste, and eliminating the burning of trash. The communities recognized that an important step towards a cleaner community was the need to find cheap replacements for the proliferation of plastic and polythene bags used in local shops. In Galle and Jaffna, 8,187 households in Galle and 9,540 households in Jaffna have begun waste separation at source and succeeded in convincing the local authority to increase collection services in response to the community’s change in behavior. The local authority’s Health Officers noted that these improvements have resulted in significant reductions in cases of dengue fever and asthma among children.

As part of the strategy to improve solid waste management and recycling, SLCDF identified a group of economically marginalized women seeking opportunities to improve their livelihoods. They identified tailoring microenterprises looking to scale up their activities and brought in training programs. The seamstresses were taught how to make shopping bags from cloth or upcycled banner materials. The SLCDF community facilitators helped the 24 participating women find outlets to sell their products. The alternative bags have quickly found a place in the local market

and village shops and led to a reduced volume of plastic waste. Irangatulasi, age 28, from Alwai North, is a program beneficiary who is making cloth bags in bulk. She said that “I am skilled in tailoring and attended a course in how to make bags. Before the training program I earned 20,000 Rupees (US $110) per month. After my program my


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income has increased another 10,000 Rupees (US $55).” Another participant Sivatharsha, age 24, also from Alwai North, noted that “my tailoring skills are my main source of income and I have seen my income grow after the training by 3,000 Rupees (US $17) per month.” Depending on the type of cloth bag, they are sold for about 65 Rupees (US $0.35) per bag, affordable to the local population and sufficient to provide a reasonable livelihood for the tailoring shops. SLCDF and four local authorities in Galle and Jaffna are distributing cloth bags to residents as part of the village-level awareness raising program on plastic waste and recycling. Within these project communities, the noticeable change in behavior in how households manage their waste materials is further reinforced by the tangible economic benefits accruing to local residents.


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ANNEX 3: DETAILED UPDATE OF THE GRANTS As of September 30, 2019, MWRP has 30 signed grant agreements in the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, and Indonesia valued at USD 5,500,000. Below is a brief overview, by country, of the progress made by each grantee during the last quarter of PY-3. 2.4.1 Philippines

In each Filipino municipality, the local government units (LGUs) and sub-municipal units (barangays) have insufficient resources and only modest technical capacity to design and implement efficient municipal SWM plans. The grantees noted, however, that elected local government leaders, environmental officials, residents, and business owners are motivated to improve the solid waste conditions in their communities – as mandated by national law – but complain of insufficient public awareness, budgets, and infrastructure. Grantees indicated that supporting collectors and buyers in the communities (e.g., informal collectors, government service providers, junk shop workers, and large wholesale buyers) plays a pivotal role in expanding recycling and improving SWM. Catholic Relief Services (CRS) (FC-1) completed project implementation in Navotas City and Malabon City, Metro Manila on November 30, 2018. CRS strengthened the capacity of six barangays to operate community-based, market-based SWM systems, which benefited ~26,400 people through the “City Empowerment for Local and Market-Based Solid Waste Management (SWM) Solutions” project. The six barangays with a total of 6,000 households successfully organized their SWM committees, as well as city and barangay officials increased their knowledge of SWM through intensive training sessions on the national SWM laws and regulations. Each barangay also formulated a SWM plan with improved community-based SWM systems that strengthened waste collection, landfill diversion, and plastic recycling in their communities. The SWM plans achieved on average a 61% diversion rate on recyclable waste and trained a total of 49 females and 40 males as door-to-door waste collectors and small-scale junk shop recycling businesses. These collectors, who were organized into 30 social microenterprises, spearheaded waste recovery and recycling in the project sites and are earning a livable average monthly income of USD 229, which is above the region’s minimum wage. The project engaged community residents in facilitating their adoption of improved solid waste management practices and led 54 community clean-up events attended by 4,074 community members. Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation (PRRCFI) (FC-2) in Negros Occidental underwent an MTE and is moving toward project completion on March 31, 2020. PRRCFI’s Sea Waste Education to Eradicate Plastic (SWEEP) project’s technical assistance to municipal governments continued with visits to all eight LGUs in July to meet newly elected councilors following elections in May and to reinforce working relationships with officials already engaged with MWRP. SWEEP provides support on SWM issues in relation to the drafting of ordinances and policies to reduce the prevalence of single-use plastics, expand recycling, and improve SWM plans.


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The project provided support to the eight zero-waste sari-sari (convenience) stores it helped establish in the project municipalities. These stores sell consumer goods, such as shampoo, soap, cooking oil, and condiments in reusable containers instead of single-use plastic sachets. SWEEP has received numerous requests for assistance in setting up more such stores. PRRCFI organized a monthly “Wala Usik (zero-waste) Innovation Lab” with a mix of businesses in the Visayas region, including working through the Design Thinking method to develop packaging alternatives without plastic that can be applied in a zero-waste convenience store operation. Advocacy and networking activities for the project this last quarter of PY-3 included a dozen events, including an Environmental Forum looking at regulatory issues around SWM, and the deployment of Fishbolan, SWEEP's mobile IEC, at the Seal of Good Environmental Governance Awarding Ceremony where the SWEEP program was recognized by the Provincial Environment Management Office of Negros Occidental for its significant impacts in grassroots coastal communities. The PRRCFI’s SWEEP Facebook page now has over 5,300 followers. As part of SWEEP's support to its partnership with three branches of McDonalds, the team conducted the 2nd Wala Usik Workshop with 24 crew and staff. McDonald’s established seven Wala Usik action points that cover actions on plastic free crew meal sets, straw and lid policies, and a plastic bag policy to be implemented in the three stores. Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) (FC-2), in Puerto Princesa City, underwent a partial MTE in June 2019. During the first year of project implementation, C3MC had encountered difficulties while working with the 19 originally targeted LGUs. DIG, thus, amended the C3MC grant agreement during the second quarter of FY 2019. The project now focuses on five barangays within the city (Bancao-Bancao, San Jose, Irawan, Bacungan and Salvacion) to more effectively increase the capacity of local governments, civil society, and the private sector to reduce plastic in the marine environment. Activities include raising public awareness of the issue, supporting SWM planning and the regulation of plastic waste, increasing economic opportunities for IWCs, and promoting household waste segregation linked to recycling. A second MTE visit will take place in October 2019 to provide additional technical assistance to C3MC and to evaluate further progress with eight months left in implementation. During the last quarter of PY-3, the grantee provided technical assistance to three barangays to guide them in shifting their SWM collection schedules to align with IWCs now working with project technical support to expand household segregation at source and scale-up recycling. The project intensified IEC at the household, community and school level with the participation of 1,473, students and community members at 25 events, and worked with LGUs to strengthen SWM plans and legislation through technical workshops involving 140 staff and community leaders. The project reports that 1,570 households are now segregating waste, with the overall project goal to reach 5,852 households. World Vision (FC-2), with its partner the Plastic Bank, completed its project in Barangay Baseco, Manila. World Vision met its project objective of increasing by 20% the average monthly income from recycling of 1,200 garbage collectors. World Vision also surpassed its target of 70 metric tons of plastic waste collected and recycled, reaching 73 metric tons during


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project implementation. In addition, out of the 1,200 waste collectors, 150 are now members of six community managed savings and credit associations. The project facilitated a new Barangay Solid Waste Management Plan, including the signing of a tripartite agreement with the LGU, Kabalikat sa Kaunlaran ng BASECO Inc, and World Vision. A Materials Recovery System (MRS) was established in the community wherein households now have access to a collection system of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETs), High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) etc. in exchange for basic consumer goods products. The project provided a total of 120 hours in technical assistance training to government officials. The project assisted the barangay in securing funding from DENR and the Coca Cola Foundation for the MRS. Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines (GAIA) (FC-5) manages its project through two subgrantees who are implementing activities in Vietnam and Indonesia. In Vietnam, GAIA’s subgrantee GreenViet Biodiversity Conservation Centre’s (GreenViet) focus is on the implementation of zero-waste model in Cam Thanh commune in Hoi An and the Cham Islands. In Indonesia, through GAIA’s subgrantee Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB), the project is expanding a zero-waste approach in the Bandung City Coblong District, one of the most populous areas. Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines (EWC) (FC-6) signed a research-focused MWRP grant agreement in July 2019. The project goal is to provide national government waste management institutions with reliable data and comprehensive studies on SWM and plastic waste leakage into Manila Bay to facilitate improvements in solid waste management policies and practices in Metro Manila. During this last quarter of PY-3, EcoWaste submitted its project implementation plan, branding and marking plan, and M&E plan, and organized a workshop held in early October with the University of Georgia’s Dr. Jenna Jambeck and senior DENR officials to coordinate research and data collection efforts by all three entities related to plastic waste pollution in Manila Bay. Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) (FC-6) signed an MWRP grant agreement in September 2019. In partnership with its subgrantee, Philippine Alliance for Recycling and Materials Sustainability (PARMS), PBE will work with Robinsons shopping malls in Metro Manila to test the feasibility of converting low-value residual waste recovered in malls, such as plastic bags and sachets, into marketable products (e.g., interlocking building blocks, parking bumpers, pallets and bollards). Mother Earth Foundation (Targeted Grant) signed an MWRP grant agreement on June 30, 2019 to mobilize and train city project staff and local partners in Batangas City to support the Batangas City Environment and Natural Resources Office with establishing zero-waste models in 30 barangays. Mother Earth will facilitate the decentralization of segregated waste collection, the regulation of single-use plastics, and the recovery of high-value recyclable materials. During this last quarter of PY-3, MEF submitted its project implementation plan, branding and marking plan, and M&E plan.


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University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGARF) (Targeted Grant), led by Dr. Jenna Jambeck, signed an MWRP grant agreement in September 2019. Under this grant, UGARF will conduct research on land-based plastic waste leaking into Manila Bay, promote the startup of circular economic principles for urban communities along Manila Bay, and support the design and evaluation of the research activities of the MWRP grantee EcoWaste Coalition. At the conclusion of the project, UGARF will submit a technical report to the Government of the Philippines outlining policy and practice recommendations for addressing SWM system weaknesses and how to reduce plastic waste leakage in the communities adjoining Manila Bay. Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI) (Targeted Grant) signed a second MWRP grant agreement in September 2019. In partnership with SM Supermalls, PRRCFI will help educate, raise awareness, and foster behavior change among the Filipino public on plastic waste, through a creative public information campaign targeting consumers and communities in Metro Manila, Negros Occidental, and throughout the rest of country. By heightening collective awareness on the need to significantly control and reduce waste (especially waste produced by single-use plastic), the project will support the recent national government initiative to clean up and rehabilitate Manila Bay. The project will work in partnership with SM Cares, a part of SM Supermalls, taking advantage of SM Cares’ marketing expertise and the fact that the company’s 72 commercial centers receive an average of 4 million visitors per day, allowing ocean plastic messaging to reach a large audience. 2.4.2 Sri Lanka

Project activities returned to normal following disruptions related to the Easter terrorist bombings. After those events, MWRP grantees had to reduce activities in schools, communities and other public spaces, following the directives of local and national security officials. With MWRP support, grantees continue to share information among themselves. MWRP provided support to Independent Waste Collectors (IWCs) on accessing finance/capital, improving cost recovery, gaining formal recognition, instituting behavior change at the community level, and working with local authorities and schools. Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre (FC-1) stayed on track to meet its project objectives despite significant challenges. A change in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia Municipal Commission leadership resulted in diminished support for the project and, in particular, municipal support for the community materials recovery facility (MRF) in Badowita. The new municipal leadership decided to stop purchasing recyclable plastic waste from IWCs supported by the project so Sevanatha is connecting the collectors to private sector buyers, such as the Beira Group. On a positive note, the municipality has opened a second MRF with project support, modeled after the Badowita experience. The MRF is located in a second neighborhood, Rathmalana, and will expand recycling opportunities to hundreds of households. The project trained the staff at the new MRF on record keeping, office management, sorting, and storing, as well as linking them to plastic waste recyclers.


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The project continued its work with 27 IWCs and helped the majority to receive official certification from the Central Environment Authority (CEA), following field visits by CEA staff to observe IWC operations. The certification legitimizes their collection and recycling activities and allows them to receive CEA trainings. The project carried out additional trainings to link the collectors to private sector waste recyclers. A series of trainings in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Administration and Management guided 250 participants on income generation opportunities from plastic waste. Janathakshan (Guarantee) Limited (FC-1), operating in the municipalities of Negombo and Katunayake, is working with the main contributors of mishandled plastic waste – households, hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, and fishing harbors – to reduce the generation of plastic waste and increase recycling. The project will soon be completed with a scheduled end date of December 31, 2019. The project has worked collaboratively with 15 supermarkets during the quarter and began a second round of evaluations of the Green Star Rating System for plastic waste that assesses supermarkets to rate their progress in reducing plastic shopping bag waste. The project reports that most supermarkets have made progress, with some documenting a 30% reduction in plastic bag usage. Further support to supermarket staff ran in parallel with technical assistance provided to hotel staff, fishing boat crews, Negombo Municipal Council officers, and private recycling entrepreneurs. During the quarter, Janathakshan provided 820 hours of training and 119 hours of technical assistance to local entities. The project’s engagement with women in the recycling value chain advanced with trainings to help them network with key stakeholders in the sector, with 80 women receiving training for more than 3 hours with another 200 actively involved in education programming. Youth also were key participants in project activities, representing 71% of attendees in various education events and trainings. At the household level, the project has reached 1,500 families, which are actively segregating waste at home that collectors bring to recycling centers. Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) Galle (FC-1), which is in the final stages of project implementation, operates in 29 villages, up from the original target of 22 villages, through a consortium of community-based organizations (CBOs). In Q4 FY 2019, SLCDF confirmed (through visits to a sampling of trained households) that approximately 84% are actively segregating waste at home and 51% sell plastic waste to recyclers. Household trainings have reached 8,560 families to date, including 1,287 new households in 71 training workshops in Q4 FY 2019. Formal and informal venders and shopkeepers in the project area interviewed by SLCDF indicated that their spending on plastic shopping bags had dropped about 40% in recent months, which was attributed to the influence of the project’s education campaigns. SLCDF’s educational activities continue in 25 schools, 15 of which are located next to rivers near the coast. The project staff has noted a reduction in plastic waste in and around the schools and these waterways. The students and teachers focus on causes and effects of environmental pollution and degradation, along with establishing or strengthening the school’s environmental club and putting a plan of action into implementation.


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The project won much praise this last quarter of PY-3 for helping local authorities and the public in celebrating the annual “Seenigama Dewala” festival. This religious event, held on the coast each August, draws more than 100,000 pilgrims and normally results in huge quantities of plastic bags and waste left on the beaches and nearby waterways. This year, local authorities asked the SLCDF project team to help educate and orient the government staff and public on proper handling of plastic waste handling and cleanliness. Through a publicity campaign and trainings, SLCDF spread the word on ocean plastic waste and pushed for provisioning more trash bins in the festival area, which resulted in a reduced amount of waste left behind following the festival. This is an important milestone, as Sri Lanka celebrates dozens of religious festivals each year at numerous environmentally sensitive sites, usually resulting in a huge solid waste management challenge from discarded plastic cups, PET bottles, and plastic bags. Lanka Upcycles (FC-2), continued operating its education center, the Waste Less Arugam Bay (WLAB), which targets community residents, school children, and 5,000 tourists per day. The center offers tourists and community residents a low-cost filtered water dispensary as a means to reduce the local consumption of plastic water bottles. WLAB showcases equipment that turns plastic waste into new upcycled products and raises awareness on the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling plastic. In Q4 FY 2019, 532 people visited the WLAB center, a 68% increase from the previous quarter. MWRP completed an MTE of the Lanka Upcycles project in August and found that the grantee was on track to meet objectives and targets. In August, the project received two collection bins sponsored by Coca Cola to better collection outreach. Lanka Upcycles placed one bin at the municipal office and one at the public parking area of Arugam Bay. During a Half Marathon event organized by Arugam Bay Development Forum, the WLAB team collected all recyclable plastic containers. Its vehicle with plastic waste messaging was received with great interest, generating discussions by youth about plastic waste pollution of the ocean environment. During the quarter, Lanka Upcycles received a new mold to make recycled plastic shaving razor handles for its Fair Trade distributor, Fair Squared from Germany. After adjusting the mold to its machinery, WLAB produced 225 pieces that were sent for presentation at a European Fair Trade event. This quarter, Lanka Upcycles collected 1,327 kilograms of PET plastic bottles at 62 (up from 49) collection points in Arugam Bay, bringing the total to 8.7 metric tons of bottles collected and sold to upstream manufacturers. The WLAB project partners with www.getwater.lk, a USAID-funded initiative that helps individuals find the nearest place to refill water bottles in Sri Lanka. A total of 1,441 liters of drinking water were refilled by 670 visitors, a large increase from previous quarters when refills totaled less than 500 liters. This brings the total number of “mitigated” water bottles to 4,235 for the life of the project. In the education sector, activities expanded significantly, reaching 323 students in six schools, including two Arabic College secondary schools that produce many influential community leaders in the coastal area. During the September World Surfing League’s international competition held in Arugam Bay, WLAB promoted its water refill station, use of non-plastic containers, and the collection and recycling of plastic waste.


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Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) Jaffna (FC-2) moved ahead with its participatory community-based SWM plans, continued awareness raising activities to promote the reduction, reuse, and recycling of plastic waste, and organized safe disposal and recycling options. The project works closely with four local authorities in the Jaffna District – Jaffna Municipal Council, Chavakachcheri Urban Council, Point Pedro Urban Council, and the Valvettithurai Urban Council. MWRP completed an MTE of the project in August and found that SLCDF was on track to meet its planned objectives and targets. During the quarter, 85 village-level, awareness-raising events were held in churches, community centers, classrooms and schools, with the participation of 3,237 residents (73% women). In parallel events, SLCDF staff trained 174 government officials and 102 staff from a regional hospital. The project training component has reached 8,103 community members toward its goal of 10,000. A noteworthy accomplishment this quarter was the project’s securing the involvement of a several Sri Lankan banks in the information campaigns to reduce ocean plastic. The Hatton National Bank, National Savings Bank, and the Bank of Ceylon, along with the Alliance Insurance company, engaged with the project by bringing their staff to events and helping with the distribution of flyers. In training programs with local authority staff, SLCDF advanced in its advocacy for local policies that would result in reductions to the volume of plastic waste. In the case of Point Pedro Urban Council, the locality is now moving to reduce the use of plastic lunch sheets and plastic plates/utensils in restaurants and public halls. Point Pedro Urban Council is promoting a type of degradable and eco-friendly lunch sheet that was introduced by the CEA at a recent meeting of local vendors and hotel owners. Valvettithurai Urban Council has put into place a requirement that non-plastic shopping bags be used in the local vegetable market. In the past quarter, SLCDF carried out IEC activities in 103 schools and succeeded in establishing 53 environmental clubs. Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) (FC-3) has reached its project implementation mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020. PILF progressed towards its project goal of reducing marine plastic waste through law review and reform, improvements in law enforcement, and legal training. PILF’s legal professionals shared the Interim Law Review Report with relevant government agencies, notably the Marine Environment Protection Authority and the Central Environmental Authority (CEA). PILF has presented and discussed the Interim Law Review Report as well with other government entities, including the National Medicines Regulatory Authority, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Sri Lanka Customs, Import and Export Control Department, Department of Coast Guard, Urban Development Authority, Consumer Affairs Authority, and the Colombo Municipal Council. As part of the law review process aimed at understanding the appropriate methods to adjust legal and regulatory treatments of plastic use and waste management, the PILF participated in private sector consultations organized by the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce. These included four separate meetings with plastic manufacturers, plastic recyclers, dairy producers (especially


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those utilizing plastic yoghurt cups), hotel and tourism sector businesses, and garment industry representatives. Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) (FC-2), which has reached its project implementation mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020, is strengthening the ongoing national dialogue between the government and the private sector to design and implement post-consumer plastic management strategies. Key stakeholders are the national government, specifically the MMDE, and major corporations operating in Sri Lanka. The aim of this stakeholder collaboration is to produce a road map outlining the promulgation of government regulations applicable to companies operating in the plastics and packaging industry sectors. In Q4 FY 2019, the CCC project carried out a comprehensive review of post-consumer plastic waste practices, several sectoral consultations on public-private partnerships, key informant interviews, and household surveys to continue collecting data and perspectives on the regulation of plastic. The consultations and 26 key informant interviews targeted key economic and industry sectors, including FMCG, plastic importers/producers, plastic packaging manufacturers, plastic waste recyclers, and those in the dairy, apparel, and tourism sectors. To better understand plastic usage and waste management at the household level, the team interviewed 500 households in selected urban areas nationwide. The presidential election in Sri Lanka has been scheduled for November 16, 2019, which may lead to changes at MMDE. The project is pushing forward with the current administration to either reach a conclusion on a PPP strategy or prepare career professional government civil servants for the transition and continued work on PPP with the new administration. 2.4.3 Vietnam

The Vietnamese Prime Minister, Nguyen Xuan Phuc, launched a national anti-plastic waste movement in June 2019 to address the national problem of managing plastic waste. Some city governments, such as Ha Long City, where two MWRP grantees operate, have embraced this movement by adopting new municipal policies. Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR) (FC-1) completed its MWRP project on June 30, 2019. CECR supported the integration of community-based recycling into the Da Nang City SWM strategy. CECR garnered the active support of the Da Nang People’s Committee, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), the city environmental department, city and ward Women’s Union committees, and the Youth Union, whose participation was critical to the project’s success. CECR built consensus on addressing the problem of plastic waste management and on developing strategies for changing community SWM and recycling practices, which were identified as two of the most important issues in Da Nang’s Strategy for Integrated Solid Waste Management to 2025 and Vision to 2050. CECR held three high-visibility end-of project conferences with key stakeholders from eight coastal provinces of Central Vietnam. Throughout the life of this project, CECR provided 38,922 hours of technical assistance on SWM to local officials and civil society members, which resulted in


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21,111 households initiating waste segregation or supporting recycling; 5,655 women receiving training; and 509 women participating in decision-making processes. Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA) (FC-1) is fostering close cooperation between IWC organizations and the Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) to improve the city’s SWM system and to increase household compliance with a waste segregation at source regulation. The project continued to support IWC cooperatives in Q4 FY 2019 by offering training courses on cooperative laws and management to 109 IWC leaders. ENDA and its IWC partners advocated with the HCMC government to find viable solutions for implementing a city policy regarding new standards required for IWC vehicles for waste collection. The policy would obligate most IWCs to use larger collection vehicles, which would be beyond the economic capacity of these workers. A city government survey found that only 10-25% of IWCs could afford the vehicle change. In meetings with HCMC officials, ENDA and the IWC groups advocated for limiting the change by taken into consideration the IWCs’ economic status and the narrow streets where most IWCs collect waste. HCMC has agreed to re-consider the policy implementation approach and timeline, but the details have not yet been worked out. On other policy changes for IWCs, the project supports Decision #38 to increase monthly waste collection fees by about 92%, from USD 1.07 to USD 2.06 per household. The actual implementation of the policy has been challenging as many HCMC residents do not agree with the increase. The city government is moving ahead with preparing formal documentation at the district level in order to ensure compliance. About 30% of IWCs reportedly have been able to collect the new fee amount. ENDA and the IWC groups will step up their efforts to educate residents on the importance of putting into effect the new fee, which would represent an increase in income for IWCs of 70-90%. Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD) (FC-2) completed its project on July 31, 2019. The project collaborated with DONRE and the Ministry of Education and Training in Hue City to implement activities in nine schools to raise awareness among youth on the impact of plastic waste pollution on the Perfume River and coastlines. CSRD worked with 5,715 students, 500 teachers and administrators, and 100 pilot households. CSRD partnered with a “no plastic” civil society group, the Green Club, and youth unions in the target schools, as well as collaborated with the private sector, such as the SWM firm Hue Urban Environment and Public Works Joint Stock Company. CSRD organized an end-of-project workshop, during which it obtained feedback from local stakeholders on the project’s performance and impact, and shared communication materials, such as handbooks on source separation and posters for each school. CSRD prepared a video documentary on the MWRP project, which was shown on a local television news program. Information, education, and communication events provided 148,855 hours of public awareness and trained 3,661 women. The project established waste separation at source facilities in each


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school and arranged for the sale of recyclable materials to local IWCs, with the revenues supporting school environmental activities. Centre for Supporting Green Development’s (GreenHub) (FC-2) project is progressing in laying the groundwork for a “model cities” approach to waste management in the Cat Ba Archipelago, Hai Phong Province, and Ha Long Bay. The project focuses on researching and piloting scalable environmentally friendly solutions to replace polystyrene contained in buoyancy devices for aquaculture farms. The project team is working with Ha Long Bay fisherfolk to mitigate the problem and to raise public awareness on the impact of plastic waste in the marine environment. GreenHub partnered with the International Union for the Conservation of Nature in organizing a workshop to raise awareness about plastic waste for about 650 persons from local universities, government agencies, tourism enterprises, women’s groups, and domestic and foreign tourists. The “Strategic Workshop for Sustainable Development of the Marine Economy” included a side event “Exhibition of green products and recycled products from plastic waste.” A second GreenHub awareness raising event in Ha Long City attracted the participation of nearly 500 persons, including women’s union members, households trading in the market, and representatives of government agencies. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) (FC-2), on Phu Quoc island, moved past the mid-point of implementation, solidified by the official commitment of the District People’s Committee (DPC) to the project’s overarching goal of setting up an island-wide platform for addressing solid waste and recycling issues. The DPC plans to extend its Marine Debris Action Plan until 2025. WWF has received commitments from 18 leading hotels and other businesses to introduce alternatives to single-use plastic disposables, an effort now being promoted by the Phu Quoc Chamber of Commerce. This last quarter, the WWF held follow-up trainings with 15 hospitality businesses and five shops, creating a communication network among local businesses. WWF launched a waste separation and collection model at Da Chong village on the coast. The hotels are reviewing their purchases of single-use plastics and seeking to replace them with organic materials like lemon grass. Beginning in July, with the project’s encouragement, the DPC launched a Phu Quoc Environment Day centered around a major beach clean-up on the first Saturday of each month. With significant media exposure, there has been excellent turnout for the events, with 4,500 participants in July, 7,800 participants in August, and 8,200 participants in September. These clean-up activities have resulted in over 75 tons of collected waste. The project’s Phu Quoc SWM Platform is the framework through which WWF’s training and education activities address 40 major tourism businesses. Participating businesses display a Plastics-Reducing Practices Participation Certificate which recognize their efforts at reducing their plastic waste footprints. The Platform’s multi-sectoral participants include the Phu Quoc DPC, Office of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE), Office of Education, Public Services Management Board, Women Union, Youth Union, businesses, civil society, and provincial media.


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Center for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD) (FC-3) is implementing two MWRP grants, both reaching their mid-point, one in Ha Long Bay and one in Nam Dinh. The principal activities in Q4 FY 2019 in Ha Long Bay involved conducting perception surveys with the fisherfolk community by consulting the Quang Ninh Fisheries Management Branch, Bach Dang Ward of People’s Committees, and Management Board of the Fishing Port to understand their awareness of ocean plastic issues and to engage them in project activities. The MCD team in Ha Long Bay received assistance from RMIT Melbourne students in collecting information on the perceptions of local authorities and the service sector on plastic waste reduction in order to develop an appropriate communications plan for restaurants, cafes, stores, and hotels. MCD organized a consultative meeting with government authorities in Ha Long City and local service sector representatives on criteria for the branding of “Green service unit pioneering plastic waste reduction” businesses. The project continued with its research and testing of technology solutions to improve the procedure and practice of floating waste collection and to raise awareness among IWCs and fisherfolk. In Nam Dinh, in Q4 FY 2019, 471 people participated in project activities, which included the completion of a synthesis and mapping of the status of waste collection, transport, and disposal in the project sites. MCD is also finalizing the river trash trap design to pilot and subsequently produce. The MCD organized a training workshop for local communities on waste management and a waste audit in the Giao Thuy District. MCD also led a coastal clean-up on September 22, in support of the International Coastal Clean-Up Day and the National Anti-Plastic Waste Movement launched by Vietnam’s Prime Minister. Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. (GAIA) (FC-5) is moving ahead with the project start-up in Vietnam through a subgrant to GreenViet, which focuses on the expansion of the zero-waste model in Hoi An and on the Cham Islands. These two sites face mounting SWM issues due to the rapid rise in tourism and approximately 1.5 million tourists per year who contribute 0.6 kg of waste per hotel room per day, which is equivalent to three times the typical household waste stream. During the last quarter, GreenViet and GAIA finalized the cooperation plan for the GoV Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations (VUSTA) and received their approval in time for the upcoming project launch scheduled for October 2019. GAIA’s team joined GreenViet in Hoi An City in September 2019 for a project stakeholders meeting and to review prospective sites in Cam Thanh and Tan Hiep communes, observe waste collection, explore potential MRF locations, and interview commune representatives. 2.4.4 Indonesia

In Indonesia, one new grantee launched its project and four other grantees completed their project start-up phase, while the first two MWRP grantee projects in the country reached their implementation mid-points.


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Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (BINTARI) (FC-4) reached its mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020. BINTARI is working closely with city and provincial government authorities in Semarang, the national fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) company PT Indofood, and small local recyclers to enhance the sustainability of new community bank sampahs (waste banks). BINTARI works with 29 waste banks consisting of 1,493 households, who receive technical assistance and supplies to support their operations. In collaboration with PT Indofood, the project began another round of training for 122 waste bank operators that focused on business management and marketing strategies. The project identified 32 instant noodle stall operators (64 in total) in Gunungpati, securing commitments from them to collect plastic waste to be picked up for recycling by PT Indofood. Working with these stall owners is part of the project’s objective to research potential FMCG post-sale mechanisms to incentivize recycling, based on Indofood’s experience and knowledge of the market, manufacturing processes, and technical requirements. The project continues to identify and interview companies to become part in this public-private partnership effort to collect and recycle low-vaue thin plastic packaging materials. The project launched solid waste recycling policy dialogues, inviting community residents, university students, the private sector, and local NGOs to identify gaps between the needs of recycling actors and government and private sector policies, and to support an increase in the capacity and economic viability of recycling. BINTARI also collected information and data in three sub-districts to advance assessments of the economic capacity of community waste banks to feed into a larger plastic recycling business further up the recycling value chain. Yayasan Misool Baseftin’s (Misool Foundation) (FC-5) Bank Sampah Community Waste Recycling Program in Sorong, West Papua, reached its mid-point and will undergo an MTE in Q1 FY 2020. In Q4 FY 2019, project implementation was unexpectedly disrupted following street demonstrations and rioting that occurred across several cities in Papua and West Papua. The situation in Sorong became a safety concern and resulted in the evacuation of several project staff members. Project activities were halted from August 19 until September 4, 2019. The Misool Foundation’s operation of the Bank Sampah Sorong Raya (BSSR) in Sorong resulted in 14.5 metric tons of plastics being recycled in July. Despite the challenges presented by the social unrest in the region, the monthly average (14.5 metric tons) of recycled plastics in Q4 FY 2019 was on par with the average of the previous quarter. BSSR has benefited from an increase in waste collection rates along the city’s waterways due to the project staff’s increased outreach, community engagement and awareness-raising. BSSR presently works with 59 community-level collection units, an increase from 49 collection units during the previous quarter. BSSR conducted a three-day intensive workshop in August with participants from Waisai Regency, the capital of Raja Ampat and the home of one of the world’s most diverse marine habitats. The workshop resulted in an agreement to commence bank sampah work in Waisai. Waisai will manage all waste collection and sorting with BSSR undertaking the processing and shipping of recyclables to recycling factories in Java. In addition, training and technical assistance


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was provided to Sorong City personnel for the implementation of fee-for-service for SWM. The Sorong City government will present the proposed fee-for-service SWM approach for legislative changes to the Central Government this October. GAIA Philippines Inc. (FC-5) launched its project in Indonesia through its partner Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB), which operates in Bandung City in several zero-waste pilot communities. The GAIA/YPBB partnership, together with the city government, will expand operations in Coblong District, one of the most populous areas in Bandung. The project has completed its start-up phase. In July, GAIA with YPBB support organized the Zero Waste Academy workshop in Bandung City to train 20 representatives from regional organizations on its Zero Waste model. Several MWRP grantee organizations, including DCA, Gringgo Indonesia Foundation, GreenViet, and PPLH (Gringgo subgrantee), participated in the GAIA workshop. GAIA/YPBB’s work in 20 neighborhoods is progressing at different levels, from initial socialization activities to test runs of at-source waste segregation and collection. Bandung City has committed to increasing financial resources and supporting activities through a Mayoral Decision (Kepwal) Number 149 of 2018, and the Environmental Agency of Bandung (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kebersihan or DLHK) has issued a directive to Camat Coblong, requesting its support during implementation in the district. Divers Clean Action’s (DCA) (FC-5) project, which is being implemented in the Thousand Islands just off the coast of Jakarta, completed its start-up phase. The project focuses on improving waste management practices through capacity building and information sharing mechanisms, establishing inter-sectoral coordination mechanisms to strengthen policy and planning, and promoting a circular economy that will enable communities to have greater access to employment and livelihood opportunities. In Q4 FY 2019, DCA conducted a baseline data survey on Untung Jawa Island to acquire a clearer understanding of people’s behavior with respect to SWM and to guide its strategy for improving waste management practices on the island. The household and key informant interview surveys involved technical details such as waste collection routes and use of equipment, social elements such as common behaviors and communication methods in the community, and a waste characterization analysis. As part of establishing or improving community-based waste management practices, DCA conducted workshops for waste haulers, school students, tourism providers, informal sectors, and residents on Untung Jawa Island. The local participants and tourism providers committed to implementing proper waste segregation Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Gringgo) (FC-5) completed its project start-up and is working to improve Denpasar City’s SWM system by promoting recycling with an emphasis on innovative communication technologies to improve the handling and collection of plastic waste materials from households and businesses. In Q4 FY 2019, the project team met regularly with village officials to finalize the village selection and advance cooperation agreements.


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Gringgo advanced in the collaboration with its subgrantee, the local NGO PPLH-Bali (Center for Environmental Education in Bali). Gringgo and PPLH-Bali attended the Zero Waste Academy in Badung City, so the project will build on the methods and educational materials acquired at the workshop. The project began building its crowdsourcing community of volunteers and commenced the technical development of a mobile app (called SwAI) to identify waste from images taken from a smartphone camera. Gringgo currently has 20 volunteers who are testing the initial alpha version of the mobile app whose development is supported from a grant from Google.org. Progress is being made with the initial testing of data visualization in coordination with the Google AI Impact project. To date, the project has collected over 5,000 images. AI Image recognition is a learning process and many of the initial images failed to meet analysis requirements, but the team continues to collect new images and update recognition accuracy. Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi) (FC-5) completed project start-up in Gowa District. The project aims to strengthen the government’s coordination and capacity in SWM, drawing upon the experiences and best practices of a similar citywide entity functioning in nearby Makassar City. The operationalization of a new central bank sampah in Gowa District will be facilitated, studied, and documented, and will serve as a guide for other cities and districts to address their solid waste management problems. Transformasi worked on the development of a baseline assessment on current SWM practices and capacities at the community and local government levels. Capacity building activities began with the Youth Support Network and a study visit was organized for officials from the Gowa Environmental Office and Central Waste Bank to the Makassar Central Waste Bank. This visit promoted a better understanding of the operational aspects of the waste banks and how data collection can contribute to the development of a waste bank manual of Standard Operating Procedures. Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP) (FC-6) signed an MWRP grant agreement in July 2019 and began mobilizing its local government partners through field visits and stakeholder meetings. Working with city and provincial government authorities in Metro Jakarta and Bandung City, GIDKP aims to facilitate the passing of legislation, preparation of regulations, and enforcement of reductions in single-use plastics. GIDKP submitted its project implementation plan, branding and marking plan, and M&E plan to the MWRP team. After lengthy advocacy efforts, GIDKP celebrated the approval of a new policy to reduce plastic bag utilization by the Bandung City Government. In July, the Mayor of Bandung signed Mayoral Regulation #37/2019, which was based on GIDKP’s technical advice, academic papers, policy papers and regulation drafts.


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2.4.5 Interventions by Grantees per Country Interventions by MWRP Grantees in the Philippines

CATEGORY C3MC CRS EcoWaste Coalition

Mother Earth PBE PRRCFI

Negros PRRCFI/ SM Malls

University of Georgia

World Vision

Government legal and regulatory reform ü

ü ü

Local government engagement ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Local government financial sustainability & cost recovery ü ü ü ü

ü ü

Local government capital investment considerations

ü ü ü ü

ü ü

IEC and raising awareness of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Behavior change in waste management ü ü

ü ü ü ü

Segregation at source (households & businesses) ü ü

ü ü ü

Capacity building of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Community-based SWM strategies ü ü ü ü ü

Gender and youth-based approaches to improved SWM ü ü

ü ü ü Environmental hotspots

ü ü ü ü ü ü

Independent waste collector sector ü ü ü ü ü

Private sector engagement ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Plastic value chain ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

ü

Technological innovation

ü ü ü


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Interventions by MWRP Grantees in Sri Lanka CATEGORY CCC Janathakshan Lanka Upcycles PILF Sevanatha SLCDF Galle SLCDF Jaffna

Government legal and regulatory reform ü

ü

Local government engagement ü ü ü ü ü ü

Local government financial sustainability & cost recovery ü ü ü ü ü


ü ü

IEC and raising awareness of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü

Behavior change in waste management

ü ü

ü ü ü

Segregation at source (households & businesses)

ü

ü ü ü

Capacity building of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü

Community-based SWM strategies ü ü ü ü ü

Gender and youth-based approaches to improved SWM

ü

ü ü ü

Environmental hotspots ü ü ü ü ü

Independent waste collector sector ü ü ü ü ü

Private sector engagement ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Plastic value chain ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Technological innovation ü ü


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Interventions by MWRP Grantees in Vietnam

CATEGORY ENDA CECR CSRD GreenHub GAIA/ GreenViet

MCD Ha Long

MCD Nam Dinh WWF

Government legal and regulatory reform ü ü

ü


Local government financial sustainability & cost recovery ü ü

ü ü ü ü


ü ü ü ü ü

IEC and raising awareness of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Behavior change in waste management ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Segregation at source (households & businesses) ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Capacity building of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Community-based SWM strategies ü ü

ü ü ü

Gender and youth-based approaches to improved SWM ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Environmental hotspots ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Independent waste collector sector ü ü ü

ü ü

Private sector engagement ü ü ü ü ü ü

Plastic value chain ü ü

ü ü ü

Technological innovation

ü ü ü


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Interventions by MWRP Grantees in Indonesia

CATEGORY BINTARI Foundation

Divers Clean Action

GAIA/ YPBB GIDKP Gringgo Misool

Foundation Transformasi/

YPN Government legal and regulatory reform ü ü ü ü ü


Local government financial sustainability & cost recovery ü ü ü ü ü

Local government capital investment considerations ü ü ü ü

IEC and raising awareness of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Behavior change in waste management ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Segregation at source (households & businesses) ü ü ü ü ü ü

Capacity building of stakeholders ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Community-based SWM strategies ü ü ü ü ü ü

Gender and youth-based approaches to improved SWM ü ü ü ü ü ü

Environmental hotspots ü ü

Independent waste collector sector ü ü ü ü ü ü

Private sector engagement ü ü ü ü ü ü ü

Plastic value chain ü ü ü ü ü ü

Technological innovation ü ü ü ü


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ANNEX 4: PRIVATE SECTOR ENGAGEMENT – PARTNERING WITH NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL

CORPORATIONS By advocating corporate representatives during meetings, presenting the negative impact of plastics at conferences and events, and detailing their project approaches, MWRP grantees secured the support of leading national and multinational corporations in the recycling of plastic waste and/or reducing ocean plastic debris. The grantees have leveraged important private sector resources and influence by combining existing corporate initiatives with MWRP projects, engaging the corporations on policy development, and/or securing direct support to MWRP project activities. The table on the next page provides an overview of international and national private corporations engaging with MWRP grantees in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and Vietnam.


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MWRP Results in Supporting USAID Engagement in National-Level Cooperative Efforts in Waste Management with National and International Private Corporations

Ranking9 (Corp.

outreach) Country /Corp.

Corporate Initiative on

Ocean Plastic

MWRP Grantee Partnerships with

Corporations Specific Activities/Support Results of MWRP

Partnerships

INDONESIA

High Coca-Cola

World Without Waste, a Coca-Cola initiative with a goal of collecting and recycling the equivalent of every bottle or can Coca- Cola sells worldwide by 2030.

Grantee Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Gringgo) partnered with Coca-Cola to increase recycling in Denpasar, Bali.

Coca-Cola supports recycling market study to aid Gringgo in defining recycling promotion interventions.

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from Coca-Cola in Denpasar.

High Danone

Goal: 100% of packaging reusable, recyclable or compostable by 2025.

Grantee DCA partnered with Danone to increase recycling in the Thousand Islands.

Danone purchases plastic recyclables from the Islands in coordination with DCA at pricing favorable to incentivizing plastic collectors.

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from Danone in the Thousand Islands.

High H&M

“Conscious Exclusive” clothing collection includes a recycled polyester made from plastic shoreline waste.

Grantee DCA partnered with H&M to increase recycling on Thousand Islands.

H&M buys plastic materials collected on the Islands in coordination with DCA which are manufactured into high-end clothing.

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from H&M in the Thousand Islands.

Moderate Indofood Sustainability goals include plastic waste recycling.

Grantee Bintari partners with Indofood to increase recycling in Semarang.

Indofood supports Bintari in building the capacity of community waste banks, and in seeking market solutions for the

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from Indofood in Semarang.

9Please note that we have ranked corporations based on the coverage/outreach of their businesses (international or national). Any corporation operating at an international level has been ranked as high based on the potential impact of the partnership with MWRP. All corporations operating at a national country have been ranked as moderate.


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recycling of thin plastic food packaging.

SRI LANKA

High Coca-Cola Joined World Without Waste.

Grantees Ceylon Chamber of Commerce, Sevanatha, and Lanka Upcycles partnered with Coca-Cola in defining national policy options to reduce plastic waste; in increasing recycling in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia; and in increasing recycling in Arugam Bay, respectively.

Coca-Cola serves on the Chamber’s Steering Committee on public private partnerships to develop national policy alternatives that reduce ocean plastic waste; Coca-Cola purchases recyclable plastic bottles from Sevanatha and Lanka Upcycles-supported materials recovery facilities.

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from Coca-Cola nationwide, in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia and Arugam Bay.

Moderate Eco-Spindles

Produces synthetic yarn in Sri Lanka exclusively from recycled PET bottles.

Grantees Lanka Upcycles in Arugam Bay and Sevanatha in Dehiwala-Mount Divinia partnered with Eco-Spindles to increase recycling.

Eco-Spindles purchases recyclable plastic bottles from Sevanatha and Lanka Upcycles-supported materials recovery facilities.

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from Eco-Spindles in Arugam Bay and Dehiwala-Mount Divinia.

Moderate Keells Supermarkets

One of the largest supermarket chains in Sri Lanka, Keells’ Plastic-cycle Social Entrepreneurship Initiative aims to reduce plastic pollution.

Grantee Janathakshan in Negombo partnered with Keells to reduce usage of plastic shopping bags.

Keells works closely with Janathakshan to survey and educate Keells Supermarket customers and train staff to reduce the use of plastic shopping bags.

Reduction of plastic waste by promoting alternatives to plastic shopping bags in partnership with Keells in Negombo.

Moderate Laugfs Supermarkets

One of the largest supermarket chains in Sri Lanka.

In Negombo, grantee Janathakshan partnered with Laugfs to reduce

Laugfs works closely with Janathakshan to survey and educate Laugfs Supermarket customers and train staff to

Reduction of plastic waste by promoting alternatives to plastic shopping


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usage of plastic shopping bags.

reduce the use of plastic shopping bags.

bags in partnership with Laugfs in Negombo.

Moderate Jetwing Hotels

In most of its 40 hotels in Sri Lanka, the company has eliminated all plastic packaging/bottles.

In Nebombo, grantee Janathakshan partnered with Jetwing Hotels to reduce the amount of plastic waste generated at hotels.

Jetwings Hotels works closely with Janathakshan and dozens of hotels supporting education and training sessions on alternatives to plastic containers.

Reduction of plastic waste by promoting alternatives for hotel industry in Negombo.

Moderate

Polythene Manufacturers and Recyclers Association of Sri Lanka

Aims to enable the systematic development of the country’s recycling industry.

Grantee Ceylon Chamber of Commerce partnered with the association to define national plastic waste policy.

The Association serves on the Chamber’s Steering Committee on public private partnerships to develop national policy alternatives that reduce ocean plastic waste.

Reduction of plastic waste through government regulation nationwide.

PHILIPPINES


Grantee World Vision partnered with Coca-Cola to expand recycling in Metro Manila.

Coca-Cola supports World Vision’s organizing of two materials recovery facilities by providing construction materials to local officials leading the construction.

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from Coca-Cola in Metro Manila.

High Unilever

Goal to have 100% of all packaging reusable, recyclable or compostable by 2025.

On Negros Island, Grantee PRRCFI partnered with Unilever to reduce plastic packaging waste in convenience stores.

Unilever coordinates with PRRCFI in arranging bulk supplies of soaps and detergents and other consumer goods that can be dispensed at “zero plastic waste” stores.

Reduction in the use of plastic packaging and plastic waste in Negros Island.

VIETNAM


Grantee GreenHub partnered with Coca-Cola to increase recycling in Ha Long Bay and other areas.

Coca-Cola supports GreenHub on building a “Plastic Action Network” with linkages to government, local businesses, youth and women’s groups to

Expansion of plastic waste recycling through support from Coca-Cola in


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reduce-reuse-recycle plastic waste.

Ha Long Bay and other areas.

Beyond the national and international spheres, MWRP grantees have also extensively collaborated with local private enterprises. This type of engagement is highlighted in the table that follows. MWRP Results in Supporting USAID Engagement in National-Level Cooperative Efforts in Waste Management with Local Private Enterprises

Country and Private Sector Target

Results Achieved Outcomes Achieved MWRP Grantees Engaged

INDONESIA Community Waste Banks

118 private community waste bank enterprises being formalized with stronger waste management skills and financial sustainability.

118 urban communities with improved waste management and increased recycling of plastic waste.

Misool Foundation in Sorong, Bintari in Semarang, Transformasi in Gowa, DCA in Thousand Islands

Convenience Stores A model store being supported to transition to plastic-free bulk sales of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG).

A model store strengthened through technical assistance to shift to plastic-free bulk goods.

DCA in Thousand Islands

Independent Waste Collectors (IWCs)

138 private IWCs strengthened through formalization of status, education on health and occupational safety, training on recycling and plastic waste, and capacity building in business management.

Tens of thousands of households served with improved waste management and increased recycling of plastic waste.

Misool Foundation in Sorong, Bintari in Semarang, DCA in Thousand Islands

Recycling Factories Several major recycling factories supported through facilitation of the purchase of plastic waste feedstock

Several major factories recycling greater volumes of plastic waste.

Misool Foundation in Sorong, which sells bulk recyclables to factories in Surabaya

PHILIPPINES Independent Waste Collectors (IWCs)



C3MC in Puerto Princesa; CRS and World Vision in Metro Manila

Convenience Stores Eight stores supported to transition to plastic-free bulk sales of FMCG.

Eight stores now operate through sale of plastic-free bulk goods.

PRRCFI in Negros Island


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Plastic Waste Recycling Consolidators (junk shops)

13 junk shops supported through formalization with training on recycling and plastic waste and capacity building in business management and market access.

13 junk shops with the capacity to increase recycling volumes and profitability for improved waste management.

World Vision with The Plastic Bank in Metro Manila; CRS in Metro Manila

Recycling Factories Two major recycling factories supported through technical assistance and/or facilitation of the purchase of plastic waste feedstock

Two major factories recycling greater volumes of plastic waste.

World Vision with The Plastic Bank in Metro Manila; CRS in Metro Manila

SRI LANKA Independent Waste Collectors (IWCs)



Sevanatha in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia; Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) in Galle and Jaffna; Lanka Upcycles in Arugam Bay; Janathakshan in Negombo

Supermarkets and Informal Markets

50 supermarkets and several farmers’ markets supported to reduce the use of plastic shopping bags.

50 supermarkets and several farmers’ markets with reduced volumes of usage of plastic shopping bags.

Janathakshan in Negombo, and SLCDF in Galle and Jaffna.

Fisherfolk 720 fisherfolk supported to use alternatives to plastic bottles and bags.

720 fisherfolk reduce use of and recycle plastic bottles and bags.

Janathakshan in Negombo.

Hotels/ Restaurants

196 hotels/restaurants supported to reduce use of plastic containers/products and to increase recycling of plastic waste.

196 hotels/restaurants reduce use of plastic containers/ products and increase recycling of plastic waste.

Janathakshan in Negombo; Lanka Upcycles in Arugam Bay

Recycling Factories Six major recycling factories supported through technical assistance and/or facilitation of the purchase of plastic waste feedstock.

Six major factories recycling greater volumes of plastic waste.

Lanka Upcycles in Arugam Bay; Janathakshan in Negombo; Sevanatha in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia; SLCDF in Galle and Jaffna

Producers of Upcycled Plastic Waste Products

78 entrepreneurs supported with training and/or capacity building in product development, market penetration, and/or business management to produce and sell upcycled plastic products and alternative shopping bags.

78 entrepreneurs producing and selling upcycled plastic products and alternative shopping bags.

SLCDF Jaffna; Lanka Upcycles in Arugam Bay


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VIETNAM Hotels/ Restaurants/ Shops

124 hotels/restaurants supported to reduce use of plastic containers/products and to increase recycling of plastic waste through awareness raising and technical assistance (e.g., feasibility studies).

124 hotels/restaurants reduce use of plastic containers/ products and increase recycling of plastic waste.

CECR in Da Nang; World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) in Phu Quoc

Independent Waste Collectors (IWCs)



ENDA in Ho Chi Minh City; GreenHub in Ha Long Bay

Fisherfolk 830 fisherfolk supported to use alternatives to plastic bottles and bags through awareness raising activities.

830 fisherfolk reduce use of and recycle plastic bottles and bags.

CECR in Da Nang; WWF in Phu Quoc; GreenHub in Ha Long Bay


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ANNEX 5: MWRP MEF RESULTS TABLE MEF outcome results as of September 30, 2019 The first funding cycles resulted in 17 grantees: (i) seven in Vietnam, (ii) six in Sri Lanka, and (iii) four in the Philippines (two of these were small $100K grants to international NGOs). Subsequent funding cycles resulted in 13 grantees: (i) all seven Indonesia grants; (ii) six more projects in the Philippines, and one each in Sri Lanka and Vietnam. Given this sequencing of grant implementation, it was expected that results in Vietnam and Sri Lanka would make up a majority of the MEF outcomes as of September 2019 (35%-45% of outcomes being in Vietnam, 25%-40% in Sri Lanka, and 20%-35% in the Philippines and Indonesia combined).

• The number of direct beneficiaries within the project area are 3,092,197 people. The majority of all MWRP beneficiaries has been recorded by the ENDA project in Vietnam with 1,592,000 (51% of the total), where a larger number (1,970) of trained IWCs collect waste from households and establishments.

• MEF 1: The weight of plastics waste diverted from the environment is reported at 2,083 MTs or almost 4.6 million pounds; this quantity is a large increase compared to June, and is mainly a result of higher numbers reported by grantees and collectors/recyclers, verified by local authorities and/or using Dr. Jenna Jambeck’s projections10. Of the diverted 2,083 MT, 45% was recorded in Vietnam, 23% in Sri Lanka, 17% in the Philippines, and 15% in Indonesia.11

• MEF 2: MWRP grantees reported 89 innovations, new approaches, laws/policies, and public-private partnerships (PPPs). A breakdown shows that grantees reported: (i) 24 adopted innovative SWM approaches (most in Sri Lanka with 9); (ii) 8 innovative technologies introduced (50% in Vietnam); (iii) 37 new laws, regulations, policies, or plastics waste action plans signed by local authorities (52% in the Philippines); and (iv) 20 new relevant PPPs (40% in Vietnam).

• MEF 3: – 353,105 hours of public awareness hours were received by beneficiaries (most in Sri

Lanka with 41% of the total). – 12,202 hours of technical assistance were received by local authorities, private sector,

cooperatives/syndicates, and Women’s and Youth Unions (mostly in Vietnam with 75% of the total, mainly as a result of ENDA’s and CECR’s inputs).

– 93,126 training hours were received by trainees (Vietnam covered 42%). • MEF 4: 144,829 households and establishments are now supporting recycling, mostly by

some form of segregation of waste at source (63,023 in Vietnam and 52,040 in Sri Lanka, or a total of 79% by these countries, versus 21% by Indonesia and the Philippines together).

10 Science – February 2015 projections. 11 This quantity does not yet account for the projected # MTs that will not enter the environment as a result of refusing, reusing, reclaiming, or regulating plastics. These projections are currently made by MWRP and the grantees, but the outcomes are not yet reliably completed.


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• MEF 5: 368 new jobs were created (39% in Sri Lanka) an increase of 51% compared to June. The gender breakdown shows totals of 164 new jobs for women and 204 new jobs for men; the two countries with the lowest number of new jobs (Vietnam and Indonesia) had a surplus in jobs for females over males (respectively 39-34 and 31-29).

• MEF 6: An analysis of the cost-effectiveness (i.e., financial resource allocations compared to impact in crucial project elements) will take place in PY-5.

• MEF 7: 23,646 women have received more than three hours of training in awareness or technical training; in Vietnam (48%) and Sri Lanka (43%) there was much more attention to this MWRP aspect than in the Philippines (6%) or Indonesia (3%), but is expected that there will be a substantial shift in future percentages as the project in these latter two countries reach the latter stages of implementation.

• MEF 8: An estimated 282 women took a job in traditionally male-dominated activities, which is a 309% increase compared to last quarter; the big gain came from Vietnam where 190 women were contracted (168 via ENDA alone); the Philippines also scored well with 53 women; Sri Lanka (23) and Indonesia (16) recorded lower numbers.

• MEF 9: 831 women are newly participating in decision-making in SWM, which is a 19% increase; Vietnam is responsible for 62%, mostly because of the CECR approach with the Women’s Union branches; Sri Lanka scores 30%, mostly because of SLCDF’s two projects; while Indonesia (6%) and the Philippines (2%) may pick up when their relatively new grantees will increase their implementation activities.

• Youth: A total of 80,487 got engaged in plastics pollution reduction, which is a 15% increase compared to the 70,221 of last quarter. The breakdown per country shows Vietnam (36% through Youth Unions and schools), Sri Lanka (34% schools), the Philippines (25% PRRCFI), and Indonesia (only 5% due to lack of focus on youth).


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MWRP MEFs for all countries

(TOTAL results)

Indonesia Philippines Sri Lanka Vietnam TOTAL of four countries

Reported Sept. '19

Reported Sept. '19

Reported Sept. '19

Reported Sept. '19

Reported * Sept. '19

Reported June'19

A # Direct beneficiaries 465,000

275,220

382,925

1,969,034

3,092,179

2,901,440

B # Indirect beneficiaries 268,000

502,061

255,200

792,076

1,817,337

1,786,040

MEF 1

# MTs plastic waste diverted from environment by recycling

236

352

273

939

1,800

683

# MTs plastic waste diverted from environment otherwise **

73

7

203

-

283 N/A

# TOTAL MTs plastic waste diverted from environment ***

309

359

476

939

2,083

683

MEF 2

# Innovative SWM approaches adopted

4

4

9 7

24

15

# Innovative technologies or equipment introduced

2

-

2 4

8

6

# New regulations, laws, policies, or LA's action plans ****

2

19

5 11

37

21

# New relevant public-private partnerships

5

5

2

8

20

15

# TOTAL innovations, new approaches, laws/policies, PPPs

13

28

18

30

89

57

MEF 3

# Public awareness hours received by beneficiaries

35,456

73,760

166,287

117,602

393,105

130,000

# Technical assistance hours received by beneficiaries

817

1,194

1,089

9,102

12,202

4,960

# Training hours received by beneficiaries

1,928

5,668

13,116

22,414

43,126

20,000


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MEF 4 # Households & establishments now supporting recycling

12,814

16,952

52,040

63,023

144,829

116,291

MEF 5

# Jobs created (> 3 months) for women

31

33

61

39

164

115

# Jobs created (> 3 months) for males

29

60

81

34

204

129

# TOTAL jobs created (> 3 months) 60 93 142 73 368

244

MEF 6 Cost-effectiveness **** N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

MEF 7 # Women who got awareness/technical training (> 3 hours)

712

1,347

10,110

11,477

23,646

13,716

MEF 8 # Women got job in traditionally male-dominated activity 16 53 23 190 282 69

MEF 9 # Women newly participating in decision-making in SWM 47 16 247 521 831 697

Youth # Youth that got engaged in plastics pollution 4,422 19,885

27,555

28,625

80,487

70,221

Notes: * For four grantees who very recently signed an MWRP agreement there are no results yet; for four more recently signed agreements there are not yet results on all MEFs

** "Otherwise" = shipped or hauled to treatment plants other than to recyclers (e.g. to landfills)

*** The "total MTs of plastic waste diverted" does not yet account for the projected # MTs that will not enter the environment as a result of refusing, reusing, or regulating plastics

**** MEF-6 "Cost-effectiveness" will be calculated during final evaluations in the last project year

municipal waste recycling program year three annual report

Documents