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Muscular System

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Page 1: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Muscular System

Page 2: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Facts about muscles…

• A skeleton cannot move by itself

• > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle

• Found everywhere in your body

• Power every movement from moving your lips to blinking your eyes

Page 3: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Types of Muscle Tissue:

• Skeletal• Smooth• Cardiac

Page 4: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

3 Types of Muscle Tissue:

Type Voluntary/ Involuntary

Found Striations

(stripes)

Structure Nucleus

Skeletal

Smooth

Cardiac

Page 5: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Skeletal Muscles

• Voluntary

• Found attached to bones

• Yes, striations

• Cells are long and thin

• Many Nuclei

Page 6: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your
Page 7: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Smooth Muscles

• Usually involuntary• Found in hollow organs (i.e.

stomach, blood vessels, sm & lrg intestine)

• No striations• Spindle-shaped (draw a spindle)• One nucleus

Page 8: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your
Page 9: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Cardiac Muscle• Involuntary

• Cardio= –Greek word for Heart

• Found in the Heart

• Striations

• Intercalated Discs

• One to two nuclei

Page 10: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your
Page 11: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Type of muscle?

Page 12: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Type of muscle?

Page 13: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Type of muscle?

Page 14: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Type of muscle?

http://www.ebsa.org/npbsn41/pictures/sarcomere.gif
Page 15: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Type of muscle?

Page 16: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Type of muscle?

Page 17: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Skeletal Muscle Breakdown

• Muscle• Bundle• Fibers (cells)• Myofibril• Filaments

–Actin–Myosin

Page 18: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your
Page 19: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Closer look at the filaments:

• Actin:

• Myosin:

Page 20: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Closer look at the filaments:

• Actin: thin filaments on outside

• Myosin:

Page 21: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Closer look at the filaments:

• Actin: thin filaments on outside

• Myosin: thick filaments in the middle

Page 22: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Closer look at the filaments:

• Z lines:

Page 23: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Closer look at the filaments:

• Z lines: attach the actin together

ActinMyosinZ lines

Page 24: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Muscle contraction:

• Myosin heads grab and pull on actin

Page 25: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Muscle contraction

• Myosin heads grab and pull on actin

http://www.ebsa.org/npbsn41/pictures/sarcomere.gif
Page 26: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Muscle relaxed:

Muscle contracted:

Draw a picture of this in your notes

Page 27: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Muscles work in pairs

Page 28: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your
Page 29: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Superficial muscles of

the face

Page 30: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Anteriorsuperficial muscles

Page 31: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Posterior superficialmuscles

Page 32: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Superficial muscles of the thigh

Page 33: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Muscle Contraction

• Myofibrils are made of filaments• Striations are formed by a pattern of thick and thin

filaments made of protein• Thick filaments are made of the protein myosin• Thin filaments are made of the protein actin• Filaments are arranges in units called sarcomeres• Sarcomeres are separated by from eachother by regions

called Z discs

http://www.ebsa.org/npbsn41/pictures/sarcomere.gif
Page 34: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Actin and Myosin: Cause muscles to contract

• A muscle contracts when thin filaments slide over thick filaments

• Myosin forms a cross-bridge with actin• The cross bridge changes shape pulling

the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere

• The distance between the Z discs decreases

• The cross-bridge then detaches

Page 35: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

Control of Muscle Contraction• An enzyme produces an impulse causes the

release of Calcium ions (Ca+) allowing actin and myosin to interact

• The muscle remains contracted until the impulse ceases

• Calcium ions pumped back into storage and contraction ends

• Contraction of a single muscle fiber is an all-or-none process!

• Most skeletal muscles work in opposing pairs-when one contracts the other relaxes

Page 36: Muscular System. Facts about muscles… A skeleton cannot move by itself > 40% of the mass of the average human body is muscle Found everywhere in your

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