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Mutations (Ch. 17)

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Page 1: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

Mutations(Ch. 17)

Page 2: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

Mutations • Point mutations– single base change • silent mutation– no amino acid change– redundancy in code

• missense– change amino acid– Changes the final protien

• nonsense– change to stop codon– Stopping prematurely

When do mutationsaffect the nextgeneration?

Page 3: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

Point mutation lead to Sickle cell anemia

What kind of mutation?

What structure has the mutation? RNA or DNA

Page 4: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

Mutations • Frameshift– shift in the reading frame• changes everything

“downstream”– insertions• adding base(s)

– deletions• losing base(s)

Where would this mutation cause the most change:

beginning or end of gene?

Page 5: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino
Page 6: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

What’s the value ofmutations?

Page 7: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

Review Questions

Page 8: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

1. If proteins were composed of only 12 different kinds of amino acids, what would be the small-est possible codon size in a genetic system with four different nucleotides? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 12

Page 9: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

2. A portion of the genetic code is UUU = phenylalanine, GCC = alanine, AAA = lysine, and CCC = proline. Assume the correct code places the amino acids phenylalanine, alanine, and lysine in a protein (in that order). Which of the following DNA sequences would substitute proline for alanine? A. AAA-CGG-TTA B. AAT-CGG-TTT C. AAA-CCG-TTT D. AAA-GGG-TTT E. AAA-CCC-TTT

Page 10: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

3. What is the relationship among DNA, a gene, and a chromosome?A. A chromosome contains hundreds of genes, which

are composed of protein. B. A chromosome contains hundreds of genes, which

are composed of DNA. C. A gene contains hundreds of chromosomes, which

are composed of protein. D. A gene is composed of DNA, but there is no

relationship to a chromosome. E. A gene contains hundreds of chromosomes, which

are composed of DNA.

Page 11: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

4. A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is A. TTT. B. UUA. C. UUU. D. AAA. E. either UAA or TAA, depending on wobble in the

first base.

Page 12: Mutations (Ch. 17) Mutations Point mutations – single base change silent mutation – no amino acid change – redundancy in code missense – change amino

5. A part of an mRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a ribosome: 5' CCG-ACG 3' (mRNA). The following activated transfer RNA molecules are available. Two of them can correctly match the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form.

The dipeptide that will form will beA. cysteine-alanine. B. proline-threonine. C. glycine-cysteine. D. alanine-alanine. E. threonine-glycine.

tRNA Anticodon Amino Acid

GGC Proline

CGU Alanine

UGC Threonine

CCG Glycine

ACG Cysteine

CGG Alanine


1. Silent Mutations Change in nucleotide has no effect on amino acid in protein Occurs: Introns Wobble effect

Mutations · 2020-05-06 · All point mutations are a results of SUBSTITUTION( one nucleotide replaces another)!!!!-Silent mutations: have no effect on the amino acid produced.-Missense

MUTATIONS Mutations Changes to DNA are called mutations change the DNA changes the mRNA may change protein may change trait DNA TACGCACATTTACGTACG

-to- 3-amino acid mutations on the binding of

Random Mutations and Evolutionary Change: Ronald Fisher ... · Random Mutations and Evolutionary Change: Ronald Fisher, JBS Haldane, & Sewall Wright For 70 years after the publication

MUTATIONS Chapter 11.3, Chapter 12. Mutations Mutation = change in DNA sequence Mutations can be caused by errors in replication, transcription, translation,

BCL2 Mutations Are Associated with Increased Risk of ...€¦ · 2 KEY POINTS • BCL2 mutations in follicular lymphoma correlate with AID expression and frequently alter the amino

We can learn about how they evolve fromChange in primary amino acid sequence Mutation A. Silent mutations B. Point mutations Type of Mutation A. Silent mutations Code for the same

Mutations. Sickle Cell Anemia Mutations Can be a change in the DNA base sequence or a change in a chromosome Can be a change in the DNA base sequence

Mutationssmpanthers.org/fshafai/files/Ch 17 Mutations.pdf · AP Biology When do mutations affect the next generation? Mutations Point mutations single base change base-pair substitution

Effect of mutations to amino acid A301 and F361 in

GENETIC MUTATIONS GENE MUTATIONS Change/mistake with individual gene Point Mutation – 1 amino acid is changed Frameshift Mutation – an amino acid is added

Amino-Acid Mutations on Influenza Hemagglutinin · viruses Article Accurate Measurement of the Effects of All Amino-Acid Mutations on Influenza Hemagglutinin Michael B. Doud 1,2,3

Random Mutations and Evolutionary Change: Ronald Fisher, JBS …m.docente.unife.it/giorgio.bertorelle/didattica... · 2010-10-21 · Random Mutations and Evolutionary Change: Ronald

Mutations. What is a mutation? A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene. Mutations in a gene's DNA sequence can alter the amino

Mutations A change in the DNA structure There are two categories of mutations

Mutations. A. Introduction to Mutations -A mutation is a change in DNA sequence (order of nucleotides). -Mutations are important because they increase

MUTATIONS How mistakes are made…. Mutations Mutations are defined as “a sudden genetic change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information”

proteins - Temple University...Proteins are molecular machines whose thermodynamic stability and fit-ness are encoded in their amino acid sequence. Mutations can change the energetic

DNA Mutations. Victims of Chernobyl - Mutations What are mutations? Mutations are a change in the genetic material of a cell (i.e. the genes)

Mutation any change in DNA. Mutations Mutations are defined as a sudden genetic change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information. They

MUTATIONS. Weird Genetics Mutations A change in genetic information Can occur randomly (naturally) Or can be deliberately

Mutations Mutations: change in the genetic material …. Now and again cells make mistakes in copying DNA

Amino-Acid Mutations on Influenza Hemagglutininresearch.fhcrc.org/content/dam/stripe/bloom/labfiles/publications/... · Amino-Acid Mutations on Influenza Hemagglutinin ... deep

Understand what mutations are Understand how they occur Analyze the different types of mutations Understand how mutations affect amino acid

Evidence of the Recombinant Origin and Ongoing Mutations ... · dissimilar amino acid substitutions. It was followed by spike segment S orf with 13 amino acid residue substitutions

Mutations. A mutations are a change in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA Mutations are essential for evolution to occur Mutations are the ultimate source

12-4 Mutations Mutation: A Change in DNA

Single amino acid mutations effect Zika virus replication ...Aug 06, 2020  · 3 47 To determine if naturally occurring individual mutations in the Zika virus epidemic genotype 48

Genetic Mutations. Mutations Mutations: changes in the DNA They may not change the individual in a way that impacts their reproductive success or

INFLUENZA-1 · 2013. 12. 8. · Influenza Antigenic Changes Antigenic Drift Minor change, same subtype Caused by point mutations in gene, minor change of an amino acid sequence of

6.3 DNA Mutations · Single-gene Mutations involve changes in the nucleotide sequence of one gene categorized according to how they affect the amino acid sequence: 1. Silent mutations

Mutations & Genetic Disorders - Ms. Bustos › ... › 4 › 120409855 › mutationsgenetic… · MUTATIONS & GENETIC DISORDERS. MUTATIONS Mutation: •Any mistake or change in the

Self Assessment Question 1 Mutations that change the nucleotide sequence without changing the amino acid sequence are: A.Conditional mutations B.Silent

+ Mutations Chapter 12-4. + What are mutations? Any change to the genetic code Gene mutations: A change in one or a few nucleotides in a gene Chromosomal