mutual recognition of judicial decisions and confiscation 15 years after tampere syracuse 22-23...
TRANSCRIPT
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MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF JUDICIAL DECISIONS AND CONFISCATION 15
YEARS AFTER TAMPERESYRACUSE
22-23 SEPTEMBER 2014
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Is the current legal framework sufficient?
Dave FennellMutual Assistance and Extradition DivisionDepartment of Justice & EqualityIreland
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Question: Is the current legal framework
sufficient?
Answer: Probably not. A lot has been achieved
but more can be done
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What can be done?
• The Irish approach to targeting proceeds of crime
• Our experience of mutual assistance
• Where do we go from here?
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Targeting proceeds of crime in Ireland
• Criminal Assets Bureau
• Proceeds of Crime Act 1996
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Proceeds of Crime Act
• Non-conviction• Independent of criminal proceedings• Targets property• Civil law procedures• Interim order exparte• After 21 days, a new application• Onus of proof shifts• After 7 years, the property is forfeit
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CAB objectives
• Identify assets suspected to derive directly or indirectly from criminal activity
• Take action to deprive or to deny persons of the assets
• Pursue investigations arising from above objectives
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Criminal Assets Bureau (CAB)
• Multi-agency– Police (37)– Revenue/Customs (12)– Department of Social Protection (DSP) (5)– Department of Justice (16)• Anonymity for Revenue/DSP/Justice officers
– Own legal support– Specific criminal offences of
obstructing/assaulting CAB officers
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CAB results (1996-2012)
• €100m – proceeds of crime
• €150m – taxes collected
• €3m – social security savings
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Positives
• Creates deterrent• Undermines Organised Crime Groups
activities• Creates visibility on the ground• Engenders confidence in the system• Encourages public support
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Negatives
• Assets migrate• Criminals become more sophisticated• Organised Crime still operational
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So that’s our domestic process. What’s happening with mutual
assistance?
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Mutual assistance
• In 2013, the Irish Central Authority dealt with 584 requests for assistance and transmitted 200 requests.
• Of the 784 requests, how many involved freezing/confiscation?
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5.
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Why only 5?
• Ireland does not transmit requests.
• But how do we explain the small number of requests received?
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So what needs to be done?
• More legislation?
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More legislation?• Conventions• Directive 2014/42/UE• Council FDs– 2001/500/JHA– 2003/577/JHA– 2005/212/JHA– 2006/873/JHA– 2006/960/JHA– 2007/845/JHA– 2008/977/JHA
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What’s the problem with non conviction based approach?
–Critics say that police should chase criminals, not money. Chase both. –Not compatible with some
national/constitutional systems. –So, if we cannot expand non conviction
based measures, what can we do?
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Can we expand mutual recognition of existing civil orders?
• To what extent should executing MS be able to look behind order from the issuing MS?
• Given that the issuing MS is bound by CFR/ECHR, is there a need to look behind order?
• To what extend could other EU instruments (procedural rights) offer some comfort?
• Could MR be restricted to very serious offences?
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Challenges to Irish legislation
• Right to fair trial• Reversal on the onus of proof• Right against self incrimination• Restricts right of access to the courts• Breaches rights to private property
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The foundation of justice is good faith
- Marcus Tullius Cicero