nano 100 synopsis - psma.com | power sources …jan 31, 2006 · nanomix is an exciting...

Copyright © 2007 by Anthony F. Laviano

10-9

•The First Nano Step•Where It Is Happening•Finding What You Can Not See•Nano Power Possibilities

a brisk nanotechnology tutorial in four packets

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PSMA Nano 100

A SynopsisA Synopsis

To ViewTo ViewTo ReadTo Read


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Physical ScienceLife Science

Nanotechnology

Think of nanotechnology having two areas of concentration,

Life Science and Physical Science.


10-9Prefix Symbol Multiplier Exponential

yotta Y 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1024

zetta Z 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1021

exa E 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 1018

peta P 1,000,000,000,000,000 1015

tera T 1,000,000,000,000 1012

giga G 1,000,000,000 109

mega M 1,000,000 106

kilo k 1,000 103

hecto h 100 102

deca da 10 101

1 100

deci d 0.1 10‾1

centi c 0.01 10‾2

milli m 0.001 10‾3

micro µ 0.000001 10‾6

nano n 0.000000001 10‾9

pico p 0.000000000001 10‾12

femto f 0.000000000000001 10‾15

atto a 0.000000000000000001 10‾18

zepto z 0.000000000000000000001 10‾21

yocto y 0.000000000000000000000001 10‾24

Metric Prefix Table

Nanotechnology is sometimes referred to as “nanoscale” and “ten to the minus ninth”.

Nanostructures have at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nanometers


10-9 Nano-Scale

Source: 1999 NSTC

Less than a nanometerIndividual atoms are a few tenths of a nanometer in diameter.

NanometerTen shoulder-to shoulder hydrogen atoms (blue balls) span 1 nanometer. DNA molecules are about 2.5 nanometers wide.

Thousands of nanometers

Biological cells, like these blood cells, have diameters in the range of thousands ofnanometers.

A million nanometersThe pinhead sized patch of this thumb (circled inblack) is a million

nanometers across.

Billions ofNanometersA two meter tallMale is two billionnanometers tall.

Natural nanotechnologyMuch of the photosysthesis that powers forests unfoldsinside tiny cellular power houses Chloroplasts. These contain nanoscale molecular machinery (including pigment molecules like chlorophyll) arranged inside stacked structures, called Thylakoid disks, that convert light and carbon dioxide into biochemical energy.

Chloroplast


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You may ask me, “What is Nanotechnology?”

My answer is this.

“Nanotechnology is the collaboration of chemistry, biology,

physics, computer, and material sciences integrated with

Engineering, Application, Education and Business entering the

Nanoscale Universe. This means science, engineering and

management focused on creating materials, devices, and systems

at the atomic and molecular level.”

Dialogues for The Cookie Jar by Dr. Anthony F. Laviano

Definition


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Nanotechnology

Chemistry

Physics

Biology

Management

and

Engineering

Molecules

Polymer Proteins

Cells

DevicesSolid, Surfaces

Nanotechnology is Multi-discipline

Disciplines


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Senate Bill 2515 dated 27 June 2002Established Nanotechnology

House Bill 766 dated 7 May 2003Nanotechnology Research and Development Act

Approved by Congress Signed by PresidentS. 189 Dec 2003 $3.7Billion

“First, I propose to double the federal commitment to the most critical basic

research programs in the physical sciences over the next 10 years. This

funding will support the work of America's most creative minds as they

explore promising areas such as nanotechnology…”

President George W. Bush delivers his State of the Union Address at the Capitol, Tuesday, Jan. 31, 2006.

The United States Government is now investing in the Physical Sciences.

U.S. Government Commitment


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The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) is a federal R&D program

established to coordinate the multiagency efforts in nanoscale science,

engineering, and technology.

Eighteen federal agencies participate in the Initiative, 10 of which have

an R&D budget for nanotechnology. Other Federal organizations

contribute with studies, applications of the results from those agencies

performing R&D, and other collaborations.

The goals of the NNI are to:

1. conduct R&D to realize the full potential of this revolutionary technology;2. develop the skilled workforce and supporting infrastructure needed to advance R&D; 3. better understand the social, ethical, health, and environmental implications of the technology; and, 4. facilitate transfer of the new technologies into commercial products.


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State Governments are funding nanotechnology by establishing

Nanotechnology Centers and working with the University and

Business communities to develop their State economy and work force.

State Government Funding


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Universities throughout the U.S. are involved in nanotechnology science,

engineering, business and education augmenting nanotechnology development.

University Funding


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There are over 300 companies in the United States that are nanotechnology

companies that are involved in material, electronics, computers, optics, energy,

biotechnology, and other fields. Start-up nanotechnology companies are increasing.

Capital Investment


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Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic. European Union, France, Germany, IndiaIreland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, China, Romania, Russia,South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States of America, and others.

World Wide Activity

The U.S. Government, States, U.S. Universities, and U.S. Industries

are not alone forging ahead to advance nanotechnology; each of their

counterparts throughout the world are also involved in nanotechnology.


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Electronics January 22, 1960 -The button-like object by the model with a pair of tweezers is actually an

amplifier, which performs the same function as the conventional amplifier on the table. The tiny unit was

developed and built by scientists of Westinghouse Electric Corporation in cooperation with the Air Force to

demonstrate the feasibility of molecular electronics -- a new electrical engineering concept that could

revolutionize the electronics industry and extend man's reach into space.


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Robotics

Technology Today and beyond…

Advanced Computing

Biotechnology

Directed Energy

Micro Air Vehicles

Space

Yesterday Today’s technology is at the nanoscale!


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QuantumSphere, Inc. is a leading manufacturer of nanoscale metals and

alloys for applications in renewable energy, electronics, aerospace,

defense and other markets demanding advanced materials.

QSI-Nano™ metals and alloys were developed in response to the need

for disruptive, cost-efficient renewable energy solutions with proven

durability in a wide range of commercial applications. The company is

leveraging its leading market position to manufacture and ship high

performance catalyst materials and electrode devices for batteries, micro

fuel cells for portable power, photovoltaics (solar cells) and hydrogen

generation, among others.

Advanced Material Leaders, Leveraging Nonmetals and alloysfor Clean Energy Applications


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Nantero NRAM™ Device

Nantero is a nanotechnology company using carbon nanotubes for the development of

next-generation semiconductor devices. These devices include memory, logic, and other semiconductor products. In the field of memory, Nantero is developing NRAM™,

a high-density nonvolatile Random Access Memory. The company's objective is to

deliver a product that will replace all existing forms of memory, such as DRAM, SRAM

and flash memory, with NRAM™ serving as universal memory.


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INEX is a microsystems and nanotechnology R&D, commercialization and manufacturing organization

Lab on a chip technology encompasses actuators and sensors for sample preparation and analyte

detection. Research spans all sample processing functions needed for final multiplexed molecular recognition using optical or electrochemical methods. Cellular and molecular manipulations are

driven by microfluidics, and microparticles are used for enhanced functionality.

Lab on a chipResearch activities


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Inframat® Corporation ("IMC") is an emerging technology

company founded in 1996 to develop nanostructured materials to improve performance and extend the life of

coated components used throughout the global

infrastructure.

Hydraulic rod with thermal sprayed

alumina/titania nanocoating


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Biomolecule Products The Sensation™ detection platform will simplify and expand the use of

biomolecule analysis through easy-

to-use, point-of-care products. A

disposable cartridge is interrogated

using a small handheld electronic reader, providing diagnostic

information in minutes instead of

days.

Nanomix is an exciting nanotechnology company

currently launching a menu of nanoelectronic detection devices combining carbon nanotube electronics with

silicon microstructures. These sensors will add value

across a broad range of industrial and medical

applications where the attributes of nanotechnology -

low power consumption, small size, and high sensitivity offer significant performance advantages.


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Buck ConverterBuck Converter

We have come a long way since our earlier power device, the horse.

We have transitioned to power electronic sources smoothly through technology .

We learned to power horseless platforms. Size and weight, while important, were not insurmountable issues.

Power Sources


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Electronic platforms have changed. They are getting smaller and smarter.

Size, weight and power are now critical issues. Horse/buggy and horseless

designed power sources will not fulfill electronic platform future needs.

Electronic Platforms


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“We are now in the millennium of nano power sources. In this millennium,

not only do we need to keep our eye the donut but, more importantly, the hole.

Our design strategy must now harmonize things seen and not seen,

micro technology and nanotechnology.” - S.A.G.

Nano

Micro

Nano Millenium


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Batteries, fuel cells and solar cells are macro-size.

Their architectures need to be reconstructed into the nanoscale.

Batteries, Fuel and Solar Cells


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Nanospyder is a futuristic project concept created by three designers based at the Volkswagen Design Center in Santa Monica for the Los Angeles Auto Show Design Challenge. The main highlight is the vehicle structure made of billions of tiny programmable nano devices supported by hydrogen fuel cells, solar power, wheel-mounted electric motors and inflatable organic body panels combine to form the unusual shape of the two-seater concept.

The Nanospyder’s billions of nano devices are waiting for nano power devices.

Nanospyder


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The development team at mPhase

Technologies has

engineered a smart

nanobattery, which is

being evaluated by staff at Picatinny

Arsenal, N.J.AlwaysReady, Inc. will bring to market the breakthrough products Smart Nanobattery and Ultra-sensitive Magnetometers

Companies are beginning to see the hole in the donut.

Nano

Micro


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The prototype direct-current nanogenerator was developed by Georgia Tech researchers using an array of zinc oxide nanowires.

Researchers at Georgia Tech have demonstrated a prototype nanometer-scale generator that

produces continuous direct-current electricity by harvesting mechanical energy from such

environmental sources as ultrasonic waves, mechanical vibration or blood flow.

Researchers are beginning to see the hole in the donut.

Nano

Micro


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Autonomous Systems at the Nanoscale

Yesterday

Today and beyond…

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nano 100 synopsis - psma.com | power sources …jan 31, 2006 · nanomix is an exciting...

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