nanoparticle production
TRANSCRIPT
SelectedNanopar.cleResearchandFiberOp.cProduc.onProcesses
StevenBurrowsVirginiaTech
MorrisResearchGroup
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Hemisphericalcollectorsurfaceinuse(TiO2). CondensedfilmofTiO2.
Shimstockcollectorsurfaceinuse(TiO2).
UsedTiO2targetpellets.
Laserop.calsystem.
A B
C
D
E
LaserVaporiza.on–Condensa.onNanopar.cleSynthesis
3
UreaHydrolysisAuDeposi.ononEvonikP25TiO2
A
B
C
4
FAN
FAN
Heated Sand Bath
Air-cooled reflux condenser tubes
Aluminum air duct tube
Air FlowAir Flow
Stirrer Motors
Note the removeable top and sliding air ducts for connection to the condenser duct.
UreaHydrolysisAuDeposi.ononEvonikP25TiO2
UreaHydrolysisGoldDeposi4onCO(NH2)2(aq)+3H2O(l)→CO2(g)+2NH4OH(aq)
pH3at30∘CtopH8atT~80∘CHAuCl4(aq)+4NH4OH(aq)→Au(OH)3(s)+4NH4Cl(aq)+H2O(l)
UreaHydrolysisGoldDeposi4onCO(NH2)2(aq)+3H2O(l)→CO2(g)+2NH4OH(aq)
pH3at30∘CtopH8atT~80∘CHAuCl4(aq)+4NH4OH(aq)→Au(OH)3(s)+4NH4Cl(aq)+H2O(l)
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PreformFabrica.onGaseousReactantMixingSystem
MFC
Digital Scale(Networked)
O2 Carrier
MFC
Digital Scale(Networked)
O2 Carrier
MFC
Digital Scale(Networked)
O2 Carrier
SiCl4 GeCl4 POCl3
MFC
O2 Makeup
MFCHe
MFCBCl3
Temperature Controlled Enclosure
to Process
to ControlComputer
MFC = Electronic Mass Flow Controller
MixingManifold
LiquidVaporization
Spargers
Mobile H2 / O2Torch Bank
ReactionZone
SinteredGlassLayer
Wall-DepositedOxide "Soot" Particles
Waste "Soot" and Cl2 (g)
SiCl4 (g)GeCl4 (g)POCl3 (g)
BCl3 (g)O2 (g)
Reactants:
Mobile H2 / O2Torch Bank
Cl2 (g)
Substrate Tube
Vapor-DepositedSubstrate Tube
CollapsedPreform Rod
Vapor-deposited glass layers at rod center
Fiber Optic Preform Rod Quartz Handle Rod
PreformFabrica.on:ChemicalVaporDeposi.on(CVD)
Internaldeposi.onofmul.pledopedSiO2layersinquartzsubstratetube.
Collapseofinternallycoatedsubstratetubetosolidpreformrod.
Finishedpreformrodonquartzhandle.
1
2
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"Soot" Deposition Torch
SiCl4 (g)GeCl4 (g)POCl3 (g)
BCl3 (g)O2 (g)
Reactants:
CH4 (g)O2 (g)
GlassMandrel
He(g), Cl2 (g)
Heating Element
OxideParticles
Fiber Optic Preform Rod Quartz Handle Rod
"Soot" Preform
"Soot" Preform
Torchdeposi.onofflamehydrolyzedpar.clesontodopedSiO2mandrel.
Dehydra.onof“soot”preformwithHe,Cl2andsinteringtovitreousrod.
Finishedpreformrodonquartzhandle.
1
2
3
PreformFabrica.on:OutsideVaporDeposi.on(OVD)
7
DrawingOp.calFiberfromPreformRods
• Preformfeedspeedissetataconstantrate.
• Thefurnacemaybe:– GraphiteResistance– RF–CoupledZirconiaMuffle– InfraredLaser
• ThecapstanspeedislinkedtotheuncoatedfiberdiameteratLaserMicrometer1.
• Thefibercoa.ngsystemmayinclude:– ExtrudedThermoplas.cs– RTVSilicone– UV-curedAcrylate
Furnace
Preform Rod
PreformFeedMechanism
Laser Micrometer 1
Laser Micrometer 2
MotorizedCapstan
CoatingExtruder
TakeupSpool
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