NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

PROGRAMME

WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION IN INDIA

Drinking water supply and sanitation facilities are

very important and crucial for achieving the goal of

“HEALTH FOR ALL”.

According to WHO, “poor sanitation and inadequate

sewage disposal the nation’s biggest public health

problems.”

Contd.…. Approximately 80-90% of untreated sewage is

discharged directly into rivers and streams, the main

source water supply in cities. Human faeces remains

one of the world’s most dangerous pollutants,

spreading microbes that causes typhoid, cholera,

diarrheal illness, amoebic dysentery and other

virulent disease.

STATUS IN INDIA

URBAN RURAL TOTAL

Improved water source : 96% 84% 88%

Improved sanitation : 54% 21% 31%

SERVICE QUALITY

WATER SUPPLY CONTINUITY

According to INDIAN NORMS, access to improved

water supply exists if at least 40 liter/ capita / day of safe

drinking water are provided within a distance of 1.6km

or 100 meter of elevation difference, to be relaxed as per

field conditions. There should be at least one pump per

250 persons.

SANITATION

In 2010, the UN estimated based on India statistics that

626 million people practice open defecation.

In June 2012, minister of rural development JAIRAM

RAMESH stated India is the words largests “ open air

toilet.”

Of the 2.5 Billion people in the world that defecate

openly, some 665 Million live in India.

ENVIRONMENT

As of 2003, it was estimated that only 27% of India’s

waste water was being treated, with the remainder

flowing into rivers, canals, ground water or the sea.

RIVER GANGES -INDIA

HEALTH IMPACT

The lack of adequate sanitation and safe water has

significant negative health impacts including diarrhea,

chronic diseases, respiratory problems, skin disorders,

allergies, headaches and eye infections.

RESPONSIBILTY FOR WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

Water supply and sanitation is a state responsibility

under the INDIAN CONSTITUTION.

State may give the responsibility to the Panchayati

Raj Institutions (PRI) in rural areas.

In urban areas, responsibility is given to the

municipalities, called Urban Local Bodies (ULB).

POLICY AND REGULATION

The responsibility for water supply and sanitation at

the central and state level is shared by various

ministries. At the central level three ministries have

responsibilities in the sector.

1) The Ministry Of Drinking Water And Sanitation

2) The Ministry Of Housing And Urban Poverty

Alleviation

3) The Ministry Of Urban Development.

ROLE OF GOVERNMENT - INDIA

1954 – National Water Supply And Sanitation

Programme

1972 – ARWSP (Accelerated Rural Water Supply

Programme)

1981 – International Drinking Water Supply And

Sanitation Programme

2002 – Swajaldhara

2008 – National Urban Sanitation Policy

NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROGRAMME

It was initiated in 1954.

Objective :

To providing safe water supply and adequate drainage

facilities for the entire urban and rural population of the

country.

Targets :

a) 100% urban and rural water supply.

b) 50% urban sanitation.

c) 25% rural sanitation.

ARWSP (ACCELERATED RURAL WATER SUPPLY PROGRAMME)

In 1972, a special programme known as “ARWSP”

was started as supplement to the national water

supply and sanitation programme.

The central government supports the efforts of the

states in identifying problem villages through

assistance under ARWSP.

A ‘Problem village’ has been defined as one where no

source of safe water is available within a distance of

1.6 km / 15 m deep, or where source has excess salinity

iron, fluorides & other toxic elements, or where water

is exposed to the risk of cholera.

INTERNATIONAL DRINKING WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

PROGRAMME

It was launched in 1981 by the government of India.

Targets were set on coverage – 100% coverage for

water, both urban and rural, 80% for urban

sanitation and 25% for rural sanitation.

The stipulated norm of water supply is 40 litres of safe

drinking water per capita per day.

At least one hand pump/ spot source for every 250

persons.

Adopt proper environmental practices including

disposal of garbage, refuse and waste water.

To convert all existing dry latrines into low cost

sanitary latrines.

SWAJALDHARA It was launched in 25th dec. 2002. It has certain reform

principles which needed to be adhered by the states

governments.

AIMS

To provide safe drinking water in rural areas, with full ownership

of the community, building awareness among the village

community on the management of drinking water projects,

including better hygiene practices and encouraging water

conservation practices along with rainwater harvesting.

Swajaldhara has two components :

1. Swajaldhara 1 (first dhara) : is for gram panchayat

or a group of panchayat (at block / tehsil level).

2. Swajaldhara 2 (second dhara) : has district as the

project area.

ACTIVITIES

Plan , implement , operate , maintain and manage all

water supply and sanitation programme.

Conversation measures :

A. Rain water harvesting

B. Ground water recharge system

NATIONAL URBAN SANITATION POLICY

In November 2008 , the government of India launched a

National Urban Sanitation policy.

GOAL:- The main goal of this policy is creating “ totally

sanitized cities” that are

- to treat all waste water

- to make free from open defecation

- to eliminate manual scavenging

- to collect and dispose solid waste safety.

THANK YOU