nature and characteristics of intelligence and testing
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Nature and Characteristics
of Intelligence and Testing
Reporter: Eloisa Alvaro-Rivera
![Page 2: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Have you ever consciously considered these questions?
•• Am I an intelligent person?•• How intelligent am I?•• How do we judge if someone is
intelligent or not?•• How can we measure the
intelligence of a person??
![Page 3: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
There are some other questions too:
•What is intelligence?•Is intelligence how one deals with
others? or•Is intelligence how precisely we learn a
new task? or•Is it how good we are in our studies? Or•Is intelligence how well we can solve
problems? or
![Page 4: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
There are some other questions too:•Is it how we accurately judge people? Or
•Is intelligence all of this, or even more than all this?
•Different people may understand intelligence differently.
If you think intelligence is all of this or even more than all this, then you are right.
![Page 5: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Intelligence“The capacity to acquire
and apply knowledge”
![Page 6: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Intelligence
According to Feldman “intelligence is the capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges”
![Page 7: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Intelligence
Definition:capacity for learning, reasoning,
understanding, and similar forms of mental activity; aptitude in grasping
truths, relationships, facts, meanings, etc.
![Page 8: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:
1. Sir Francis Galton’s theory2. James McKeen Cattell3. Spearman’s Theory of Intelligence 4. Thorndike’s Theory: Social Intelligence5. Thurstone’s Theory of Intelligence: Seven Primary
Mental Abilities6. R.B Cattell and J.L Horn’s Theory; Crystalline and
Fluid Intelligence7. Gardner’s multiple intelligence8. Information processing approaches9. Practical intelligence10. Emotional intelligence
![Page 9: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:1. Sir Francis Galton’s theory
“hereditary genius” Concluded that traits like intelligence were
inherited2. James McKeen Cattell
American psychologist who gave more importance to the mental processes.
First ever to use the term “mental test” for devices used to measure intelligence.
Developed tasks that were aimed to measure reaction time, word association test, keenness of vision and weight discrimination.
These tests were proved to be a failure as they were not comprehensive and complex enough to measure intelligence
![Page 10: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:3. R.B Cattell and J.L Horn’s Theory;
Crystalline and Fluid Intelligence.Fluid intelligence: Intelligence that reflects
information processing capabilities, reasoning, and memory. E.g. solve puzzle, analogy, or remember a set of numbers etc
Crystallized intelligence: The accumulation of information, skills, and strategies that are learned through experience and can be applied in problem solving situations. E.g. solution to poverty, unemployment etc
![Page 11: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:
4. Spearman’s Theory of Intelligence
-g factor: the ability to reason and solve problems; general intelligence.
-s factor: the ability to excel in certain areas.
![Page 12: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:
5. Thurstone’s Theory of Intelligence-There’s no evidence of general
intelligence-There are 7 primary mental abilities -Intelligence needs to be measured on
all 7 mental abilities
![Page 13: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Thurstone’s theory of intelligence
![Page 14: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:
6. Gardner’s multiple intelligence
A theory that proposes that there are eight distinct spheres of intelligence.
![Page 15: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence
(Catlin, n.d.)
![Page 16: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:
7. Information processing approaches.- Cognitive psychologist- Examine the processes underlying
intelligent behaviors rather than focusing on the structure intelligence.
- More time on initial encoding
![Page 17: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence:8. Practical intelligence
“The art of common sense”individuals applying their abilities to the kinds of problems that confront them in everyday life
![Page 18: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Sternberg’s Theory of Practical
Intelligence
(Stateuniversity.com)
![Page 19: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Theories / types / explanations of intelligence•10. Emotional Intelligence (EQ)
capacity of individuals to recognize their own and other peoples emotions.
![Page 20: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What is Emotional Quotient?
EQ is said to be a measure of a person’s emotional intelligence
The ability to Understand the needs and feelings of oneself and
other people Manage one’s own Feeling Respond to others in appropriate way
EI is largely learnt, developed throughout life and conditioned by life's experience.
Improved by training, coaching, experience.20
![Page 21: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Goleman’s Theory of Emotional Intelligence
![Page 22: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
GETS YOU HIRED GETS YOU FIRED/PROMOTED
THE PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS
IQ VS EQ(Intelligent Quotient Vs Emotional Quotient )
Two different kinds of intelligenceIntellectual Emotional
![Page 23: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Is intelligence inherited?Intelligence is inherited but can also be related to the environment.
Studies showed that heredity is an important factor.
Eg: If a person is a singer then it is assumed that any one of his/her family member might be a good singer like LATA MANGESHKAR.
![Page 24: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Can we increase our intelligence?Increasing intelligence can also know as amplification/enhancing.
Techniques to increase our intelligence are as follows:
Deep thinking.Good reasoning.Learning from past experience.Practice.
![Page 25: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ASSESSING INTELLIGENCE
![Page 26: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Intelligence test
![Page 27: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Individual intelligence test vs. Group TestIndividual Intelligence Testgiven one on one and provide a picture of an individuals intellectual abilityEx. IQ test commonly used Weschler Intelligence Test for Children (WISC) and Weschler Intelligence Test for Adults Group Test can be administered to group of persons at a timeEx. Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Scale
![Page 28: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Verbal Test vs. Performance Test•Verbal IQ Test measures the capacity to
use language inorder to express yourself, comprehend stories and understand other people.
•Performance Test is a score resulting from a test that assess your childs mental capacity in dealing nonverbal skills.
![Page 29: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
•Assessing intelligence
Achievement testA test designed to determine a person’s level
of knowledge in a given subject area.
Aptitude testA test designed to predict a person’s ability
in a particular area or line of work.
![Page 30: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Nature and Characteristics of Intelligence and Testing](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062412/5876c7821a28ab6d5a8b6273/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
THANK YOU