SocializationSocialization

and and

DevelopmentDevelopment

Chapter 4Chapter 4

Nature or Nurture?Nature or Nurture?

NatureNature Inherited characteristics Inherited characteristics

NurtureNurture Socialization experiences Socialization experiences

Becoming a Person: Biology and Becoming a Person: Biology and CultureCulture

Every human being is born with a set of Every human being is born with a set of genes, inherited units of biological genes, inherited units of biological material. material.

Where do theseWhere do these

inherit traits inherit traits

come from?come from?

The Process of SocializationThe Process of Socialization

SocializationSocialization The process of social interaction that The process of social interaction that

teaches the child the intellectual, physical, teaches the child the intellectual, physical, and social skills needed to function as a and social skills needed to function as a member of societymember of society

What kinds of things do humans learn What kinds of things do humans learn through socialization? through socialization? Their cultureTheir culture Acquire a personalityAcquire a personality

Deprivation and DevelopmentDeprivation and Development

Human infants must:Human infants must: Develop social attachmentsDevelop social attachments learn to have meaningful interactions and learn to have meaningful interactions and

affectionate bonds with others. affectionate bonds with others. So what happens when we do develop So what happens when we do develop

social attachments and meaningful, social attachments and meaningful, affectionate bonds? affectionate bonds? http://www.youtube.com/user/Sixlets69#p/u/10/STn3bpTTU6chttp://www.youtube.com/user/Sixlets69#p/u/10/STn3bpTTU6c

How does the self develop?How does the self develop? When the individual becomes aware of his When the individual becomes aware of his

or her feelings, thoughts, and behaviors as or her feelings, thoughts, and behaviors as separate and distinct from those of other separate and distinct from those of other people. people.

Dimensions of Human Dimensions of Human DevelopmentDevelopment

Agents of SocializationAgents of Socialization

The FamilyThe Family Primary means of socialization in most Primary means of socialization in most

societiessocieties Varies according to geography, subculture, Varies according to geography, subculture,

class, religion, ethnicity and different lifestyles class, religion, ethnicity and different lifestyles of parentsof parents

How important are schools to the How important are schools to the process of socialization?process of socialization?

The SchoolThe School Early interaction with othersEarly interaction with others Building social and inter-personal skillsBuilding social and inter-personal skills Early experience in institutional environmentsEarly experience in institutional environments

Agents of SocializationAgents of Socialization

Agents of SocializationAgents of Socialization

Peer GroupsPeer Groups Great influence in lifestyle issuesGreat influence in lifestyle issues Social supportSocial support Social pressure to conformSocial pressure to conform

What is “acting white?”What is “acting white?”

Diverse SocietyDiverse Society

Do you think television, movies, and video Do you think television, movies, and video games affect individuals’ behavior or games affect individuals’ behavior or

ideology?ideology?

Can we blame T.V., movies and video Can we blame T.V., movies and video games for the effect?games for the effect?

Why or why not?Why or why not?

The Mass MediaThe Mass Media 98.2% of all households in the U.S. have 98.2% of all households in the U.S. have

television sets, with an average of 2 sets per television sets, with an average of 2 sets per home. home.

Schoolchildren watch an average 2 1/2 hours of Schoolchildren watch an average 2 1/2 hours of television on school days and 4 hours and 20 television on school days and 4 hours and 20 minutes on weekends. minutes on weekends.

By the time most people reach the age of 18, By the time most people reach the age of 18, they will have spent more waking time watching they will have spent more waking time watching television than doing anything else.television than doing anything else.