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National Broadcasting Compan

Three-dimensional version of the NBC l

designed by Chermayeff & Geismar in 19

This variant has been in use since 201

Type Broadcast television netw

News radio network

Sports radio network

Branding NBC

Country United States

Availability National

Slogan More Colorful.[1]

Headquarters GE Building

New York City (East Co

operations, news and

production facilities)

The Burbank Studios,

Burbank, California (We

Coast production facilitie

10 Universal City Plaza,

Universal City, Californi

(West Coast operations, Angeles news bureau,

entertainment, and execu

Stamford, Connecticut (N

Sports)

Owner NBCUniversal

(through NBC Entertainme

(Comcast Corporation)

Key people Steve Burke, CEO

Bob Greenblatt, Chairma

NBC Entertainment

Mark Lazarus, ChairmanNBC Sports

Deborah Turness, Presid

NBC News[2]

Launch date November 15, 1926 (rad

April 30, 1939 (televisio

Picture

format1080i (HDTV)

480i (SDTV)

Callsigns NBC

Callsign

meaning

NationalBroadcasting

Company

NBCom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

heNational Broadcasting Company(NBC) is an American commercial broadcast television and

dio network. It is headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Rockefeller Center, with

ditional major offices near Los Angeles and in Chicago. NBC is sometimes referred to as the

eacock Network", due to its stylized peacock logo, which was originally created for its color

oadcasts.

ormed in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), NBC is the oldest major broadcast

twork in the United States. In 1986, control of NBC passed to General Electric (GE), with GE's $6.4llion purchase of RCA. GE had previously owned RCA and NBC until 1930, when it had been forced

sell the company as a result of antitrust charges.

fter the 1986 acquisition, the chief executive of NBC was Bob Wright, who remained in that position

til his retirement. He was succeeded by Jeff Zucker. The network is currently part of the media

mpany NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast, which formerly operated NBCUniversal in a joint

nture with General Electric from 2011 to 2013[3] (and before that, jointly owned by GE and Vivendi).

s a result of the merger, Zucker left NBC and was replaced by Comcast executive Steve Burke.

BC has eleven owned-and-operated stations and nearly 200 affiliates in the United States, some of

hich are also seen in Canada, along with NBC-branded international channels in South Korea and

ermany.[4][5] Archival footage from a majority of the NBC owned-and-operated stations is available

r perusal and purchase through the NBCUniversal Archives.

Contents

1 History

1.1 Radio

1.1.1 Earliest stations: WEAF and WJZ

1.1.2 Red and Blue Networks

1.1.3 Chimes

1.1.4 New beginnings: The Blue Network becomes

ABC

1.1.5 Defining radio's golden age

1.1.6 Decline

1.1.7 Restoration

1.2 Television

1.2.1 Color television

1.2.2 1970s doldrums

1.2.3 Tartikoff's turnaround

1.2.4 "Must See TV"

1.2.5 New century, new problems

1.2.6 Comcast takes over

2 NBC News

3 Programming

3.1 Specials

3.2 Daytime programs

3.3 Children's programming

4 NBCi

5 Evolution of the NBC logo

6 International broadcasts


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Affiliates Lists:

By stateorDetails

Official

websitewww.nbc.com (http://

www.nbc.com)

The GE Building in New York

is NBC's headquarters.

6.1 Canada

6.2 Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean and the Middle

East

6.2.1 NBC Super Channel becomes NBC Europe

6.2.2 Canal de Noticias

6.2.3 Caribbean

6.2.3.1 Bahamas

6.2.3.2 Bermuda

6.2.3.3 Netherlands Antilles

6.3 Asia Pacific

6.3.1 Guam

6.3.2 American Samoa

6.3.3 Federated States of Micronesia

6.3.4 NBC Asia and CNBC Asia

6.3.5 Regional partners

6.4 Australia

7 Library

8 Controversy9 Presidents of NBC Entertainment

10 See also

11 References

12 Further reading

13 External links

History

adio

arliest stations: WEAF and WJZ

uring a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America

RCA) had acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T). An

CA shareholder, Westinghouse, had a competing facility in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ (no

lation to the radio and television station in Baltimore currently using those call letters), which also served as the

agship for a loosely structured network. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, and

oved to New York.[6]

EAF acted as a laboratory for AT&T's manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products

cluded transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&T's telephone utility, was developing technologies to

ansmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, using both wireless and wired methods. The

22 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF had a regular

hedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs, and was an immediate

ccess. In an early example ofchainornetworkingbroadcasting, the station linked with the Outlet Company's

JAR in Providence, Rhode Island; and with AT&T's station in Washington, D.C., WCAP.

ew parent RCA saw an advantage in sharing programming, and after getting a license for station WRC in Washington, D.C., in 1923, attempted

ansmit audio between cities via low-quality telegraph lines. AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early ef

red poorly, since the uninsulated telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric and other electrical interference.

1925, AT&T decided WEAF and its embryonic network were incompatible with AT&T's primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T

fered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&T's phone lines for network transmission.[7]


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Radio City West was located at Su

Boulevard and Vine Street in Los

Angeles until it was replaced by ain the mid-1960s.

GE Building entrance

ed and Blue Networks

CA spent $1 million to buy WEAF and Washington sister station WCAP, shut down the latter station and merged its facilities with surviving sta

RC, and announced in late 1926 the creation of a new division known asThe National Broadcasting Company.[8] The new division was divided

wnership among RCA (50 percent), General Electric (30 percent), and Westinghouse (20 percent). NBC officially launched on November 15, 192

EAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On January 1, 1927, NB

rmally divided their respective marketing strategies: the Red Networkoffered commercially sponsored entertainment and music programming; th

ue Networkmostly carried sustaining or non-sponsored broadcasts, especially news and cultural programs. Various histories of NBC suggest the

lor designations for the two networks came from the color of the push pins NBC engineers used to designate affiliates of WEAF (red) and WJZ

r from the use of double-ended red and blue colored pencils. A similar two-part/two-color strategy appeared in the recording industry, dividing t

arket between classical (cf.RCA Red Seal) and popular offerings.

n April 5, 1927, NBC reached the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network, also known as

he Pacific Coast Network. This was followed by the October 18, 1931, debut of the NBC Gold Network, also

own asThe Pacific Gold Network. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming and the Gold

etwork carried programming from the Blue Network. Initially the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red

etwork programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. In 1936, the Orange Networkname

as dropped and network affiliate stations became part of the Red Network. At the same time, the Gold

etwork became part of the Blue Network. NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations in the

30s called theNBC White Network.

ior to occupying its location at Rockefeller Center, NBC had occupied upper floors of a building at 711 Fifth

venue developed by Floyd Brown, himself an architect.[9] Home of NBC from its construction in 1927,[9] the

oadcast company occupied floor designed by Raymond Hood who designed the tenant's multiple studios asGothic church, the Roman forum, a Louis XIV room and, in a space devoted to jazz, something wildly

turistic, with plenty of color in bizarre designs."[9] NBC outgrew 711 Fifth Avenue in 1933.[9]

1930, General Electric was compelled by antitrust charges to divest itself of RCA, which it had founded. RCA moved its corporate headquarters

e new Rockefeller Center in 1933, signing the leases in 1931. RCA was the lead tenant at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, the "RCA Building" (now the G

uilding). The building housed NBC's studios, as well as theaters for RCA-owned RKO Pictures. Rockefeller Center's founder and financier John

ockefeller, Jr., arranged the deal with the chairman of GE, Owen D. Young, and the president of RCA, David Sarnoff. [10]

himes

he famous three-note NBC chimes came about after several years of development. The three note sequence G-

-C' were heard first over Atlanta's WSB,[11] The chimes outline what is known to musicians as a second

version C Major triad. Someone at NBC in New York heard the WSB version of the notes during thetworked broadcast of a Georgia Tech football game and asked permission to use it on the national network.

BC started to use the three notes in 1931, and it was the first audio trademark to be accepted by the U.S. Patent

d Trademark Office.[12][13] A variant sequence was also used that went G-E'-C'-G, known as "the fourth

ime" and used during wartime (especially in the wake of the attack on Pearl Harbor), on D-Day, and disasters.

he NBC chimes were mechanized in 1932 by Richard H. Ranger of the Rangertone company; their purpose

as to send a low level signal of constant amplitude that would be heard by the various switching stations

anned by NBC and AT&T engineers, and thus used as a system cue for switching different stations between

e Red and Blue network feeds. Contrary to popular legend, the three musical notes, G-E'-C', did not originally stand for NBC's previous parent

rporation, the General Electric Company; although GE's radio station in Schenectady, New York, WGY, was an early NBC affiliate, and GE wa

rly shareholder in NBC's founding parent RCA. General Electric did not own NBC outright until 1986. G-E'-C' was incorporated into John Will

eme music for the NBC Nightly News, and is still used on NBC television. A variant with two preceding notes is used on the MSNBC cable

evision network. NBC's radio branch no longer exists.

ew beginnings: The Blue Network becomes ABC

he Federal Communications Commission (FCC) had, since its creation in 1934, investigated the monopolistic effects of network broadcasting. Th

CC found that NBC's two networks and its owned-and-operated stations dominated audiences, affiliates and advertising in American radio. In 193

e FCC ordered RCA to divest itself of one of the two networks. RCA fought the divestiture order, but in 1940 divided NBC into two companies

se an appeal was lost. The Blue Network becameNBC Blue Network, Inc.and NBC Red becameNBC Red Network, Inc.Both networks formal

vorced operations on January 8, 1942,[14] and the Blue Network was referred to on the air as either BlueorBlue Network, with official corporate

meBlue Network Company, Inc.NBC Red, on the air, became known simply as NBC.[15]


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NBC Tower in Chicago.

The front entrance of the NBC

Tower at 454 N. Columbus Dri

Chicago, Illinois.

fter losing its final appeal before the U.S. Supreme Court in May 1943, RCA sold Blue Network Company, Inc., for $8 million to Life Savers m

dward J. Noble, completing the sale on October 12, 1943.[16] Noble got the network name, leases on land-lines and the New York studios; two-a

lf stations (WJZ in Newark/New York; KGO in San Francisco, and WENR in Chicago, which shared a frequency withPrairie Farmerstation W

d about 60 affiliates. Noble wanted a better name for the network and in 1944 acquired the rights to the name "American Broadcasting Compan

om George Storer. The Blue Network became ABC officially on June 15, 1945, after the sale was completed.[7][17][18]

Defining radio's golden age

NBC became home to many of the most popular performers and programs on the air.

Al Jolson, Jack Benny, Edgar Bergen, Bob Hope, Fred Allen, and Burns and Allen

called NBC home, as did Arturo Toscanini's NBC Symphony Orchestra, which thenetwork helped him create. Other programs wereVic and Sade,Fibber McGee and

Molly,The Great Gildersleeve(arguably broadcasting's first spin-off program, from

Fibber McGee),One Man's Family,Ma Perkins, andDeath Valley Days. NBC

stations were often the most powerful, and some occupied unique clear-channel

national frequencies, reaching many hundreds or thousands of miles at night.

In the late 1940s, rival Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) gained ground by

allowing radio stars to use their own production companies, which was profitable for

them. In early radio years, stars and programs commonly hopped between networks

hen their short-term contracts expired. In 194849, beginning with the nation's top radio star, Jack Benny, many

BC performers (including Edgar Bergen and Charlie McCarthy, Burns and Allen and Frank Sinatra) jumped to

BS.

addition, NBC stars began moving toward television, including comedian Milton Berle, whose Texaco Starheateron NBC became television's first major hit. Conductor Arturo Toscanini conducted ten television

ncerts on NBC between 1948 and 1952. The concerts were simulcast on both TV and radio, perhaps the first

ch instance in which this was done. Two of them were historic firsts the first complete telecast of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9, and the first

mplete telecast of Verdi'sAida, performed in concert rather than with scenery and costumes. The Aidatelecast starred Herva Nelli and Richard

ucker.

ming to keep classic radio alive as television matured, and to challenge CBS's Sunday night radio lineup, much of which had jumped from NBC

ck Benny, NBC launchedThe Big Showin November 1950. This 90-minute variety show updated radio's earliest musical variety style with

phisticated comedy and dramatic presentations. Featuring stage legend Tallulah Bankhead as hostess, it lured prestigious entertainers, including

len, Groucho Marx, Lauritz Melchior, Ethel Barrymore, Louis Armstrong, Ethel Merman, Bob Hope, Danny Thomas, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., a

la Fitzgerald. ButThe Big Show 's initial success did not last despite critical praise, as most of its potential listeners were increasingly becoming

evision viewers. The show endured two years, with NBC losing perhaps a million dollars on the project (they were only able to sell advertising

ring the middle half-hour every week).

BC's last major radio programming push, beginning June 12, 1955, was Monitor, a creation of NBC President Sylvester "Pat" Weaver, who also

eated the innovative NBC television programsToday Show,The Tonight Show, andHome. Monitorwas a continuous all-weekend mixture of m

ws, interviews and features, with a variety of hosts including well-known television personalities Dave Garroway, Hugh Downs, Ed McMahon,

aragiola and Gene Rayburn. The potpourri show tried to keep vintage radio alive by featuring segments from Jim and Marian Jordan (in character

bber McGee and Molly); Peg Lynch's dialog comedyEthel and Albert(with Alan Bunce); and iconoclastic satirist Henry Morgan.Monitorwas a

ccess for a number of years, but after the mid-1960s, local stations, especially in larger markets, were reluctant to break from their established fo

run non-conforming network programming. One exception was Toscanini: The Man Behind the Legend, a weekly series commemorating the gr

nductor's NBC broadcasts and recordings which began in 1963 and ran for several years. [19] AfterMonitorwent off the air on January 26, 1975

mained of NBC network radio beyond hourly newscasts and news features, and The Eternal Lighton Sunday mornings.

ecline

eginning on June 18, 1975, NBC launched the NBC News and Information Service (NIS), which provided up to 55 minutes of news per hour aroe clock to local stations that wanted to adopt an all-news format. NBC aired the service on WRC in Washington and on its owned-and-operated F

ations in New York City, Chicago, and San Francisco. NIS attracted several dozen subscribing stations, but by the fall of 1976 NBC determined

uld not project that the service would ever become profitable and gave the subscribers six months' notice that it would be discontinued. NIS

erations ended on May 29, 1977. In 1979, NBC started The Source, a modestly successful secondary network providing news and short features

M rock stations.[7]

he NBC Radio Network also pioneered personal advice call-in national talk radio with a satellite-distributed talk show in the evening entitled Tal

aturing Bruce Williams (personal financial advice), Bernard Meltzer (personal/financial advice) and Sally Jessy Raphael (personal/romantic advi

hile never much of a ratings success, TalkNet nonetheless helped further the national talk radio format. For affiliates, many of them struggling A


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High frequency tube

the tube room. They

used for the NBC

television transmitte

1936. NBC kept 22

tubes in reserve for t

transmitter.

ations, TalkNet helped fill the evenings with free programming, allowing the stations to sell local advertising in a dynamic format without the co

sociated with producing local programming. Some in the industry feared this trend would lead to ever-more control of radio content by network

ndicators.

E acquired RCA in 1986, and with it NBC, signaling the beginning of the end of NBC Radio. There were three factors that led to its demise. Fir

cided that radio did not fit its strategy. Second, the radio division had not been profitable for many years. Finally, FCC rules at the time prevente

w owner from owning both a radio and television division. In the summer of 1987, GE sold NBC Radio's network operations to Westwood One,

ld off the NBC-owned stations to different buyers. By 1990, the NBC Radio Network as an independent programming service was pretty much g

coming a brand name for content produced by Westwood One, and ultimately by, ironically, CBS Radio. The Mutual Broadcasting System, whi

estwood One had acquired two years earlier, met the same fate, and essentially merged with NBC Radio.

should be noted that GE's divestiture of NBC's entire radio division was the first cannon shot of what would play out in the national broadcast meach of the Big Three broadcast networks were soon acquired by other corporate entities. The NBC case was particularly noteworthy in that it w

e first to be bought and was bought by a corporate behemoth outsidethe broadcast industry as GE is a manufacturer. Prior to the acquisition by

BC operated its radio division partly out of tradition, and partly to meet its then-FCC-mandated requirement to distribute programming for the pu

od (the broadcast airwaves are owned by the public, that broadcast spectrum is limited, there are only so many broadcast stations to go around w

as/is the basis for broadcast regulation requiring certain content for the public good). Syndicators such as Westwood One were not subject to suc

les as they owned no stations. Thus did GE's divestiture of NBC Radio "America's First Network" in many ways mark the "beginning of the

the old broadcasting era and the ushering in of the new, largely unregulated industry that is present today.

y the late 1990s, Westwood One was producing NBC Radio-branded newscasts, on weekday mornings only. In 1999, these were discontinued, a

w remaining NBC Radio Network affiliates began to receive CNN Radio-branded newscasts around the clock. But in 2003, Westwood One bega

stributing a new service called NBC News Radio, consisting of one-minute news updates read by television anchors and reporters from NBC New

d MSNBC. The content, however, is written by employees of Westwood One not NBC News.

estoration

n March 1, 2012, Dial Global announced that CNN Radio would be discontinued and replaced by an expansion of NBC News Radio on April 1,

12. This marked the first time since Westwood One bought NBC Radio and its properties that NBC would have round the clock presence on rad

evious NBC program, First Light, placed new emphasis on the NBC brand after diminishing it over the years.

BC News Radio offers two hourly full-length newscasts 24 hours a day. Previously, it had only offered 60 second updates during weekdays. On

ptember 4, 2012, Dial Global launched NBC Sports Radio, a sports-talk radio service.

elevision

or many years, NBC was closely identified with David Sarnoff, who used it as a vehicle to sell consumer electronics. RCA

d Sarnoff had captured the spotlight by introducing all-electronic television to the public at the 193940 New York

orld's Fair, simultaneously initiating a regular schedule of programs on the NBC-RCA television station in New Yorkty. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appeared at the fair, before the NBC cameras, becoming the first U.S. president to

pear on television on April 30, 1939. The David Sarnoff Library has available an actual, off-the-monitor photograph

ttp://www.davidsarnoff.org/gallery-tv-bw/FDR_TV-WF_39.html) of the FDR telecast. The broadcast was transmitted by

BC's New York television station W2XBS Channel 1 (now WNBC, channel 4) and was seen by about 1,000 viewers

thin the station's roughly 40-mile (64 km) coverage area from its Empire State Building transmitter location.

he next day, May 1, four models of RCA television sets went on sale to the general public in various New York City

partment stores, promoted in a series of splashy newspaper ads.[20] It is to be noted that DuMont (and others) actually

fered the first home sets in 1938 in anticipation of NBC's announced April 1939 start-up. Later in 1939, NBC took its

meras to professional football and baseball games in the New York City area, establishing many "firsts" in the history of

evision.

eportedly, the first NBC Television "network" program was broadcast on January 12, 1940 when a play entitled "Meet

he Wife" was originated at the W2XBS studios at Rockefeller Center and rebroadcast by W2XB/W2XAF (now WRGB)

Schenectady via an off-air relay. About this time, occasional special events were also seen in Philadelphia (over W3XE,

ter called WPTZ, now known as KYW) as well as Schenectady. The most ambitious NBC television "network" program

this pre-war era was the telecasting of the Republican National Convention in the summer of 1940 from Philadelphia, which was fed live to Ne

ork and Schenectady.[21] However, despite major promotion by RCA, television set sales in New York in the 19391940 period were disappoint

imarily due to the high cost of the sets, and the lack of compelling regular programming. Most sets were sold to bars, hotels and other public pla

here the general public viewed special sporting and news events.

elevision's experimental period ended, and the FCC allowed full commercial telecasting to begin on July 1,

41. NBC's New York station W2XBS received the first commercial license, adopting the call letters

NBT (later WNBC-TV, now simply WNBC). The first official, paid television advertisement on that day

oadcast by any station in the United States was for Bulova Watches, seen just before the start of a

rooklyn Dodgers baseball telecast on WNBT. A test pattern, featuring the newly assigned WNBT call


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30 Rockefeller Center, also known as GE Building, is the world headquarter

NBC.

Grace Brandt and Eddie Albert i

early NBC television program Th

Honeymooners-Grace and Eddi

Show.

tters, was modified to look like a clock, complete with functioning hands. The Bulova logo, with the

rase "Bulova Watch Time", was shown in the lower right-hand quadrant of the test pattern. A photograph

the NBC camera telecasting the test pattern-advertisement for that first official TV ad can be seen at this

ge (http://www.earlytelevision.org/images/rca_bulova_ad-1.jpg). Among the programming on the opening

eek of WNBT's new, commercial schedule was The Sunoco Newswith Lowell Thomas, a simulcast of his

BC Radio broadcast, sponsored by Sun Oil; amateur boxing at Jamaica Arena, the Eastern Clay Courts

nnis championships, programming from the USO, a spelling bee-type game show called "Words on the

ing", a few feature films, and a one-time-only, test broadcast of the game showTruth or Consequences,

onsored by Lever Brothers.[22]

though full commercial telecasting began on July 1, 1941 with the first paid advertisements on WNBT, itto be noted that there had been experimental, non-paid advertising on television as far back as 1930.

BC's earliest non-paid, television commercials may have been those seen during the first Major League

aseball game ever telecast, a game between Brooklyn and Cincinnati, on August 26, 1939 over W2XBS.

order to secure the rights to show the game on television, NBC allowed each of the Dodgers' regular

dio sponsors at the time to have one commercial during the telecast, and these were done by Dodger announcer Red Barber. For Ivory Soap, he h

a bar of the product, for Mobilgas he put on a filling station attendant's cap while giving his spiel, and for Wheaties he poured a bowl of the pro

ded milk and bananas, and took a big spoonful.[23]

mited, commercial programming continued until the U.S. entered World War II. Telecasts were curtailed in the early years of the war, then expa

NBC began to prepare for full service upon the war's end. Even before the war ended, a few programs were sent from New York to affiliated st

Philadelphia (WPTZ) and Albany/Schenectady (WRGB) on a regular weekly schedule beginning in 1944, the first of which is generally conside

the pioneering special interest/documentary show The Voice of Firestone Televues, a television offshoot ofThe Voice of Firestone, a mainstay o

BC radio since 1928, which was sent from New York to Philadelphia and Schenectady on a regular, weekly basis beginning April 10, 1944.[24]

ries is considered to be the NBC Television Network's first regularly scheduled program.

n V-E Day, May 8, 1945, WNBT broadcast hours of news coverage, and remotes from around New York City.

his event was pre-promoted by NBC with a direct-mail card sent to television set owners in the New York

ea.[25] At one point, a WNBT camera placed atop the marquee of the Hotel Astor panned the crowd below

lebrating the end of the war in Europe. The vivid coverage was a prelude to television's rapid growth after the

ar ended.

he NBC television network grew from its initial post-war lineup of four stations. The 1947 World Series

atured two New York teams (Yankees and Dodgers), and TV sales boomed locally, since the games were

ecast in New York. More stations along the East Coast and in the Midwest were connected by coaxial cable

rough the late 1940s, and in September 1951 the first transcontinental telecasts took place.

he post-war 1940s and early 1950s brought success for NBC in the new medium. Television's first big star,ilton Berle, whoseTexaco Star Theatrebegan in June 1948, drew the first large audiences to NBC Television.

nder its innovative president, Sylvester "Pat" Weaver, the network launched TodayandThe Tonight Show,

hich would bookend the broadcast day for over fifty years, and which still lead their competitors. Weaver, who

so launched the genre of periodic 90-minute network "spectaculars", network-produced motion pictures, and

e live 90-minute Sunday afternoon series Wide Wide World, left the network in 1955 in a dispute with its chairman David Sarnoff, who subseque

med his son Robert Sarnoff as president.

1951, NBC commissioned Italian-American composer Gian Carlo Menotti to compose the first opera ever written for television; Menotti came

thAmahl and the Night Visitors, a 45-minute work for which he wrote both music and libretto, about a disabled shepherd boy who meets the Th

ise Men and is miraculously cured when he offers his crutch to the newborn Christ Child. It was such a stunning success that it was repeated eve

ar on NBC from 1951 to 1966, when a quarrel between Menotti and NBC ended the broadcasts. However, by 1978, Menotti and NBC had patch

ings up, and an all-new production of the work, filmed partly on location in the Middle East , was telecast that year.

olor television

hile rivals CBS and DuMont also offered color broadcasting plans, RCA convinced the FCC to approve its color system in December 1953. NB

ady with color programming within days of the FCC's decision. NBC began with some shows in 1954, and that summer broadcast its first progra

r all episodes in color,The Marriage.

In 1955, on the television anthologyProducers' Showcase, NBC broadcast a live production in color ofPeter Pan, a new Broadway musica

adaptation of J. M. Barrie's beloved play, with the musical's entire original cast, the first such telecast of its kind. Mary Martin starred as Pet

Cyril Ritchard played the dual role of Mr. Darling and Captain Hook. The broadcast drew the highest ratings for a television program up to

It was so successful that NBC restaged it live a mere ten months later, and in 1960, long after Producers' Showcasehad ended its run, Peter


7/22



with most of the 1955 cast, was restaged again, this time as a television special on its own, and videotaped so that it would no longer have to

done live on television.

In 1956 during a National Association meeting in Chicago, NBC announced that its Chicago station WNBQ (now WMAQ-TV) was the first

television station in the nation (airing at least six hours of color broadcasts a day).

The television edition of the radio programThe Bell Telephone Hourpremiered in color on NBC in 1959, where it continued for nine more

In September 1961, the Walt Disney anthology television series moved from ABC to NBC, where the show continued its very long run, this

in color. As many of the Disney programs shown in black-and-white on ABC had actually been filmed in color, they could easily be repeated

the NBC edition of the program.

The 1962 Rose Bowl was the first color television broadcast of a college football game.

y 1963, much of NBC's prime time schedule was in color, although some popular programs likeThe Man from U.N.C.L.E., which premiered in l

64, had their entire first season in black-and-white. In the fall of 1965, NBC achieved 95% color programming in prime time (the exceptions we

ream of JeannieandConvoy), and began billing itself as "The Full Color Network." Without television sets to sell, rival networks followed more

owly, finally committing to 100% prime-time color programming in the 196667 season.Days of our Liveswas the first soap opera to premiere i

lor.

BC contracted with Universal Studios in 1964 to produce the first TV film, See How They Run, broadcast on October 17, 1964. With its second

ovie, The Hanged Man, following six weeks later. Even while the TV movies did well in the rating, NBC did not broadcast another TV film unti

ars later.[26]

1967, NBC acquired MGM's classic 1939 film The Wizard of Ozafter CBS, which had televised the film beginning in 1956, refused to meet M

creased price for more television showings.Ozhad been, up to then, one of the few programs that CBS had telecast in color, but by 1967, color e norm on television, and the film became another in the list of color specials telecast by NBC. The network showed the film annually for eight

ginning in 1968, after which CBS, realizing that they may have committed a colossal blunder by letting this then-huge ratings success go to anot

twork, now agreed to pay MGM more money so that the rights to show the film could revert to them.

wo distinctive features of the film's showings on NBC were:

1. The film was shown for the first time without a host to introduce it as had always been previously done;

2. The film was slightly cut to make room for more commercials. Despite the cuts, however, it continued to score excellent television ratings in

those pre-VCR days, as audiences were generally unable to see the film any other way at that time.

he late 1960s brought big changes in the programming practices of the major television networks. As baby boomers reached adulthood, NBC, CB

d ABC began to realize that much existing programming had not only been on for years, but had a superannuated audience. The large youth

pulation was highly attractive to advertisers and the networks moved to clean house of a number of long-in-the-tooth shows. In NBC's case, this

cluded programming like The Bell Telephone HourandSing Along With Mitchwhich were found to have an average viewer age of 50. During th

riod, the networks came to define 1849 as their main target age, although depending on the show, this could be subdivided into 3545 or 1825

35. Regardless of the exact target demographic, the general idea was appealing to any viewers who were not close to retirement age and that

evision programming was overall stuck in a 1950s mentality and had to be updated to resemble contemporary American society more.

70s doldrums

he 1970s started strongly for the network thanks to hits like Adam-12,Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In,Ironside,The Dean Martin Show, andThe F

ilson Show, but this did not last. In spite of the success of such new shows as the NBC Mystery Movie,Sanford and Son,Chico and the Man,Lit

ouse on the Prairie,The Rockford Files,Police WomanandEmergency!, as well as continued success from veterans like The Tonight Show Star

hnny CarsonandThe Wonderful World of Disney, the network entered a slump in the middle of the decade. Disney, in particular, saw its rating

sedive once CBS put60 Minutesup against it in the 19751976 season. In 1974, under new president Herb Schlosser, the network tried to go af

unger viewers with a series of costly movies, miniseries and specials. This failed to attract the desirable 1834 demographic, and alienated olderewers.[27] None of the new prime-time shows that NBC introduced in the fall of 1975 earned a second season, all failing in the face of establishe

mpetition. The network's lone breakout success that season was the groundbreaking late-night comedy/variety show,NBC's Saturday Night wh

ould soon becomeSaturday Night Live, in a time slot previously held by reruns ofThe Tonight Show.

1978, Schlosser was promoted to executive vice presidency at RCA,[28] and a desperate NBC lured Fred Silverman away from number-one AB

rn the network's fortunes around. With the notable exceptions ofDiff'rent Strokes,Real People,The Facts of Life, and the mini-seriesShogun, h

uld not find a hit. Failures accumulated rapidly under his watch (such as Hello, Larry, Supertrain,Pink Lady and JeffandThe Waverly Wondersonically many of them were beaten in the ratings by shows that Silverman had greenlit at CBS and ABC.

so during this time, NBC suffered the defections of several longtime affiliates in markets such as: Atlanta (WSB-TV), Baltimore (WBAL-TV), B

ouge (WBRZ-TV), Charlotte (WSOC-TV), Dayton (WDTN), Indianapolis (WRTV), Jacksonville (WTLV), Minneapolis-St. Paul (KSTP-TV), S

ego (KGTV) and Schenectady (WRGB). Most were wooed away by ABC, which had lifted out of last place to become the number-one network


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rsion ofHollywood Squares.Marblehead Manor,We Got It Made, andYou Can't Take It With Youwere cancelled at the end of the 1987-88 se

thShe's the Sherifflasting one more season in weekend syndication before cancellation. Out of This Worldaired for three additional seasons, air

rgely on weekends, and was the most successful of the five series.

BC aired the first of seven consecutive Summer Olympic Games broadcasts when it covered the 1988 Games in Seoul, South Korea. In 2002, th

twork would add the Winter Olympics, giving NBC the rights to every Olympics through the 2012 London Games.

Must See TV"

1991, Tartikoff left NBC to take a position at Paramount Pictures. In one decade, he had taken control of a network with no shows in the Nielse

and left it with five. Warren Littlefield took his place as president of NBC Entertainment. His start was shaky due to the end of most of the Tar

a hits. Some blamed him for losing David Letterman to CBS after givingThe Tonight Showto Jay Leno following Johnny Carson's May 1992tirement. Things turned around with hit series Mad About You,Frasier,Friends,ERandWill & Grace. One of Tartikoff's late acquisitions, Seinfitially struggled, but became one of NBC's top-rated shows after it was moved into the timeslot followingCheers. The "Must See TV" tagline w

plied to Thursday night's strong lineup. AfterSeinfeldended its run in 1998, Friendsbecame the most popular sitcom on NBC. It dominated the

tings, never leaving the top five watched shows of the year from its second through tenth seasons and landing on the number-one spot during sea

ght in the 20012002 season. Frasierwas also popular and, despite not being as highly rated asFriends, still usually landed in the top 20 and wo

merous Emmy Awards.

y the mid-1990s, NBC's sports division, headed by Dick Ebersol, had rights to three of the four major professional sports organizations (NFL, M

eague Baseball and NBA), the Olympics, and the national powerhouse Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team. TheNBA on NBCenjoyed great

ccess in the '90s due in large part to the Chicago Bulls' run of six championships with superstar Michael Jordan. NBC Sports would suffer a maj

ow in 1998, however, when it lost the NFL to CBS, which itself had lost rights to Fox four years earlier.

1998, Littlefield left NBC.

[36]

Scott Sassa replaced him as president of NBC Entertainment. Sassa oversaw the development of such shows asTest Wing,Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, andFear Factor. Sassa then named Garth Ancier as his replacement in 1999. Ancier was respons

r puttingThe West Wingon the air. Jeff Zucker replaced Ancier as president of NBC Entertainment in 2000. [37]

BC's "Must See TV" declined afterFriends[38] andFrasierended their runs in 2004. Friendsspin-offJoey(despite a relatively good start) starte

il during its second season.

ew century, new problems

t the start of the 2000s, NBC's fortunes took a rapid turn for the worse. The network had already lost many viewers in the late 1990s who boycot

BC programming after the cancellation of the long-running soap opera Another Worldin 1999. In 2001, CBS chose its hit reality series Survivorchor its Thursday night lineup. Its success was taken as a suggestion that NBC's nearly two decades of Thursday night dominance could be brok

ith the loss ofFriendsandFrasierin 2004, NBC was left with several moderately rated shows and few true hits. By then, its major sports offerin

d been reduced to the Olympics, PGA Tour golf and a floundering Notre Dame football program (NBC had by this time, lost Major League Bas

ter the 2000 season and the NBA after the 200102 season). NBC's ratings fell to fourth place. CBS led for most of the decade, followed by a

surgent ABC, and Fox (which would eventually become the most watched network for the 200708 season). During this time, all of the network

ced shrinking audiences due to increased competition from cable television, home video, video games and the Internet, with NBC being the hard

t.

October 2001, NBC made a deal with Liberty Media and Sony Pictures Entertainment to acquire Spanish-language television network Telemun

r $2.7 billion, beating out other bidders such as CBS/Viacom. The deal was completed in 2002.[39][40]

ith the beginning of the 20042005 season, NBC became the first major network to air some of its dramas in widescreen over its analog broadca

ed, hoping to attract new viewers; however, the network saw only a slight boost.

2004, Zucker was promoted to the newly created position of president of NBC Universal Television Group. Kevin Reilly became the new presi

NBC Entertainment.[41]

December 2005, NBC began its first week-long primetime game show event, Deal or No Deal, garnering high ratings, and returning multi-week

arch 2006. On sustained success,Deal or No Dealreturned in the fall of 2006. Otherwise, the 200506 season was one of the worst for NBC in

cades, with only one fall series, the sitcom My Name Is Earl, surviving for a second season. The 200607 season was a mixed bag, with Heroescoming a surprise hit on Monday nights, while the highly toutedStudio 60 on the Sunset Strip, from the creator of NBC's hit drama The West Wst a third of its premiere-night viewers by week six and was eventually cancelled. Sunday Night NFL football returned to NBC after eight years,

No Dealstayed strong, and its comediesThe Officeand30 Rockwon the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series for four consecutive ye

owever, NBC has remained in a very distant fourth place, barely ahead of The CW.


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NBC News Washington Bureau

2012, buoyed by Super Bowl XLVI, the then-most-watched U.S. television broadcast in history, and the success of its Monday night mid-seaso

neup ofThe Voiceand musical-dramaSmash, the network managed to lift itself into third place in the 18-49 demographic, breaking the network

ght-season ratings streak at fourth place. NBC had more development success during the 201112 season, with several shows surviving for a sec

ason, although none were unqualified ratings successes. The network's Saturday morning children's block was given over to new partial sister

twork PBS Kids Sprout for their programming in July 2012 under the branding NBC Kids, giving the network a schedule transmitting in full HD

the fall of 2012, NBC greatly expanded its roster of comedies, increasing the number to eight, airing on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Fo

ll, NBC was the first place network in the 18-49 demographic, boosted from the fall return ofThe Voice, the initial success of freshman drama

evolutionand comedyGo On, and the continued success ofSunday Night Football. However, withholding the new season ofThe Voiceand ben

evolutionuntil late March, the network's mid-season ratings suffered; in February sweeps, the network fell to fifth behind the Spanish-language

twork Univision.[60]

The 2012-13 season would end with another overall third place finish for the network,[61][62]

albeit narrowly, with only threw shows, all dramas, surviving for a second season (Revolution,Chicago FireandHannibal).

so in 2013, the entirety of NBC Sports' operations except for Football Night in America(which remained at Studio 8G in Rockefeller Center, bu

rrently originates from Studio 8H, which remains home toSaturday Night Live), including the NBCSN, moved to new facilities in Stamford,

onnecticut.[63]

he 2013-14 season has been mostly successful for NBC. The network has seen the continued success ofThe Voice,Chicago Fire, Revolution,Su

ght FootballandGrimm. Along with new hits including The BlacklistandChicago PDand significantly boosted by the 2014 Winter Olympics,

the end of the season became the number one network in the coveted 18-49 demo for the first time since the 2003-2004 season when 'Friends' e

BC also improved considerably with total viewers where it placed second, after perennial first place winner for 11 years, CBS.. [64]

NBC News

ews presentation has long been an important part of NBC's operations and public image, dating to the

twork's radio days. Notable NBC News productions include:

Dateline NBC

Early Today

Meet the Press

NBC Nightly News

Rock Center with Brian Williams

Today

he expansion of the news division to cable has seen the launch of the channels CNBC for business news,

SNBC for general news with a liberal stance,[65][66] NBCSN for sports news and events, and the acquisition of a share in The Weather Channel.

chors from NBC News are also used during NBC Sports coverage of the Olympic Games.

rogramming

s of 2013, NBC provides a schedule of 87 regular weekly hours of network programming. The network provides 22 hours of prime time program

affiliated stations from 8:00-11:00 p.m. (ET/PT)/7:00-10:00 p.m. (CT, MT, AT)/6:00-9:00 p.m. (HT) Monday through Saturday and 7:00-11:00

T/PT)/6:00-10:00 p.m. (CT, MT, AT, HT) on Sundays.

aytime programming is also provided between 12:00 and 3:00 p.m. weekdays in the form of the one-hour weekday soap operaDays of our Livesheduling of the program varies depending on the station). NBC News programming includes the morning news/interview programTodayfrom 7

m. weekdays and Saturdays, and 78 a.m. Sundays; nightly editions ofNBC Nightly News(whose weekend editions are occasionally subject to

breviation or preemption due to sports telecasts overrunning into the program's timeslot), the Sunday political talk show Meet the Press, weekdarly-morning news programEarly Todayand newsmagazineDateline NBC. Late nights feature the weeknight talk shows The Tonight Show Star

mmy Fallon,Late Night with Seth MeyersandLast Call with Carson Daly, weeknight replays of the fourth hour ofTodayand CNBC program M

oney, and the sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live, and the LXTV-produced 1st LookandOpen House NYCon Saturdays (replays of the

evious week's1st Lookalso air on Friday late nights on most stations).

he network's Saturday morning children's programming timeslot, consisting of three hours, is filled by cable channel Sprout, which produces the

tion/animation block for preschoolersNBC Kids, under a time-lease agreement.

ports programming is also provided weekend afternoons at any time from between 12:00 and 6:00 p.m. (9:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m., or tape-delayed PT)

the unpredictable length of sporting events, NBC will occasionally pre-empt scheduled programs (more common with the weekend editions ofN

ghtly News, and local and syndicated programs carried by its owned-and-operated stations and affiliates).


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pecials

BC holds the broadcast rights to several annual specials and award show telecasts including the Golden Globe Awards, the Emmy Awards (whic

tated across all four major networks from year to year), and two of the three pageants organized by the Miss Universe Organization: the Miss

niverse and Miss USA pageants (NBC also held rights to the Miss Teen USA pageant from 2003, when NBC also assumed rights to the Miss US

d Miss Universe pageants as part of a deal brokered by owner Donald Trump that gave the network half-ownership of the pageants, [67] until 200

hen NBC declined to renew its contract to carry the Miss Teen USA pageant which effectively discontinued televised broadcasts of that event).

aytime programs

BC is currently the home of only one daytime soap opera, Days of our Lives, which has been broadcast on the network since 1965.

ong-running daytime dramas seen on NBC in the past include The Doctors(19631982),Another World(19641999),Santa Barbara(1984199

dPassions(19992008). NBC also aired the final four and a half years ofSearch for Tomorrow(19821986) after that series was dropped by C

though many NBC affiliates did not air the show during that time. NBC has also aired numerous short-lived soaps, including Generations(1989

91),Sunset Beach(19971999), and the two Another Worldspin-offs,Somerset(19701976) andTexas(19801982).

otable daytime game shows that once aired on NBC include The Price Is Right(19561963),Concentration(19581973 and 19871991 as Clas

oncentration),The Match Game(19621969),Let's Make a Deal(19631968, 19901991, and a short-lived 2002 primetime revival), Jeopardy!9641975 and 19781979),The Hollywood Squares(19661980),Wheel of Fortune(19751989 and 1991), Password Plus/Super Password(19

82 and 19841989),Sale of the Century(19691973 and 19831989) andScrabble(19841990 and 1993). The final game show to air on NBC

ytime schedule was the short-lived Caesars Challenge, which ended in January 1994.

hildren's programming

hildren's programming has played a part in NBC's programming since its initial roots in television. In 1947, NBC's first major children's series w

owdy Doody, one of the era's first breakthrough television shows. The series, which ran for 13 years, featured a freckle-faced marionette and a m

other characters and was hosted by "Buffalo" Bob Smith. Howdy Doodyspent most of its run on weekday afternoons. In 1956, NBC abandoned

ildren's programming on weekday afternoons, relegating the lineup to Saturdays only withHowdy Doodyas its marquee franchise for the series

maining four years.

om the mid-1960s until 1992, the bulk of NBC's children's programming were derived from mainly animated programing including classicLoon

unesandWoody Woodpeckershorts, reruns of primetime animated sitcoms such asThe FlintstonesandThe Jetsons, foreign acquisitions likeAst

oyandKimba the White Lion, animated adaptions of Gary Coleman, Mr T,Punky Brewster,ALFandStar Trek, live-action programs likeThe Ba

lits,The BugaloosandH.R. Pufnstuf, and the original broadcasts ofGumby,The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show,Underdog,The Smurfs,Alvin and

hipmunksandDisney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears. From 1984 to 1989, One to Grow On PSAs were shown after the end credits of every sh

ery other children's show.[68]

1989, NBC premieredSaved by the Bell, which originated on The Disney Channel as Good Morning, Miss Bliss.Saved by the Bell, despite bad

views from TV critics, would become one of the most popular teen series in television history as well as the number one series on Saturday mor

throningThe Bugs Bunny and Tweety Showin its first season.

BC abandoned the animated series in August 1992 in favor of a Saturday edition ofTodayand more live-action series under the brand TNBC ("

BC"). Most of the series on the TNBC lineup were series produced by Peter Engel such asCity Guys,Hang Time,California Dreams,One Wor

eSaved by the Bellspinoff,Saved by the Bell: The New Class, and was designed from the start to meet the earliest form of the FCC's educationa

formational programming guidelines.[69] NBA Inside Stuffwas also a part of the TNBC lineup during the duration of the NBA season.

2002, NBC entered into a deal with Discovery Communications' Discovery Kids to air that network's educational children's programming under

nner Discovery Kids on NBC.[69] The schedule originally consisted of only live-action series, including a kid-themed version ofTrading Spacesoth's Emmy-nominated reality game showEndurance, and scripted series such asStrange Days at Blake Holsey HighandScout's Safari, but late

panded to include some animated series such asKenny the Shark,TutensteinandTime Warp Trio.

May 2006, NBC announced plans to launch a new children's block on Saturday mornings to launch in September 2006, replacing the Discovery

NBC block, as part of the quboendeavor teaming parent company NBC Universal with Ion Media Networks, Scholastic Press, Classic Media a

orus Entertainment's Nelvana.[70] Qubo included blocks on NBC, Telemundo, and Ion Media Networks's Ion Television, as well as a 24-hour dig

oadcast network on Ion's stations, video on demand services and a branded website. Qubo launched on NBC on September 9, 2006 with six prog

eggieTales,Dragon,VeggieTales Presents: 3-2-1 Penguins!,Babar,Jane and the Dragon, andJacob Two-Two.

n March 28, 2012, it was announced that NBC, with assistance from PBS Kids Sprout (once jointly owned by NBCUniversal, PBS, Sesame Wor

d Apax Partners; yet currently owned 100% only by the former), would launch a new Saturday morning preschool block, called NBC Kids, whi

placed the "Qubo on NBC" block on July 7, 2012. [71][72][73][74]


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NBCi header used from 1999-2007.

NBCi

NBCiredirects here.

April 2000, NBC purchased a company that

ecialized with search engines that learned from the

ers' searches for $32 million, called GlobalBrain.

1999, NBC briefly changed its web address to

www.nbci.com", in a heavily advertised attempt to

unch an Internet portal and homepage. This move saw NBC teaming up with XOOM.com, e-mail.com, AllBusiness.com,[75] and Snap.comventually acquiring all four of them), launching a multi-faceted internet portal with e-mail, webhosting, community, chat, personalization and ne

pabilities. This experiment lasted roughly one season, failed, and NBCi was folded back into NBC. [76] The NBC Television portion of the webs

verted to NBC.com. However, the NBCi website continued as a portal for NBC-branded content (NBCi.com redirected to NBCi.msnbc.com), us

-branded version of InfoSpace to deliver minimal portal content. In mid-2007, NBCi.com began to mirror NBC.com.[77] Starting in 2010, NBCi

gan to redirect to NBC.com.

volution of the NBC logo

BC has used a number of logos throughout its history; early logos were similar to the logo of its then parent company, RCA, but later logos inclu

ylized peacock images, including the one currently used since 1986.

nternational broadcasts

anada

BC broadcasts from the United States can be received throughout most of Canada (via stations such as KING-TV in Seattle, WGRZ in Buffalo,

ork and WDIV-TV in Detroit), primarily through cable and satellite television providers, but also over-the-air in areas close to the CanadaUnite

ates border (coverage was somewhat reduced after the 2009 digital switchover due to less power required to transmit digital signals). Aside from

multaneous substitution (a practice that requires pay television providers to switch the signal of an American station to a Canadian station when

twork is syndicating a program on the American station to protect advertising revenues), the programming and broadcasting are the same as in t

nited States.

urope, Latin America, the Caribbean and the Middle East

he Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallonis shown on CNBC Europe but the NBC Nightly Newsis no longer aired.[78] NBC is no longer shown oue Americas on a channel in its own right. However, NBC News and MSNBC programs are shown for a few hours a day on Orbit News in Europ

frica and the Middle East. MSNBC programming is also shown occasionally on sister network CNBC Europe during breaking news. Border citi

e MexicoUnited States border region can easily receive NBC stations on-the-air, and through cable and satellite providers across Mexico, espec

the Mexico City area.

BC Super Channel becomes NBC Europe

1993, the Pan-European cable network Super Channel was taken over by former NBC parent General Electric, and became NBC Super Channe

1996, the channel was renamed NBC Europe, but was, from then on, almost always referred to as simply "NBC" on the air.

ost of NBC Europe's prime time programming was produced in Europe due to rights restrictions associated with U.S. primetime shows, but after

m. Central European Time on weekday evenings, the channel aired The Tonight Show,Late Night with Conan O'BrienandLater, leading to its s

Where the Stars Come Out at Night." Many NBC News programs were broadcast on NBC Europe, including Dateline NBC,Meet the Pressandghtly News, which was aired live. Todaywas also initially shown live in the afternoons, but was later broadcast the following morning instead, b

hich time it was more than half a day old.

1999, NBC Europe stopped broadcasting to most of Europe. At the same time, the network was relaunched as a German language computer cha

rgeting a young demographic. The main show on the new NBC Europe was called NBC GIGA. In 2005, the channel was relaunched once again,

me as a free-to-air movie channel under the name "Das Vierte". GIGA Television started its own digital channel then, which could be received v

tellite and many cable networks in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The Tonight ShowandNBC Nightly Newscontinue to be broadcast on CN

urope.


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anal de Noticias

1993, NBC launched Canal de Noticias NBC.[80] The service was beamed to Latin America from the Charlotte, North Carolina headquarters of

BC's affiliate news service NBC Newschannel. Over 50 journalists were brought to produce, write, anchor and technically produce a 24-hour ne

rvice based on the popular "wheel" format conceived at CNN. The service folded in 1997 as sales departments were not able to generate any rev

fter Mexican Noticias ECO, Canal de Noticias NBC holds the distinction of being the first 24-hour news service in Latin America. Telenoticias,

int owned by CBS, came later followed by CNN en Espaol.

aribbean

the Caribbean, many cable and satellite television providers carry local NBC affiliates from the United States, or the main network feed from N

wned-and-operated stations WNBC in New York City or WTVJ in Miami. A few locally owned NBC affiliates do exist, in the U.S. Virgin Island

is areas are the main receivers of NBC programs available in English and Spanish via the SAP option.

hamas

BC programming is shown on cable via over-the-air affiliates from the United States.

rmuda

BC's full program lineup is carried by local affiliate VSB-TV, received from the network's East Coast satellite feed and carried as-is live an hour

e to the island nation residing in the Atlantic Time Zone.

therlands Antilles

Aruba, NBC network programming is carried on affiliate PJA-TV (channel 15, branded as "ATV").

sia Pacific

uam

UAM-TV serves as the NBC affiliate for Guam and carries the full NBC program lineup via satellite. Entertainment and non-breaking news

ogramming is shown day and date on a one-day tape delay due to Guam being on the west side of the International Date Line (for example, the

hursday night lineup airs Friday evenings on KUAM and is promoted as such), with live programming and breaking news airing as scheduled,

eaning live sports coverage often airs early in the morning.

merican Samoa

KHJ-LP is the NBC affiliate for Pago Pago;[81] it affiliated with the network in 2005. Local cable television providers also carry the network's S

filiate KING-TV.

ederated States of Micronesia

BC is carried on cable in the Federated States of Micronesia via Honolulu affiliate KHNL.

BC Asia and CNBC Asia

1994, NBC launched a channel in Asia called NBC Asia available in Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, Republic of China, Thailand and Republic

hilippines. Like with NBC Europe, NBC Asia featured most of NBC's news programs as well as The Tonight ShowandLate Night. Like its Euro

unterpart, it could not broadcast American-produced primetime shows due to rights restrictions. It also operated NBC Super Sports to broadcast

orting events. On weekday evenings, NBC Asia produced a regional evening news program. It occasionally simulcast some programs from CNB

sia and MSNBC.

July 1998, NBC Asia was replaced by the National Geographic Channel. As is the case with NBC Europe, however, select Tonight ShowandL

ghtepisodes andMeet the Presscan still be seen on CNBC Asia on weekends. CNBC Asia shows NFL games and also brands them as Sunday

ootball.

egional partners

hrough regional partners, NBC-produced programs are seen in some countries in the region. In the Philippines, Solar Entertainment's Jack TV ai

ill & GraceandSaturday Night Live, while TalkTV airs The Tonight Showand NBC News programs like Today,Early Today,Weekend Today,

atelineandNBC Nightly News. Solar TV used to air The Jay Leno Show. In Hong Kong, TVB Pearl, the English free-to-air channel operated by

elevision Broadcasts Limited, airsNBC Nightly Newslive, as well as selected NBC programming.


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ustralia

he Seven Network in Australia has close ties with NBC and has used a majority of the network's imaging and slogans since the 1970s. Seven New

atured "The Mission" as its news theme since the mid-1980s. Local newscasts were named Seven Nightly Newsfrom the mid-1980s until around

00. NBC and Seven will often share news resources between the two countries. NBC News has been known to use Seven News reporters for liv

osses on a developing news story in Australia. Seven News will sometimes also incorporate an NBC News report into its national bulletins.

ven rebroadcasts some of NBC's news and current affairs programming between 3am-5am, including:

Today(known asNBC Todayand unrelated to Nine Network's Australian Todayprogram)

Weekend TodayDateline NBC

Meet the Press with David Gregory

2009, NBC and Seven Network used Guy Sebastian's #1 Aria selling songLike it Like Thatfor their summer network promos.

ibrary

hrough the years, NBC has produced many shows in-house, in addition to airing content from other producers such as Revue Studios and its succ

niversal Television.

otable in-house productions of NBC included Get Smart,Bonanza,Little House on the Prairie,Las VegasandCrossing Jordan. NBC sold the

stribution rights to its pre-1973 shows to National Telefilm Associates in 1973. Today, those rights are owned by CBS Television Distribution, t

BC still owns the copyrights to the episodes.

BC continues to own its post-1973 productions, through sister company NBCUniversal Television Group, the successor to Universal Television.

sult, NBC in a way now owns several other series aired on the network prior to 1973, such asWagon Train.

Controversy

n December 6, 2012, George Zimmerman filed a defamation lawsuit against NBC alleging that they intentionally edited the phone call so that

mmerman would sound racist. The lawsuit said, "NBC saw the death of Trayvon Martin not as a tragedy but as an opportunity to increase rating

set about to create the myth that George Zimmerman was a racist and predatory villain." [82][83] The editing led a media watchdog organization

cuse NBC News of engaging in "an all-out falsehood." [84] While NBC News initially declined to comment,[85] the news agency did issue an apo

viewers.[86]

residents of NBC Entertainment

Sylvester Weaver (1953-1955) - NBC hired him in 1949 to challenge the CBS network's programming lead. At NBC, Weaver established m

operating practices that became standard for network television. He introduced the practice of networks producing their own television

programming, then selling advertising time during the broadcasts. Prior to that, ad agencies usually created each show for a particular client

Because commercial announcements could now more easily be sold to more than one company sponsor for each program, a single advertise

pulling out would not necessarily threaten a program. Weaver created Todayin 1952, followed byTonight Starring Steve Allen(1954),Hom

(1954) with Arlene Francis and Wide Wide World(1955), hosted by Dave Garroway. He believed so deeply that broadcasting should educat

well as entertain that he typically required NBC shows to include at least one sophisticated cultural reference or performance per installmen

including a segment of a Verdi opera adapted to the comic style of Sid Caesar and Imogene Coca's groundbreaking Your Show of Shows. Wdid not ignore NBC Radio, either. In 1955, as network radio was dying, Weaver gave it one of the greatest adrenaline kicks in its history wi

NBC Monitor, a weekend-long magazine-style programming block that featured an array of news, music, comedy, drama, sports, and anythi

that could be broadcast within magazine style, with rotating advertisers and some of the most memorable names in broadcast journalism,

entertainment and sports.NBC Monitorlong outlived Weaver's tenure running the network. Following disputes with chieftain David Sarnof

Weaver departed. His ideas were either too expensive or too highbrow for company tastes. His successors (first, Sarnoff's son, Robert; then,

Robert Kintner) standardized the network's programming practices with far less of the ambitiousness that characterized the Weaver years.

Robert E. Kintner (1958-1965) - His NBC tenure was marked by his aggressive effort to push NBC News past CBS News in rankings and

prestige. The news department was given more money, leading to notable coverage of the 1960 Presidential election campaign, and the

prominence ofThe Huntley-Brinkley Report.


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Julian Goodman (1966-1977) - Goodman helped establish Chet Huntley and David Brinkley as a well-known news team and led the network

1966 to 1974. While working for NBC, he negotiated a $1 million deal to retain Johnny Carson as host ofThe Tonight Show.

Herb Schlosser (1974-1978)

Fred Silverman (1978-1981) - Although Silverman's tenure at ABC was very successful, he left to become President and CEO of NBC in 19

His three-year tenure at the network proved to be a difficult period, marked by several high-profile failures such as the sitcom Hello, Larry,

variety showPink Lady, the dramaSupertrain, and the Jean Doumanian era ofSaturday Night Live(Silverman hired Doumanian after Al

Franken, the planned successor for outgoing Lorne Michaels, castigated Silverman's failures on-air[87]). Despite these failures, there were hi

points in Silverman's tenure at NBC, including the launch of the critically lauded Hill Street Blues(1981), the epic mini-seriesShogunandT

David Letterman Show(daytime, 1980), which would lead to Letterman's successful late night program in 1982. Silverman had Letterman i

holding deal after the morning show which kept the unemployed Letterman from going to another network. However, Silverman nearly lost

then-current late night host, market leader Johnny Carson, after Carson sued NBC in a contract dispute; the case was settled out of court and

Carson remained with NBC in exchange for the rights to his show and a reduction in time on air.[88] Silverman also developed successful

comedies such asDiff'rent Strokes,The Facts of Life, andGimme a Break!, and made the series commitments that led to CheersandSt.

Elsewhere. Silverman also pioneered entertainment reality programming with the 1979 launch ofReal People. His contributions to the netw

game show output included Goodson-Todman'sCard Sharksand a revival ofPassword, both of which enjoyed great success in the morning

schedule, although he also canceled several other relatively popular series, includingThe Hollywood SquaresandHigh Rollers, to make wa

The David Letterman Show(those cancellations also threatenedWheel of Fortune, whose host, Chuck Woolery, departed the show in a paym

dispute during Silverman's tenure, although the show survived). Silverman also oversaw the hiring of Pat Sajak as the new host ofWheel of

Fortune, a position Sajak holds to this day, although Silverman himself objected to Sajak's hiring.[89] On Saturday mornings, in a time when

of the cartoon output of the three networks were similar, Silverman oversaw the development of an animated series based on The Smurfs; th

animated seriesThe Smurfsran from 1981 to 1989, well after Silverman's departure, making it one of his longest-lasting contributions to the

network. He also oversaw a revival ofThe Flintstones. In other areas of NBC, Silverman revitalized the news division, which resulted inTo

andNBC Nightly Newsachieving parity with their competition for the first time in years. He created a new FM Radio Division, with compe

full-service stations in New York, Chicago, San Francisco and Washington. During his NBC tenure, Silverman also brought in an entirely n

divisional and corporate management, a team that stayed in place long after Silverman's departure. (Among this group was a new Entertainm

President, Brandon Tartikoff, who would help get NBC back on top by 1985.) Silverman also reintroduced the peacock as NBC's corporate

Brandon Tartikoff (1981-1991) - Tartikoff was hired as a program executive at ABC in 1976. One year later, he moved to NBC (after being

by Dick Ebersol to direct comedy programming). Tartikoff took over programming duties at NBC from Fred Silverman in 1981.[90] At age 3

Tartikoff became the youngest president of NBC's entertainment division. When Tartikoff took over, NBC was in last place behind ABC an

CBS, and the very future of the network was in doubt. A writers' strike was looming, affiliates were defecting, mostly to ABC, and the netw

had only three prime time shows in the Top 20: Little House on the Prairie,Diff'rent StrokesandReal People. Johnny Carson was reportedl

talks to move his landmark late-night talk show to ABC. The entire cast and writers ofSaturday Night Livehad left that late-night sketch-co

series, and their replacements had received some of the show's worst critical notices. By 1982, Tartikoff and his new superior, the highly reg

former producer Grant Tinker, slowly, but surely turned the network's fortunes around.[91] As head of NBC's Entertainment Division, Tartik

successes includedThe Cosby Show, for which Tartikoff had pursued actor-comedian Bill Cosby to create a pilot after having been impress

Cosby's stories when Cosby guest-hostedThe Tonight Show. Tartikoff wrote a brainstorming memo that simply read "MTV cops," [92][93][94

and later presented the memo to series creator Anthony Yerkovich, formerly a writer and producer forHill Street Blues. The result wasMia

Vice, which became an icon of 1980s pop culture.[93] Knight Riderwas inspired by a perceived lack of leading men who could act, with Tar

suggesting that a talking car could fill in the gaps in any leading man's acting abilities.[91] During the casting process ofFamily Ties, Tartiko

was unexcited about Michael J. Fox for the role of Alex P. Keaton.[91] However, the show's producer, Gary David Goldberg, insisted until

Tartikoff relented, saying, "Go ahead if you insist. But I'm telling you, this is not the kind of face you'll ever see on a lunch box." Some year

later, after the movieBack to the Futurecemented Fox's stardom, Fox good-naturedly sent Tartikoff a lunch box with Fox's picture on it and

note inside reading: "To Brandon: This is for you to put your crow in. Love and Kisses, Michael J. Fox." Tartikoff kept the lunch box in his

for the rest of his career. Johnny Carson broke the news of his retirement in February 1991 to Tartikoff at the Grille in Beverly Hills. For se

days only Tartikoff and NBC Chairman Bob Wright knew of the planned retirement.[91] Tartikoff wrote in his memoirs that his biggest


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professional regret was cancelling the series Buffalo Bill, which he later went on to include in a fantasy "dream schedule" created for a TV G

article that detailed his idea of "The Greatest Network Ever."

Warren Littlefield (1991-1998) - A protg of Brandon Tartikoff, Littlefield developed Cheers,The Cosby Show, andThe Golden Girlsas s

and executive vice president of NBC Entertainment under Tartikoff. During his time as president of NBC, Littlefield oversaw the creation o

many shows for the network throughout the 1990s such as Seinfeld,The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air,Wings,Blossom,Law & Order,Mad Abou

Sisters,Frasier,Friends,ER,Homicide: Life on the Street,Caroline in the City ,NewsRadio,3rd Rock from the Sun,Suddenly Susan,Just S

Me!,Will & GraceandThe West Wing.

Scott Sassa (1998-1999) - Sassa joined NBC in September 1997 as president of the NBC Television Stations division. In this position, he wa

responsible for overseeing the operation of NBCs 13 owned-and-operated television stations.[96] From May 1999, Sassa served as Presiden

NBC West Coast responsible for overseeing all of NBCs entertainment-related businesses and reported to Bob Wright, Chairman and Chie

Executive Officer, NBC.[97] Sassa made the transition to that position after working with his predecessor, Don Ohlmeyer, and serving as

president of NBC Entertainment since October 1998. During this time, he oversaw the development and production of NBCs new primetim

series including such shows asThe West Wing,Law & Order: Special Victims UnitandFear Factor. Under Sassa, NBC was the number on

network 3 out of 4 seasons.

Garth Ancier (1999-2000) - Beginning in 1999, Ancier served as President of NBC Entertainment, where he put The West Wingon the air.

Jeff Zucker (2000-2004) - In 2000, he was named NBC Entertainment's president.[98] A 2004 Businessweek Profile stated that "During that

he oversaw NBC's entire entertainment schedule. He kept the network ahead of the pack by airing the gross out show Fear Factor, negotiati

the cast of the hit seriesFriendsto take the series up to a tenth season, and signing Donald Trump for the reality show The Apprentice. The

Zucker era produced a spike in operating earnings for NBC, from $532 million the year he took over to $870 million in 2003." Zucker put h

mark on the network withLas Vegas,Law & Order: Criminal Intent, andScrubs. He originated the idea of airing "Supersized" (longer than

standard 30 minute slot) episodes of NBC's comedies and aggressively programming in the summer months as cable networks began to draw

viewers with original programming from the network's rerun-filled summer slate. Also on Zucker's watch, Bravo changed its programming

direction towards reality television, seeing much growth with that strategy, while the newly acquired Spanish network Telemundo was posit

to be more competitive with leading network Univision." Following the merger with French media empire Vivendi Universal, he was promo

president of its Television Group in May 2004. Zucker's responsibilities, which already included NBC's cable channels, were expanded to in

TV production as well as the USA Network, Sci-Fi, and Trio cable channels. During Zucker's tenure, NBC slid from first place to fourth pla

the ratings. Shows that Zucker championed such asFather of the Prideand the FriendsspinoffJoeywere considered failures.[99]

Kevin Reilly (2004-2007) - Reilly served as President, Entertainment from May 2004 to May 2007. Having begun his career at NBC

Entertainment almost two decades earlier, he returned there in fall 2003 as President of Primetime Development. Early in his career at NBC

Reilly supervisedLaw & Orderin its first season and developedER. After his first stint at NBC, Reilly was President of Brad Grey Televis

the television production arm of Brillstein-Grey Entertainment. He joined Brillstein-Grey in 1994. He was responsible for shepherding som

televisions top shows, such as the pilot for The Sopranos, and the NBC comedies Just Shoot Me!andNewsRadio. Reilly's vocal support of

Officehelped it survive its low-rated first season.[100] He is credited with developing shows such asMy Name Is Earl,Heroes,30 Rock, and

Friday Night Lights.[101] Despite having received a new three-year contract at NBC in February 2007, Reilly's partnership with NBC was

terminated in late May 2007, and Reilly departed soon after. [102] Approximately one month later, Reilly was hired as President of Entertainm

at Fox.

Ben Silverman (2007-2009) - Silverman was named co-chairman of NBC Entertainment in 2007 (along with Marc Graboff), succeeding Ke

Reilly. That same year, Silverman was the first producer since Norman Lear, 34 years earlier, to have two shows nominated for an Emmy in

best comedy category (The OfficeandUgly Betty).[103] He is credited for his role in saving the critically acclaimed but low-rated NBC dram

Friday Night Lightsby striking an innovative deal with DirecTV.[104] The satellite television provider agreed to take on a substantial amoun

the show's production budget in exchange for exclusive first window airing rights on its 101 channel. NBC would then repurpose the episod

be aired on the network later in the season. [105]

Jeff Gaspin (2009-2010) - After finding no jobs on Wall Street in Finance, Gaspin looked at an associates program at NBC. After spending

years in the NBC finance department, he shifted to news programming at the urging of Michael Gartner, who was at the time the President o

NBC News. After time, he then shifted to entertainment programming. During this tenure, Gaspin helped to develop and launch the criticall


18/22



acclaimed Dateline NBCas well as expanding The Today Showto its current seven day schedule. In 1996, Gaspin left NBC to go to head pr

development at VH1. Returning to NBC in 2001, Gaspin was named Executive Vice President of Program Strategy at NBC Entertainment w

he helped to develop new programs such asThe ApprenticeandBiggest Loser. In 2002, NBC acquired the Bravo Network and Gaspin was n

its new President. Some of his most noteworthy accomplishments were the massive hits Queer Eye for the Straight GuyandProject Runwa

was named President of NBC Universal Cable and Digital Content in 2007.[106] In July 2009, Gaspin was promoted to Chairman of NBC

Universal Television Entertainment. Some of the businesses he is responsible for are NBC Entertainment (home to hits such as The Office,3

Rock, andThe Tonight Show), cable channels USA Network and Bravo, and NBC Universal Domestic Television Distribution which distrib

such shows asThe Martha Stewart ShowandThe Jerry Springer Show.

Robert Greenblatt (2011present) - He succeeded Jeff Gaspin in January 2011 after Comcast took control of the newly rechristened

NBCUniversal.[107]

ee also

List of NBC personalities

List of NBC television affiliates (by U.S. state)

List of NBC television affiliates (table), arranged by market

List of programs broadcast by NBC

List of programs previously broadcast by NBC

Must See TV

NBC chimes

NBC Daytime

NBCi

NBC Kids

NBC News

NBC pages

NBC Sports

Olympics on NBC

NBC Studios

NBCUniversal (the parent company of NBC)

Telemundo

Telemundo Puerto Rico

The Weather Channel

Universal Studios

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