Prepared By:Dr. S.M. Jashim Uddin Razib

MPH(HSMP)NIPSOM

which is not infectious

with long duration

relatively slow in progress

which a person is unaware of the disease unless or otherwise examined

a silent killer of people

Cardiovascular diseases-(heart attacks and strokes)

Diabetes

Chronic respiratory diseases (COPD, Asthma)

Cancer

The number one cause of death in the

world. (more than 36 million people & 63% of global deaths)

Cardiovascular diseases- 48%

Cancer- 21%

Diabetes- 3%

Chronic respiratory diseases – 12%

Including 14 million people who die too young before the age of 70. More than 90% of these premature deaths from NCDs occur in low- and middle-income countries & could have largely been prevented....

Not caused by an acute infection

Have common risk factors

Cause long-term harm

Need a long-term (or even life-long) treatment

Cause both men and women equally

Sometimes, cause disability

Causes for NCDs (Risk Factors)

Unhealthy diet

Tobacco usage

Physical inactivity

Stress factors

Overweight (obesity)

Genetics

Harmful use of alcohol

Environmental factors

NCD TREE!!!!!!

o Have High blood pressure

o Have High cholesterol level

o Are obese (over weight)

o Are exposed to air pollution

o Have raised blood glucose level

o Are exposed to Environmental factors

o YOU ARE AT RISK !!!!!!!!!

Background risk factors- age, sex, level of education and genetic composition

-cannot be changed Behavioral risk factors- tobacco and

alcohol use, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity

-can be modified Intermediate risk factors- elevated

blood lipids, diabetes, high blood pressure and overweight/obesity

-can be controlled

Around three-quarters of heart diseases,

Stroke

Type 2 diabetes

40% of cancer

would be prevented

Healthy diet

Regular exercise

Change the environment

Modify the habits

Regular medical check-

ups

GLOBAL NCD TARGETS:

Launch of the Strategic Plan for Surveillance and Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases in Bangladesh, 2007-2010.

Bangladesh was the first nation to ratify the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 14 June 2004 and in March 2005 enacted Smoking and Tobacco Product Usage (Control) Act 2005.

Multiple specialty hospitals and foundations exist and some have outreach activities (i.e., Diabetes Associations of Bangladesh, National Heart Foundation)

BIRDEM academy established to provide adequate qualified manpower on diabetes and other endocrine related diseases.

Existence of a vaccination programme against Hepatitis B with adequate resources but it is not monitored and periodically evaluated.

Legislation that bans smoking in public places is enforced but there are no resources to monitor its compliance.

Existence of a national plan for prevention and control of diabetes, that should be monitored regularly monitored.

Needs more emphasis in policies (Health Policy, 5-year plan, Nutrition Strategy, etc.)

Priority setting within the Health Sector Program

Budget allocation

HR and logistics

A system for NCD surveillance addresses each of the major conditions through sentinel surveillance of representative target populations.

Availability of key essential drugs for NCD in primary care health centres.

Formulate policies for reducing salt intake, consumption of high content sugar beverages, trans-fats and marketing of unhealthy foods addressed to children.

The Strategic Plan for Surveillance and Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases in Bangladesh, (2007-2010) has expired. A new strategic action plan for non-communicable diseases should be developed with more explicit courses of action and key performance indicators.

In the new Health Nutrition and Population Sector Program (HNPSP), non-communicable diseases should remain a priority.

Low cost disease prevention, diagnosis and management, especially for diabetes and hypertension should be incorporated in the Upazilla Health Complexes and Community Clinics.

Non-communicable disease awareness should spread among all actors of the health system: government, development partners, civil society, and multi sectoral project partners.

In response to the growing burden of NCDs, theBangladesh government and non-governmentorganizations have taken several steps to implementappropriate programs, but there are still many areas wherethey could enhance or strengthen their efforts. Key amongthem is improved monitoring and evaluation of programsand the development of nationally representativesurveillance data about the prevalence of noncommunicable chronic diseases and associated riskfactors. Advances in these areas, potentially funded byinternational donors, will greatly facilitate the effectivetranslation of evidence into policy.With effectivemonitoring and evaluation of ongoing and plannedprograms, Bangladesh can serve as an example to othercountries faced with a similar disease profile.

The NCDs may not be able to cure completely

BUT

Can be CONTROLLED

AND

Are PREVENTABLE through effective interventions that tackle risk factors

Thank you