NEED OF MICROELEMENTS

Why include Micronutrients to your crop program?

• Plants need more than just the Macronutrients (NPK) and secondary elements (Ca, Mg & S) to survive in a healthy state.

• Micronutrients act in the most of VITAL chemical reactions of plants. 

• Micronutrients: Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, Mo, Si, Co … • If there is a little deficiency of any microelement, it may affect to

the yield and quality of the crops.• Microelements are a “restrictive factor”

NEED OF MICROELEMENTSNEED OF MICROELEMENTS

• Macroelements (NPK): it is necessary to apply them in big quantities

• Microelements: it is necessary to apply them in small quantities

• BUT …

The shortest piece LIMITS

the YIELD

Independently of the width (quantity)

Fe

Mn

ZnCu B

Mo

0

1

10

100

1.000

10.000

100.000

1.000.000

Mic

ron

utr

ien

ts i

n s

oil

s (

in p

pm

)

.

Micronutrient content in soils: extreme variability

REASONS OF THE MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES

• More productive varieties: more extractions • Crop intensification • High increase of NPK fertilization• Decrease of organic fertilizers• Drip Irrigation• Low plant uptake (soil interactions) • Calcareous soils• Soil pH

At low pH all microelements are available for roots

except Mo

If the pH increases the solubility of the

microelements decrease and also the availability

% Micronutrients availability depending on soil pH

Sources of micronutrients

React with:- The clay-humus complex of the soil- Soluble phosphates (present in the soil or applied with N, P, K fertilisers)

TRADICIONALSOURCES

SALTS OXIDES

SULPHATES NITRATES

ORGANICSOURCES

METAL+

CHELATINGAGENT

(PHYSICAL MIX)

METAL+

COMPLEXINGAGENT

Amino-acidsLignosulphonates

Poliflavonoids

METAL+

CHELATINGAGENT

(CHEMICAL MIX)

CitratesOxilates

Gluconates EDTA

EDDHA DTPA

TRADECORP SYNTHESIS

What’s a chelate: Chelate Reaction

CHELATING AGENT + MICRONUTRIENT = CHELATE

+

Chelating agent: substance which protects the metal to avoid its immobilization in the soil

Chelate: microelement protected by a molecule in order to be available for plants

TRADECORP FORMULATION

1. To Prevent 2. To Correct

Micronutrients deficiencies

- Decrease of yield- Decrease of quality- Less resistant plants- Plant died

DEFICIENCY ?

Chelate Functions

1. To Prevent 2. To Correct

Micronutrients deficiencies

Chelate Functions

3. To protect the metal against interactions with phosphates and soil complex.

4. To transport metals in the rizosphere towards the nutrient uptake area.

Types of chelating agents

EDDHA

Chemical structure of EDTA chelating agent

Chemical structure of chelating agents specifically of Fe

EDTA

[ CHELATING AGENT ] [ MICRONUTRIENT ]- log Ka =

[Chelated metal]

CHELATING AGENT + MICRONUTRIENT = CHELATE (protected micronutrient)

+Ka

Parameters for choosing the chelating agent

Stability constant

* One of the most important factors in choosing the chelate is the constant that measures the strength of the link between the chelating agent and the metalTHE HIGHER IS - log Ka HIGHER Ka THE BETTER STABILITY HAS THE CHELATE

Parameters for choosing the chelating agent

Stability constant

Slides

Stability constant

Fe3+ Fe2+ Ca2+ Zn2+ Mn2+ Cu2+ Mg2+

EDTA 25 15 11 16 14 18 9

EDDHA 35 14 7.2 9.2 7.7 24 ND

CITRATE 11 5.5 4.7 5 3.5 6.1 2.8

Organic acids 4 3 2 3 5 3 3,2

* The stability constant expressed as log Ka indicates that the greater the constant, the greater the stability

Chemical advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates

* Tradecorp is one of the few companies in the world that synthesises and manufactures the EDDHA chelating agent

* Tradecorp offers its own synthesis, chelation and manufacturing technology

* Tradecorp presents its range of chelates in soluble micro-granules (WG) due to the drying technology used in its production plants

* Tradecorp’s chelates have the highest chelation grade

* Quality department, ISO registrations…

Differences between different commercial products

* Tradecorp ensures the highest quality and guarantee in the manufacturing process:

- Maximum level of chelation - Richness guaranteed in micronutrients - Guarantee in the quality of the chelating agent

• The accurate and controlled manufacturing process explains that all the cations are fully chelated:

OTHERS: LOW CHELATION LEVEL

The chelates are stable in a wide range of pH

Parameters for choosing the chelating agent pH

10

Slides

Stability range of the chelated fraction

EDTA

EDDHA

Chelate stability in function of pH & type of application

Type of chelating

agent

Foliar Application

Acid pH

Foliar ApplicationAlkaline pH

Soil Application

Acid pH

Soil ApplicationAlkaline pH

EDTA(Zn, Mn, Ca, Mg & Mix)

GOOD STABILITY

GOOD STABILITY

GOOD STABILITY

GOOD STABILITY

EDTA FeGOOD

STABILITYMEDIUM

STABILITYGOOD

STABILITYBAD

STABILITY

EDDHA FeGOOD

STABILITYGOOD

STABILITYGOOD

STABILITYGOOD

STABILITY

Amino acidsGOOD

STABILITYGOOD

STABILITYGOOD

STABILITYBAD

STABILITY

Citric and organic acids

GOOD STABILITY

MEDIUM STABILITY

GOOD STABILITY

BAD STABILITY

Chelates: Unique mode of action

1 The chelating agent (organic molecule) protects the micronutrient from factors that might cause it to become immobile and blocked in the soil

2 Besides increasing the solubility and mobility of the nutrients in the soil, the chelating agent ensures the nutrients are transferred to the rhizosphere

3 The chelating agent releases metal and is absorbed in the rhizosphere (root)

4 The use of chelates ensures the maximum absorption and assimilation of micronutrients by the plant, increasing the performance and quality of the harvest

ABSORPTION OF MICRONUTRIENTS

IN THE ROOTS WITH THE APPLICATION OF

CHELATES

MICRONUTRIENTS

CHELATING AGENT

Slides

Advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates Vs traditional sources of micronutrients

* Bigger stability in soils, the metal is protected by the chelating agent that avoid interactions with other elements of the soil (carbonates, OM, clay-humic complex, etc.) Lasting availability.* Bigger stability in tank mix and irrigation water (pH, ions, etc) * Maximum efficiency with lower dose rates due to the chelated micronutrients being totally available to plants * Better solubility and less risk of salinity* Compatible with most agrochemicals and foliar fertilizers* Greater ease of handling, transport and storage

+ BIO-AVAILABILITY

+ EFFICIENCY

+ SOLUBILITY

+ EASY

5 - 10

5 - 10

12 - 3

Oxides Salts False chelates ComplexesTRADECORP

True chelates

Required doses+ -

Advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates Vs traditional sources of micronutrients

Comparison with competitors: sulfates, nitrates, chlorides…

Problems of salts:

1. Low compatibility with pesticides2. Risk of scorching3. Solubility4. Secondary effect on soil (pH, carbonates, ions, clay-humic complex)

Chelates doesn’t react with:PhosphatesOMClay-humic complex

AND they are STABLE in a high pH range

Trial: Chelates on Foliar Spray (Brazil)

The most commonly used fonts of Mn are MnCl2 and MnSO4.

9 trials to check the efficacy of foliar spray of chelates and the dose reduction.

All the trials shown the same results:It’s possible to reduce the dosesTradecorp Mn has good compatibilityTradecorp Mn prevents Mn deficiencyTradecorp Mn causes no injuries

CropsTrade Mn

(g/ha)

MnCl2

(L/ha)

MnSO4

(Kg/ha)Corn 200,0 2,0 3,0Cotton 200,0 2,0 3,0Drybeans 100,0 1,0 1,5Soybean 100,0 1,0 1,5

Foliar content of Mn on Beans Treated with different Mn fonts (ppm)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Check Tradecorp MnCl2 (1) MnCl2 (2) MnSO4

Pre analisys

4 DAA

12 DAA

Tradecorp Mn remains longer time on the leaves!

Evaluation of the efficacy of Tradecorp Mn against MnSO4 and MnCl2

Effect on Soybean nutrition; Rio Verde Foundation, Brazil. 5 repetitions per treatment.

Treatments and composition:

TreatmentsMn Content

(p/p)Rate

Grammes of Mn applied / ha

MnCl2 17% 1 l/ha 170 g/ha

MnSO4 32% 1 kg/ha 320 g/ha

Tradecorp Mn(EDTA-Mn)

13% 0,2 kg/ha 26 g/ha

3750

3800

3850

3900

3950

4000

4050

4100

MnCl2 MnSO4 Tradecorp Mn

Kg

/ha

aa

+ 1%

+ 5%

Yield of grains, Kg/haa & b = significant statistical difference (α=0,05 on Duncan test)

Results:

4. Conclusion: Tradecorp Mn performs better than traditional application of salts in soybean, despite a big reduction in the overall quantity of Manganese applied per hectare.

Source: Department of Agriculture, Western Australia

Comparison of soil application of 3 Cu fertilizers

100% Yield with Average needs Balance

150 g Cu/ha as Cu-EDTA 150 g/ha CORRECT AND EFFICIENT

450 g Cu/ha as CuSO4 450 g/ha EXCESS = POLLUTION

450 g Cu/ha as Cu oxychloride 450 g/ha EXCESS = POLLUTION

Physical advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates

100% SOLUBLE

1. Rapid and total dissolution in all types of water without forming lumps or sediments

2. Maximum ease of handling compared with other formulations presented as powder

3. Greater ease of handling and storage compared with other liquids and less concentrated formulations

Micro granule sectionTradecorp chelates have a full solubility, due to the WG

formulation, with big quantity of cavities and holes that increases the contact surface with the water.

Agronomical advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates

* High stability in a wide range of pH, reaching the maximum efficiency in all conditions, even in the most difficult cases

* Maximum efficiency with lower dose rates 100% available

* Optimum solution for hydroponics and fertigation. Avoids blocking of drippers and nozzles

* High level of security as they are not aggressive for plant tissues or the roots

* Long lasting availability

100% effective!!

Product catalogue

Ultraferro®

Tradecorp® Range

Tradecorp® AZ Range

Tradecorp® CaTradecorp® CuTradecorp® FeTradecorp® MgTradecorp® MnTradecorp® ZnTradecitrus®

* Denomination: EDTA calcium chelate

* Composition: 14% w/w calcium oxide (CaO) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water

* pH stability range: 2 – 9

* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)

* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar

* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

Tradecorp® Ca

Slides

* Denomination: EDTA copper chelate

* Composition: 14.5% w/w copper (Cu) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water

* pH stability range: 4 – 9

* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)

* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar

* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

Tradecorp® Cu

Slides

* Denomination: EDTA iron chelate

* Composition: 13.2% w/w iron (Fe) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water

* pH stability range: 4 – 7

* Presentation: Powder (WP)

* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar

* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

Tradecorp® Fe

Slides

* Denomination: EDTA magnesium chelate

* Composition: 10% w/w magnesium oxide (MgO) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water

* pH stability range: 4 – 9

* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)

* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar

* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

Tradecorp® Mg

Slides

* Denomination: EDTA manganese chelate

* Composition: 13% w/w manganese (Mn) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water

* pH stability range: 4 – 9

* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)

* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar

* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

Tradecorp® Mn

Slides

* Denomination: EDTA zinc chelate

* Composition: 14% w/w zinc (Zn) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water

* pH stability range: 4 – 9

* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)

* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar

* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

Tradecorp® Zn

Slides

* Denomination: EDTA manganese and zinc chelate

* Composition: 6% w/w manganese (Mn) and 8% w/w zinc (Zn) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water

* pH stability range: 4 – 9

* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)

* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar

* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

Tradecitrus®

Slides