nehemiah/malachi
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Nehemiah/Malachi. Where We Are in Our Journey. Last Three Weeks: Ezekiel 44 – 48 / Joel / Daniel 1 - 6 Daniel 7 – 12, Ezra 1-6 , Psalms 137, Haggai Zechariah , Esther, Ezra 7-10. Where We're Going in Our Journey. This Week: Nehemiah , Psalms 126, Malachi Remaining: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Last Three Weeks:Ezekiel 44 – 48 / Joel / Daniel 1 - 6
Daniel 7 – 12, Ezra 1-6, Psalms 137, Haggai
Zechariah, Esther, Ezra 7-10
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This Week:Nehemiah, Psalms 126, Malachi
Remaining:
December 28 – Transition class
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O. T. TIMELINE (1):
1. Beginnings
2. Patriarchs
3. Bondage
4. Exodus
5. Wanderings
6. Conquest
7. Judges
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8. United Kingdom
Samaria Falls
9. Divided Kingdom
722 BCIsrael
Judah
Judah Alone
WE ARE HERE
10. Captivity
O. T. TIMELINE (2):
11. Return
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Extent of the Medo-Persian Empire
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Ch
ron
olo
gica
l & B
ackg
rou
nd
Ch
arts o
f the
Old
Te
stam
en
t by Jo
hn
H. W
alto
n, Z
on
de
rvan
19
94
(559)
(Ahasuerus/Artaxerxes)
(Ahasuerus)
Persian / World Chronology
~480BC
Deaths of Buddha (India) & Confucius (China)
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Chronological & Background Charts of the Old Testament by John H. Walton, Zondervan 1994
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The Return from Captivity - Timeline
Est
her
458“Rebuild
the Temple”
Ezra 1-6Malachi
Zechariah
Exile
536
483
Ezra 7-10
“RestoreGod’s Law”
“Rebuildthe
Walls”
Neh
emia
h
473444 432+ 430?
Haggai
516
Jews Released1st return toJerusalem
2ndreturn to
Jerusalem
3rdreturn to
Jerusalem
606
Xerxes I Artaxerxes I Darius I Cyrus II C
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Ezra Part Two, Chapters 7-10:
(Elapsed Time – One Year, 7:9-10:17)
- Nelson’s Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts, 1993 Thomas Nelson, Inc.
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Early Heb. manuscripts joined Ezra & Nehe-miah, but Neh. clearly written in 1st person
Nehemiah served as cupbearer to King Artaxerxes of Persia in Sushan (Susa)
Received permission to return & rebuild Jerusalem in 20th yr. of King (445-444 B.C.)
Appointed governor in Judah for 12 years Ezra served as priest and scribe at this time Returned to King in Persia ~ 432 B.C. (13:6) Back to Jerusalem “after some time” and
lead more reforms (post-Malachi?)
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I. Nehemiah leads reconstruction of the walls of Jerusalem, Ch. 1-7A. Preparation, 1:1-2:20B. Reconstruction, 3:1-7:73
1. Record of builders, 3:1-322. Opposition to the building, 4:1-6:143. Walls completed, 6:15-194. Jerusalem organized, 7:1-45. Citizens enrolled acc. to genealogies, 7:5-73
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II.Ezra and Nehemiah lead spiritual restoration of the people of Judah, Ch. 8-13A. Ezra reads the law / feasts restored, Ch. 8B. The covenant is reaffirmed, Ch. 9-10C. Jerusalem is resettled, Ch. 11D. Record of the priests and Levites, 12:1-26E. Dedication of the wall, 12:27-47F. Further restoration / separation of the
people, Ch. 13
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Western or “Wailing” Wall of Jerusalem (Herod)
What Did the Wall Look Like?
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Ruins of “Broad Wall” dating to 8th Century B.C. (Hezekiah?) May have been 25 ft. high / 23 ft. thick
More Likely Wall Construction
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Work on the Gates and Walls of Jerusalem (Ch. 3)
Sheep
Dung
Fish
Old
Valley Fountain
Water
HorseN
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“Let us arise and build” (2:18) Importance of dedicated leadership,
focused on the task at hand Problems, pains, prayers, & perseverance Don’t be afraid; Our God will fight for us Help of God in the face of opposition (6:16)
(Ridicule / intimidation & fear / financial hardships / assassination plots / libel / temptation / fraternization with enemies)
Sanballat (Samaria) & Tobiah (Ammon) Spiritual restoration / Covenant with God
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• 4 Major Prophets:Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel
• 12 Minor Prophets: Hosea* Joel Amos* Obadiah Jonah* Micah* Prophets to Israel
Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah
-----
Haggai Zechariah Malachi
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Malachi means “My Messenger” No other information is given about the man Exact date uncertain, but message fits
problems addressed by Nehemiah on his return, 432-425 B.C. (Compare with Neh. 13)
Unique style among the prophets: Didactic-Dialectic (Proposition/Objection/Reply), an exposition style later adopted in synagoges
Frequent (25) references to “the Lord” / “the Lord of Hosts” as the prophet’s source
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Wherein have You loved us? 1:2
How have we despised Your name? 1:6
How have we defiled You? 1:7
Why is God displeased with us? 2:14
I chose Jacob over Esau 1:2-4
You are presenting defiled bread on altar 1:7
You despise worship, it’s tiresome to you 1:7-14
You divorced own wives & married pagans 2:11-16
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How have we wearied Him? 2:17
How shall we return? 3:7
How have we robbed You? 3:8
What have we spoken against You? 3:13
You say that evil is good, 2:17
Keep My statutes, 3:7
In tithes and offerings, 3:8
You say it is vain to serve God, 3:14
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I. Condemnation of the priest’s faithlessness, 1:1-2:9A. The Lord’s love for Israel, 1:2-5B. Rebuke of the priests & the people, 1:6-14C. Priests threatened with a curse, 2:1-9
II. Mixed marriages & divorces condemned, 2:10-16III.The Day of the Lord – Condemnation of religious
indifference and skepticism, 2:17-4:6A. The Lord’s approach in judgment, 2:17-3:6B. Wrongful withholding of tithes and offerings,
3:7-12C. God defends His justice – “the day is coming”,
3:13-4:3D. Closing admonitions and promises, 4:4-6
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Ritual worship not acceptable Better to shut the doors of the temple
than give half-hearted worship to God Indifference and skepticism rebuked Condemnation of divorce and
intermarriage with pagan neighbors Withholding God’s portion = robbery The day of the Lord is coming, who
can endure?
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Captives set free – like a dream Filled with laughter and joy God given credit Remembrance of others Promise of blessings
• Sow in tears / reap with joy• “We shall come rejoicing, bringing in
the sheaves”