neoclassical architecture

History of Architecture - II (AP-313) – Neoclassicism

History of Architecture-II (AP-313)

NEOCLASSICISM

LECTURE 1

Nipesh P Narayanan

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http://www.civilization.ca/civil/egypt/egypte.html


NEO CLASSICISM WHAT IT MEANS?

~ Neo Classical – NEW Classical

Classical

Neoclassical 18th Century

Renaissance – 14th Century on

Baroque – 15th Century

Rococo – 18th Century


NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL

REVIVAL OF THE CLASSIC




Renaissance Neoclassical




Renaissance Neoclassical

Antiq

uity

Arch

aeol

ogy



Plato & Classic Ideas

“Ideal Form”

Archaeology

Johann Joachim Winckelmann

Excavation of Pompeii & Herculaneum

18th Century France and the age of enlightenment

Jacque Louis David

Emmanuel Kant

Jean-Jacques Rousseau




“Ideal Form”




“Ideal Form”

Archaeology






“Ideal Form”

Archaeology




Jacque Louis David

Immanuel Kant



IMMANUEL KANT WHAT IS ENLIGHTENMENT?

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Dare to Know!


ROUSSEAU DISCOURSE ON ART AND SCIENCES

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Rousseau argues that progress – understood as arts and sciences “throttle in that the sentiment of that original ‘freedom’ for which they seemed born, make them love their slavery and fashion them into what is called civilized peoples.”


FRENCH REVOLUTION & JACQUE LOUIS DAVID

Oath of Horatii

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FRENCH REVOLUTION & JACQUE LOUIS DAVID

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“Ideal Form”

Archaeology




Jacque Louis David

Immanuel Kant



ANDREA PALLADIO (1508 – 1580) PALLADIAN ARCHITECTURE

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A villa with a superimposed portico, from Book IV of Palladio's I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura, in an English translation published in London, 1736.



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Villa Rotonda (1570s)



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Villa Rotonda (1570s)


GIOVANNI PAOLO PANNINI VEDAUTA IDEATA (Imaginary View)

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Roman Capriccio The Pantheon and Other Monuments (1735)


GIOVANNI PAOLO PANNINI VEDAUTA IDEATA (Imaginary View)

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Roman ruins and sculpture (1754-57)


PRINCE OF WHALES MAUSOLEUM

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Design by Chambers for the Mausoleum of the Prince of Whales (1751)


THE ROMAN vs GREEK

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On the Magnificence and Architecture of the Romans ~ Piranesi (1761)


THE CLASSIC!

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Thoughts on Architecture ~ Piranesi (1765)


THE FRENCH ACADEMY IN ROME

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Villa Medici, Rome (Founded 1666)


PANTHEON (Paris) - JACQUES-GABRIEL SOUFFLOT

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Paris (1756)



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Plan, Paris(1756)



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Interior of Pantheon, Paris(1756)


BRANDENBURG GATE - CARL GOTTHARD LANGHANS

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THE CUPOLA ROOM - WILLIAM KENT

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Interiors of Cupola Room, Kensington Palace, London (1720s)


THE CUPOLA ROOM - WILLIAM KENT

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Interiors of Cupola Room, Kensington Palace, London (1720s)


HOLKHAM HALL - WILLIAM KENT, LORD BURLINGTON

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Country House, Holkham Village, England (1730s)



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Plan, Holkham hall, Holkham Village, England (1730s)



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Marble Hall – Interior (1730s)



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Marble Hall – Construction Detail (1730s)


SYON HOUSE- ROBERT ADAM

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Picturesque rendering – London (Remodeled 1762 – 9)



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Elevation, Syon House, (Remodeled 1762 – 9)



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Plan, Syon House, (Remodeled 1762 – 9)


SHEREMETEV PALACE - QUARENGHI (1790s)

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Russia was introduced to neo-classical architecture by Ar. Giacomo Quarenghi (1744 – 1817), trained as a painter in Bergamo and in Rome


THOMAS JEFFERSON AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF NEW REPUBLIC

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Thomas Jefferson (1743 – 1826) was influenced by French neo-classicism in his search for an architecture which would symbolize the values of the newly

established republic, USA (1784).


THOMAS JEFFERSON AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF NEW REPUBLIC

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Thomas Jefferson’s favorite building, built between1782 and 1787 by the architect Pierre Rousseau


MONTICELLO - THOMAS JEFFERSON

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The remodeling of Monticello, completed during Jefferson’s term as the third president of USA (1801-1809), gave it the effect of a one-storeyed Roman villa.


MONTICELLO - THOMAS JEFFERSON

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The remodeling of Monticello, completed during Jefferson’s term as the third president of USA (1801-1809), gave it the effect of a one-storeyed Roman villa.


UNITED STATES CAPITOL

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Exterior of the Capitol, Washington (initial building 1792 – 1827) by Thornton, Haller, Hadfield, Latrobe and Bulfinch.


REFERENCE

Watkin, David. 1996. A history of Western Architecture. London : Laurence King, 1996. ISBN 1856690822.

Fletcher, Banister and Cruickshank, Dan. 1996. Sir Banister Fletcher's: A History of Architecture. s.l. : Elsevier/Architectural Press, 1996. ISBN 0750622679, 9780750622677.

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