New and Renewable Energy Policy and Investment in Thailand

DrDr TwarathTwarath SutabutrSutabutrDr. Dr. TwarathTwarath SutabutrSutabutrDeputy DirectorDeputy Director--GeneralGeneral

D f Al i E D l d Effi iD f Al i E D l d Effi iDepartment of Alternative Energy Development and EfficiencyDepartment of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

ThailandThailand

Renewable Energy Asia 2013 : New Opportunitiesin the ASEAN Community

5 June 2013

1

5 June 2013BITEC, Bangkok, Thailand

Content

Thailand’s Energy Situation and Energy policyThailand’s Energy Situation and Energy policy1.Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) and Supporting MeasuresAlternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) and Supporting Measures2.

Case Study of Integrating Renewable Energy into the Grid : “ I-sarn ”Case Study of Integrating Renewable Energy into the Grid : “ I-sarn ”3.

Test bed of “ DC-PV Micro-grid”Test bed of “ DC-PV Micro-grid”4.

Recent InitiativesRecent Initiatives5.

Key Take-awaysKey Take-aways6.

2

1 Thailand’s Energy Situation1. Thailand s Energy Situation and Energy policy

Black Out in The South of Thailand

Thailand’s Energy situation in 2012

Total Energy Consumption in 2012 = 73,316 ktoe

Final energy consumption by economic sector

AgricultureCommercial

Final energy consumption by economic sector

Total Energy Use 2.0 million barrels Industry

Residential

(oil equivalent) per day =

1.9 trillion bahtTransportationTransportation

Energy import value in 2012 = 1.125 trillion baht

5

gy p(Sharing 18% of GDP)

=> 77% of import value = Crude Oil

Thailand’s Energy Situation in 2012

P i f I d D i P d iP i f I d D i P d iProportion of Import and Domestic ProductionProportion of Import and Domestic Production

Domestic production Import Import Value

Crude oil 15 85

Domestic production Import

927

p(103 million baht)

Petrolium Products

Crude oil

99 1 10

Coal

Natural Gas

49

74

51

26 136

40

Electricity

Coal

96 4 12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

1 125Total 1,125TotalImport 81% of oil consumptionImport 56% of overall energy

demand 6

Thailand’s Electricity Situation in 2012

Thai Electricity Challenges

Increased and fluctuated world oil/gas price

Thai Electricity Challenges

Limited petroleum reserved

needs to import 85 % of supply

70% of electricity supply depends on Natural Gas

Lacking of public acceptance on Energy projects

7

affects long term energy security

Import Electricity form neighbors

CHINACapacity : Capacity : 694694,,000000 MWMWSources : wikipedia.org

MYANMARCapacity : Capacity : 3939,,720 720 MW MWSouces : Ministry of Power, India

LAO PDRCapacity :Capacity : 2626 000000 MWMWCapacity :Capacity : 2626,,000000 MWMWSources : United Nations

CAMBODIACAMBODIA

8

Capacity : Capacity : 1010,,000 000 MWMWSources : European Commission

2Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP)

d S U d t d P li i

2

and Some Updated Policies

Renewable Energy Policies

• Critical Factors of Renewable Energy Dissemination :Dissemination :

1 Government policies on “Target & Incentives”1. Government policies on Target & Incentives

2 How much the existing “National Grid” can2. How much the existing National Grid can

take up RE powertake up RE-power

3 “G id P it ” RE C t El t i it T iff3. “Grid Parity” : RE Cost vs. ElectricityTariff

How we count RE….

F il f l

Power Generation 1.3 %(Solar/Wind/Biomass

/MSW/Biogas)Fossil fuels

Renewable Energy & Traditional Biomass Small Hydro

Power 0.1%Power 0.1%

Imported Hydro power Heat 6.9%

(Solar/Biomass/MSW/Biogas)

Renewable Energy

(under AEDP)

9 9 %Large

Hydro power

/MSW/Biogas) 9.9 %

Biofuels 1.6%

Traditional RE 10.5%

Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP)

Committed to the development of low-carbon society

Government Funding

On R & D & DActivities

Private-Led Investment

10 years Alternative Energy-Development Plan (AEDP-Master

Pl 2012 2021)Activities InvestmentPlan 2012-2021)

Target 25 % of RE (excl. Large Dams, Imported Hydro & Traditional Biomass)

in Total Energy Consumption By 2021

solar wind

Bio-energy

biomass Bio-gas MSW

Hydro power plant

Small

Micro

Pumped-Storage

New energy

Ocean& Tidal Geothermal

Biofuels

Ethanol Bio-diesel

2nd –Gen.Biofuels

9 5 97 252,000MW

1,200MW

3,200 MW

3,630MW

600 MW 160 MW

4,390 MW

324MW

1,284 MW

1,608 MW

2 MW 1 MW

3 MW

9ML/day

5.97ML/day

25ML/day

Renewable fuel 44%,3 MW

Excl. Large Dams &

Imported Hydro

Excl. Traditional Biomass

Renewable energy potential

RE P t ti lwind

SolarNatural• Solar

Crop• Sugar cane

Waste• Agricultural

RE Potential

• Hydro• Wind

(Molasses)• Cassava• Palm

• Industrial• Municipal solid

waste (MSW)

Biomass& biogasEthanol

& biodiesel

Salween river Mae Khong = 10 000 MW= 15,000 MW = 10,000 MW

13*Total realizable potentials for RE in ASEAN*Total realizable potentials for RE in ASEAN--6 6 countriescountries

, by technology to , by technology to 2030 2030 ; IEA ; IEA 20102010

Renewable Energy PolicyMeasure for RE Promotion

ONEPEIA

ERC-DIW

LocalAdmin

Offices giving licenses

BOI-Investment Incentives

Supports f th

• Renewable energy maps• Data from demonstration

DEDE11

Licenses

h i l

Investment Incentives

Subsidy request

from the Ministry of

Energy

Data from demonstration site•Renewable energy potential info

Technical support

PrivateInvestor

• Investment Grant1. Biogas2. Solar hot water3. MSW Carbon

22

CDM• “Energy Soft Loan”Revolving funds for Renewable energy and energy conservation

ESCO V C i l F dDEDE

DEDEBanks

loan credit sale33

El i i

• ESCO Venture Capital Fund

• Future change of “Adder” to Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Policy

DEDE

EPPO

dd /

- Firm- Non Firm

44

55

Electricityauthorities Consumers

Adder/ FIT(pending)

14

AEDP targets and Current Situations

Types Units Goal2021

Current CapacityMarch 2013

Electricity MWktoe

9,201 3,032 MWktoe ,Solar MW 2,000 486.30

Wind MW 1,200 215.18

Small Hydro MW 1 608 101 75Small Hydro MW 1,608 101.75

Biomass MW 3,630 1,988.85

Biogas MW 600 196.95

MSW MW 160 42 72MSW MW 160 42.72

Heating Ktoe 9,335 4,882 Ktoe

Solar Ktoe 100 4.0

Biomass Ktoe 8 200 4 342Biomass Ktoe 8,200 4,342

Biogas Ktoe 1,000 458

MSW Ktoe 35 78

Bi f l ML/d 39 97 5 2 ML/dBiofuel ML/dayKtoe

39.97 5.2 ML/day

Ethanol ML/day 9 2.3

Biodiesel ML/day 5.97 2.8Biodiesel ML/day 5.97 2.8

Total RE (ktoe) 7,294

Now 9.9% of RE in Total Energy Consumption 3

Thailand’s Energy situation in 2012

Installed Capacity of RE power generationInstalled Capacity of RE power generation

Fossil FuelImported Hydro

2 185 MWBiogas

Fossil Fuel28,140 MW

2,185 MW

Large Hydro Power3,406 MW

Renewable Energy2,786 MW

Biomass Solar

MSW

WindSmall Hydro Power

MW

RE

RE On-grid Power Plants Map

NorthTotal 1,458 MWTotal 1,458 MW

- Large Hydro = 1,279 MW- Biomass = 110 MW- Mini hydro = 40 MW

NortheastTotal 1,377 MW

Large Hydro = 737 MWMini hydro 40 MW- Solar = 24 MW- Geothermal = 0.3 MW- Biogas = 5 MW

- Large Hydro = 737 MW- Biomass = 352 MW- Mini hydro = 24 MW- Solar = 120 MW

Biogas = 51 MW

SouthTotal 430 MW

- Biogas = 51 MW- Wind = 180 MW

- Large Hydro = 312 MW- Biomass = 48 MW- Mini hydro = 4 MW- Solar = 0.1 MW

CentralTotal 1,606 MW

- Large Hydro = 1,078 MWSolar 0.1 MW- Biogas = 47 MW- Wind = 2 MW- MSW = 17 MW

g y ,- Biomass = 241 MW- Mini hydro = 13 MW- Solar = 230 MW- Biogas = 43 MWg- Wind = 0.1 MW- MSW = 1 MW

1 Commitment on Renewable Energy;

Some Policies Updated

1. Commitment on Renewable Energy;

• New PDP 2013 focus more on RE

• Grid Expansion 500 kV in both North-Eastern

Possible New 500 kV Lines

and Southern Routes, leading to “More

Grid-Capacity” to take up more RE

projectsprojects.

• EGAT Demonstration Projects

2. FiT-scheme is still under discussion. Adder-

scheme is still very much valid, esp. for

Wind.

3. Shifting in Incentives Programs More for

“Community or Household-scaled”

P j t i S l PV R ft d N i

Under Study

Projects, i.e. Solar-PV Rooftop and Napier

Grass Biogas Digestor.

4 Renewable Energy Committee (existing since4. Renewable Energy Committee (existing since

July 2010)

EGAT’s Renewable Energy Demonstration Plan

Renewable EnergyRenewable Energy 20112011--20152015 20162016--20202020 20212021--20302030 TotalTotal

Unit: MW

Renewable EnergyRenewable Energy 20112011 20152015 20162016 20202020 20212021 20302030 TotalTotal

Hydroelectric PumpedStorage - 500

(1 Project)- 500

(1 Project)

Dam 104.5(12 Projects)

52.6(10 Projects)

42(12 Projects)

199.1(34 Projects)

Wind 21 50 120 191Wind (2 Projects) (1 Project) (4 Projects) (7 Projects)

Solar 5.5(2 P j t)

0.5(1 P j t)

40(4 P j t )

46(7 P j t )(2 Project) (1 Project) (4 Projects) (7 Projects)

MunicipalSolid Waste - 3.75

(2 Projects)15

(2 Projects)18.75

(4 Projects)Solid Waste (2 Projects) (2 Projects) (4 Projects)

TotalTotal 131131 606606..8585 217217 954954..99

19

3. Case Study of “ I-sarn ” (Northeast Thailand)(Northeast Thailand)

Power Plants in I-sarn

Contract Capacity of Thailand’s Northeastern System (by power plant type) in 2012

Combined CycleCombined Cycle

650 650 MWMW

1616%%

HydroHydro ((LaosLaos))

22,,104104..6 6 MWMW

5151%%

HydroHydro ((DomesticDomestic))

SolarSolar

113113..3 3 MWMW

33%%

744744..3 3 MWMW

1818%% WindWind

180 180 MWMW

22%%

BiomassBiomass//BiogasBiogas

420420..6 6 MWMW

1010%%Total 4,125 MWTotal 4,125 MWRenewable Energy 3,475 MW (84%)

Imported Electricity from neighboring countries

MyanmarMyanmarMOUMOU 44thth J lJ l 19971997 11 550000 MWMWMOUMOU 44thth JulyJuly 19971997 : : 11,,550000 MWMWPotential : Potential : 4040,,000000+ MW + MW

LaosLaosMOUMOU 2222ndnd DecDec 20072007 :: 77 000000 MWMWMOUMOU 2222ndnd Dec Dec 20072007 :: 77,,000000 MWMWSigned PPA : Signed PPA : 22,,913 913 MWMWCOD :COD : 11,,891 891 MWMWPotential : Potential : 2626,,000 000 MWMW• High of potential areas

=> North & Northeast=> North & Northeast• Available to Imported electricity from neighboring countries

CambodiaCambodiaPotential : Potential : 1010,,000 000 MWMW

* 31 2555

22

PEA(NE.3) SERVICE AREADomestic RE : Show case “PEA Area3”

Integrating New & Renewable Energy into the grid

CHAIYAPHUMCHAIYAPHUM

The service area of PEA Area3 (North East) is approx. 51,720 km2CHAIYAPHUMCHAIYAPHUM km, accounting for 10.079 % of the country.

NAKHONNAKHON

ADDC.NEADDC.NE33(Nakorn Ratchasima)(Nakorn Ratchasima)

4 Provinces 72 amphurs760 di t i t

SURINSURIN

NAKHONNAKHONRATCHASIMARATCHASIMA

BURIRAMBURIRAM760 districts9359 villages6,645,088 populations1 687 620

Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 23

1,687,620 customers

Grid System

Thailand Generation Transmission and Distribution Power System

Generation Transmission Line 115 kV, 230 kV, 500 kV

13 8 kV

•Power Plant Switchyard

13.8 kV

Substation

Large Industrial

Transmission Line69 kV, 115 kV

DistributionTransformer

MV Distribution Line

Substation

22 kV, 33 kV

LT Distribution Line 400/230 V household

Industrial

PEA(NE.3) SERVICE AREAShow case “PEA Area3”

Integrating New & Renewable Energy into the grid

CHAIYAPHUMCHAIYAPHUM

The service area of PEA Area3 (North East) is approx. 51,720 km2CHAIYAPHUMCHAIYAPHUM km, accounting for 10.079 % of the country.

NAKHONNAKHON

11,,217 217 MWMWPeakPeak--DemandDemand

4 Provinces 72 amphurs760 di t i t

SURINSURIN

NAKHONNAKHONRATCHASIMARATCHASIMA

BURIRAMBURIRAM760 districts9359 villages6,645,088 populations1 687 620

Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 25

1,687,620 customers

Numbers of SPP/VSPP in “PEA Area3”

RE Type

SPP VSPP Total

N f Capacity N f Capacity N f CapacityRE Type No. of

Project

Capacity

(MW)

No. of

Project

Capacity

(MW)

No. of

Project

Capacity

(MW)Percentage

Biomass 6 90 14 99 20 189 39%

Biogas - - 13 30 13 30 6%

Solar - - 20 86 20 86 18%

Wind 2 180 - - 2 180 37%Wind 2 180 2 180 37%

Total 8 270 47 215.113 55 485.113 100%

RE proportion in the grid in “PEA Area3” = 40%

FIELD DEVICES INTERFACE AND UHF DEVICENeeds of the SCADA System

ADDC

Area of High Penetration of RE needs proper Data management

ADDC

Area Distribution Dispatching CenterGSM Modem(Telephone Simcard)

UHF 450 MHzMARS

Remote Controlled Switch I/FRemote Controlled Switch I/F

Switched Capacitor Bank I/fSwitched Capacitor Bank I/f

UHF 450 MHz

UHF 450 MHzMARS

Fiber Optic / Leased Line450 MHzMARS

MARS

Line Recloser I/FLine Recloser I/FLine Regulator Recloser I/fLine Regulator Recloser I/f

PEA(NE.3) ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMShow case “PEA Area3” Electrical Power

System

Substation Transformer(MVA)

Feeder Peak Load(MW) Year2012

24 of 115 kV-substations 1,050 93 766.2o 5 substat o s(include 1 switching substation)

,050 93 66

11 of 22 kV -substations 1,125 143 450.8

Total 35 Substations 2 175 236 1 217Total 35 Substations 2,175 236 1,217

• Transmission System: 115 kV 815.39 cct-km

• Distribution System: 22 kV 27,928.50 cct-km

• L.V. Distribution Lines : 40,215.25 cct-km

• 1,217 MW of peak load

• Distribution Generators : 8 SPP and 47 VSPP

Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 28

SPP/VSPP connect with the electric power system of PEA(Area3)

VSPP 40 SPP 7 (365.933 MW)Biomass 19 (184.60 MW)Biogas 13 (30 133 MW)Biogas 13 (30.133 MW)

Solar 14 (86 MW) Wind 2 (180 MW)

Lesson Learned from I-Sarn

1. Multiple Sources of ElectricityProblems & Barriers

- Swing voltage- High cost of investment - Power Quality

2. SCADA/Data Collection - RE-facilities = lots of data- need more system / serversFastest Rate of y- need to develop real-time system

RE PenetrationIn Thailand

3. Readiness indicator prior to any future upgrade to “Smart system”

(84%)

- Smart Grid- Energy Storage

4. Testbed of “DC-PV Micro-grid ”

CETiad Hybrid DC Microgrid Pilot ProjectCETiad Hybrid DC Microgrid Pilot Project

• Community DC power grid system with low voltage from• Community DC power grid system with low voltage fromPV-Biodiesel

25.5 kW PVL dLoad:1 office, 1 minimart, 1 restaurant, 1 coffee shop, 1 farm, 6 houses

CETiad Location:Smart CommunitySmart CommunityChiang Mai World Green CityChiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai Thailand

25 5 kW25.5 kW

CETiad CETiad

CETiad Monitoring Systemg y

Data management at the community level

5. Recent Initiatives

New Initiatives…..New Initiatives…..

Community Enterprise ProjectCommunity Enterprise ProjectGreen Energy from Green Energy from E CE CEnergy CropsEnergy Crops

NEC’s Solution atNEC’s Solution at 11//25562556

National Energ Co ncil at its 144th (1/2556) Meeting appro ed theNational Energy Council at its 144th (1/2556) Meeting approved theProject by;

1. Assign MoEN to set up the Committee to study the entire project with the representatives from 9 Ministries; MoEN, M-Society, M. of

C SAgriculture and Cooperatives, Education Ministry, Science and Technology Ministry, Industry Ministry, Interior Ministry, MONRE and Commerce Ministry

2. MoEN to implement the pilot project in 3 different areas i.e. dried area, wet are, and growing rice area with non-standard yield. The budget, , g g y gwill be drawn from ENCON Fund for 300 million Baht.

The implementation has to be reported to the NECThe implementation has to be reported to the NEC

Napier PropertiesNapier Properties

Fast and easy growing with average yield of 40-80 ton (Fresh)/rai/year(Fresh)/rai/year

Easy care, harvested with machine

Can be sprouted again for at l t 7least 7 years

Heat value 14-18 MJ/kgPower production from biogas 1

MW/800-1000 rai of area useMW/800 1000 rai of area useGrowing method like sugarUse cane for growingFull sunlight, good soil, enough

t b t t t l dwater but not wet land

:

6. Key Take-Aways

Key Take-Aways

1. Thailand has L/T goal as well as supporting policies for RE-

investment.

2. Thailand national power-grids (T&D) have some capability to take

up more RE-power. However, upgrading T&D is another key area

to boost RE-investment in Thailand.

3. One region of Thailand, I-Sarn, has already 84% of RE-power.

4. Proper investment in the SCADA system is the critical step

before going into “SMART Grid. Thailand’s PEA has actively

invested in the SCDADA systeminvested in the SCDADA system.

5. “PV-DC Micro-grid” may be the solution for community-

based RE-facility, especially in the case of island or mountaintopy p y p

villages.

6. New RE Investments i.e. DGG, Waste to Energy, Technologies

and Innovation, Compressed Biogas etc.

h k f iThank you for Your attentiontwarath@dede.go.tht th@ iltwarath@gmail.com