New atomic/molecular architectures: from soft matter to nano-science

Experimental Condensed Matter Physics @ Sapienza

Carlo Mariani

carlo.mariani@uniroma1.it

Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”

Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma «La Sapienza»

30 September 2019

Teaching in the Condensed

Matter Physics curriculum is

strongly linked to the

experimental and theoretical

research activities

Nanostructures and low-dimensional

systems

Superconductivity and highly-correlated

systems

Photonics, quantum information, non-linear

optics

Liquid and disordered systems

Statistical mechanics and applications

Materials and methods for cultural heritage,

etc.

Teaching in the Condensed

Matter Physics curriculum is

strongly linked to the

experimental and theoretical

research activities

Nanostructures and low-dimensional

systems

Superconductivity and highly-correlated

systems

Liquid and disordered systems

experimental techniques and methods

On-campus Dept. research laboratories

(optical, electron spectroscopy, spatial-and/or time- resolved

specs., …)

Laboratories by the large Research Infrastructures,

Synchrotron Radiation (SR), Free Electron Laser (FEL), neutrons, …

graphene, a “honeycomb” lattice of C atoms, planar and 2D system, with unique properties

and nano-porous graphene, exhibiting 2D physical

properties, while being 3D compact: enormous

surface-volume ratio

spectro-microscopy study of the C electronic states in NPG

can we distort the sp2 bonds towards sp3 bonds in a planar shape?

yes, H-graphene

C 1s photo-electron spectroscopy

cylindrically wrapped graphene forms 1D C nano-tubes

10

demonstrated the huge anisotropy

→ new advanced particle detectors

Raman spectroscopy (anelastic light scattering)

high pressure setupto investigate

structural transitions

diamond anvil cell

hybrid perovskites

pressure up to 30GPa

(300000 atm)

carbon nanotubes

extr

eme

con

dit

ion

sat

the

nan

osc

ale

polarization analysis

Raman selection rules,

orientation, disorder

structure, composition

and strain level of

nanostructures

Domain dependent structure and electronic structure of

new superconductors

Space resolved diffraction Space resolved photoemission

Sci. Rep. 4, 5592 (2014)Phys. Rev. 91, 20503 (2015)

Plasmon-assisted Infrared Nanospectroscopy

AFM cantileverParabolic

mirrorIR spectroscopic identification of

membrane proteins

embedded in lipid membrane monolayers

(5 nm thick)

(1)

(2) IR Plasmonic Nanoantennas

2D layers of nano-structured semiconductors as light sensors

metal

chalcogen

MX2

M: Mo, W

X: S, Se, Te

in-plane lattice ~0.32 nmplane-distance ~0.65 nmlayer thickness ~0.33 nm

2D layers of nano-structured semiconductors as light sensors:

the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD)

WS2strain-induced light sensors:H2-injection and micro-bubbles 0D emitters

single-photon emitters based on 2D materials

QD to be used as entangled-light sources

Coherent Raman and Ultrafast Spectroscopy

Making molecular movies using light flashes: The Pump-Probe Scheme

Using pulse sequences to map transient electronic,

magnetic, structuraldynamics

Paradigmatic case of light-matter interaction in graphene: upon light absorption multiple processes

concurr to the relaxation

e-e scattering

Hot-LuminescenceGraphene at the equilibrium

Out-of-equilibrium e-phpairs upon light absorption

• Ultrafast Magnetism

HDD MRAM

ComputingRecording

ChallengeControlling the magnetic state with the best

possible temporalresolution

ħ

ω

frequency and time-domain optical spectroscopy of quantum materials

magnetism at the nanometer scale

Co

graphene

graphene

Co

graphene favours a different magnetic coupling between different molecules

(FePc e CuPc) and a Cobalt layer

X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism

a few of our laboratories in the Dipartimento di Fisica

Nonlinear Waves and Solitons in Disordered Crystals

Optical time-resolved Spectroscopy in Nano-structures

Scanning Probe Microscopies

Photoelectron Spectroscopy in low-D systems and Nanostructures

the new Amaldi Research Center laboratory at the Dipartimento di Fisica

a unique spatially-resolved micro-photoemission and micro-Raman/photo-luminescence facility, with growth of 2D materials, all in vacuum… operative from ~September 2020

Synchrotron Radiation (SR)

an exemplary large research infrastructure

The Electromagnetic Radiation

Spectral Intensity Distributions … next

Free Electron Lasers(FEL)

Synchrotron Radiation laboratories

European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF),

Grenoble

ELETTRA and FERMI-FEL, Trieste

ILL, neutron source

Synchrotron Radiation laboratories

ALBA, Barcelona

SOLEIL, Paris

Synchrotron Radiation laboratories

DIAMOND, Oxfordshire, UK

European XFEL, Hamburg

Condensed Matter Physics: teaching

five suggested curricula:

Superconductivity, Strongly Correlated Systems, and Functional Materials

Surface Physics and Nanostructures

Soft and Active Matter

Photonics and Quantum Technologies

Complexity Science

more information in dedicated session:Wedneasday 16th Oct., 16:00, aula Amaldi

http://www.phys.uniroma1.it/fisica/ricerca/scientific-report

pages 41-47

Further information and details in the Department Scientific Report, Section on the Physics of Matter

…the new Scientific Report (2017-2019) will be published soon…

The experimentalists in Cond. Matter Physics (predominantly:

nanostructures, highly-correlated systems, soft matter and disordered

systems) in the Department of Physics

Leonetta BALDASSARRE

Giovanni BATIGNANI

Maria Grazia BETTI

Federico BORDI

Livia E. BOVE

Claudio CONTI

Francesco DE LUCA

Eugenio DEL RE

Naurang Lal SAINI

Stefano SARTI

Fabio SCIARRINO

Tullio SCOPIGNO

Nicolo' SPAGNOLO

Francesco TREQUATTRINI

Rinaldo TROTTA

Paolo DORE

Renato FASTAMPA

Marco FELICI

Stefano LUPI

Carlo MARIANI

Paolo MATALONI

Alessandro NUCARA

Michele ORTOLANI

Ernesto PLACIDI

Antonio POLIMENI

Paolo POSTORINO

Giancarlo RUOCCO