new chip seal technology - tsp2...chip seal (emulsion, chips, substrate) seems to have an effect on...
TRANSCRIPT
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New Chip Seal Technology
by
Scott Shuler
TRB Preventive Maintenance Committee
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Acknowledgements
National Cooperative Highway Research
Program
Project 14-17 “Manual for Emulsion-Based Chip
Seals for Pavement Preservation”
FHWA Federal Lands
City of Frederick, Colorado
Washington DOT
Texas Transportation Institute
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Objective: Replacing ‘Art’
with Science
• Turning Traffic Loose/Sweeping
• Surface Texture
• Surface Resistance
• Emulsion Correct on Job?
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Question
• Can a Lab Test Can be Used to Predict When to Broom/Turn Traffic Loose on a Chip Seal
• If Used:– Judgment Could be Improved,
– Windshields Saved,
– Reputations Maintained,
– More Chip Seals Would be Built
– The deficit would be eliminated
– World Peace would follow
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Chips at One-
Stone Thickness
“Pin-Art” Holds Chips
The ‘Grabber’
Template =
40% Embedment
A Pneumatic Roller
Would be an
Improvement
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NCHRP 14-17
“Broom Simulator”
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• AGGREGATES:
– Basalt, Alluvial, Granite, Limestone
• EMULSIONS:
– RS-2, RS-2P, CRS-2, CRS-2P
• EMULSION CURE:
– 40%, 80%
• AGGREGATE MOISTURE:
– Dry, SSD
The Experiment
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Step 2 - Determine the Moisture Content Where
<10% Chip Loss Occurs with Field Materials
Dry Aggregate
Chip Loss, % =
-1.2179(Moisture Loss, %) + 98.203
R2 = 0.8254
SSD Aggregate
Chip Loss, % =
-1.3453(Moisture Loss, %) + 105.33
R2 = 0.9283
At About 70 to 75%
Moisture Loss
Chip Loss
Field Site Aggregates - Lab Sweep Test Results
Moisture Loss, %40 50 60 70 80 90
10
30
50
70
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So the Lab Test Seems to Work,
Does This Relate to the Field?
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Arches, NP
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Frederick, CO
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Forks, WA
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0
2
4
6
8
10
0 20 40 60 80 100
Field Moisture Loss, %
Step 3 - Build Three Full-Scale Chip Seals and Compare
Moisture Content to Chip Adhesion
Arches Natl Park, UT
Frederick, CO
US101, WA
Resists Broom and Traffic
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Is the Emulsion What You Want?
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20 to 70 seconds at 85 to 150F for a 6 mm orifice or
10 to 60 seconds at 85 to 140F for a 7.5 mm orifice
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Field Viscosity Cup - 7.5 mm Orifice
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
Temperature, F
Tim
e, sec
Forks
Frederick
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Will Chips Disappear Into Substrate?
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
Traffic, Veh/day/lane
Ball P
enetr
ation, m
m
B CA
Above L ine C
C orrection =
-0.06 gal/yd2
(-0.30 L /m2)F rom L ine B to C
C orrection =
-0.04 gal/yd2
(-0.20 L /m2)F rom L ine A
to B C orrection =
-0.02 gal/yd2
(-0.1 L /m2)No C orrection Needed
this s ide of L ine A
S urface Too S oft for C hip S eal Above this L ine
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Will Pavement Texture Swallow Emulsion?
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Surface Texture Correction
U. S. Customary Units
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0 5 10 15 20 25
Sand Patch Diameter*, in.
(*based on 1.5 in3 sand volume)
Correction, gal/
yd
2
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How Much are the Chips Embedded ?
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Limestone-
Calculated
G ranite-
Calculated
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Volume of Sand below ALD ht, cm3
Aggregate
Em
bedm
ent, %
Limestone-
Actual
G ranite-
Actual
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Conclusions
• The amount of water remaining in the
chip seal (emulsion, chips, substrate)
seems to have an effect on chip
retention.
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Conclusions
• The Modified Sweep Test may provide
a means to Determine What Moisture
Content is Appropriate Before Opening
To Traffic/Sweeping.
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Conclusions
• Significantly higher chip loss was
measured for test specimens
fabricated with dry aggregates
compared with saturated surface dry
aggregates.
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Conclusions
• No significant differences in chip loss
could be measured either at 40 or 80
percent cure when cationic emulsions
were compared with anionic emulsions
on either calcareous or siliceous
aggregates.
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Conclusions
• Simple, Practical Quantitative Methods Were
developed for:
Embedment Depth
Surface ‘Softness’
Emulsion Viscosity
Surface Texture
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Questions ?
Thank You !