new technology for dramatically - optimum pumpingoptimum-pumping.com/gmrc pan project summary and...

NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR CONTROLLINGRECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR PULSATIONS

Performance Augmentation Network Technology (PAN) Full‐scale Field Test

08/13/2013 Report

New Technology for Dramatically

Improving Reciprocating Compressor Performance




08/13/2013 Report

Brief Technical Background

2013: Commercial release of Virtual Pumping Station & Design Software;Project opportunity at Williams sta. 85.

2006: OPT & El Paso cooperate to model Ariel compressor cylinder.

2007: OPT & ACI cooperate to model a cylinder compressor; GMC Paper on Tuned Loops and Tuning Section Transitions

2008: Lab testing of PAN for 2 DA cyl. air compressor;GMC Paper on Air Compressor Test Rig

2009: 2 throw proof of concept test on Superior MH64 at TGT Ellisburg station;GMC Paper comparing PAN simulation & field test results.

2010: Designed PAN for El Paso Sta. 96; Project cancelled due changing pipeline flows.Continued research on PAN tuned manifolds.

2012: Kinder Morgan acquired El Paso & withdrew Batesville.

2011: Research to increase compressor efficiency via tuning;GMC Paper on Performance Augmentation Networks;El Paso Batesville Sta. design & GMRC project. initiated.

2014: Sta. 85 field installation & testing.GMRC Paper on test results.



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The History of Unsteady Gas Dynamics in Pipes• Initial development in Europe in the mid 20th Century.• Queens University of Belfast took the academic research lead.• Professor Gordon P. Blair, CBE became its leading spokesperson publishing over

100 SAE papers and two reference text books.• High performance racing engine simulation and design was his passion.



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The Development of Virtual Engines andVirtual Pumping Stations• 1993 OPTIMUM Power Technology entered into a development partnership with QUB

and developed its Virtual Engines design software based on this physics.– VE was licensed to Honda, Toyota Racing Development (TRD), Ilmor, Hendrick

Motorsports and others who used it very successfully for racing engine design.– VE was licensed to Cameron for natural gas engine development.– Because engines breathe air at 1 atmosphere, the thermodynamics of VE is based

on ideal gas laws.• OPTIMUM Pumping Technology enhanced VE to accurately simulate natural gas

reciprocating compressors – Virtual Pumping Station.– Virtual Pumping Station was enhanced to use real gas physics based on NIST data.– Dynamic (mass‐spring) check‐valve support was added.– Infinite step unloader support.– Loop PAN pulsation comb filter technology was developed.– Manifold PAN technology was developed.– Cameron became the 1st VPS customer.



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Principles of Unsteady Gas Dynamics in Pipes• Finite amplitude unsteady gas dynamics is fundamentally different from

and far more complex than steady state gas flow theory.• It is as different as electrical AC circuit theory is from DC circuit theory.• Finite amplitude unsteady gas dynamics is fundamentally different from

and far more complex than acoustic theory.• Finite amplitude pressure waves change the media as they propagate.• They transmit and reflect at pipe area changes and everywhere the

media in the pipe changes its properties.• In any pipe that is experiencing unsteady-pulsing flow, there are 2

waves propagating in opposite directions. The convention is to call them the Right wave and the Left wave.

• The sum of these 2 waves is the superposition pressure that we measure with pressure transducers.



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PAN Virtual Pumping Station Animation of Cylinder 1Head End, Crank End, Check Valves and Header Pipe



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PAN Virtual Pumping Station Flow Diagram



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Bottles and PANs are FUNDAMENTALLY DifferentBottle systems• Reduce pulsation to acceptable levels• DISSIPATE 95% of pulsation energy• Process each throw INDIVIDUALLY• Components

• Primary and secondary bottle volumes• Choke tubes• Orifice plates

• Problems:• Pressure loss• Poorly phased cyclical flange pressure

that reduces adiabatic efficiency of the compressor

• Bottle vibration problems

• Bottles CANNOT be modified to perform like a PAN

PANs• Reduce pulsation to acceptable levels• RECOVER 95% of pulsation energy• Process ALL throws as a SYSTEM• Components

• Primary TST W or Y junction recovers pulsation energy

• Secondary Y TST junction to join flow from both sides of compressor to reduce pulsation

• Standard pipe• OPTIMIZED TSTs, pipe diameters and

lengths• Benefits:

• NO pressure loss• Greatly improved cyclical flange

pressure significantly increases compressor adiabatic efficiency

• Reduced operation cost• Reduced power/engine emissions• Increased flow• Reduced vibration caused failures



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2008: Laboratory (2) DA Cylinder Air Test

1000 RPM, 21 PSIA, Y with 15' & 10' loopsFull load

17.518

18.519

19.520

20.521

21.522

22.523

23.524

24.525

25.526

26.5

-180 -135 -90 -45 0 45 90 135 180Crank angle (deg.)

Pres

sure

(PSI

)

Head 1 Head 2 After Y After 1st loop After 2nd loop

0.7% P/P discharge pulsation

2 x Quincy single stage500 ‐ 1000 rpm2 DA cylinder discharge PAN



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2009: El Paso Ellisburg Field Test – 2nd Generation

PAN Side vs BOTTLE Side Pressure Drop ComparisonPressure drop (PR = 1.1)

896 psig Avg. Discharge Pressure

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

860 880 900 920 940 960 980 1000Speed (RPM)

Pres

sure

dro

p (P

SI)

BOT Cyl 1 to LINE PAN Cyl 2 to LINE BOT Cyl 3 to LINE PAN Cyl 4 to LINELinear (PAN Cyl 2 to LINE) Linear (PAN Cyl 4 to LINE) Linear (BOT Cyl 1 to LINE) Linear (BOT Cyl 3 to LINE)

Traditional Bottle System - Cyl. 1 & 3

Bottle-less Pan System - Cyl. 2 & 4

Cyl. 3

Cyl. 1

Cyl. 2

Cyl. 4

1000 RPM Fully Loaded

870.0

880.0

890.0

900.0

910.0

920.0

930.0

940.0

0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360 405 450 495 540 585 630 675 720Angle

Pres

sure

(PSI

)

NozzleStart of 1st loopAfter PAN

5.5 psig less discharge pressure drop 0.4% P/P discharge pulsation

Superior MH64 single‐stage750 ‐ 1000 rpm2 DA cylinder discharge PAN



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2010: El Paso Sta. 96 Conversion Design – 3rd Generation

Flange ‐> W‐TST ‐> Side Pipe ‐> Y‐TST ‐> Pipeline

Ariel KVB/6 single‐stage720 rpm constant speed6 DA cylinder PAN manifoldInfinite step unloading

Cancelled due to PL flow demand change.



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2011: El Paso Batesville Conversion Design – 4th Generation

Ariel KVB/6 single‐stage500 ‐ 750 rpm6 DA cylinder PAN manifold8 symmetric unloading steps

GMRC & El Paso Project Objectives– No Compressor Modifications– Variable Speed– 8 Load Steps with ACI Pockets – CONTINUOUS Unloading– Less than 1% P/P pulsation under all operating conditions– 90% Reduction in system pressure Loss– Acceptable vibration– Demonstrate that PANs can significantly improve the efficiency far beyond

the benefits of reduced pressure loss

Cancelled due to KM acquisition.



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4th Generation PAN Improved Adiabatic Efficiency



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2013 Progress & Status• GMRC Royalty Agreements have been negotiated with OPTIMUM Pumping• A second Virtual Pumping Station 6‐throw baseline bottle compressor model has

been 90% validated• New test site at Williams Sta. 85 identified May 2013

‐ 2 identical units to be re‐cylindered: one with PAN; one with new bottles.‐ Project schedule is fast track and has to move forward right away to meet the

station’s contractual needs. ‐ Project has been planned to accomplish GMRC Project’s objectives, with

sequence adapted from El Paso project.‐ Modeling & simulation completed and presented herein.‐ Mechanical design nearly completed.‐ System mechanical analysis ready to start after review meeting. ‐ TST production ready to start.‐ Williams project team $$ approval pending – (now

the pacing item in schedule).

2 identical Cat G3616 & Ariel JGZ/6 Packages Requiring Re‐cylindering‐ 1 unit to have PAN‐ 1 unit to have new bottles



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Williams Sta. 85 – New Cylinders & Unloading

Unloading selected based on bottle system.HE FVCPs on each cylinder.No CE FVCPs required.No SACE load steps required.

Cat G3616 & Ariel JGZ/6 with (6) 9.75” ZL cylinders



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Primary Project Objectives• Total system pressure drop from suction line to discharge line less than 2 psig at

all operating points.• Control of pulsation to less than 1.5% of line pressure level at all operating

conditions.• Control of mechanical vibrations and stress levels consistent with API 618 M5

requirements.• A 10% reduction in compressor BHP/MMSCFD at the high flow operating

condition (compared to bottle system).



08/13/2013 Report

Secondary Project Objectives• The ability of OPTIMUM’s Virtual Pumping Station software to predict the pressure

drop, pulsation and BHP/MMSCFD of the re‐cylindered compressor with the PAN installed.

• The ability of the Virtual Pumping Station software to predict the pressure drop, pulsation and BHP/MMSCFD of the re‐cylindered compressor with the Bottles installed.

• The ability of OPTIMUM’s design optimization software to create a PAN that simultaneously achieves all of the primary objectives of the project.



08/13/2013 Report

Project TeamACI Services Inc.• Norm Shade – ACI (executive project management)• John Bazaar – ACI (project management; mechanical design, analysis)• Tyler Clark – ACI (mechanical design, analysis, CAD modeling)• Jessica Gilcher – ACI (design, CAD modeling)• Joe Mosely – ACI (CAD modeling)• Nak Nortey – ACI (FEA)• Beta Machinery Analysis – (system mechanical analysis)

OPTIMUM Power Technology• Glen Chatfield – OPT (project management; simulation & PAN design)• Dale Wells – OPT (simulation & PAN design)• Malcom Ashe – OPT (valve modeling/simulation)

Williams• Patrick Jacobs• Scott Schubring



08/13/2013 Report

Project Schedule with MilestonesCylinder selection (Williams) ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐5/15/13 DoneFinal cost estimate & schedule to Williams‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐5/31/13 DoneDraft contract to GMRC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐6/7/13 8/31/13 est.Initial PAN model development & simulation (OPT)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐6/15/13 DoneGMRC contract signed‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐6/30/13 10/7/13Invoice #1 to GMRC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐7/23/13 10/7/13Begin solicitation of co‐funding‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐7/1/13 9/1/13Mechanical layout (ACI)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐6/30/13 DoneFinal PAN model (ACI/OPT)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐7/8/13 DonePresent PAN Model results to Williams & PSC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐7/12/13 8/13/13Williams & GMRC decision to proceed‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐7/16/13 8/15/13Complete TST design & FEA (ACI)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐8/7/13 9/16/13Complete detailed mechanical design (ACI)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐8/15/13 8/30/13Finalize support & pier/foundation design (ACI)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐8/15/13 8/30/13Begin TST patterns (ACI)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐8/16/13 10/1/13Complete valve analysis‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐9/16/13 10/15/13Complete system mechanical analysis (ACI/contractor)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐9/16/13 10/15/13Present mechanical analysis results to Williams & PSC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐9/18/13 10/17/13Williams & GMRC decision to proceed‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐9/20/13 10/19/13Invoice #2 to GMRC 9/22/13 10/19/13

* l / /

5/12* Schedule

CurrentSchedule

Current



08/13/2013 Report

Project Schedule with Milestones5/12*

ScheduleCurrentSchedule

Order PAN material (ACI)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐9/23/13 10/21/13 Complete new #2 unit bottle design (Enerflex)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐10/31/13 10/31/13Model & simulate new bottles (OPT)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐11/30/13 11/30/13Complete test protocol & define instrumentation‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐N/A 12/15/13Invoice #3 to GMRC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐1/7/14 1/7/14Complete TSTs (ACI)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐1/15/14 1/15/14Complete PAN & supports fabrication (ACI/contractor)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐2/28/14 2/28/14Invoice #4 to GMRC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐3/1/14 3/1/14Remove existing bottle system & install piers (Williams)‐‐‐‐‐‐3/31/14 3/31/14Install new cylinders (Williams)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐4/8/14 4/8/14Install PAN on Unit #1 & bottles on Unit #2 (Williams)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐4/22/14 4/22/14Hydrostatic testing and support installation (Williams)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐4/30/14 4/30/14Onsite static mechanical test (team)‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐5/7/14 5/7/14Mechanical & performance testing (ACI/OPT/contractor)‐‐‐‐‐5/24/14 5/24/14Acceptance‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐5/31/14 5/31/14Invoice #5 to GMRC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐6/14/14 6/14/14Final report to Williams & GMRC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐8/?/14 8/12/14Invoice #6 to GMRC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐8/31/14 8/12/14Report results at 2014 GMC‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐10/?/14 10/6/14

* Preliminary estimate 5/12/13



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Mechanical Design – As Is



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Mechanical Design – 5th Generation PAN

8”

8”

12”

12”

16”



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Mechanical Design – Preliminary Supports & Platform



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Mechanical Design – Top View



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Mechanical Design – Site Work



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Mechanical Design ‐ Prefabrication

Disch W-TST

Suct W-TST

Suct Y-TST

Disch Y-TST



08/13/2013 Report

Performance PredictionSuction Pressure vs. Crank Angle @ 950 RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig (864.7 psia) suction / 1307 psig (1321.7 psia) discharge – fully loaded

@ Cyl. Flange

After W-TST

After Y-TST



08/13/2013 Report

Performance PredictionSuction Pressure Animation @950rpmDesign Pt. 3: 850psig (864.7 psia) suction / 1307psig (1321.7 psia) discharge – fully loaded



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Performance PredictionDischarge Pressure vs. Crank Angle @ 950 RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig (864.7 psia) suction / 1307 psig (1321.7 psia) discharge – fully loaded

After W-TST

@ Cyl. Flange

After Y-TST



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Performance PredictionDischarge Pressure Animation @950rpmDesign Pt. 3: 850psig (864.7 psia) suction / 1307psig (1321.7 psia) discharge – fully loaded



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Performance PredictionPV Chart @950rpmDesign Pt. 3: 850psig (864.7 psia) suction / 1307psig (1321.7 psia) discharge – fully loaded



08/13/2013 Report

Performance Comparison

• Comparison of eRCM Bottle** predictions to VPS PAN predictions• PAN Averages 17% Greater Efficiency and• PAN Averages 14% Greater Flow• Never Exceeded Rated BHP at Full Load (i.e., No Unloading)

** Bottle system pressure drop 2% suction and 1% discharge (lower than GMRC Guideline).

STATION 85 ‐ 6 VERY DIFFERENT DESIGN POINT OPERATING CONDITIONS



08/13/2013 Report

Performance PredictionBHP v. RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig suction / 1307 psig discharge – fully loaded



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Performance PredictionMMSCFD v. RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig suction / 1307 psig discharge – fully loaded



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Performance PredictionBHP/MMSCFD v. RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig suction / 1307 psig discharge – fully loadedVery good over entire speed range.



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Performance PredictionSuction P/P Pulsation v. RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig suction / 1307 psig discharge – fully loaded0.1 to 0.5%



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Performance PredictionDischarge P/P Pulsation v. RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig suction / 1307 psig discharge – fully loaded0.1 to 0.6%



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Performance PredictionSuction Pressure Loss v. RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig suction / 1307 psig discharge – fully loaded0.4 to 0.2 psi pressure gain



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Performance PredictionDischarge Pressure Loss v. RPMDesign Pt. 3: 850 psig suction / 1307 psig discharge – fully loaded0.0 to 0.5 psi pressure loss [Total avg. Suct + Disch Pressure Loss = 0.06 psi]



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Performance PredictionBHP v. RPMAll Design Points – fully loaded



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Performance PredictionMMSCFD v. RPMAll Design Points – fully loaded



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Performance PredictionBHP/MMSCFD v. RPMAll Design Points – fully loadedVery good over entire speed range.



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Performance PredictionSuction P/P Pulsation v. RPMAll Design Points – fully loaded0.2 to 0.7%



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Performance PredictionDischarge P/P Pulsation v. RPMAll Design Points – fully loaded0.1 to 0.6%



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Performance PredictionSuction Pressure Loss v. RPMAll Design Points – fully loaded0.4 to 0.1 psi pressure gain



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Performance PredictionDischarge Pressure Loss v. RPMAll Design Points – fully loaded‐0.6 to +0.6 psi pressure loss



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Performance PredictionBHP v. RPMAll Design Points – fully unloaded (6 HE pockets open)



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Performance PredictionMMSCFD v. RPMAll Design Points – fully unloaded (6 HE pockets open)



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Performance PredictionBHP/MMSCFD v. RPMAll Design Points – fully unloaded (6 HE pockets open)Very good over entire speed range.



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Performance PredictionSuction P/P Pulsation v. RPMAll Design Points – fully unloaded (6 HE pockets open)0.6 to 1.3%



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Performance PredictionDischarge P/P Pulsation v. RPMAll Design Points – fully unloaded (6 HE pockets open)0.3 to 1.2%



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Performance PredictionSuction Pressure Loss v. RPMAll Design Points – fully unloaded (6 HE pockets open)0.3 to 0.0 psi pressure gain



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Performance PredictionDischarge Pressure Loss v. RPMAll Design Points – fully unloaded (6 HE pockets open)0.0 to 0.5 psi pressure loss



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Primary Project Objectives Comparison• Total system pressure drop from suction line to discharge line less than 2 psi at all

operating points. – Simulation Results: All points less than 0.3 psi = Objective met.

• Control of pulsation to less than 1.5% of line pressure level at all operating conditions.– Simulation Results: Worst case 0.6% fully loaded / 1.3% with maximum

unloading = Objective met.• Control of mechanical vibrations and stress levels consistent with API 618 M5

requirements.– Next investigative phase (to be reported in October)

• A 10% reduction in compressor BHP/MMSCFD at the high flow operating condition (compared to bottle system).– Simulation Results: average 17% reduction at 6 design points = Objective met.



08/13/2013 Report

Project Cost EstimateCost Estimated

CostACI/OPT

Contribut’nWilliams Cost*

GMRC Cost

System Modeling , Optimization & Eng. (OPT) $150,000 $0 $0 $150,000Previous uncompensated Batesville Sta. (OPT) $95,000 $95,000 $0 $0Previous uncompensated Batesville Sta. (ACI) $67,000 $67,000 $0 $0

System Design and Drwg Development (ACI) $72,000 $72,000 $0 $0System Mechanical Analysis (contractor) $27,500 $0 $0 $27,500Project Management Services (ACI ) $32,000 $32,000 $0 $0 TSTs including P&T for new designs (ACI) 229,200 $71,500 $0 $157,700Remove Existing System (Williams) $28,300 $0 $28,300 $0Procure/Fabricate PAN & supports (ACI) 283,250 $0 $0 $283,250Install New PAN System (Williams) 298,700 $0 $298,700 $0Site Engineering Support (ACI & OPT) $96,000 $96,000 $0 $0 Field Mech & Perf Testing/Analys (contractor) $55,000 $0 TBD $55,000Travel Expenses for site support (ACI and OPT) $66,550 $0 $0 $66,550Contingency Modifications $100,000 $0 $0 $100,000PROJECT TOTAL $1,650,500 $433,500 $327,000 $840,000

*Approval Pending



08/13/2013 Report

Project Cost EstimateInvoice Schedule to GMRC Amount DateGMRC Invoice 1 – 15% $126,000 10/7/13GMRC Invoice 2 – 10% $84,000 10/19/13GMRC Invoice 3 – 25% $210,000 1/7/14GMRC Invoice 4 – 20% $168,000 3/1/14GMRC Invoice 5 – 25% $210,000 6/1/14GMRC Invoice 6 – 5% $42,000 8/31/14GMRC TOTAL $840,000

GMRC Funding Sources & ScheduleGMRC approved maximum 2012 $250,000 AvailableAriel Co‐funding $100,000 AvailableCaterpillar Co‐funding $100,000 AvailableGE Water & Power Co‐funding $50,000 AvailableDresser‐Rand Co‐funding $20,000 AvailableAdditional GMRC request 2013 $150,000 10/11/13Additional Co‐funding TBD $170,000 3/31/13GMRC TOTAL $840,000Contingency Co‐funding TBD $100,000

new technology for dramatically - optimum pumpingoptimum-pumping.com/gmrc pan project summary and...

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